Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79)

by Dionysius of Halicarnassus

  [4] For five years, then, the kings reigned together in perfect harmony, during which time they engaged in one joint undertaking, the expedition against the Camerini; for these people, who kept sending out bands of robbers and doing great injury to the country of the Romans, would not agree to have the case submitted to judicial investigation, though often summoned by the Romans to do so. After conquering the Camerini in a pitched battle (for they came to blows with them) and later besieging and taking their town by storm, they disarmed the inhabitants and deprived them of a third part of their land, which they divided among their own people.

  [5] καὶ τρεψάμενοι αὐτούς, τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν ἅπαντα τοῖς σφετέροις πολίταις διεῖλον, αὐτοὺς δὲ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ὁπόσοι ἐβούλοντο ἐν Ῥώμῃ κατοικεῖν εἴασαν. ἐγένοντο δ᾽ ὡς τετρακισχίλιοι, οὓς ταῖς φράτραις ἐπεμέρισαν, καὶ τὴν πόλιν αὐτῶν ἀποικίαν Ῥωμαίων ἐποίησαν. ἦν δὲ Ἀλβανῶν ἀπόκτισις ἡ Καμερία πολλοῖς χρόνοις ἀποσταλεῖσα πρότερον τῆς Ῥώμης: τὸ δ᾽ ἀρχαῖον Ἀβοριγίνων οἴκησις ἐν τοῖς πάνυ ἐπιφανής.

  [5] And when the Camerini proceeded to harass the new settlers, they marched out against them, and having put them to flight, divided all their possessions among their own people, but permitted as many of the inhabitants as wished to so to live at Rome. These amounted to about four thousand, whom they distributed among the curiae, and they made their city a Roman colony. Cameria was a colony of the Albans planted long before the founding of Rome, and anciently one of the most celebrated habitations of the Aborigines.

  [1] ἐνιαυτῷ δὲ ἕκτῳ περιίσταται πάλιν εἰς ἕνα Ῥωμύλον ἡ τῆς πόλεως ἀρχὴ Τατίου τελευτήσαντος ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς, ἣν συνέστησαν ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ Λαουινιατῶν οἱ κορυφαιότατοι συμφρονήσαντες ἀπὸ τοιαύτης αἰτίας: τῶν ἑταίρων τινὲς τοῦ Τατίου λῃστήριον ἐξαγαγόντες εἰς τὴν Λαουινιατῶν χώραν χρήματά τε αὐτῶν ἥρπασαν πολλὰ καὶ βοσκημάτων ἀπήλασαν ἀγέλας, τῶν δ᾽ ἐπιβοηθούντων οὓς μὲν ἀπέκτειναν, οὓς δ᾽ ἐτραυμάτισαν.

  [51.1] But in the sixth year, the government of the city devolved once more upon Romulus alone, Tatius having lost his life as the result of a plot which the principal men of Lavinium formed against him. The occasion for the plot was this. Some friends of Tatius had led out a band of robbers into the territory of the Lavinians, where they seized a great many of their effects and drove away their herds of cattle, killing or wounding those who came to the rescue.

  [2] ἀφικομένης δὲ πρεσβείας παρὰ τῶν ἠδικημένων καὶ τὰ δίκαια ἀπαιτούσης ὁ μὲν Ῥωμύλος ἐδικαίωσε παραδοῦναι τοὺς δράσαντας τοῖς [p. 227] ἀδικηθεῖσιν ἀπάγειν, ὁ δὲ Τάτιος τῶν ἑταίρων περιεχόμενος οὐκ ἠξίου πρὸ δίκης τινὰς ὑπ᾽ ἐχθρῶν ἄγεσθαι καὶ ταῦτα πολίτας ὄντας ὑπὸ ξένων: δικάζεσθαι δ᾽ αὐτοῖς ἐκέλευε τοὺς ἠδικῆσθαι λέγοντας εἰς Ῥώμην ἀφικομένους.

  [2] Upon the arrival of an embassy from the injured to demand satisfaction, Romulus decided that those who had done the injury should be delivered up for punishment to those they had wronged. Tatius, however, espousing the cause of his friends, would not consent that any persons should be taken into custody by their enemies before trial, and particularly Roman citizens by outsiders, but ordered those who complained that they had been injured to come to Rome and proceed against the others according to law.

  [3] οἱ μὲν δὴ πρέσβεις οὐδὲν εὑρόμενοι τῶν δικαίων ἀγανακτοῦντες ἀπῄεσαν, ἀκολουθήσαντες δ᾽ αὐτοῖς τῶν Σαβίνων τινὲς ὑπ᾽ ὀργῆς, ἐσκηνωμένοις παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν ῾ἑσπέρα γὰρ αὐτοὺς κατέλαβεν᾽ ἐπιτίθενται καθεύδουσι καὶ τά τε χρήματ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἀφαιροῦνται καὶ ὁπόσους ἐν ταῖς κοίταις ἔτι κατέλαβον ἀποσφάττουσιν, ὅσοις δὲ ταχεῖα τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς αὐτῶν αἴσθησις ἐγένετο καὶ τοῦ διαφυγεῖν δύναμις εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἀφικνοῦνται. μετὰ τοῦτο ἔκ τε Λαουινίου πρέσβεις ἀφικόμενοι καὶ ἐξ ἄλλων πόλεων συχνῶν κατηγόρουν τῆς παρανομίας καὶ πόλεμον παρήγγελλον εἰ μὴ τεύξονται τῆς δίκης.

  [3] The ambassadors, accordingly, having failed to obtain any satisfaction, went away full of resentment; and some of the Sabines, incensed at their action, followed them and set upon them while they were asleep in their tents, which they had pitched near the road when evening overtook them, and not only robbed them of their money, but cut the throats of all they found still in their beds; those, however, who perceived the plot promptly and were able to make their escape got back to their city. After this ambassadors came both from Lavinium and from many cities, complaining of this lawless deed and threatening war if they should not obtain justice.

  [1] Ῥωμύλῳ μὲν οὖν δεινόν, ὥσπερ ἦν, τὸ περὶ τοὺς πρεσβευτὰς ἐφαίνετο πάθος καὶ ταχείας ἀφοσιώσεως δεόμενον, ὡς ἱεροῦ καταλυομένου νόμου. καὶ οὐδὲν ἔτι διαμελλήσας, ὡς εἶδεν ὀλιγωροῦντα τὸν Τάτιον αὐτὸς συνέλαβε τοὺς ἐνόχους τῷ ἄγει καὶ

  [52.1] This violence committed against the ambassadors appeared to Romulus, as indeed it was, a terrible crime and one calling for speedy expiation, since it had been in violation of a sacred law; and finding that Tatius was making light of it, he himself, without further delay, caused those who had been guilty of the outrage to be seized and delivered up in chains to the ambassadors to be led away.

  [2] δήσας παρέδωκε τοῖς πρεσβευταῖς ἀπάγειν. Τατίῳ δὲ θυμός τε εἰσέρχεται τῆς ὕβρεως, ἣν ὑπὸ τοῦ συνάρχοντος ᾐτιᾶτο ὑβρίσθαι κατὰ τὴν παράδοσιν τῶν ἀνδρῶν, καὶ οἶκτος τῶν ἀπαγομένων ῾ἦν γὰρ καὶ συγγενής τις αὐτοῦ τῷ ἄγει ἔνοχοσ᾽ καὶ αὐτίκα τοὺς στρατιώτας ἀναλαβὼν ἐβοήθει διὰ τάχους ἐν ὁδῷ [p. 228] τε ὄντας τοὺς πρέσβεις καταλαβὼν ἀφείλετο τοὺς

  [2] But Tatius not only was angered at the indignity which he complained he had received from his colleague in the delivering up of the men, but was also moved with compassion for those who were being led away (for one of the guilty persons was actually a relation of his); and immediately, taking his soldiers with him, he went in haste to their assistance, and overtaking the ambassadors on the road, he took the prisoners from them.

  [3] ἀπαγομένους. χρόνου δὲ οὐ πολλοῦ διελθόντος, ὡς μέν τινες φασιν, ἅμα Ῥωμύλῳ παραγενόμενος εἰς τὸ Λαουίνιον ἕνεκα θυσίας, ἣν ἔδει τοῖς πατρῴοις θεοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως θῦσαι τοὺς βασιλεῖς, συστάντων ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν τῶν ἑταίρων τε καὶ γένει προσηκόντων τοῖς ἀνῃρημένοις πρέσβεσιν ἐπὶ τῶν βωμῶν ταῖς μαγειρικαῖς σφαγίσι καὶ
τοῖς βουπόροις ὀβελοῖς παιόμενος ἀποθνήσκει.

  [3] But not long afterwards, as some say, when he had gone with Romulus to Lavinium in order to perform a sacrifice which it was necessary for the kings to offer to the ancestral gods for the prosperity of the city, the friends and relations of the ambassadors who had been murdered, having conspired against him, slew him at the altar with the knives and spits used in cutting up and roasting the oxen.

  [4] ὡς δ᾽ οἱ περὶ Λικίννιον γράφουσιν οὐ μετὰ Ῥωμύλου παραγενόμενος οὐδὲ χάριν ἱερῶν, ἀλλὰ μόνος ὡς πείσων τοὺς ἀδικηθέντας ἀφεῖναι τοῖς δεδρακόσι τὴν ὀργήν, ἀγανακτήσαντος τοῦ πλήθους ἐπὶ τῷ μὴ παραδίδοσθαί σφισι τοὺς ἄνδρας, ὡς ὅ τε Ῥωμύλος ἐδικαίωσε καὶ ἡ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἔκρινε βουλή, καὶ τῶν προσηκόντων τοῖς τεθνεῶσι κατὰ πλῆθος ὁρμησάντων ἐπ᾽ αὐτόν, ἀδύνατος ὢν ἔτι διαφυγεῖν τὴν ἐκ χειρὸς δίκην καταλευσθεὶς ὑπ᾽ αὐτῶν ἀποθνήσκει.

  [4] But Licinius writes that he did not go with Romulus nor, indeed, on account of any sacrifices, but that he went alone, with the intention of persuading those who had received the injuries to forgive the authors of them, and that when weight people became angry because the men were not delivered up to them in accordance with the decision both of Romulus and of the Roman senate, and the relations of the slain men rushed upon him in great numbers, he was no longer able to escape summary justice and was stoned to death by them.

  [5] Τάτιος μὲν οὖν τοιαύτης τελευτῆς ἔτυχε τρία μὲν ἔτη πολεμήσας Ῥωμύλῳ, πέντε δὲ συνάρξας, θάπτεται δ᾽ εἰς Ῥώμην κομισθεὶς ἐντίμῳ ταφῇ καὶ χοὰς αὐτῷ καθ᾽ ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτὸν ἡ πόλις ἐπιτελεῖ δημοσίᾳ.

  [5] Such was the end to which Tatius came, after he had warred against Romulus for three years and had been his colleague for five. His body was brought to Rome, where it was given honourable burial; and the city offers public libations to him every year.

  [1] Ῥωμύλος δὲ μόνος ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν τὸ δεύτερον καταστὰς τό τε ἄγος ἀφοσιοῦται τὸ περὶ τοὺς πρέσβεις γενόμενον προειπὼν τοῖς ἐργασαμένοις τὸ μύσος ὕδατος εἴργεσθαι καὶ πυρός ῾ἐπεφεύγεσαν γὰρ [p. 229] ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἅπαντες ἅμα τῷ τὸν Τάτιον ἀποθανεῖν᾽ καὶ τῶν Λαουινιατῶν τοὺς συστάντας ἐπὶ τὸν Τάτιον δικαστηρίῳ παραδοὺς ἐκδοθέντας ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως, ἐπειδὴ δικαιότερα ἐδόκουν λέγειν τὰ βίαια τιμωρησάμενοι τοῖς βιαίοις, ἀπέλυσε τῆς αἰτίας.

  [53.1] But Romulus, now established for the second time as sole ruler, expiated the crime committed against the ambassadors by forbidding those who had perpetrated the outrage the use of fire and water; for upon the death of Tatius they had all fled from the city. After that, he brought to trial the Lavinians who had conspired against Tatius and who had been delivered up by their own city, and when they seemed to plead, with considerable justice, that they had but avenged violence with violence, he freed them of the charge.

  [2] ταῦτα διαπραξάμενος ἐπὶ τὴν Φιδηναίων ἐστράτευσε πόλιν ἀπὸ τετταράκοντα σταδίων τῆς Ῥώμης κειμένην, μεγάλην τε καὶ πολυάνθρωπον οὖσαν τότε. ἀγομένης γὰρ εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἀγορᾶς ἐν σκάφαις ποταμηγοῖς, ἣν Κρουστομερῖνοι πιεζομένοις ὑπὸ λιμοῦ Ῥωμαίοις ἀπέστειλαν, ὠσάμενοι κατὰ πλῆθος ἐπὶ τὰς σκάφας οἱ Φιδηναῖοι τήν τε ἀγορὰν διήρπασαν καὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων τινὰς τῶν ἐπιβοηθούντων ἀπέκτειναν αἰτούμενοί

  [2] After he had attended to these matters, he led out his army against the city of Fidenae, which was situated forty stades from Rome and was at that time both large and populous. For on an occasion when the Romans were oppressed by famine and provisions which the people of Crustumerium had sent to them were being brought down the river in boats, the Fidenates crowded aboard the boats in great numbers, seized the provisions and killed some of the men who defended them, and when called upon to make satisfaction, they refused to do so.

  [3] τε δίκας οὐχ ὑπεῖχον. ἐφ᾽ οἷς ἀγανακτῶν ὁ Ῥωμύλος ἐνέβαλεν εἰς τὴν χώραν αὐτῶν πολλῇ στρατιᾷ καὶ γενόμενος ἀφθόνου λείας ἐγκρατὴς ἀπάγειν μὲν παρεσκευάζετο τὴν δύναμιν, ἐπεξελθόντων δὲ τῶν Φιδηναίων συνάπτει πρὸς αὐτοὺς μάχην. καρτεροῦ δὲ ἀγῶνος γενομένου καὶ πολλῶν πεσόντων ἀφ᾽ ἑκατέρων ἡσσηθέντες οἱ Φιδηναῖοι τρέπονται πρὸς φυγήν, ὁ δ᾽ ἐκ ποδὸς συνακολουθῶν αὐτοῖς συνεισπίπτει τοῖς φεύγουσιν εἰς τὸ τεῖχος.

  [3] Romulus, incensed at this, made an incursion into their territory with a considerable force, and having possessed himself of a great quantity of booty, was preparing to lead his army home; but when the Fidenates came out against him, he gave them battle. After a severe struggle, in which many fell on both sides, the enemy were defeated and put to flight, and Romulus, following close upon their heels, rushed inside the walls along with the fugitives.

  [4] ἁλούσης δὲ τῆς πόλεως ἐξ ἐφόδου τιμωρησάμενος ἐξ αὐτῶν ὀλίγους καὶ φυλακὴν ἐν τῇ πόλει τριακοσίων ἀνδρῶν καταλιπὼν τῆς τε χώρας μοῖραν ἀποτεμόμενος, ἣν τοῖς σφετέροις διεῖλεν, ἀποικίαν ἐποίησε Ῥωμαίων καὶ [p. 230] ταύτην τὴν πόλιν, ἦν δὲ Ἀλβανῶν ἀπόκτισις κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν οἰκισθεῖσα Νωμεντῷ τε καὶ Κρουστομερείᾳ χρόνον τριῶν ἀδελφῶν τῆς ἀποικίας ἡγησαμένων, ὧν ὁ πρεσβύτατος τὴν Φιδήνην ἔκτισεν.

  [4] When the city had been taken at the first assault, he punished a few of the citizens, and left a guard of three hundred men there; and taking from the inhabitants a part of their territory, which he divided among his own people, he made this city also a Roman colony. It had been founded by the Albans at the same time with Nomentum and Crustumerium, three brothers having been the leaders of the colony, of whom the eldest built Fidenae.

  [1] μετὰ τοῦτον τὸν πόλεμον ἐπὶ Καμερίνους ἐστράτευσεν ἐπιθεμένους τοῖς παρὰ σφίσιν ἐποίκοις, καθ᾽ ὃν χρόνον ἔκαμνεν ἡ Ῥωμαίων πόλις ὑπὸ νόσου λοιμικῆς: ᾗ δὴ μάλιστα ἐπαρθέντες οἱ Καμερῖνοι καὶ νομίσαντες ἄρδην τὸ Ῥωμαίων διαφθαρήσεσθαι γένος ὑπὸ τῆς συμφορᾶς τοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτειναν τῶν ἐποίκων, τοὺς δ᾽ ἐξέβαλον.

  [54.1] After this war Romulus undertook another against the Camerini, who had attacked the Roman colonists in their midst while the city of Rome was suffering from a pestilence; it was this situation in particular that encouraged the Camerini, and believing that the Roman nation would be totally destroyed by the calamity, they killed some of the colonists and expelled the rest.

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p; [2] ἀνθ᾽ ὧν τιμωρούμενος αὐτοὺς ὁ Ῥωμύλος, ἐπειδὴ τὸ δεύτερον ἐκράτησε τῆς πόλεως, τοὺς μὲν αἰτίους τῆς ἀποστάσεως ἀπέκτεινε, τοῖς δὲ στρατιώταις διαρπάσαι τὴν πόλιν ἐφῆκε, τῆς τε χώρας τὴν ἡμίσειαν ἀποτεμόμενος ἔξω τῆς πρότερον τοῖς κληρούχοις δοθείσης καὶ φρουρὰν ἀξιόχρεων καταλιπών, ὡς μηδὲν ἔτι παρακινῆσαι τοὺς ἔνδον, ἀπῆγε τὴν δύναμιν. ἐκ ταύτης τῆς στρατείας καὶ δεύτερον θρίαμβον κατήγαγε καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν λαφύρων τέθριππον χαλκοῦν ἀνέθηκε τῷ Ἡφαίστῳ καὶ παρ᾽ αὐτῷ τὴν ἰδίαν ἀνέστησεν εἰκόνα ἐπιγράψας Ἑλληνικοῖς γράμμασι τὰς ἑαυτοῦ πράξεις.

  [2] In revenge for this Romulus, after he had a second time made himself master of the city, put to death the authors of the revolt and permitted his soldiers to plunder the city; and he also took away half the land besides that which had been previously granted to the Roman settlers. And having left a garrison in the city sufficient to quell any future uprising of the inhabitants, he departed with his forces. As the result of this expedition he celebrated a second triumph, and out of the spoils he dedicated a chariot and four in bronze to Vulcan, and near it he set up his own statue with an inscription in Greek characters setting forth his deeds.

  [3] τρίτος αὐτῷ συνέστη πόλεμος πρὸς ἔθνους Τυρρηνικοῦ τὴν μεγίστην ἰσχὺν ἔχουσαν τότε πόλιν, ἣ καλεῖται μὲν Οὐιοί, ἀπέχει δὲ τῆς Ῥώμης ἀμφὶ τοὺς ἑκατὸν σταδίους, [p. 231] κεῖται δ᾽ ἐφ᾽ ὑψηλοῦ σκοπέλου καὶ περιρρῶγος μέγεθος ἔχουσα ὅσον Ἀθῆναι. ἐποιήσαντο δ᾽ οἱ Οὐιεντανοὶ τοῦ πολέμου πρόφασιν τὴν τῆς Φιδήνης ἅλωσιν καὶ πρέσβεις ἀποστείλαντες ἐκέλευον Ῥωμαίοις ἐξάγειν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως τὴν φρουρὰν καὶ τὴν χώραν, ἣν κατεῖχον ἀφελόμενοι τοὺς Φιδηναίους, ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς ἐξ ἀρχῆς κυρίοις. ὡς δ᾽ οὐκ ἔπειθον ἐλάσαντες πολλῇ στρατιᾷ πλησίον τῆς Φιδήνης ἐν ἀπόπτῳ τίθενται τὸν χάρακα.