[2] Last of all, Tarquinius’ son-in-law, Mamilius, a man most powerful at that time among the Latins, rose up and inveighed against the Romans in a long speech. And, Valerius answering all his accusations and seeming to have the advantage in the justice of his cause, the deputies spent that day in hearing the accusations and the defences without reaching any conclusion to their deliberations. But on the following day the presidents would no longer admit the Roman ambassadors to the assembly, but gave a hearing to Tarquinius, Mamilius, the Arician, and all the others who wished to make charges against the Romans, and after hearing them all through, they voted that the treaty had been dissolved by the Romans, and gave this answer to the embassy of Valerius: that inasmuch as the Romans had by their acts of injustice dissolved the ties of kinship between them, they would consider at leisure in what manner they ought to punish them.
[3] ἐν ᾧ δὲ ταῦτ᾽ ἐπράττετο χρόνῳ, συνωμοσία κατὰ τῆς πόλεως ἐγένετο δούλων συχνῶν συνειπαμένων τάς τ᾽ ἄκρας καταλαβέσθαι καὶ κατὰ πολλοὺς ἐμπρῆσαι τόπους τὴν πόλιν. μηνύσεως δὲ γενομένης ὑπὸ τῶν συνειδότων αἱ πύλαι τ᾽ ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων εὐθὺς ἐκλείοντο, καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐρύματα τῆς πόλεως ὑπὸ τῶν ἱππέων κατείληπτο: καὶ αὐτίκα οἱ μὲν ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν συλληφθέντες, οἱ δ᾽ ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν ἀναχθέντες, ὅσους ἀπέφαινον οἱ μηνυταὶ μετασχεῖν τῆς συνωμοσίας, μάστιξι καὶ βασάνοις αἰκισθέντες ἀνεσκολοπίσθησαν ἅπαντες. ταῦτ᾽ ἐπὶ τούτων ἐπράχθη τῶν ὑπάτων.
[3] While this was going on, a conspiracy was formed against the state, numerous slaves having agreed together to seize the heights and to set fire to the city in many places. But, information being given by their accomplices, the gates were immediately closed by the consuls and all the strong places in the city were occupied by the knights. And straightway all those whom the informers declared to have been concerned in the conspiracy were either seized in their houses or brought in from the country, and after being scourged and tortured they were all crucified. These were the events of this consulship.
[1] Σερουιλίου δὲ Σολπικίου Καμερινοῦ καὶ Μανίου Τυλλίου Λόγγου τὴν ἀρχὴν παραλαβόντων Φιδηναίων τινὲς παρὰ Ταρκυνίων στρατιώτας μεταπεμψάμενοι τὴν ἄκραν καταλαμβάνονται, καὶ τῶν μὴ ταὐτὰ προαιρουμένων οὓς μὲν διαφθείραντες, οὓς δ᾽ ἐξελάσαντες, ἀφιστᾶσιν αὖθις ἀπὸ Ῥωμαίων τὴν πόλιν: πρεσβείας τε Ῥωμαικῆς ἀφικομένης ὥρμησαν μὲν ὡς πολεμίοις χρήσασθαι τοῖς ἀνδράσι, κωλυθέντες δ᾽ ὑπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων ἐξέβαλον αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως,
[52.1] Servius Sulpicius Camerinus and Manius Tullius Longus having taken over the consulship, some of the Fidenates, after sending for soldiers from the Tarquinii, took possession of the citadel at Fidenae, and putting to death some of those who were not of the same mind and banishing others, caused the city to revolt again from the Romans. And when a Roman embassy arrived, they were inclined to treat the men like enemies, but being hindered by the elders from doing so, they drove them out of the city, refusing either to listen to them or to say anything to them.
[2] οὔτε δοῦναι λόγον ἀξιώσαντες οὔτε λαβεῖν. ταῦθ᾽ ἡ βουλὴ τῶν Ῥωμαίων μαθοῦσα πρὸς μὲν τὸ κοινὸν τῶν Λατίνων οὔπω τὸν πόλεμον ἐκφέρειν πρόθυμος ἦν, πυνθανομένη μὴ πᾶσιν εἶναι τὰ ψηφισθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν [p. 216] προβούλων κατὰ νοῦν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν ἑκάστῃ πόλει τοὺς δημοτικοὺς ἀναδύεσθαι τὸν πόλεμον, καὶ πλείους εἶναι τοὺς ἀξιοῦντας μένειν τὰς σπονδὰς τῶν διαλελύσθαι λεγόντων: ἐπὶ δὲ τοὺς ἐν Φιδήνῃ τὸν ἕτερον ἐψηφίσαντο τῶν ὑπάτων Μάνιον Τύλλιον ἀποστεῖλαι στρατιὰν ἄγοντα πολλήν: ὃς ἐπειδὴ τὴν χώραν αὐτῶν ἐδῄωσε κατὰ πολλὴν: ὃς ἐπειδὴ τὴν χώραν αὐτῶν ἐδῄωσε κατὰ πολλὴν ἄδειαν οὐδενὸς ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς ἀμυνομένου, πλησίον τοῦ τείχους καταστρατοπεδευσάμενος ἐφύλαττε μήτ᾽ ἀγορὰς εἰσάγεσθαι τοῖς ἔνδον μήτε ὅπλα 19 μήτε ἄλλην βοήθειαν μηδεμίαν.
[2] The Roman senate, being informed of this, did not desire as yet to make war upon the whole nation of the Latins, because they understood that they did not all approve of the resolutions taken by the deputies in the assembly, but that the common people in every city shrank from the war, and that those who demanded that the treaty should remain in force outnumbered those who declared it had been dissolved. But they voted to send one of the consuls, Manius Tullius, against the Fidenates with a large army; and he, having laid waste their country quite unmolested, as none offered to defend it, encamped near the walls and placed guards to prevent the inhabitants from receiving provisions, arms, or any other assistance.
[3] Φιδηναῖοι μὲν δὴ τειχήρεις ἐγένοντο καὶ πρὸς τὰς Λατίνων ἐπρεσβεύοντο πόλεις δεόμενοι ταχείας συμμαχίας: οἱ δὲ προεστηκότες τῶν Λατίνων, ἀγορὰν ποιησάμενοι τῶν πόλεων, Ταρκυνίοις τε αὖθις ἀποδόντες λόγον καὶ τοῖς παρὰ τῶν πολιορκουμένων ἥκουσιν, ἐκάλουν τοὺς συνέδρους εἰς ἀπόφασιν γνώμης, τίνα χρὴ πολεμεῖν Ῥωμαίοις τρόπον, ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτάτων τε καὶ ἐπιφανεστάτων ἀρξάμενοι.
[3] The Fidenates, being thus shut up within their walls, sent ambassadors to the cities of the Latins to ask for prompt assistance; whereupon the presidents of the Latins, holding an assembly of the cities and again giving leave to the Tarquinii and to the ambassadors from the besieged to speak, called upon the deputies, beginning with the oldest and the most distinguished, to give their opinion concerning the best way to make war against the Romans.
[4] πολλῶν δὲ ῥηθέντων λόγων καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ πολέμου πρῶτον, εἰ δέοι αὐτὸν ἐπικυρῶσαι, οἱ μὲν ταραχωδέστεροι τῶν συνέδρων τὸν βασιλέα κατάγειν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἠξίουν καὶ Φιδηναίοις βοηθεῖν παρῄνουν: ἐν ἡγεμονίαις μὲν βουλόμενοι γενέσθαι στρατιωτικαῖς καὶ πραγμάτων ἐφάψασθαι μεγάλων, μάλιστα δ᾽ οἱ δυναστείας καὶ τυραννίδος ἐν ταῖς ἑαυτῶν πατρίσιν ἐρῶντες, ἣν συγκατασκευάσειν αὐτοῖς Ταρκυνίους ἐπείθοντο τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχὴν ἀνακτησαμένους. οἱ δ᾽ εὐπορώτατοί τε καὶ ἐπιεικέστατοι μένειν ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς ἠξίουν τὰς πόλεις καὶ μὴ προχείρως ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα [p. 217] χωρεῖν: καὶ ἦσαν οὗτοι τῷ πλήθει πιθανώτατοι.
[4] And many speeches having been made, first, concerning the war itself, the most turbulent of the deputies were for restoring the king to power and advised assisting the Fidenates, being desirous of getting into positions of command in the armies and e
ngaging in great undertakings; and this was the case particularly with those who yearned for domination and despotic power in their own cities, in gaining which they expected the assistance of the Tarquinii when these had recovered the sovereignty over the Romans. On the other hand, the men of the greatest means and of the greatest reasonableness maintained that the cities ought to adhere to the treaty and not hastily resort to arms; and these were the most influential with the common people.
[5] ἐξωθούμενοι δὴ πρὸς τῶν παραινούντων τὴν εἰρήνην ἄγειν οἱ τὸν πόλεμον ἐπισπεύδοντες, τοῦτό γε πείθουσι ποιῆσαι τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τελευτῶντες, πρεσβευτὰς εἰς Ῥώμην ἀποστεῖλαι τοὺς παρακαλέσοντας ἅμα καὶ συμβουλεύσοντας τῇ πόλει δέχεσθαι Ταρκυνίους καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους φυγάδας ἐπ᾽ ἀδείᾳ καὶ ἀμνηστίᾳ, καὶ περὶ τούτων ὅρκια τεμόντας τῇ πατρίῳ κοσμεῖσθαι πολιτείᾳ καὶ τῆς Φιδηναίων πόλεως ἀπανιστάναι τὸν στρατόν, ὡς σφῶν γε οὐχ ὑπεροψομένων συγγενεῖς καὶ φίλους ἀφαιρεθέντας τὴν πατρίδα: ἐὰν δὲ μηδέτερον τούτων ὑπομείνωσι πράττειν, τότε βουλεύσεσθαι περὶ τοῦ πολέμου:
[5] Those who pressed for war, being thus defeated by the advisers of peace, at last persuaded the assembly to do this much at least — to send ambassadors to Rome to invite and at the same time to advise the commonwealth to receive the Tarquinii and the other exiles upon the terms of impunity and a general amnesty, and after making a covenant concerning these matters, to restore their traditional form of government and to withdraw their army from Fidenae, since the Latins would not permit their kinsmen and friends to be despoiled of their country; and in case the Romans should consent to do neither of these things, they would then deliberate concerning war.
[6] οὐκ ἀγνοοῦντες μέν, ὅτι τούτων οὐδέτερον ὑπομενοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι, προφάσεις δὲ τῆς ἔχθρας βουλόμενοι λαβεῖν εὐπρεπεῖς, καὶ τοὺς ἐναντιουμένους σφίσι θεραπείαις ἐν τῷ μεταξὺ χρόνῳ καὶ χάρισιν ἐπάξεσθαι νομίζοντες. ταῦτα ψηφισάμενοι καὶ χρόνον ὁρίσαντες ἐνιαύσιον Ῥωμαίοις μὲν βουλῆς, ἑαυτοῖς δὲ παρασκευῆς, καὶ πρεσβευτὰς ἀποδείξαντες, οὓς Ταρκύνιος ἐβούλετο, διέλυσαν τὸν σύλλογον.
[6] They were not unaware that the Romans would consent to neither of these demands, but they desired to have a specious pretence for their hostility, and they expected to win over their opponents in the meantime by courting them and doing them favours. The deputies, having passed this vote and set a year’s time for the Romans in which to deliberate and for themselves to make their preparations, and having appointed such ambassadors as Tarquinius wished, dismissed the assembly.
[1] διασκεδασθέντων δὲ τῶν Λατίνων κατὰ πόλεις, ὁρῶντες οἱ περὶ Μαμίλιόν τε καὶ Ταρκύνιον, ὅτι ταῖς σπουδαῖς ἀναπεπτώκασιν οἱ πολλοί, τὰς μὲν ὑπερορίους ἐλπίδας ὡς οὐ πάνυ βεβαίας ἀφίεσαν: μεταθέμενοι δὲ τὰς γνώμας τὸν πολιτικὸν καὶ ἀφύλακτον ἐμηχανῶντο πόλεμον ἐξ αὐτῆς ἀναστῆσαι τῆς [p. 218] Ῥώμης, στάσιν εἰσάγοντες τοῖς πένησι πρὸς τοὺς εὐπόρους.
[53.1] When the Latins had dispersed to their several cities, Mamilius and Tarquinius, observing that the enthusiasm of most of the people had flagged, began to abandon their hopes of foreign assistance as not very certain, and changing their minds, they formed plans to stir up in Rome itself a civil war, against which their enemies would not be on their guard, by fomenting a sedition of the poor against the rich.
[2] ἤδη δ᾽ ὑπεκίνει τὸ πολὺ τοῦ δημοτικοῦ μέρος καὶ ἐνόσει, μάλιστα δὲ τὸ ἄπορον καὶ ὑπὸ δανείων ἠναγκασμένον μηκέτι τὰ κράτιστα τῷ κοινῷ φρονεῖν: οὐ γὰρ ἐμετρίαζον ἐν ταῖς ἐξουσίαις οἱ δανείζοντες, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς δεσμοὺς τὰ τῶν ὑποχρέων ἀπῆγον σώματα καὶ ὥσπερ ἀργυρωνήτοις αὐτοῖς ἐχρῶντο.
[2] Already the greater part of the common people were uneasy and disaffected, especially the poor and those who were compelled by their debts no longer to have the best interests of the commonwealth at heart. For the creditors showed no moderation in the use of their power, but haling their debtors to prison, treated them like slaves they had purchased.
[3] ταῦτα δὴ μαθὼν ἔπεμψεν ὁ Ταρκύνιος εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἅμα τοῖς πρέσβεσι τῶν Λατίνων ἀνυπόπτους τινὰς ἄνδρας φέροντας χρυσίον, οἳ συνιόντες εἰς λόγους τοῖς ἀπόροις καὶ θρασυτάτοις, καὶ τὰ μὲν ἤδη διδόντες αὐτοῖς, τὰ δ᾽, εἰ κατέλθοιεν οἱ βασιλεῖς, ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, πολλοὺς πάνυ τῶν πολιτῶν διέφθειραν: καὶ γίνεται συνωμοσία κατὰ τῆς ἀριστοκρατίας οὐ μόνον ἐλευθέρων ἀπόρων, ἀλλὰ καὶ δούλων πονηρῶν ἐλευθερίας ἐλπίσιν ὑπαχθέντων, οἳ διὰ τοὺς κολασθέντας ὁμοδούλους ἐν τῷ παρελθόντι ἐνιαυτῷ δυσμενῶς καὶ ἐπιβούλως διακείμενοι πρὸς τοὺς δεσπότας, ἀπιστούμενοί τε ὑπ᾽ αὐτῶν καὶ ἐν ὑποψίαις ὄντες ὡς καὶ αὐτοὶ σφίσιν ἐπιθησόμενοί ποτε εἰ καιρὸν λάβοιεν, ἄσμενοι τοῖς παρακαλοῦσι πρὸς τὴν ἐπίθεσιν ὑπήκουσαν.
[3] Tarquinius, hearing of this, sent some persons who free from suspicion to Rome with money, in company with the ambassadors of the Latins, and these men, engaging in conversation with the needy and with those who were boldest, and giving them some money and promising more if the Tarquinii returned, corrupted a great many of the citizens. And thus a conspiracy was formed against the aristocracy, not only by needy freemen, but also by unprincipled slaves who were beguiled by hopes of freedom. The latter, because of the punishment of their fellow-slaves the year before, were hostile toward their masters and in a mood to plot against them, since they were distrusted by them and suspected of being ready themselves also to attack them at some time if the opportunity should offer; and accordingly they hearkened willingly to those who invited them to make the attempt.
[4] ὁ δὲ τῆς συνωμοσίας αὐτῶν τοιόσδε ἦν λογισμός. τοὺς μὲν ἡγεμόνας τῆς ἐπιχειρήσεως ἔδει φυλάξαντας νύκτ᾽ ἀσέληνον τὰς ἄκρας καὶ τοὺς ἐρυμνοὺς τῆς πόλεως τόπους καταλαβέσθαι: τοὺς δὲ θεράποντας, ὅταν αἴσθωνται κρατοῦντας ἐκείνους τῶν ἐπικαίρων χωρίων: ἀλαλαγμῷ δὲ τοῦτ᾽ ἔμελλεν [p. 219] αὐτοῖς γενήσεσθαι φανερόν: ἀποκτεῖναι τοὺς δεσπότας καθεύδοντας, ταῦτα δὲ διαπραξαμένους τάς τε οἰκίας διαρπάσαι τῶν εὐπόρων καὶ τὰς πύλας τοῖς τυράννοις ἀνοῖξαι.
[4] The plan of their conspiracy was as follows: The leaders of the undertaking were to wait for a moonless night and then seize the heights and the other strong place
s in the city; and the slaves, when they perceived that the others were in possession of those places of advantage (which was to be made known to them by raising a shout), were to kill their masters while they slept, and having done this, to plunder the houses of the rich and open the gates to the tyrants.
[1] ἡ δ᾽ ἐν παντὶ καιρῷ σώζουσα τὴν πόλιν καὶ μέχρι τῶν κατ᾽ ἐμὲ χρόνων παραμένουσα θεία πρόνοια διεκάλυψεν αὐτῶν τὰ βουλεύματα μηνύσεως θατέρῳ τῶν ὑπάτων γενομένης Σολπικίῳ, ἣν ἐποίησαν ἀδελφοὶ δύο Ταρκύνιοι, Πόπλιος καὶ Μάρκος, ἐκ Λαυρέντου πόλεως, κορυφαιότατοι τῶν μετασχόντων τῆς συνωμοσίας, ὑπὸ θείας ἀνάγκης βιαζόμενοι.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 540