[4] For the Volscians had changed all their military tactics after securing Marcius as their commander, and had adopted the customs of the Romans.
Accordingly, the legionaries of the two armies continued fighting the greater part of the day with equal success; and the unevenness of the terrain afforded each side many advantages against the other. The Roman horsemen having divided themselves into two bodies, one of these attacked the enemy’s right wing in flank, while the other, going round the hill, stormed across it against their rear.
[5] ἔπειθ᾽ οἱ μὲν εἰσακοντίζοντες τὰς λόγχας, οἱ δὲ τοὺς ὁμόσε χωροῦντας τοῖς ἱππικοῖς ξίφεσι μακροτέροις οὖσι κατὰ βραχιόνων παίοντες καὶ παρὰ τὰς ἀγκύλας καταφέροντες, πολλῶν μὲν τὰς ἀμυνομένας, ἢ σκεπούσας τὰ σώματα χεῖρας αὐτοῖς σκεπάσμασί τε καὶ ἀμυντηρίοις ἀπέκοπτον, πολλοὺς δὲ γονάτων τε καὶ ἀστραγάλων πληγαῖς βαθείαις ἀπὸ κρατίστης βάσεως ἐρρίπτουν ἡμιθανεῖς.
[5] Thereupon some of them hurled their spears at the Volscians, and others with their cavalry swords, which are longer than those of the infantry, struck all whom they encountered on the arms and slashed them down to the elbows, cutting off the forearms of many together with the clothing that covered them and their weapons of defence, and by inflicting deep wounds on the knees and ankles of many others, hurled them, no matter how firmly they had stood, half dead upon the ground.
[6] περιειστήκει τε πάντοθεν τοῖς Οὐολούσκοις τὸ δεινόν: ἐκ μὲν γὰρ τῶν κατὰ πρόσωπον οἱ πεζοὶ αὐτοῖς ἐνέκειντο, ἐκ δὲ τῶν πλαγίων τε καὶ τῶν κατόπιν οἱ ἱππεῖς, ὥστε ὑπὲρ δύναμιν ἀγαθοὶ γενόμενοι καὶ πολλὰ ἔργα τόλμης τε καὶ ἐμπειρίας ἀποδειξάμενοι, μικροῦ δεῖν πάντες οἱ τὸ δεξιὸν κέρας ἔχοντες κατεκόπησαν. οἱ δ᾽ ἐν μέσῃ τε τῇ φάλαγγι τεταγμένοι καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἑτέρου κέρως ἐπειδὴ τὸ δεξιόν τε παρερρηγμένον εἶδον καὶ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἐπιόντας σφίσι τοὺς τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἱππεῖς, ἐξελίξαντες τοὺς λόχους βάδην ἀπεχώρουν ἐπὶ τὸν χάρακα, καὶ οἱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων [p. 227]
[6] And now danger encompassed the Volscians on every side, the foot pressing them in front and the horse on their flank in the rear; so that, after having displayed bravery beyond their strength and given many proofs of hardihood and experience, nearly all who held the right wing were cut down. When those arrayed in the centre and on the other wing saw their right wing broken and the Roman horse charging them in the same manner, they caused their files to countermarch and retired slowly to their camp; and the Roman horse followed, keeping their ranks.
[7] ἱππεῖς ἐν τάξει ἠκολούθουν. ἐπεὶ δὲ πρὸς τῷ ἐρύματι ἦσαν, ἑτέρα γίνεται μάχη τῶν ἱππέων ἐπιβαινόντων τοῖς περισταυρώμασι κατὰ πολλὰ μέρη τοῦ χάρακος ὀξεῖα καὶ παλίντροπος. πονουμένων δὲ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ὁ ὕπατος κελεύσας τοῖς πεζοῖς ὕλην προσενέγκαντας ἀποχῶσαι τὰς τάφρους, πρῶτος ἐχώρει κατὰ τὸ ἐπίβατον ἔχων τοὺς ἀρίστους τῶν ἱππέων ἐπὶ τὰς ἐχυρωτάτας τοῦ χάρακος πύλας: ἀναστείλας δὲ τοὺς πρὸ αὐτῶν μαχομένους καὶ τοὺς καταρράκτας τῶν πυλῶν διακόψας ἐντὸς ἐγεγόνει τῶν ἐρυμάτων, καὶ τοὺς ἐπιόντας τῶν σφετέρων πεζῶν ἐδέχετο.
[7] When they were near the ramparts, there ensued another battle, as the horsemen endeavoured to surmount the breastworks of the camp in my different places — a battle that was sharp and of shifting fortunes. When the Romans found themselves hard pressed, the consul ordered the foot to bring brushwood and fill up the ditches; then, putting himself at the head of the bravest horsemen, he advanced over the passage they had made to the strongest gate of the camp, and having driven back the defenders in front of it and cut asunder the portcullis, he got inside the ramparts and let in those of his foot who followed.
[8] Τύλλος δ᾽ Ἄττιος ἔχων τοὺς ἐρρωμενεστάτους καὶ εὐτολμοτάτους Οὐολούσκων ὁμόσε αὐτῷ χωρεῖ καὶ πολλὰ ἔργα γενναῖα ἀποδειξάμενος: ἦν γὰρ ἀγωνιστὴς μὲν πολέμων σφόδρ᾽ ἄλκιμος, στρατηγῆσαι δ᾽ οὐχ ἱκανός: ὑπὸ κόπου τε καὶ πλήθους τραυμάτων καταπονηθεὶς ἀποθνήσκει. τῶν δ᾽ ἄλλων Οὐολούσκων, ἐπειδὴ ὁ χάραξ ἡλίσκετο, οἱ μὲν ἀγωνιζόμενοι κατεκόπησαν, οἱ δὲ τὰ ὅπλα ῥίψαντες πρὸς ἱκεσίας τῶν κεκρατηκότων ἐτράποντο, ὀλίγοι δέ τινες ἐπὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα φεύγοντες ἀπεσώθησαν.
[8] Here Tullus Attius encountered him with the sturdiest and most daring of the Volscians, and after performing many gallant deeds — for he was a very valiant warrior, though not competent as a general — at last, overcome by weariness and the many wounds he had received, he fell dead. As for the other Volscians, as soon as their camp was being taken, some were slain while fighting, others threw down their arms and turned to supplicating the conquerors, while some few took to flight and got safely home.
[9] ἀφικομένων δ᾽ εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἀγγέλων, οὓς ἀπέστειλαν οἱ ὕπατοι, μεγίστη χαρὰ τὸν δῆμον κατέσχε, καὶ αὐτίκα τοῖς μὲν θεοῖς χαριστηρίους ἐψηφίσαντο θυσίας, τοῖς δ᾽ ὑπάτοις τὴν τῶν θριάμβων τιμὴν προσέθεσαν. οὐ μέντοι τὴν αὐτήν γ᾽ ἀμφοτέροις: ἀλλὰ Σικκίῳ μέν, ἐπειδὴ φόβου μείζονος ἠλευθερωκέναι ἐδόκει τὴν πόλιν [p. 228] τὸν Οὐολούσκων ὑβριστὴν καθελὼν στρατὸν καὶ τὸν ἡγεμόνα αὐτῶν ἀποκτείνας τὴν μείζονα πομπὴν ἐψηφίσαντο: καὶ εἰσήλασεν ὁ ἀνὴρ ἄγων τὰ λάφυρα καὶ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους καὶ τὴν συναγωνισαμένην δύναμιν ἅρματι παρεμβεβηκὼς χρυσοχαλίνων ἵππων τὴν βασιλικὴν ἠμφιεσμένος ἐσθῆτα, ὡς περὶ τοὺς μείζονας θριάμβους νόμος. Ἀκυλλίῳ δὲ τὸν ἐλάττονα θρίαμβον ἀπέδοσαν, ὃν αὐτοὶ καλοῦσιν οὐαστήν: δεδήλωται δέ μοι διὰ τῶν προτέρων, ἣν ἔχει διαφορὰν οὗτος πρὸς τὸν μείζονα:
[9] When the couriers sent by the consuls arrived in Rome, the people were filled with the greatest joy, and they immediately voted sacrifices of thanksgiving for the gods and decreed the honour of a triumph to the consuls, though not the same to both. For as Siccius was thought to have freed the state from the greater fear by destroying the insolent army of the Volscians and killing their general, they granted to him the greater triumph. He accordingly drove into the city with the spoils, the prisoners, and the army that had fought under him, he himself riding in a chariot drawn by horses with golden bridles and being arrayed in the royal robes, as is the custom in the greater triumphs.
[10] καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ὁ ἀνὴρ πεζὸς τὰ λοιπὰ τῆς πο�
�πῆς ἐπαγόμενος. καὶ τὸ ἔτος τοῦτο ἐτελεύτα.
[10] To Aquilius they decreed the lesser triumph, which they call an ovation (I have earlier shown the difference between this and the greater triumph); and he entered the city on foot, bringing up the remainder of the procession. Thus that year ended.
[1] οἱ δὲ παρὰ τούτων τὴν ὑπατείαν παραλαβόντες Πόπλιος Οὐεργίνιος καὶ Σπόριος Κάσσιος τρίτον τότ᾽ ἀποδειχθεὶς ὕπατος, τάς τε πολιτικὰς καὶ τὰς συμμαχικὰς ἀναλαβόντες δυνάμεις ἐξῆγον εἰς τὴν ὕπαιθρον, Οὐεργίνιος μὲν ἐπὶ τὰς Αἰκανῶν πόλεις, Κάσσιος δ᾽ ἐπὶ τὰς Ἑρνίκων τε καὶ Οὐολούσκων, κλήρῳ διαλαχόντες τὰς ἐξόδους. Αἰκανοὶ μὲν οὖν ὀχυρώσαντες τὰς πόλεις καὶ τὰ πλείστου ἄξια ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν ἀνασκευασάμενοι τήν τε γῆν περιεώρων δῃουμένην καὶ τὰς αὐλὰς ἐμπιμπραμένας, ὥστε κατὰ πολλὴν εὐπέτειαν ὁ Οὐεργίνιος ὅσην ἐδύνατο πλείστην αὐτῶν γῆν κείρας τε καὶ λωβησάμενος, ἐπειδὴ οὐδεὶς ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς ἐξῄει μαχούμενος ἀπῆγε τὴν στρατιάν.
[68.1] These consuls were succeeded by Proculus Verginius and Spurius Cassius (the latter being then chosen consul for the third time), who took the field with both the citizen forces and those of the allies. It fell to the lot of Verginius to lead his army against the Aequians and to that of Cassius to march against the Hernicans and the Volscians. The Aequians, having fortified their cities and removed thither out of the country everything that was most valuable, permitted their land to be laid waste and their country-houses to be set on fire, so that Verginius with great ease ravaged and ruined as much of their country as he could, since no one came out to defend it, and then led his army home.
[2] Οὐολοῦσκοι δὲ καὶ Ἕρνικες, ἐφ᾽ οὓς ὁ Κάσσιος ἐστράτευσε, γνώμην μὲν ἐποιήσαντο δῃουμένης τῆς χώρας [p. 229] περιορᾶν καὶ συνέφυγον εἰς τὰς πόλεις: οὐ μὴν ἔμεινάν γ᾽ ἐν τοῖς ἐγνωσμένοις χώρας τ᾽ ἀγαθῆς κειρομένης, ἣν οὐ ῥᾳδίως ἀνακτήσεσθαι ἔτι ἤλπισαν, οἴκτῳ ὑπαχθέντες, καὶ τοῖς ἐρύμασιν οὐ σφόδρα ἐχυροῖς οὖσιν, εἰς ἃ κατεπεφεύγεσαν, ἀπιστοῦντες, ἀλλὰ πρέσβεις ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς τὸν ὕπατον ὑπὲρ καταλύσεως τοῦ πολέμου δεησομένους: Οὐολοῦσκοι μὲν πρότεροι, καὶ θᾶττον οὗτοι τῆς εἰρήνης ἔτυχον ἀργύριόν τε δόντες, ὅσον αὐτοῖς ὁ ὕπατος ἔταξε, καὶ τἆλλα, ὅσων ἔδει τῇ στρατιᾷ, πάντα ὑπηρετήσαντες: καὶ οὗτοι μὲν ὑπήκοοι Ῥωμαίοις ἔσεσθαι ὡμολόγησαν οὐθενὸς ἔτι μεταποιούμενοι τῶν ἴσων.
[2] The Volscians and the Hernicans, against whom Cassius took the field, had resolved to permit their land to be laid waste and had taken refuge in their cities. Nevertheless, they did not persist in their resolution, being overcome with regret at seeing the desolation of a fertile country which they could not expect to restore easily to its former condition, and at the same time distrusting the defences in which they had taken refuge, as these were not very strong; but they sent ambassadors to the consul to sue for a termination of the war. The Volscians were the first to send envoys and they obtained peace the sooner by giving as much money as the consul ordered and furnishing everything else the army needed; and they agreed to become subject to the Romans without making any further claims to equality.
[3] Ἕρνικες δ᾽ ὕστεροι, ἐπειδὴ μεμονωμένους ἑαυτοὺς εἶδον, ὑπὲρ εἰρήνης τε καὶ φιλίας διελέγοντο πρὸς τὸν ὕπατον. ὁ δὲ Κάσσιος πολλὴν κατηγορίαν πρὸς τοὺς πρέσβεις κατ᾽ αὐτῶν διαθέμενος πρῶτον ἔφη δεῖν αὐτοὺς τὰ τῶν κεκρατημένων τε καὶ ὑπηκόων ποιήσαντας, τότε διαλέγεσθαι περὶ φιλίας: τῶν δὲ πρεσβευτῶν εἰπόντων ποιήσειν τὰ δυνατὰ καὶ μέτρια ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοῖς ἀργύριόν τε, ὃ κατ᾽ ἄνδρα τοῖς στρατιώταις εἰς ὀψωνιασμὸν ἔθος ἦν ἓξ μηνῶν δίδοσθαι καὶ διὰ μηνὸς τροφὰς ἀποφέρειν.
[3] After them the Hernicans, seeing themselves isolated, treated with the consul for peace and friendship. But Cassius made many accusations against them to their ambassadors, and said that they ought first to act like men conquered and subjects and then treat for friendship. When the ambassadors agreed to do everything that was possible and reasonable, he ordered them to furnish the amount of money it was customary to give each soldier as pay for six months, as well as provisions for two months; and in order that they might raise these supplies he granted them a truce, appointing a definite number of days for it to run.
[4] ἕως δ᾽ [p. 230] ἂν ταῦτ᾽ εὐπορήσωσι, τάξας τινὰ χρόνον ἡμερῶν ἀνοχὰς αὐτοῖς ἐδίδου τοῦ πολέμου. ὑπηρετησάντων δ᾽ αὐτοῖς ἅπαντα τῶν Ἑρνίκων διὰ τάχους καὶ μετὰ προθυμίας, καὶ τοὺς περὶ τῆς φιλίας διαλεξομένους ἀποστειλάντων αὖθις, ἐπαινέσας αὐτοὺς ὁ Κάσσιος ἀνέπεμψεν ἐπὶ τὴν βουλήν. τοῖς δ᾽ ἐκ τοῦ συνεδρίου πολλὰ βουλευσαμένοις ἔδοξε δέχεσθαι μὲν τοὺς ἄνδρας εἰς φιλίαν, ἐφ᾽ οἷς δὲ γενήσονται δικαίοις αἱ πρὸς αὐτοὺς συνθῆκαι, Κάσσιον τὸν ὕπατον γνῶναί τε καὶ στῆσαι, ὅ τι δ᾽ ἂν ἐκείνῳ δόξῃ, τοῦτ᾽ εἶναι σφίσι κύριον.
[4] When the Hernicans, after supplying them with everything promptly and eagerly, sent ambassadors again to treat for friendship, Cassius commended them and referred them to the senate. The senators after much deliberation resolved to receive this people into their friendship, but as to the terms on which the treaty with them should be made, they voted that Cassius the consul should decide and settle these, and that whatever he approved of should have their sanction.
[1] ταῦτα τῆς βουλῆς ψηφισαμένης ἀναστρέψας εἰς τὴν πόλιν ὁ Κάσσιος θρίαμβον κατάγειν ἠξίου δεύτερον ὡς τὰ μέγιστα τῶν ἐθνῶν κεχειρωμένος, χάριτι μᾶλλον ἁρπάζων τὸ τίμιον ἢ τῷ δικαίῳ λαμβάνων, ὃς οὔτε πόλεις κατὰ κράτος ἑλὼν ἐκ τειχομαχίας, οὔτ᾽ ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ μάχῃ στρατιὰν πολεμίων τρεψάμενος αἰχμάλωτα καὶ σκῦλα, οἷς κοσμεῖται θρίαμβος, ἔμελλε κατάγειν. τοιγάρτοι δόξαν αὐθαδείας καὶ τοῦ μηδὲν ἔτι τῶν ὁμοίων τοῖς ἄλλοις φρονεῖν τοῦτο τὸ ἔργον αὐτῷ πρῶτον φθόνον ἤνεγκε.
[69.1] The senate having passed this vote, Cassius returned to Rome and demanded a second triumph, as if he had subdued the greatest nations, thus attempting to seize the honour as a favour rather than to receive it as a right, since, though he had neither taken any cities by storm nor put to rout an army of enemies in the field, he was of lead home captives and spoils, the adornments of a triumph. A
ccordingly, this action first brought him a reputation for presumption and for no longer entertaining thoughts like those of his fellow citizens.
[2] διαπραξάμενος δὲ τὸν θρίαμβον αὑτῷ δοθῆναι τὰς πρὸς Ἕρνικας ἐξήνεγκεν ὁμολογίας: αὗται δ᾽ ἦσαν ἀντίγραφοι τῶν πρὸς Λατίνους γενομένων, ἐφ᾽ αἷς πάνυ ἤχθοντο οἱ πρεσβύτατοί τε καὶ τιμιώτατοι καὶ δι᾽ ὑποψίας αὐτὸν ἐλάμβανον οὐκ ἀξιοῦντες τῆς ἴσης τιμῆς [p. 231] τοῖς συγγενέσι Λατίνοις τοὺς ἀλλοεθνεῖς Ἕρνικας τυγχάνειν, οὐδὲ τοῖς πολλὰ εὐνοίας ἔργα ἐπιδειξαμένοις τοὺς μηδ᾽ ὁτιοῦν ἀγαθὸν δεδρακότας τῶν αὐτῶν φιλανθρώπων μετέχειν, τῇ τε ὑπεροψίᾳ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀχθόμενοι, ὃς ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς τιμηθεὶς οὐκ ἀντετίμησεν αὐτὴν τοῖς ἴσοις, οὐδὲ μετὰ κοινῆς γνώμης τῶν συνέδρων, ἀλλ᾽ ὡς αὐτῷ ἐδόκει γράψας ἐξήνεγκε τὰς ὁμολογίας.
[2] Then, when he had secured for himself the granting of a triumph, he produced the treaty he had made with the Hernicans, which was a copy of the one that had been made with the Latins. At this the oldest and most honoured of the senators were very indignant and regarded him with suspicion; for they were unwilling that the Hernicans, an alien race, should obtain the same honour as their kinsmen, the Latins, and that those who had done them the least service should be treated with the same kindness as those who had shown them many instances of their goodwill. They were also displeased at the arrogance of the man, who, after being honoured by the senate, had not shown equal honour to that body, but had produced a treaty drawn up according to his own pleasure and not with the general approval of the senate.
Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79) Page 624