Assignment to Hell
Page 54
Cronkite, Walter. A Reporter’s Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996.
Cronkite, Walter, and Don Carleton. Conversations with Cronkite. Austin: Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, 2010.
D’Este, Carlos. World War II in the Mediterranean. New York: Algonquin Books, 1990.
Dunnigan, James F., and Albert A. Nofi. Dirty Little Secrets of World War II. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1994.
Edwards, Bob. Edward R. Murrow and the Birth of Broadcast Journalism. New York: Turning Points/John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
Ellis, John. Brute Force: Allied Strategy and Tactics in the Second World War. New York: Viking, 1990.
Ferrari, Michelle, comp. Reporting America at War. New York: Hyperion, 2003.
Gallez, Gilbert. Château de Vouilly During the Battle of Normandy, June and July 1944. Normandy, France: Self-published, 2009.
Garrison, Gene, with Patrick Gilbert. Unless Victory Comes: Combat with a World War II Machine Gunner in Patton’s Third Army. New York: New American Library, 2004.
Groom, Winston. 1942: The Year That Tried Men’s Souls. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2005.
Hamill, Pete, ed. Liebling: World War II Writings: The Road Back to Paris, Mollie and Other War Pieces, Uncollected War Journalism, Normandy Revisited. New York: Library of America, 2008.
Hamilton, Jim. The Writing 69th: Civilian War Correspondents Accompany a U.S. Bombing Raid on Germany During World War II. Marshfield, MA: Green Harbor Publications, 1999.
Hart, B. H. Liddel. History of the Second World War. New York: DeCapo Press, 1970.
Hohenberg, John. Foreign Correspondence: The Great Reporters and Their Times. New York: Columbia University Press, 1964.
Hutton, Sgt. Bud, and Sgt. Andy Rooney. Air Gunner. New York: Ferris Printing Company, 1944.
Jeffers, H. Paul. Command of Honor. New York: New American Library, 2008.
——. Onward We Charge: The Heroic Story of Darby’s Rangers in World War II. New York: New American Library, 2007.
——. Taking Command: General J. Lawton Collins from Guadalcanal to Utah Beach and Victory in Europe. New York: New American Library, 2009.
Jordan, Jonathan W. Brothers, Rivals, Victors: Eisenhower, Patton, Bradley, and the Partnership That Drove the Allied Conquest in Europe. New York: New American Library, 2011.
Keegan, John. Six Armies in Normandy. New York: Viking Press, 1982.
——. The Battle for History: Re-fighting World War II. New York: Vintage Books, 1996.
——. The Second World War. New York: Viking, 1990.
Kluger, Richard. The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune. New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1986.
Knightley, Phillip. The First Casualty: From the Crimea to Vietnam: The War Correspondent as Hero, Propagandist, and Myth Maker. New York: Harvest Books, 1975.
Landstrom, Russell. The Associated Press News Annual: 1945 (Volume I). New York: Rinehart & Company, 1945.
Liebling, A. J. The Republic of Silence. New York: Harcourt, 1947.
MacDonald, John. Great Battles of World War II. New York: Smithmark, 1986.
Manchester, William. The Glory and the Dream: A Narrative History of America, 1932–1972. New York: Michael Joseph, 1973.
McIntyre, Ben. Operation Mincemeat. New York: Crown, 2010.
McManus, John C. Alamo in the Ardennes: The Untold Story of the American Soldiers Who Made the Defense of Bastogne Possible. New York: New American Library, 2008.
Miller, Donald L. Masters of the Air: America’s Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.
—— (original text by Henry Steele Commager). The Story of World War II. New York: Touchstone, 2011.
Nichols, David, ed. Ernie’s War: The Best of Ernie Pyle’s War Dispatches. New York: Random House, 1986.
Oldfield, Col. Barney. Never a Shot in Anger. Santa Barbara: Capra Press, 1956.
Pogue, Forrest C. Diaries of a World War II Combat Historian. Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press, 2001.
——. George Marshall: Ordeal and Hope, 1939–1942. New York: Viking, 1996.
Pulwers, Jack E. The Press of Battle: The G.I. Reporter and the American People. New York: Ivyhouse Books, 2003.
Remnick, David, ed. Just Enough Liebling. New York: North Point Press, 2004.
Romeiser, John B., ed. Beachhead Don: Reporting the War from the European Theater, 1942–1945. New York: Fordham University Press, 2004.
Rooney, Andrew A. The Fortunes of War. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1962.
Rooney, Andy. My War. New York: Public Affairs, 1995.
Ryan, Cornelius. A Bridge Too Far. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1974.
——. The Longest Day: The Classic Epic of D-Day. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.
Salisbury, Harrison E. A Journey for Our Times. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 1983.
Sevareid, Eric. Not So Wild a Dream. New York: Atheneum, 1976.
Sokolov, Raymond. Wayward Reporter: The Life of A. J. Liebling. New York: Harper & Row Publishing, 1980.
Steinbeck, John. Once There Was a War. New York: Viking, 1958.
Tobin, James. Ernie Pyle’s War: America’s Eyewitness to World War II. New York: The Free Press, 1997.
Voss, Frederick S. Reporting the War: The Journalistic Coverage of World War II. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press for the National Portrait Gallery, 1994.
Wade, Betsy, comp. and ed. Forward Positions: The War Correspondence of Homer Bigart. Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 1992.
Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. The War: An Intimate History. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007.
Wiant, Susan. E. Between the Bylines: A Father’s Legacy. New York: Fordham University Press, 2011.
Willis, Clint, ed. The War: Stories of Life and Death from World War II. New York: Adrenaline, 1999.
Wilmot, Chester. The Struggle for Europe. London: Reprint Society, 1952.
Wouk, Herman. Inside, Outside. Boston, Little, Brown, & Company, Inc., 1985.
Magazines, Journals, Specialty Publications, and Web Sites
The AP World (Associated Press members newsletter)
The AP Inter-Office (Associated Press members newsletter)
Atlantic Monthly
The Blue Pencil (Los Angeles journalism newsletter)
Collier’s
Columbia Journalism Review
Commonweal
Editor & Publisher
Harper’s
Holiday
Life
Literary Digest
Look
McCall’s
Michigan War Studies Review
National Review
New Republic
News Workshop (New York University Department of Journalism newsletter)
Newsweek
New Yorker
The Quill (AP newsletter)
Quill & Quire (Canadian journalism review)
Reader’s Digest
Saturday Evening Post
Saturday Review
The Scene (Colgate University magazine)
Sigma Phi Epsilon Journal
Time
www.airfieldinformationexchange.org
www.ajr.org/article.asp?id=1543
www.ap.org/wallofhonor
www.archive.org/details/battle_of_san_pietro
www.dogfacesoldiers.org
www.history.army.mil
www.history.army.mil/books/WWII/Utah11
www.91stbombardmentgroup.com
www.sanangelotexas.org
www.6thbeachbattalion.org
www.taphilo.com/history/8thaf
www.texasmilitaryforcesmuseum.org/36division/archives.htm
www.303rdbg.com
www.uboat.net
www.warsailors.com
www.westendatwar.org.uk
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenock_Blitz
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Allied_Airborne_Army
Newspape
rs
Albany Times-Union
Atlanta Constitution
Baltimore Afro-American
Baltimore Sun
Boston Globe
Chicago Daily Tribune
Chicago Sun
Chicago Times
Des Moines Register
Detroit News
Kansas City Kansan
Kansas City Star
London Daily Mail (U.K.)
London Times (U.K.)
Los Angeles Times
Manchester Guardian (U.K.)
Miami Herald
Newark Evening News
New York Herald Tribune
New York Times
New York World-Telegram
Oakland Tribune
Philadelphia Bulletin
Philadelphia Inquirer
Providence Journal
San Francisco Chronicle
Seattle Times
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Stars and Stripes
Washington Evening Star
Washington Post
Broadcast
CBS News, producer. Air Power: The Riveting Stories of World War II Air Combat. CBS News series rereleased in 2008; hosted by Walter Cronkite.
——. World War II with Walter Cronkite: War in Europe. CBS News series rereleased in 2003; hosted by Walter Cronkite.
Child, Rob, and Associates, producer. Silent Wings—The American Glider Pilots of World War II. Released in 2007; narrated by Hal Holbrook and featuring Andy Rooney and Walter Cronkite.
Friendly, Fred, producer. D-Day Plus 20 Years. CBS News documentary with General Eisenhower released in 1964; narrated and hosted by Walter Cronkite.
Gable, Clark, producer. Combat America. U.S. Signal Corps documentary, 1943–1944.
Huston, John, director. The Battle of San Pietro. U.S. Signal Corps documentary, 1943–1944.
Layzell, Alastair, producer. City at War: London Calling. Colonial/Independent production released in 2004; narrated by Walter Cronkite.
——. Legacy of War. Colonial/Independent production released in 2007; narrated by Walter Cronkite.
Polin, Daniel B., producer, with Kenneth Mandel, producer and director, and Ken Lewis, director. George Marshall and the American Century. Great Projects Film Company Inc., 1994.
Russell, William D., director, with Bernard Girard, director. You Are There: World War II Begins. CBS News series rereleased in 2004; hosted by Walter Cronkite.
Wellman, William, director, and Lester Cowan, producer. Ernie Pyle’s The Story of G.I. Joe. United Artists, 1945.
Wyler, William, director. The Memphis Belle, U.S. Signal Corps documentary, 1943.
ENDNOTES
AUTHOR’S NOTE
1. Interview with Anthony Lewis at Colleville, July 2011; plus e-mail from Anthony Lewis, August 2011.
PROLOGUE
D-Day for All Their Lives
1. War diary of Major Robert Sheets; plus interviews with Colleen Sheets and e-mails from Sally Sheets Wiggins, 2010–2011.
2. Ibid.
3. 303rd Bomb Group History (www.303rdbg.com/missions.html).
4. Shoo Shoo Baby is not the B-17 Shoo Shoo Shoo Baby (three “Shoos”) that’s on permanent display at the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. A different bomber, Bob Sheets’ Shoo Shoo Baby (two “Shoos”) was scrapped at the end of the war.
5. www.303rdbg.com/missions.html; plus referenced in the documentary Legacy of War.
6. Ibid.
7. Interviews with Andy Rooney, 2010–2011; plus My War, pp. 91–92.
8. Letter from Walter Cronkite to Betsy Maxwell Cronkite, August 20, 1944.
9. Ibid.
10. Letter from Walter to Betsy, July 9, 1944, although it may have been misdated.
11. Walter Cronkite and Don Carleton, Conversations with Cronkite, pp. 51–52.
12. Walter Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 99.
13. Ibid., pp. 88–89.
14. Cronkite Remembers documentary, Discovery Channel, Volume 1.
15. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 78.
16. Letter from Walter to Betsy, February 12, 1944.
17. Various letters from Walter to Betsy, 1943–1944.
18. Sheets’ diary. (Parenthetical note: Billy Southworth, Jr., the son of 1943 St. Louis Cardinals’ manager Billy “The Kid” Southworth, Sr., was a pilot in the 303rd Bomb Group stationed at Molesworth. Small world.)
19. www.303rdbg.com/missions.html.
20. Slang expression used in Cronkite’s letters to Betsy.
21. Cronkite–Salisbury story referenced in Miller, Masters of the Air, p. 139.
22. www.303rdbg.com/missions.html.
23. Miller, Masters of the Air, p. 7.
24. Rooney, My War, pp. 82–85.
25. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 103.
26. Letter from Walter to Betsy, May 14, 1944.
27. Barney Oldfield, Never a Shot in Anger, p. 65.
28. “On maneuvers” was the euphemism used by PROs to describe those correspondents who in the spring of 1944 were assimilated with troops girding for the invasion. It was meant to throw off the enemy in case reporters were under surveillance.
29. Cronkite and Carleton, Conversations, p. 58.
30. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, pp. 103–4.
31. Script notes from producer/writer Mary Dore’s treatment for Cronkite Remembers documentary, Discovery Channel, in Cronkite’s personal papers.
32. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 104.
33. Cronkite and Carleton, Conversations, p. 58.
34. Stephen E. Ambrose, D-Day, p. 241.
35. www.303rdbg.com/missions.html, no. 172.
36. Ibid.
37. Dore notes.
38. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 104.
39. Pete Hamill, ed., Liebling: World War II Writings, p. 476.
40. Ibid., p. 461.
41. Letter from Don Whitehead to Liebling biographer Raymond Sokolov, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
42. Hamill, p. 825.
43. Ibid., p. 827.
44. Ibid., p. 846.
45. Raymond Sokolov, Wayward Reporter: The Life of A. J. Liebling, pp. 163–64.
46. Hamill, p. 460.
47. Sixth Naval Beach Battalion History, www.6thbeachbattalion.org.
48. Hamill, p. 473.
49. Hamill, p. 841.
50. Hamill, p. 474.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid., pp. 474–75.
53. Ibid., pp. 475–76.
54. Interview with Andy Rooney, April 2011.
55. Rooney, My War, p. 146.
56. Rooney, My War, p. 156.
57. Don Whitehead column in AP World, Summer 1947, in Boyle’s personal papers.
58. Letter from Hal Boyle to Frances Boyle, June 9, 1944.
59. Atlanta Constitution, June 9, 1944.
60. Betsy Wade, Forward Positions, pp. xiv–xv.
61. Richard Kluger, The Paper, p. 370.
62. Wade, p. 48; plus New York Herald Tribune, June 6, 1944.
63. Referenced in reviews of Atkinson’s Day of Battle, amazon.com.
64. Eric Sevareid, Not So Wild a Dream, p. 414.
65. Geoff Ward and Ken Burns, The War, p. 207.
66. Hamill, p. 476.
67. Ibid., p. 477.
68. Ibid.
69. Ibid.
70. Ibid., p. 482.
71. Ibid., p. 488.
72. Ibid., p. 489.
73. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 104.
74. Cronkite and Carleton, Conversations, p. 59.
75. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 104.
76. Cronkite interview for CBS News documentary narrated by Charles Kuralt.
77. Cronkite and Carleton, Conversations, pp. 59–60.
78. David Nichols, ed., Ernie’s War, pp. 277–78.
79. AP, Boyle column, July 15, 1944. (Endnotes marked “AP” are clips that come from Boyle’s papers at the Wisconsin Historical So
ciety; they’re carbons of his original pieces. The dates, when available, reflect Boyle’s date of submission, not of publication.)
80. AP, Boyle column, July 5, 1944.
81. Rooney, My War, p. 157.
82. Ibid., pp. 157–58.
83. Ibid., p. 158.
84. Wade, p. 9; plus New York Herald Tribune, February 27, 1943, p. 1.
85. Wade, p. xv.
86. Peter Arnett, Live from the Battlefield, p. 186.
87. AP Inter-Office, article by Ed Kennedy, in Boyle’s personal papers.
88. Cronkite, A Reporter’s Life, p. 99.
89. Rooney, My War, p. 133.
90. Hamill, pp. 822–23.
91. Ibid.
CHAPTER 1
Early Impressions
1. Quoted in Sokolov, p. 20.
2. Hamill, p. 20.
3. David Remnick, Just Enough Liebling, p. xx.
4. Letter from Katherine Sergeant White to Raymond Sokolov, Liebling’s papers, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
5. Referenced in Remnick, p. xvii.
6. Letter from Roy Wilder, Jr., to Raymond Sokolov, Liebling’s papers, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
7. Letter from Katherine Sergeant White.
8. Quoted in Sokolov, p. 9.
9. Ibid., p. 54.
10. Ibid., p. 61.
11. Referenced in Herman Wouk’s novel Inside, Outside.
12. Quoted in Sokolov, p. 135.
13. Ibid., p. 13.
14. Hamill, p. 516.
15. Referenced in Sokolov, p. 15.
16. Taken from photo caption in Wade’s Forward Positions, prior to p. 185.
17. Referenced in Kluger, p. 363.
18. Referenced in Wade, p. xx.
19. Referenced in Kluger, p. 364.
20. Washington Post, November 10, 1935, “Mr. Wolfe Listens,” p. SM10.
21. Quoted in Kluger, p. 364.
22. Rooney, My War, p. 92.
23. Ibid., p. 16.
24. Referenced in a Brian Rooney–Andy Rooney “interview” in The Scene, a Colgate University magazine, Spring 2010, provided by Brian Rooney and Bob Ruthman.
25. Letter from Bob Ruthman to author, July 22, 2010.
26. Ruthman letter.
27. Interview with Bob Ruthman, April 2010.
28. Rooney, My War, p. 32.
29. Newark News, January 24, 1944.
30. Newsweek, November 19, 1957.
31. Quoted in photo caption, Boyle’s Help, Help!, opposite p. 64.
32. AP Boyle column, believed to be June 17, 1943.
33. Ibid.
34. Article by Don Whitehead, AP World, Summer Issue 1947.