Mark Griffin
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8 Ibid.; Christopher Finch, Rainbow: The Stormy Life of Judy Garland (New York: Ballantine Books, 1975).
9 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
10 John Fricke, interview with author.
11 George Stevens Jr., Conversations with the Great Moviemakers of Hollywood’s Golden Age at the American Film Institute (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006).
12 John Fricke, interview with author.
13 Fordin, The World of Entertainment.
14 Richard Barrios, interview with author.
15 Vincente Minnelli, interview with Cahiers du Cinéma, quoted in Fordin, The World of Entertainment.
16 Alvin Yudkoff, Gene Kelly: A Life of Dance and Dreams (New York: Back Stage Books, 1999), 182.
17 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
14. “I AM MADAME BOVARY”
1 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
2 Ibid.
3 Ibid.
4 Drew Casper, interview with author.
5 Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part I, Chapter 9.
6 Drew Casper, interview with author.
7 Richard Schickel, The Men Who Made the Movies (New York: Atheneum, 1975); Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part I, Chapter 8.
8 Miklos Rozsa, Double Life: The Autobiography of Miklos Rozsa (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1982).
9 Time, August 15, 1949.
10 John Fitzpatrick, interview with author.
11 Bosley Crowther, “Movie Review: Madame Bovary (1949),” New York Times, August 26, 1949.
12 “There’ll Always Be an Encore,” McCall’s, January 1964; Gerald Clarke, Get Happy: The Life of Judy Garland (New York: Random House, 2000).
15. “A FEW WORDS ABOUT WEDDINGS …”
1 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
2 Richard Schickel, The Men Who Made the Movies (New York: Atheneum, 1975).
3 Carleton Carpenter, interview with author.
4 Russ Tamblyn, interview with author.
5 Ellis Amburn, The Most Beautiful Woman in the World: The Obsessions, Passions and Courage of Elizabeth Taylor (New York: Cliff Street Books, 2000).
6 Box Office, May 13, 1950; Otis L. Guernsey Jr., “On the Screen,” May 19, 1950.
7 Beth Genne, interview with author.
8 Esme Chandlee, interview with author.
9 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
10 Ibid.; Tom Donnelly, “Vincente Minnelli: ‘I Remember It Well,’” Washington Post, August 11, 1974.
16. THE TIME IN HIS MIND
1 Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
2 Deena Rosenberg, Fascinating Rhythm: The Collaboration of George and Ira Gershwin (New York: Dutton, 1991).
3 Donald Knox, The Magic Factory: How MGM Made An American in Paris (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1973).
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 Nina Foch, interview with author.
7 “Who Could Ask for Anything More? Michael Feinstein in Conversation with Saul Chaplin,” liner notes interview included with The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack of An American in Paris, Turner Classic Movies Music/Rhino Movie Music, 1996.
8 Knox, The Magic Factory.
9 Album jacket for the CBS Records release of Gershwin: An American in Paris, 1981.
10 Knox, The Magic Factory.
11 Ibid.
12 Marian Horosko, interview with author, 2008.
13 Ibid.
14 Nina Foch, interview with author.
15 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974); Rose Pelswick, “One of the Best Ever Made,” New York Journal American, October 5, 1951.
16 Mason Wiley and Damien Bona, Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (New York: Ballantine Books, 1986).
17 Saul Chaplin, The Golden Age of Movie Musicals and Me (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994).
18 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
19 Liza Minnelli, on-camera interview on Biography: Liza Minelli; A&E series, originally aired June 11, 2004.
20 Candice Bergen, Knock Wood (New York: Linden Press/Simon and Schuster, 1984).
21 Nina Foch, interview with author.
22 Associated Press, December 21, 1950.
23 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
24 Judy: Beyond the Rainbow, documentary initially broadcast on the A&E Network, 1997, produced by John Fricke.
25 Stone Widney, interview with author.
26 Richard Bernstein, “Hollywood-on-the-Wire,” Independent Film Journal, October 6, 1951.
27 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
28 “Party Protests Blackface Scenes,” Associated Press, September 29, 1951.
29 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
30 Marge Champion, interview with author.
31 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
32 Marge Champion, interview with author.
33 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
34 Farley Granger, interview with author.
35 John Angelo, interview with author.
36 Farley Granger, interview with author.
17. TRIBUTE TO A BAD MAN
1 John Houseman, Front and Center (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983).
2 Sam Staggs, Close-Up on Sunset Boulevard (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2002), 164.
3 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
4 Kirk Douglas, interview with author.
5 Houseman, Front and Center.
6 Lana Turner, Lana: The Lady, the Legend, the Truth (New York: Dutton, 1982).
7 Houseman, Front and Center.
8 Peggy King, interview with author.
9 Tom Shales, “The Magic of Minnelli,” Washington Post, July 28, 1986.
10 Sir Gerald Kaufman, interview with author.
11 David Raksin’s comments are from his liner notes for the recording David Raksin Conducts His Great Film Scores: Laura, The Bad and the Beautiful and Forever Amber, RCA Records, 1976.
12 Josh Rosenfield, review of The Bad and the Beautiful, Dallas Morning News, n.d.
18. NEW SUN IN THE SKY
1 Betty Comden, interview with author.
2 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974); Betty Comden, interview with author.
3 Nanette Fabray, interview with author.
4 James Mitchell, interview with author.
5 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
6 Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
7 Pauline Kael, 5001 Nights at the Movies (New York: Henry Holt, 1991).
8 Michael Feinstein, audio commentary for Warner Home Entertainment DVD edition of The Band Wagon, 2005 (film originally released in 1953).
9 Jim Brochu, Lucy in the Afternoon: An Intimate Memoir of Lucille Ball (New York: William Morrow, 1990).
10 Perry Sheehan Adair, interview with author.
11 Richard Barrios, interview with author.
12 Time, February 22, 1954.
19. ALMOST LIKE BEING IN LOVE
1 Harrison Carroll, “Behind the Scenes in Hollywood,” Los Angeles Herald Express, December 24, 1953.
2 Brooks Atkinson, New York Times, March 14, 1947 (reviewing the Broadway stage version of Brigadoon).
3 Tony Martin and Cyd Charisse, as told to Dick Kleiner, The Two of Us (New York: Mason/Charter, 1976).
4 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
5 Michael Maule, interview with author.
6 Van Johnson, in the documentary MGM: When the Lion Roars (1992). A DVD version was released by Warner Home Video in 2009.
7 Stone Widney, interview with author.
8 Beth Genne, interview with author.
9 Farley Granger, interview with author.
20. COBWEBS
1 Philip K. Scheuer, “Drama: MGM in New Whack at ‘Green Mansions,’” Los Angeles Times, October 29, 1953.
2 Letter from Alan Jay Lerner to Arthur Freed, February 9, 1954, from the Arthur Freed Collection, University of Southern California Cinema Television Library.
3 Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
4 Time magazine office memorandum, from Jim Lebenthal to George Nichols, May 10, 1954, contained in the Arthur Freed Collection, University of Southern California Cinema Television Library.
5 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
6 Richard Schickel, The Men Who Made the Movies (New York: Atheneum, 1975).
7 William Gibson, interview with author.
8 John Houseman, Front and Center (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983).
9 William Gibson, interview with author.
10 Houseman, Front and Center.
11 Minnelli, I Remember It Well; Houseman, Front and Center.
12 Schickel, The Men Who Made the Movies.
13 William Gibson, interview with author.
14 Lauren Bacall, interview with author.
15 William Gibson, interview with author.
16 Houseman, Front and Center.
17 William Gibson, interview with author.
21. STRANGER IN PARADISE
1 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
2 Howard Keel, with Joyce Spizer, Only Make Believe: My Life in Show Business (Fort Lee, NJ: Barricade Books, 2005).
3 Ibid.
4 Don Bachardy, interview with author.
5 Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
6 Hank Moonjean, interview with author.
7 Nita Bieber, interview with author.
8 Keel, Only Make Believe.
9 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
10 Wendy Leigh, Liza: Born a Star (New York: Dutton, 1993).
11 Ibid.
22. MAELSTROMS AND MADMEN
1 Jan Hulsker, Vincent and Theo van Gogh: A Dual Biography (Ann Arbor, MI: Fuller Technical Publications, 1990).
2 Letter from Vincent van Gogh to Theo van Gogh, August 17, 1883, available online at http://www.webexhibits.org/vangogh/letter/12/312.htm?qp=fear.shyness.
3 Norman Corwin, interview with author.
4 John Houseman, Front and Center (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983).
5 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
6 Ibid.; Adrian Turner, “An American in London,” The Guardian, July 19, 1980.
7 Norman Corwin, interview with author.
8 Ibid.; Houseman, Front and Center.
9 Anthony Quinn, The Original Sin: A Self-Portrait (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972).
10 Kirk Douglas, interview with author.
11 Alice Hughes, “B’way Hails Minnelli as New Master,” New York American, January 4, 1937.
12 The Celluloid Closet, documentary, directed by Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman, produced by Bernie Brillstein, Sony Pictures, 1995.
13 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
14 Quoted in Mason Wiley and Damien Bona, Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (New York: Ballantine Books, 1986).
15 Unpublished notes for Vincente Minnelli’s autobiography, archived in the Minnelli collection at the Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Beverly Hills, California.
23. SISTER BOY
1 Robert Anderson, interview with Mike Wood, February 22, 1994, William Inge Center for the Arts, available at http://www.ingecenter.org/interviews/robertandersontext.htm; Richard Dyer, on-camera remarks in The Celluloid Closet, documentary, directed by Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman, produced by Bernie Brillstein, Sony Pictures, 1995.
2 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
3 Eric Braun, Deborah Kerr (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1977).
4 Thomas M. Pryor, “Hollywood Clicks: MGM Solves Its ‘Tea and Sympathy’ Script Problem,” New York Times, September 25, 1955.
5 Letter from Deborah Kerr to Vincente Minnelli, January 24, archived in the Minnelli collection at the Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Beverly Hills, California. (No year is given, but it was more than likely 1956.)
6 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
7 Ibid.
8 Jack Larson, interview with author.
9 Darryl Hickman, interview with author.
10 Don Burnett, interview with author.
11 Darryl Hickman, interview with author.
12 Telegram from Pandro S. Berman to Arthur Loew (of Loew’s Inc.), September 5, 1956.
13 Interoffice MGM memo from Vincente Minnelli to Pandro Berman, September 6, 1956.
14 William K. Zinsser, “Screen: ‘Tea and Sympathy,’” New York Herald Tribune, September 28, 1956.
15 Justin Gilbert, “Justin Gilbert’s Movies: ‘Tea and Sympathy’ Is Fine on Film,” Daily Mirror, September 28, 1956; Leo Mishkin, “Screen Reviews: Weakened ‘Tea,’ but Still Moving,” Morning Telegram, September 28, 1956.
16 Braun, Deborah Kerr.
17 David Gerstner, interview with author.
18 David Gerstner, “The Production and Display of the Closet: Making Minnelli’s Tea and Sympathy,” in Vincente Minnelli: The Art of Entertainment, edited by Joe McElhaney (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2009), 275-294.
19 Peter Lehman, Marilyn Campbell, and Grant Munro, “Two Weeks in Another Town: An Interview with Vincente Minnelli,” Wide Angle 3, no. 1 (1979).
24. “THERE’LL BE SOME CHANGES MADE”
1 David Chierichetti, interview with author.
2 Lauren Bacall, By Myself (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1979).
3 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
4 Gary Fishgall, Gregory Peck: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 2002).
5 Lauren Bacall, interview with author.
6 Stephen Harvey, Directed by Vincente Minnelli (New York: Harper and Row, 1989).
7 William Gibson, interview with author.
8 “Cinema: The New Pictures,” Time, April 1, 1957.
9 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
10 Review of The Seventh Sin, Cue magazine, n.d.
25. UNACCEPTABLE, OBJECTIONABLE, AND UNCLEAN
1 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
2 Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
3 Fordin, The World of Entertainment.
4 Alan Jay Lerner, The Street Where I Live (New York: W. W. Norton, 1978).
5 Leslie Caron, on-camera interview for the Warner Video/Turner Entertainment documentary Thank Heaven! The Making of Gigi, 2008.
6 Lerner, The Street Where I Live.
7 Hank Moonjean, interview with author.
8 Ibid.
9 Monique Van Vooren, interview with author.
10 Hank Moonjean, interview with author.
11 Wendy Leigh, Liza: Born a Star (New York: Dutton, 1993).
12 Fordin, The World of Entertainment.
13 Ibid.
14 MGM: When the Lion Roars (1992). A DVD version was released by Warner Home Video in 2009.
15 Lerner, The Street Where I Live.
16 Ibid.
17 Stone Widney, interview with author.
18 Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
26. A GLITTERING TIARA
1 Alexander Walker, Fatal Charm: The Life of Rex Harrison (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1992).
2 Angela Lansbury, interview with author.
3 Ibid.
4 Stars and Stripes, May 5, 1958.
5 News Brief (Lima, Ohio), January 3, 1958.
27. SOME CAME RUNNING
1 Shirley MacLaine, My Lucky Stars: A Hollywood Memoir (New York: Bantam Books, 1995).
2 Peter Woodburn, interview with author.
3 MacLaine, My Lucky Stars.
4 Ibid.
5 Martha Hyer Wallis, Finding My Way: A Hollywood Memoir (New York: HarperCollins, 1990).
6 Denny Miller, interview with author.
7 Ibid.
8 Richard Schickel, The Men Who Made the Movies (New York: Atheneum, 1975).
9 Joe McElhaney, interview with author.
28. “MINNELLI’S TEXAS”
1 Unpublished notes for Vincente Minnelli’s autobiography, archived in the Minnelli collection at the Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
2 Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974); Harriet Frank Jr., interview with author.
3 Harriet Frank Jr., interview with author.
4 George Hamilton, interview with author, 2008.
5 Ibid.
6 Ibid.
7 George Hamilton and William Stadiem, Don’t Mind if I Do (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008); Minnelli, I Remember It Well.
8 George Hamilton, interview with author, 2008.
9 Mark Shivas, “Minnelli’s Method,” Movie (London), June 1962.
10 David Siegel and Scott McGehee, “Hysteria,” Sight and Sound 33.
11 Philip T. Hartung, “The Screen,” Commonweal 71, no. 25 (March 1960).
29. BETTER THAN A DREAM
1 Betty Comden, interview with author.
2 Gavin Lambert, On Cukor (New York: Rizzoli International, 2000).
3 Brooks Atkinson, “Theatre: ‘Bells Are Ringing’ for Judy Holliday,” New York Times, November 30, 1956, 18.
4 Letter to Betty Comden from Arthur Freed, quoted in Hugh Fordin, The World of Entertainment: Hollywood’s Greatest Musicals (New York: Doubleday, 1975).
5 Jon Whitcomb, “Judy and the ‘Bells,’” Cosmopolitan, February 1960.
6 Ibid.
7 Gary Carey, Judy Holliday: An Intimate Life Story (New York: Seaview Books, 1982); Vincente Minnelli, with Hector Arce, I Remember It Well (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974).
8 Bosley Crowther, “Screen: It’s All Holliday,” New York Times, June 24, 1960.
9 MGM press release, “‘Bells’ Tops Million Mark at Radio City Music Hall,” August 3, 1960.
30. APOCALYPSE