The Railways

by Simon Bradley

  p. 410 Leeds Hunslet East: Holmes, 35.

  p. 410 post-war Attlee government: Gourvish 2, 92–6, 137.

  p. 411 Ernest Marples: Moran 1, 26–7, 40.

  p. 412–13 an advisory group; two North Wales branch lines; One-third of the 4,300 stations: Gourvish 2, 300–309; 278; 401.

  p. 413 between Liverpool and Southport: MR, Mar. 1965, 149.

  p. 414 ‘History remembers the Black Death’: Gourvish 2, 436.

  p. 414 some clear-eyed diagnoses: Beeching, 10–11.

  p. 414 Dr Beeching’s attitude to freight: Gourvish 2, 426–9.

  p. 414 less than one ton per wagon: Hardy, 81.

  p. 414 apple-growers: MR, Dec. 1964, 420.

  p. 414–5 merry-go-round (MGR) trains; Freightliner: Gourvish 2, 489–90; 492–3.

  p. 415 The Felixstowe branch: MR, Nov. 2011, 16.

  p. 415 wagonload traffic: Gourvish 2, 493.

  p. 416 size of the lorries: Boyes.

  p. 416 Speedlink; TOPS; abandoned in 1991: Gourvish 1, 94; 93–4; 284–5.

  p. 417 ‘A Square Deal’: Bagwell and Lyth, 82.

  p. 417 around 35 per cent: Gourvish 3, 156.

  p. 417 By the early 1870s: Gourvish 2, 1.

  p. 417 size and turnover: Arnold and McCartney, 56.

  p. 418 Huskisson goods station: Kellett 1, 85.

  p. 418 ‘collusive oligopoly’: Milne and Laing, 27.

  p. 419 Isle of Axholme: Oates, 7.

  p. 419 the resulting decline: Bonavia, i, 49.

  p. 419 81 per cent: Gourvish 2, 2.

  p. 419 Mid-Suffolk Light Railway: Comfort, 17, 27, 37, 73.

  p. 420 line through the Grampians: Vallance, 37–8.

  p. 420–1 2,753 items; 20 million: Kirby, 31; 32.

  p. 422 stock of items purchased; enthusiasm for statistics: Williamson, 181; 5, 184–7.

  p. 422 colder-eyed account: Hewison, 31–5.

  p. 423 paid out as a dividend: Semmens, ii, 92.

  Chapter 14: Managing

  p. 426 new class of professional manager: Robbins 3, 147–60.

  p. 426–7 Huish’s railway career; management and direction; Huish’s own style: Gourvish 3, 50–54; 61–4; 110–16, 257.

  p. 427 double-account system: Jones, E., 52.

  p. 428 St Andrews Railway: RHR, xv, 129.

  p. 428 George Hudson: Wolmar 2, 97–103.

  p. 429 His last journey: York Herald, 23 Dec. 1871, 10.

  p. 429 Lionel Redpath: Robbins 3, 139–43; Griffiths, iii, 352–3.

  p. 429 ‘as many dresses’: Manchester Times, 22 Nov. 1856.

  p. 430 William Welch Deloitte: Jones, E., 52.

  p. 430 modern profession of accountancy: Gourvish and O’Day, 31.

  p. 430 Edwin Waterhouse: Jones, E., 50–55, 81.

  p. 431 total paid-up capital: Perkin, 177.

  p. 431 joint auditor: Jones, E., 134–5.

  p. 432 Sir Francis Head: Head, 136–43.

  p. 433 demurrage charges; three-link couplings: Bagwell 1, 72–3, 189–90.

  p. 433 the private British coal wagon: Simmons 1, 208.

  p. 433 2,100 clerks: Williams 2, 310–12.

  p. 433 around 14 per cent: Smith, D. N., 58.

  p. 434 number of oversize sheets: Bray, 207.

  p. 435 public and parliamentary opinion: Kirby, 29.

  p. 435 Norfolk & Suffolk Joint Railway: Allen 1, 64–5.

  p. 435 twenty-five separate joint concerns: Simmons and Biddle, 240–41.

  Chapter 15: At the Station

  p. 439 ‘a yacht in full sail’: Betjeman 2, 278.

  p. 439 an estimated 90 per cent: information from John Minnis, Historic England.

  p. 439 at Rothwell in Yorkshire: Holmes, 9.

  p. 440 grain warehouse: Hunter and Thorne, 94–100.

  p. 441 hydraulic accumulator; Hydraulic mains: McNeil, 67–9, 98–108.

  p. 441 loaded with Burton ale: Simmons 4, 37.

  p. 443 from Armstrong’s Tyneside works: Brindle, 130–31.

  p. 443 Nine Elms: Richards and Mackenzie, 163; Betjeman 1, 78.

  p. 444 Durham’s first station: Fawcett, 145–7.

  p. 444 original Manchester terminus: Fitzgerald, pp. 33–6.

  p. 445 Manchester had surrendered: Kellett 1, 290.

  p. 445 stations operated at various times: Pevsner et al., 175; Allen 1, 29; Simmons 5, 31; Walker, 121.

  p. 445 acknowledged places: Thomas, R. G. H. 1, 128.

  p. 445 station at Liverpool Road: Fitzgerald, 53–8; ‘A Tourist’, 28.

  p. 446 Railway platforms: Essery, 70.

  p. 447 concrete platform-edge slabs: Chapman, 248.

  p. 447 ‘Harrington hump’: RM, Aug. 2009, 78.

  p. 447 one in eight: Essery, 70.

  p. 447 Corus Infrastructure Services: Corus brochure, 2008.

  p. 448 ‘one-sided’ station: Vaughan 3, 21, 146.

  p. 448 changing platforms at Nuneaton: Leeds Mercury, 11 Apr. 1868.

  p. 450 Sidcup station: Kidner 1, 15.

  p. 451 cheap government loans: Semmens, ii, 33, 41.

  p. 451 Carnforth was selected: Pettigrew, 72.

  p. 452 Clapham again provides: Faulkner, 23.

  p. 453 The first London terminus: Jackson, A. 2, 38.

  p. 453 East Suffolk line: MR, Mar. 1964, 162; Gourvish 2, 435.

  p. 454 Keighley & Worth Valley line: Trains Illustrated, Feb. 1956, 48.

  p. 454 got himself sacked: Wolmar 2, 285.

  p. 455 keen on halts: Peacock, 58–62.

  p. 455 Paragon Anti-Vandal Shelter: www.macemainamstad.com/products/shelters/paragon-anti-vandal-shelter.

  p. 456 ‘neater and cheaper’: Minnis, 26.

  p. 456 Birmingham, Wolverhampton & Dudley: Simmons 5, 66.

  p. 457 stationmaster at Blake Hall: Glancey, 4.

  p. 457 Stations of similar design: National Heritage List 141233, Clare Station.

  p. 458 aftermath of the Beeching cuts: Jennings, 37–9.

  p. 459 its own nursery: Simmons 5, 260.

  p. 459 Kinross station: Dickinson, W. E., 119.

  p. 459 Scottish companies: MP, 12 Oct. 1853; Stirling Observer, 10 Oct. 1861.

  p. 459 prizes for station gardens: London Standard, 21 July 1884.

  p. 459 one-armed stationmaster-gardener: Western Mail, 2 Sept. 1893.

  p. 459 Sharp horticultural practice: Quinn, 42–3.

  p. 459 Midsomer Norton: Atthill and Nock, 111.

  p. 460 ‘broken only by the crunching’: Betjeman 2, 125.

  p. 460 Mr Purdie at Linton: Jennings, 37.

  p. 460 J. Thornton Burge: David Turner, ‘The Man with a Gold Cap’, turniprail.blogspot.co.uk, 16 May 2011.

  p. 461 Henry Edward Hawker: Hawker, 106–7, 118–19.

  p. 461 Among the early drop-outs: Gerin, 179–81, 187–94, 203.

  p. 462 ‘rude wooden hut’: Grundy, 75.

  p. 463 station at Adlestrop: Leigh 1, 120–24; Leigh 2, 198.

  p. 463 Damems: RHR, viii (1984 edn), 115.

  p. 463 first station at Paddington: Doyle, 45.

  p. 464 a right way and a wrong way: RTHB, 57–8.

  p. 464 Access to the platform: Quick, 44.

  p. 465 Auguste Perdonnet: Schivelbusch, 211.

  p. 465 ‘with your nose against the window’: MP, 8 Nov. 1865.

  p. 465 set up ticket barriers: Bucks Herald, 11 June 1842.

  p. 465 popular outcry: Bath Chronicle, 30 June 1842.

  p. 466 traveller on the Eastern Union: Ipswich Journal, 27 July 1850.

  p. 466 Norwich’s main station: Norfolk Chronicle, 16 and 23 Oct. 1858.

  p. 466 standard price of one penny: Mander, 176.

  p. 466 fraudulent wartime travel: Gregory, 180–81.

  p. 466 valid for one hour: Bray, 199.

  p. 466 Extra-long souvenir tickets: RM, June 1962, 504.

  p. 467 ‘one of the last penny facilities’: RM, Feb. 1958, 73.

  p. 467 Lord Fiske: The Times, 15 Feb. 1971.

  p. 468 ‘the sh
ining bell’: ‘The Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices’, HW, 3 Oct. 1857.

  p. 468 unimpressive buildings at Oxford: Vaughan 3, 81–8.

  p. 469 George Townsend Andrews; station at Malton: Fawcett, 167, 172–3; 148.

  p. 469 a single big hall: Meeks, 78–9.

  p. 470 Carpeted floors: Thomas, J. 1, i, 174.

  p. 470 terminus at Bath: Bath Chronicle, 5 Aug. 1869.

  p. 470 Leuchars: Fife Herald, 15 Feb. 1866.

  p. 470 Portsmouth Chamber of Commerce: Portsmouth Evening News, 22 June 1894.

  p. 470 Alfred Cole Adams: Building News, 12 Feb. 1886.

  p. 471 a radio talk in 1940: Betjeman 2, 123.

  p. 473 Great Western’s station at Swindon: MacDermot, i, 152–6, 643–4; ii, 407–9.

  p. 473 The finishes in first class: Cattell and Falconer, 38–40; Quick, 58.

  p. 474 Windsor Bar: Minnis, 182–3.

  p. 474 faience-lined refreshment room: Addyman and Fawcett, 105.

  p. 474 midway stop at Wolverton: Black’s Picturesque Tourist and Road and Railway Guide Book (1850), 202.

  p. 475 Anglo-Scottish travellers: Simmons 5, 354.

  p. 475 waiters or pot-boys: Girouard, 25–42.

  p. 475 newspaper report in 1879: Portsmouth Evening News, 5 Apr. 1879.

  p. 475 ‘Be very careful’: The Odd Fellow, 24 Apr. 1841.

  p. 475 such bad roasted corn: Rolt 2, 186–7.

  p. 475 ‘Railway tea is liquid nausea’: Sheffield Daily Telegraph, 28 Oct. 1865.

  p. 476 ‘brown hot water’: ATYR, 24 Mar. 1860.

  p. 476 dilapidated tea urns: Dolby, 438.

  p. 476 the contingent at Wolverton: Head, 87–9.

  p. 476 ‘supercilious complacency’: PMG, 5 Oct. 1868.

  p. 476 ‘glossy hair and neat attire’: ‘Why?’, HW, 1 Mar. 1856.

  p. 477 an incident at Rugby: Dolby, 29–31.

  p. 477 growing empire of leases: PMG, 11 June 1888.

  p. 478 two hotels rather: Simmons 3, 202.

  p. 478 Brunel’s facilities at Swindon: Baxter, 381–2.

  p. 478 station at Hull: Fawcett, 139–42.

  p. 478 Great Western Royal Hotel: Simmons 3, 203.

  p. 479 Midland Grand Hotel: Simmons 4, 54–75.

  p. 479 ‘approximate draw’: McKean, 323–8.

  p. 479 Almost every large British city: Simmons 3, 205.

  p. 480 Communist Party of Great Britain: Jackson, A. 2, 176.

  p. 480 Sir William Towle: Carter, O., 86–7.

  p. 480 ‘tropical’ level of warmth: Priestley, 255.

  p. 480 total of £5,758,836: Simmons 3, 206.

  p. 480 Queen’s Hotel: Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, 27 July 1937.

  p. 481 early into the field: Simmons 3, 205, 215.

  p. 481 Morecambe: Guise and Brook, 2–8, 16–46.

  p. 482 enthusiasm for golf: Simmons 3, 206.

  p. 482 Cruden Bay: Jackson, D., 39.

  p. 482 Old Course Hotel: Gourvish 2, 524.

  p. 483 thirteen lineside stations: Minnis, 16.

  p. 483 two standard types: Leigh 1, 15, 20–23.

  p. 484 ‘taut and suave’: Nairn and Pevsner, 188.

  p. 485 built at the Liverpool end: Saint, 108.

  p. 485 primal type of iron train shed: Fawcett, 113–14, 133–5.

  p. 486 King’s Cross: Hunter and Thorne, 60–64.

  p. 487 St Enoch terminus: Minnis, 64–5.

  p. 488 Gare du Nord: Saint, 121–3.

  p. 488 Only at Waterloo: Jackson, A. 2, 229–40.

  p. 489 Painful echoes from Euston: Richards, 216–17.

  p. 489 his previous meeting: Tristram Hunt, Britain in their Sites, BBC Radio 4, 31 May 2009.

  p. 489 ‘two indifferent Renoirs’: Stamp 2, 10.

  p. 490 electrification released valuable tracts: Parissien, 147–8, 155–62.

  Chapter 16: Information and Image

  p. 491n scholarly scrutiny: Thomas, E., 176–7.

  p. 492 anonymous until 1933: Western Morning News, 8 Sept. 1933.

  p. 492 fatal misidentification: Quick, 46.

  p. 492 Arthur Hugh Clough: Clough, vi,11. 60–61.

  p. 492 Baedeker’s guide: Baedeker’s Great Britain (1887), xx.

  p. 492 Cuthbert Bede: Bede, 3, ch. 1.

  p. 493 first such loudspeakers: Semmens, ii, 43.

  p. 493 ‘Deedcoate’: Wilson, A. N. 1, 163.

  p. 493 punch cards: RW, Sept. 1969, 413.

  p. 493 27-inch television screen: RM, Feb. 1962, 136.

  p. 494 American visitor: Dorsey, 16.

  p. 495 schematic images: Maxwell, i, 72.

  p. 495 Chester & Holyhead; Benjamin Baugh: Nevett, 122; 92.

  p. 496 best suited to branded products: Eley, 129.

  p. 496 ‘dirty platform’: Bennett.

  p. 496 ‘The dreary drip’: Nevett, 91–2.

  p. 496 ‘iron jelloids’: quoted Morgan, 243.

  p. 496 Jolly Fisherman: Edelstein, 73.

  p. 497 ‘No. 251’: Nock, 117.

  p. 497 Union Terrace Gardens: Brogden, 89.

  p. 497 ‘pills and soaps’: Beerbohm 2, 243.

  p. 497 area of visual calm: MP, 28 Nov. 1895.

  p. 497 SCAPA: Nevett, 117–18, 127–8.

  p. 498 Frank Pick: Green, 9; Taylor, S., 184–5.

  p. 498 Charles Holden: Barson, 54–6.

  p. 499 internal report for the Metropolitan: Wilson, C., 316.

  p. 499 New Southern stations: Stamp 1, 31–4.

  p. 499 Wirral route: Anderson and Fox, pls 295–303.

  p. 500 ‘Hawkseye’ nameboards: Stamp 1, 38.

  p. 500 ‘shirt-button’ logo: Semmens, ii, 26.

  p. 500 ‘new and hideous monogram’: Betjeman 2, 126.

  p. 500 Gill’s first love: Gill, 73–4.

  p. 500 the great typographer: Barker, 268.

  p. 500 ‘something like riding’: Legg, 172.

  p. 502 Archdeacon of Lincoln: The Times, 11 and 16 June 1948.

  p. 502 colour coding: Haresnape 2, 168.

  p. 503 Regional colour-coding had been relaxed: Trains Illustrated, June 1961, 352.

  p. 503 tally of rebuilt stations; older stations were facelifted: MR, Oct. 1962, 249; 252–5.

  p. 503 Timetables for all regions: Design, Mar. 1963, 21.

  p. 503 BR’s new uniforms: ibid., 64–5; The Times, 25 Feb. 1964.

  p. 503 entirely new corporate image: Haresnape 1, 121.

  p. 503 XP64: RM, Nov. 1964, 350.

  p. 504 The double arrow: www.testpressing.org/2011/08/british-rail-logo-design-research-unit-gerry-barney.

  p. 504 Richard ‘Jock’ Kinneir: Moran 1, 62–8; Haresnape 1, 119–22.

  p. 506 Danish State Railways: MR, May 1979, 198.

  p. 506 ‘self-righteous little platform “buildings”’: Lloyd and Insall, 48.

  p. 506 CLASP stations: Wikeley and Middleton, 131–7; RW, Feb. 1970, 86.

  p. 507n London Overground: Harris, K., 497.

  p. 508 BRUTE trolleys: Gourvish 2, 561.

  p. 509 Liverpool Street: Derbyshire.

  Chapter 17: Enthusiasm

  p. 510 Dr Richard Beeching: Guardian, 2 Apr. 1962.

  p. 510 The Bluebell’s line: RM, Apr. 1962, 223–30.

  p. 511 Titfield Thunderbolt: Carter, I. 2, 255.

  p. 511 Talyllyn Railway: Rolt 3, 49–53.

  p. 512 Harold Macmillan M.P.: Thorpe, 666.

  p. 512 ‘The regimental system’: Gourvish 2, 571.

  p. 512 shedmaster from Norwich: Rolt 3, 115–16.

  p. 513 article by Derek Hanson: RW, May 1969, 244–6.

  p. 513 A lively correspondence: RW, Sept. 1969, 416; Nov. 1969, 511.

  p. 513 the Victorian and Edwardian past: Powers 1.

  p. 514 ‘the apparatus of transport’: Kellett 2, 93.

  p. 514 ‘brave days of old’: The Times, 20 May 1892.

  p. 515 ‘Cuckoo Valley Railway’: Carter, I., 252–3.

  p. 515 earliest surviving edition: Smith, G. R., 3
5.

  p. 515 Race to the North: McKean, 308–16.

  p. 515 Rev. Victor Whitechurch: Carter, I., 182.

  p. 515 Lord Monkswell: Obituary, The Times, 16 Jan. 1964.

  p. 515 G. A. Sekon: RM, Mar. 2010, 35–6.

  p. 517 books, jigsaws, board games: Whitehouse and St John Thomas, 145–54.

  p. 517 ‘Premier Line’: Ellis, C. H. 7, 20.

  p. 517 ‘lighter and more artistic shades’: RMM, 45.

  p. 517 ‘The efforts of a score’: Tuplin, preface.

  p. 518 ‘A chimney to a locomotive’: Dow, iii, 124.

  p. 518 ‘the faultless engine’: Ellis, C. H. 1, 19.

  p. 518 ‘hideous Americanised progeny’: quoted MR, Aug. 1977, 332.

  p. 518–20 Hoping to foster West Country tourism; ‘world speed record holder’; ‘bearing the name’: Walton, 11; 12; 5.

  p. 520 fourteen-year-old Londoner: RM, Aug. 2014, 48–9.

  p. 520 ‘young Berkshire diarist’: Clifford, 206.

  p. 521 A. C. Perryman: Perryman, 8–10, 13, 32.

  p. 521 details of engines in service: RM, Aug. 2014, 49–52.

  p. 522 One labour-saving dodge: information from Mr Martin Bradley.

  p. 522 Ian Allan: Carter, I. 1, 32–3, 60–62.

  p. 522 Real Spotters could buy: flyer in Trains Illustrated, Dec. 1952.

  p. 522 Tamworth: Manchester Guardian, 14 May 1948.

  p. 523 North Hull Estate Train Spotters’ Club: Hull Daily Mail, 29 Nov. 1948.

  p. 523 A reporter went to Crewe: Manchester Guardian, 7 Aug. 1951.

  p. 524 Outlandish transfers: Banks, 130.

  p. 525 a viewing gallery: RM, Mar. 2009, 56.

  p. 525 enduring commercial empire: www.ianallan.com/group.

  p. 525 to hear and smell an engine: Dickinson, W. E., 161.

  p. 526 squanderous use of fuel: Hewison, 93.

  p. 526 ‘every slum-clearance area’: Hunt and Krause, 5.

  p. 527 Great Northern Railway No. 1: Casserley 2, 124–5.

  p. 527 ‘perfect balance’: Ellis, C. H. 1, 66.

  p. 527 2,924 steam locomotives: Ellis and Morse, 135.

  p. 528 A vignette from Scotland: Steam World, Oct. 2007, 12.

  p. 528 steam might not finally expire: Johnson and Long, 528.

  p. 529 3,198 ‘cops’: Stretton, 30, 47.

  p. 529 Whittaker took up spotting: Whittaker, 58, 77.

  p. 530 ‘Get trendy’: Rail Enthusiast, Mar. 1987, 40.

  p. 530 ‘Timothy Potter, Trainspotter’: Viz, 25 Aug. 1987.

  p. 531 Chris Donald: Independent, 8 Jan. 1995.

  p. 531n ‘gricer’: RM, Aug. 2014, 52.

  p. 531 ‘they are irrational’: Bryson, 261.

  p. 532 ‘a shiny heavy web’, etc.: Lomax, 13–14, 19–20.