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Drea, Edward J. MacArthur's Ultra: Codebreaking and the War Against Japan, 1942-1945. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1992.
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———. Seizing the Enigma: The Race to Break the German U-boat Codes, 1939-1943. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991.
———. Hitler's Spies: German Military Intelligence in World War II. New York: Macmillan, 1978.
Keegan, John. The Second World War. New York: Viking, 1990.
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———. Struggle for Secrets: Intelligence Services of Poland and the Third Reich, 1932-1939. Warsaw: Ksiazka i wiedza, 1967.
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Sebag-Montefiore, Hugh. Enigma: The Battle for the Code. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
Sevareid, Eric. Not So Wild a Dream. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1946.
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Pamphlets
From the Bletchley Park Trust:
Carter, Frank. The First Breaking of Enigma: Some of the Pioneering Techniques Developed by the Polish Cipher Bureau.
Gallehawk, John. Convoys and the U-boats.
———. Some Polish Contributions in the Second World War.
Wescombe, Peter. Bletchley Park and the Luftwaffe.
From the Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency:
Miller, Ray. The Cryptographic Mathematics of Enigma.
Wilcox, Jennifer. Sharing the Burden: Women in Cryptology During World War II.
From Britain's Public Record Office:
Hoare, Oliver. ENIGMA: Codebreaking and the Second World War.
Ballard, Geoffrey. "1944—and Ultra sets the agenda for the Pacific War." Reprint of Papers from the 1995 Enigma Symposium, ed. Hugh Skillen. Pinner, Middlesex, England: 1995.
Boyd, Ellsworth. "Briggs believes a lost warning could have saved Pearl Harbor from destruction." World War II, November 2002, pp. 18-21.
Bruce-Briggs, B. "Another Ride on Tricycle." Intelligence and National Security 7, no. 2 (1996), pp. 79-100.
Erskine, Ralph. "The Development of Typex." The Enigma Bulletin no. 2 (1997), pp. 69-81.
Gavin, James. "Bloody Hiirtgen." American Heritage, December 1979, pp. 32-44.
Glanz, James. "New Light on Physicist's Role in Nazi Bomb." The New York Times, March 7,2002, p. 1, continued on p. 8.
Hitchens, Christopher. "The Medals of His Defeats." The Atlantic Monthly,April 2002, pp. 118-137.
Kennedy, David M. "Victory at Sea." The Atlantic Monthly, March 1999, pp. 54-74.
Troy, Thomas F. "The British Assault on J. Edgar Hoover: The Tricycle Case." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 3, no. 2 (1989), pp. 169-209.
Unpublished sources
Nielson, James. "Military Time." Section of a memoir recalling his experiences at Bletchley Park.
Sharp, Walter. "The 6813th Signal Security Detachment." Memoir telling of his duties in the "Machine Room" at BP.
Vergine, George. "Technical Sergeant at Bletchley Park." Memoir including a precise technical explanation of how "Fish" was broken.
Internet
Hinsley, F. H. "The Influence of ULTRA in the Second World War." Cambridge Security Group Seminar, 1993. www.cl.cam.ac.uk
Jacobsen, Philip H. "The Codebreakers: Intelligence Contributions to U.S. Naval Operations in the Pacific." www.microworks.net/pacific/ intelligence
MacEachin, Douglas J. "The Final Months of the War with Japan: Signals Intelligence, U.S. Invasion Planning, and the A-Bomb Decision." Monograph posted by the Center for the Study of Intelligence, www. cia.gov/csi/monograph/4253605299/csi9810001
Parker, Frederick D. "A Priceless Advantage: U.S. Navy Communications Intelligence and the Battles of the Coral Sea, Midway and the Aleutians." National Security Agency—United States Cryptologic History, 1993.www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/PTO/Magic/COMINT-CoralSea
Interviews and correspondence
Best, Paul, on operations of 6812th Signal Security Detachment.
Bing, Patricia, on life as a young assistant to Alan Turing.
Brewster, Molly, on the role of young women at BP.
Eachus, Joseph, on being the first "Ultra American."
Fredrickson, Robert, a devoted provider of useful information on all three Signal Service Detachments in Britain.
Manuel, Richard, a 6811th officer knowledgeable about the drastic March 1, 1945, change in the Germans' radio transmission procedures.
Norland, Selmer, a faithful consultant on all phases of the Americans' contributions to Ultra.
Sale, Tony, who rebuilt a Colossus at BP and helped me reach an understanding of it as well as other technical functions at the Park.
Sharp, Walter, another reliable adviser on the Ultra Americans at Bletchley.
Titus, William M., Jr., a 6811th officer with an acute memory of Set Room operations at Hall Place.
Vergine, George, very possibly the smartest American at BP, the man to whom the British gave some of the toughest work to be done on "Fish."
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Copyright © 2003 by Hervie Haufler
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