by Carey Gillam
15. World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Evaluation of Five Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides, IARC Monographs vol. 112, March 20, 2015, p. 79, http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol112/mono112-09.pdf.
16. Pesticide Action Network International, “The Glyphosate Monograph,” October 2016, p. 4, http://issuu.com/pan-uk/docs/glyphosate_monograph_complete?e=28041656/43997864.
17. Paul Winchester, MD, report to 2017 Children’s Environmental Health Translational Research Conference, Arlington, VA, April 5, 2017.
18. Leah Schinasi and Maria E. Leon, “Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Occupational Exposure to Agricultural Pesticide Chemical Groups and Active Ingredients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 4 (April 2014): 4449–4527, doi:10.3390/ijerph110404449.
19. National Cancer Institute, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, “Cancer Stat Facts: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma,” https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/nhl.html.
20. Michael C. R. Alavanja et al., “Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Risk and Insecticide, Fungicide, and Fumigant Use in the Agricultural Health Study,” PLOS One, October 22, 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109332.
21. A. J. De Roos et al., “Integrative Assessment of Multiple Pesticides as Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma among Men,” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 60, no. e11 (2003), doi:10.1136/oem.60.9.e11, http://www.occenvmed.com/cgi/content/full/60/9/e11.
22. Lennart Hardell and Mikael Eriksson, “A Case-Control Study of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Exposure to Pesticides,” Cancer 85, no. 6 (March 15, 1999): 1353–1360, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990315)85:6<1 353::AID-CNCR19>3.0.CO;2-1.
23. Helen H. McDuffie et al., “Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Specific Pesticide Exposures in Men: Cross-Canada Study of Pesticides and Health,” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 10, no. 11 (November 2001): 1155–1163, http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/10/11/1155.full-text.pdf.
24. John Peterson Myers et al., “Concerns over Use of Glyphosate-Based Herbicides and Risks Associated with Exposures: A Consensus Statement,” Environmental Health 15, no. 19 (February 17, 2016), doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0117-0.
25. Ibid.
26. Monsanto Company, “Monsanto Transitions away from Tallowamine in Products,” blog posting, April 8, 2016, http://monsantoblog.eu/monsanto-transitions-away-from-tallowamine-in-products-enfr/#.
27. Monsanto Company, “Glyphosate Safety by the Numbers,” http://news.monsanto.com/image/infographic/glyphosate-safety-numbers.
28. Gary M. Williams, Robert Kroes, and Ian C. Munro, “Safety Evaluation and Risk Assessment of the Herbicide Roundup and Its Active Ingredient, Glyphosate, for Humans,” Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 31, no. 2 (April 2000): 117–165, doi:10.1006/rtph.1999.1371.
29. William Heydens (Monsanto), e-mail to Donna Farmer (Monsanto), February 19, 2015, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Heydens.jpg.
30. U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, In Re: Roundup Products Liability Litigation, Case No. 3:16-md-02741-VC, Document 226-3, Filed April 6, 2017, p. 2, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/226series.pdf.
31. Monsanto executives, e-mail thread, July 2012, https://tpin.webaction.org/c/79/images/Monsanto%20collusion%20with%20dow,%20syngenta.pdf.
32. Larry D. Kier and David J. Kirkland, “Review of Genotoxicity Studies of Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Formulations,” Critical Reviews in Toxicology 43, no. 4 (2013): 283–315, doi:10.3109/10408444.2013.770820.
33. U.S. Public Interest Research Group, “Monsanto Colluded to ‘Ghost-Write’ Studies on the Pesticide Roundup,” press release, March 15, 2017, http://www.uspirg.org/news/usp/monsanto-colluded-ghost-write-studies-pesticide-roundup.
34. Monsanto Company, “What Is Glyphosate?,” http://www.monsanto.com/sitecollectiondocuments/glyphosate-safety-health.pdf.
35. Anneclaire J. De Roos et al., “Cancer Incidence among Glyphosate-Exposed Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study,” Environmental Health Perspectives 113, no. 1 (January 2005; published online November 4, 2004): 49–54, doi:10.1289/ehp.7340.
36. Aaron Blair, in conversation with the author, March 2015.
37. World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, vol. 112, Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides, published online 2015, updated August 2016, pp. 77–79, http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol112/mono112-10.pdf.
38. Francesco Forastiere, in conversation with the author, September 2016.
39. International Agency for Research on Cancer, “Preamble to the IARC Monographs,” Section B (6), http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Preamble/currentb6evalrationale0706.php.
40. Christopher Portier, in conversation with the author, September 2016.
41. Donna Farmer, “What the IARC 2A Rating for Glyphosate Really Means,” Beyond the Rows (Monsanto Company blog), March 20, 2015, http://monsantoblog.com/2015/03/20/what-the-iarc-2a-rating-for-glyphosate-really-means/.
42. Daniel Jenkins (Monsanto), e-mail to Michael Goodis (EPA), March 23, 2015.
43. Philip Miller (Monsanto), letter to Margaret Chen (WHO), March 20, 2015.
44. Christopher Wild (IARC), letter to Philip Miller (Monsanto), April 16, 2015.
45. Howard Minigh (CropLife International), letter to Margaret Chen (WHO) and Christopher Wild (IARC), May 13, 2015.
46. Monsanto Company internal report, “Proposal for Post-IARC Meeting Scientific Projects Draft,” Case No. 3:16-md-02741-VC in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, Document 187-5, May 11, 2015, p. 1.
47. Carey Gillam, “Monsanto Says Panel to Review WHO Finding on Cancer Link to Herbicide,” Reuters, July 14, 2015, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-monsanto-herbicide-idUSKCN0PO2FM20150714.
48. Monsanto Company v. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and Lauren Zeise, Case No. 16-CECG-00183 in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Fresno, http://www.monsanto.com/files/documents/monvoehha.pdf.
49. Francesco Forastiere, in conversation with the author, September 2016.
50. Sharon Lerner, “EPA Used Monsanto’s Research to Give Roundup a Pass,” The Intercept, November 3, 2015, https://theintercept.com/2015/11/03/epa-used-monsanto-funded-research/.
51. Jess Rowland (EPA), memorandum to Charles Smith and Khue Nguyen (EPA) titled “Glyphosate: Report of the Cancer Assessment Review Committee,” October 1, 2015, http://www.acsh.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/EPA-glyphosate-document-final.pdf.
52. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, “Summary of ORD Comments on OPP’s Glyphosate Cancer Assessment,” December 14, 2015, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ORDcommentsonOPPglyphosate.pdf.
53. William Dykstra and Jess Rowland (EPA), memorandum to Melba Morrow (EPA), April 20, 1998, https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/chemicalsearch/chemical/foia/web/pdf/103601/103601-1998-04-20a.pdf.
54. Daniel J. Jenkins (Monsanto), e-mail to William F. Heydens (Monsanto), April 28, 2015, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/JessRowlandseries.pdf.
55. Jess Rowland (EPA), memorandum to Charles Smith and Khue Nguyen (EPA) titled “Glyphosate: Report of the Cancer Assessment Review Committee,” October 1, 2015, http://www.acsh.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/EPA-glyphosate-document-final.pdf.
56. Daniel J. Jenkins (Monsanto), e-mail to Tracey L. Reynolds (Monsanto), September 3, 2015, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/JessRowlandseries.pdf.
57. Plaintiffs’ Motion to Compel Deposition of Jess Rowland, Case No. 3:16-md-02741-VC in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, Document 189, filed March 14, 2017, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/JessRowlandseries.pdf.
58. Plaintiffs’ Reply in Further Support of Motion to Compel Responses from Deponent Jesudoss Rowland, Case No. 3:
16-md-02741-VC in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, Document 284, filed May 10, 2017, https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MDLPlaintiffsreplyonRowlanddepo.pdf.
59. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, “Glyphosate Issue Paper: Evaluation of Carcinogenic Potential,” September 12, 2016, https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/glyphosate_issue_paper_evaluation_of_carcincogenic_potential.pdf.
60. Monsanto Company, internal document titled “Glyphosate,” Case No. 3:16-md-02741-VC in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, Document 189-5, p. 2.
61. Monsanto Company, “The EPA’s Registration Review of Glyphosate,” http://www.monsanto.com/pages/epa-review-of-glyphosate.aspx.
62. Janet E. Collins (CropLife America), letter to Steven Knott (EPA), August 24, 2016, http://191hmt1pr08amfq62276etw2.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Final-CLA-Glyphosate-SAP-08-24-16.pdf.
63. Janet E. Collins (CropLife America), letter to Steven Knott (EPA), October 12, 2016, http://191hmt1pr08amfq62276etw2.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CLA-Comments-on-SAP-Disqualification-10-12-16.pdf.
64. Carey Gillam, “EPA Bows to Chemical Industry in Delay of Glyphosate Cancer Review,” Huffington Post, October 19, 2016, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/carey-gillam/epa-bows-to-chemical-indu_b_12563438.html.
65. Peter Infante, in conversation with the author, October 2016.
66. Peter Infante, in conversation with the author, December 2016.
67. Steve Davies, “Glyphosate Panel Split on Chemical’s Carcinogenicity,” Agri-Pulse Communications, December 16, 2016, http://www.agri-pulse.com/Glyphosate-science-panel-split-on-chemicals-carcinogenicity-12162016.asp#.WFWBBpLGV94.twitter.
68. Vicky Laybourne, in conversation with the author, January 2016.
69. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, memorandum with SAP Final Report, March 16, 2017, https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-03/documents/december_13-16_2016_final_report_03162017.pdf.
70. Thierry Vrain, in conversation with the author, March 2016.
71. Ibid.
Chapter 6: Spinning the Science
1. Nathaniel Rich, “The Lawyer Who Became DuPont’s Worst Nightmare,” New York Times, January 6, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/10/magazine/the-lawyer-who-became-duponts-worst-nightmare.html.
2. Eric S. Sachs (Monsanto), e-mail to a group of professors titled “Invitation to Author a Policy Brief in the Series ‘Perspectives on Science Matters,’” August 8, 2013, pp. 31, 33, https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/2303692/david-shaw-missstateuniverdocs.pdf.
3. Tom Philpott, “These Emails Show Monsanto Leaning on Professors to Fight the GMO PR War,” Mother Jones, October 2, 2015, http://www.motherjones.com/tom-philpott/2015/09/monsanto-professors-gmo-PR.
4. Laura Krantz, “Harvard Professor Failed to Disclose Connection,” Boston Globe, October 1, 2015, http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/10/01/harvard-professor-failed-disclose-monsanto-connection-paper-touting-gmos/lLJipJQmI5WKS6RAgQbnrN/story.html.
5. Nora Benachour and Gilles-Eric Séralini, “Glyphosate Formulations Induce Apoptosis and Necrosis in Human Umbilical, Embryonic, and Placental Cells,” Chemical Research in Toxicology 22, no. 1 (2009): 97–105, doi: 10.1021/tx800218n.
6. GMOSeralini, “What Were the Study’s Findings?,” http://www.gmoseralini.org/faq-items/what-were-the-studys-findings/.
7. Gilles-Eric Séralini et al., “Republished Study: Long-Term Toxicity of a Roundup Herbicide and a Roundup-Tolerant Genetically Modified Maize,” Environmental Sciences Europe 26, no. 14 (June 24, 2014), doi:10.1186/s12302-014-0014-5.
8. Susan Bardocz et al., “Seralini and Science: An Open Letter,” Independent Science News, October 2, 2012, https://www.independentsciencenews.org/health/seralini-and-science-nk603-rat-study-roundup/.
9. Carey Gillam, “Keeping Secrets from Consumers: Labeling Law a Win for Industry-Academic Collaborations,” Huffington Post, July 14, 2016, https://usrtk.org/uncategorized/keeping-secrets-from-consumers-labeling-law-a-win-for-industry-academic-collaborations/.
10. E-mail exchanges dated November 2012 obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Goodman-Nov.-22012RG-000664-000001.pdf.
11. Carey Gillam, “Keeping Secrets from Consumers: Labeling Law a Win for Industry-Academic Collaborations,” Huffington Post, July 14, 2016, https://usrtk.org/uncategorized/keeping-secrets-from-consumers-labeling-law-a-win-for-industry-academic-collaborations/; e-mail exchanges dated November 2012 obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/GoodmanRG-000126-000001.pdf.
12. GMOSeralini, “Editor of Food and Chemical Toxicology Is Obliged to Give Prof. Séralini’s Team Right of Reply after Retracting NK603 and Roundup Study,” May 19, 2014, http://www.gmoseralini.org/editor-of-food-and-chemical-toxicology-is-obliged-to-give-prof-seralinis-team-right-of-reply-after-retracting-nk603-and-roundup-study/.
13. Gilles-Eric Séralini, “Why Glyphosate Is Not the Issue with Roundup: A Short Overview of 30 Years of Our Research,” Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry 15, no. 3 (2015): 111–119, doi:10.4024/12SE15R.jbpc.15.03, http://www.gmoseralini.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Seralini-career-JBPC_2015.pdf.
14. Channa Jayasumana et al., “Drinking Well Water and Occupational Exposure to Herbicides Is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease, in Padavi-Sripura, Sri Lanka,” Environmental Health 14, no. 6 (January 18, 2015), doi:10.1186/1476-069X-14-6.
15. Rick Goodman, Daniel Goldstein, and John Vicini, e-mail exchanges, October 6–7, 2014, catalogued by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/GoodmanSriLanka1RG-000010-000001.pdf.
16. Carey Gillam, “The True Inside Story of How a College Professor Sells Out to Monsanto,” AlterNet, January 30, 2016, http://www.alternet.org/food/true-inside-story-how-college-professor-sells-out-monsanto.
17. Internal Revenue Service Form 990 filings by Council for Biotechnology Information, 2014, 2015.
18. Henry Miller and Bruce Chassy, “Scientists Smell a Rat in Fraudulent Genetic Engineering Study,” Forbes, September 25, 2012, http://www.forbes.com/sites/henrymiller/2012/09/25/scientists-smell-a-rat-in-fraudulent-genetic-engineering-study/#7f0c8c1c1ff1.
19. Eric Sachs and Bruce Chassy, e-mail exchanges, September 13, 2011, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/BruceChassy4.pdf.
20. Eric Sachs and Bruce Chassy, e-mail exchanges, January 2012, catalogued by Mother Jones, https://www.motherjones.com/files/chassychina.pdf.
21. Bruce Hammond and Bruce Chassy, e-mail exchanges, April 24, 2012, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/BruceChassy6.pdf.
22. Bruce Chassy, e-mail to Gregory Knott (University of Illinois), October 20, 2010, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/BruceChassy10-1.pdf.
23. Bruce Chassy and Eric Sachs, e-mail exchange, October 19, 2011, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/BruceChassy11.pdf.
24. Bruce Chassy and Sheryl Evertowski, e-mail exchange, October 19, 2011, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2303693-bruce-chassyuofillinoisdocs.html.
25. Monica Eng, “Why Didn’t an Illinois Professor Have to Disclose GMO Funding?,” WBEZ, March 15, 2016, https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-news/why-didnt-an-illinois-professor-have-to-disclose-gmo-funding/eb99bdd2-683d-4108-9528-de1375c3e9fb.
26. Eric Lipton, “Food Industry Enlisted Academics in G.M.O. Lobbying War, Emails Show,” New York Times, September 5, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/us/food-industry-enlisted-academics-in-gmo-lobbying-war-emails-show.html.
27. George Kimbrell, in conversation with the author, January 2016.
28. Kevin Folta and Lisa Drake, e-mail exchange, October 23, 2014, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, https://www.usrtk.org/wp-content/uploa
ds/2015/09/glad-to-sign-on.pdf.
29. Monsanto Company and nine professors, e-mail exchanges, August 2013, catalogued by Mother Jones, https://www.motherjones.com/files/monsanto-sachs-juma.pdf.
30. Kevin Folta, “Anti-GMO Activism and Its Impact on Food Security,” Genetic Literacy Project, December 4, 2014, https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2014/12/04/anti-gmo-activism-and-its-impact-on-food-security/.
31. Eric Lipton, “Food Industry Enlisted Academics in G.M.O. Lobbying War, Emails Show,” New York Times, September 5, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/us/food-industry-enlisted-academics-in-gmo-lobbying-war-emails-show.html.
32. Christie Ly (Ketchum for Council for Biotechnology Information) and Kevin Folta, e-mail exchange, May 30, 2013, https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2303691-kevin-folta-uoffloridadocs.html#document/p84/a237719.
33. Eric Lipton, “Food Industry Enlisted Academics in G.M.O. Lobbying War, Emails Show,” New York Times, September 5, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/us/food-industry-enlisted-academics-in-gmo-lobbying-war-emails-show.html.
34. Emily Schmidt (Ketchum) to Kevin Folta, e-mail, July 31, 2013, obtained by U.S. Right to Know, http://www.gmo.news/kevin-folta-gmo-monsanto-emails-university-of-florida.txt.
35. Kevin Folta, “From This Expert,” GMO Answers, July 29, 2013, https://gmoanswers.com/experts/kevin-folta?page=9.
36. New York Times, DocumentCloud, 2303691-kevin-folta-uoffloridadocs, p. 104, https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2303691-kevin-folta-uoffloridadocs.html#document/p84/a237719.
37. Kevin Folta, “Kevin Folta on Winning Borlaug Ag Comm Award, Year of Attacks from Anti-GMO Activists,” Genetic Literacy Project, April 21, 2016, https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2016/04/21/kevin-folta-reflects-winning-ag-comm-award-year-attacks-anti-gmo-activists/.
38. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, “Dr. Kevin Folta Chosen as 2016 Borlaug CAST Communication Award Winner,” April 25, 2016. For general information about the award, see http://www.cast-science.org/borlaug_cast_communication_award/.