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INDEX
ACC agreement, 124–28, 243; Housing Law, 308; and Hungary [ACC(H)], 166–68, 207, 209, 210, 212–14; and numbers, 198, 201–6, 207, 209, 210, 212–14, 220–22; and “organized expulsions,” 125, 160, 162, 164, 166–68; and resettlements, 304, 305, 306, 308
Ackermann, Volker, 354
Adam, Joseph, 340
Adamski, Bishop Stanisław, 109, 260
Adam v. Czech Republic, 340
Adenauer, Konrad, 316–21
Adorno, Theodor, 369
Africa, forced migration in, 67, 336
Ahonen, Pertti, 320
Alexander II, tsar of Russia, 39
Alexander the Great, 67
Allen, Denis, 173
Allied Control Council, 111, 124, 363; and ACC agreement, see ACC agreement
Alversdorf transit camp, 170, 177
Aly, Götz, 52
Amin, Idi, 336
Anderson, Carol, 335
Angly, Edward, 107
Arburg, Adrian von, 128
Arciszewski, Tomasz, 86
Armenians: forced migration of, 68; genocide of, 70, 329
Armstrong, Hamilton Fish, 17, 21
Arndt, Josefa, 250
Asia, forced migration in, 67, 68
Atatürk (Kemal Mustafa), 70, 329
Atlantic Charter (1941), 86
Attlee, Clement, 80, 88–89, 151, 288
Auschwitz concentration camp, 1, 127, 134, 138, 144, 145, 235
Austria: and Anschluss, 13, 14, 41; deportations to, 76, 99, 113, 117, 122–23; and ethnic Germans, 46, 125, 312; expellees repulsed at border, 99, 107, 123; and League of Nations, 330; occupation zones of, 306
Austro-Hungarian Empire, 8, 9, 12, 68, 130, 284; ethnic cleansing in, 39, 232
Babylonian Captivity, 67
Bački Jarak internment camp, 146, 153, 156
Balabán, Josef, 19
Baltic states: ethnic expulsions from, 46, 47–49, 51; fifth column fears in, 59–60; Soviet control of, 41, 46, 48, 51; Volksdeutsche in, 38, 41–42, 61
Bamborough, Oswald, 166, 167
Bannister, Sylvia, 53
Bardens, Dennis, 292
Barkan, Elazar, 371–72
Barrington-Ward, Robin, 291
Barthélemy, Joseph, 14
Bartoszewski, Władysław, 267, 357
Bauer, Gerd, 249
Bavaria: selective admission to, 312–13; transit camps in, 310
Bednář, František, 268
Belgium: fifth column fears in, 43; and World War I, 68
Bell, Bishop George, 288, 289
Bell-Fialkoff, Andrew, 371
Beneš, Edvard, 6, 7–9, 11–12, 13, 75, 332, 344; assassination ordered by, 21–23; comeback of, 15–18, 36; decrees issued by, 98, 101, 246, 326–27, 338, 339, 340–41, 342–43, 357, 359; exile of, 8, 14–15, 16, 19–23, 26, 27–28, 34–35, 36; mass expulsions supported by, 16, 18–25, 27–28, 30, 32, 33–34, 36–38, 76, 78, 83, 124, 149, 210, 222, 227, 257–58, 280, 365; and propaganda, 290, 291, 292, 295
Bergen, Doris, 56, 59
Berger, Stefan, 352
Berlin crisis, 154
Berlin Wall (1961), 325
Bessel, Richard, 68
Bettany, Guy, 292
Beveridge, Sir William, 288
Bevin, Ernest, 80, 172, 173, 182, 220, 236, 288, 323
Bidault, Georges, 298
Biess, Frank, 351
Bilainkin, George, 291, 292
Bismarck, Otto von, 69
Blair, Tony, 327
Bloxham, Donald, 68
Blum, Léon, 14
Blumenwitz, Dieter, 343
Boček, Bohumil, 97
Bohemia: ethnic Germans in, 58, 136; German occupation of, 15, 19, 22; provisional government, 8; recolonization of, 281
Bołesławiec (Bunzlau) children’s camp, 139, 237
Bonyhád internment camp, 136
Boothby, Frederick, 158, 170, 173, 177, 183, 199
Borodziej, Włodzimierz, 364
Bourdillon, Francis, 275
Bramwell, Anna, 57
Brandt, Willy, 320, 352, 353, 356
Bray, Charles, 117
Breitinger, Fr. Hilarius, 44
Britain: and ACC agreement, 124–25, 198, 201–6, 220–22, 304; and Atlantic Charter, 86; complicity of, 3, 23–33, 37, 73, 74–76, 81, 85–87, 92, 93; Czech government in exile in, 17–18, 19–21, 23, 26, 35–36; Czechoslovakia abandoned by, 7, 14–15, 290; and Dunkirk, 19; fifth column fears in, 43, 150; Inter-Departmental Committee report, 74–77, 83, 89, 372; and Munich, 7–8, 14–15, 17, 18, 26, 290; occupation zone, see Germany: British zone; Operation Swallow, 168–74, 183, 184–85, 196–206, 212, 217–22, 264, 369; and “organized expulsions,” 124–25, 161, 162–64, 168–70, 173–75, 177, 180, 192; and population transfers, 72–80, 85, 94; and postwar expectations, 87; Special Operations Executive, 26; Transfer Commission, 89; and “wild expulsions,” 102, 112, 118, 287–88; and World War II, 17, 18, 19, 23, 80, 84, 87, 289
Brno: “Death March,” 98–100, 105, 365; ethnic manipulation in, 10; Kaunitz College camp in, 96, 155
Brno-Jundrov internment camp, 237
Brownlee, Aleta, 252
Brozsat, Martin, 349
Brumlik, Micha, 360
Bryant, Chad, 37, 56
Buchenwald concentration camp, 118, 192
Bulgaria, 111, 330
Burlagsberg refugee camp, 309–10
Butler, Nicholas Murray, 295
Buxton, Dorothy, 368
Bydgoszcz (Bromberg), Poland, massacre in, 44, 45
Byford-Jones, Wilfred, 252
Byman, Daniel, 372
Byrnes, James F., 126–28, 274–75
Cadogan, Alexander, 26
Caidler, Karel, 265
Catholic Church War Relief Services, 221, 230
Caucasus, forced migration in, 68
Cavendish-Bentinck, Victor, 149, 172–73, 178, 182, 204–5, 220, 271, 274
Cecil, Lord Robert, 29
Cedrowski, Ignacy, 143–44, 156
Central Agency for Resettlers, 309, 322–24
Černý, Vojtěch, 236–37
České Křĺdlovice children’s camp, 139, 237
Chamberlain, Neville, 14, 18
Charous, Adolf, 265
Cherokee nation, Trail of Tears, 67
children, 229–53; abuse of, 238, 242, 251; adoption of, 231, 250, 251, 252; assimilation of, 354; deaths of, 230, 235, 236–37, 238–40, 242, 243, 252; as forced labor, 230, 233, 234, 237, 250; Hitler Youth, 236–37, 245; in internment camps, 137, 138–39, 151, 230–31, 233–40, 247, 249–50; of mixed marriages, 231–32, 244–48; national identity of, 231–32, 236–37, 241–48, 251; in orphanages, 243–44; repressed memories of, 354; separated from families, 229–30, 235, 237, 244, 249–53; starving, 233–34, 235, 238, 239–40, 252; undesirable ethnicity of, 231–33, 239–41, 245–49
China, forced migrations in, 67
Chomutov massacre, 96–97
Churchill, Winston, 14, 17, 19, 27, 72, 75, 81, 82, 84, 85–88, 89–90, 91, 94, 112, 295
CICR (International Committee of the Red Cross), 14, 97, 112, 191, 218, 223, 224, 229, 235, 236, 237–39, 240, 242, 253, 286, 292, 296, 310, 322, 328, 329
Clark, Bruce, 372
Clark, Norman, 117
Clay, Lucius D., 185, 206–7, 211, 214, 222, 297, 315
Clinton administration, 329
Cohen, Benjamin, 126
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 361
Cold War: and concentration camps, 150–51, 154; and mass expulsions, 305; and public opinion,
299–300; “stolen children” in, 251
Colville, John, 146
Committee Against Mass Expulsions (CAME), 294–95
communism, fall of, 325, 358
concentration camps, 130–57; categories of, 139–40; children in, 137, 138–39, 151, 234, 239; citizens’ committees on, 136–37; closure of, 153–54; and Cold War propaganda, 150–51, 154; deaths in, 133, 134, 137, 139, 140–41, 145, 146, 153, 155, 157, 195–96; disease in, 134, 137, 139, 140, 145, 155; downward spiral in conditions of, 309–10; ethnic Germans sent to, 15, 45, 74, 135, 156, 309–11; food in, 144–46, 147, 151–52, 346; forced labor, 15, 134, 135, 137, 139, 140, 142–44, 152, 153, 154, 234, 337; inmate categories, 138–39; Jews in, 22, 35, 137–38, 140, 156; map, 131; Nazi models for, 98, 132, 136, 137, 138, 139, 146, 148, 151–52, 156; “organized expulsions” to (transit camps), 163, 165, 168, 170, 173–74, 175, 176, 178–81, 186, 190, 192–93, 303–6; as payback for the war, 132, 146–48, 289; POWs in, 138; “protective custody” in, 59; and public opinion, 146–49, 151–52, 157; and Red Cross, 135, 136, 141, 144–46, 149–50, 152–53; torture in, 132–33, 140; trials for abuses in, 154–56; unclear data on, 134, 135–36, 145–46; violent treatment in, 132–33, 134, 137, 140, 141–42, 156; “wild expulsions” to (internment camps), 96, 99, 104, 106–7, 112, 117–18, 122, 123, 127, 136–37, 176; women in, 22, 134, 137, 138, 141–42, 151, 235; “young thugs” in charge of, 138, 140, 147, 170
Connor, Ian, 324
Cordell, Karl, 251, 359
Cornwall, Mark, 13
Crawley, Aidan, 318
Crimes against humanity, 328–30, 345
Cromwell, Oliver, 67
Curp, David, 370, 373
Curtin, John, 72, 84
Curzon, George Nathaniel, 70, 72
Cyprus, Turkish invasion of, 72
Czechoslovakia, 7–38; Beneš decrees, see Beneš, Edvard; borders of, 21, 36; breakup of, 7, 34, 367; Charter 77; movement, 354, 357; citizenship, 101, 246, 338, 339–41, 366; Communist Party in, 14, 26–27, 30, 98, 100, 102–3, 115, 149, 154, 256–58, 261, 281–82, 348, 355, 366; constitution of, 9; Czech-German declaration (1997), 357–58; District National Committees, 97–98, 100, 101, 102–3, 105–7, 120–22, 134–35, 187–89, 244, 246–48, 257, 266; ethnic cleansing in, 15, 36, 96–99, 231–36, 359, 365–66; ethnic manipulation in, 10; fifth column fears in, 102, 113–16, 323, 358; formation of, 9; Germanization in, 59; German occupation of, 15, 16, 95, 98, 208, 232, 245, 248, 259, 337, 370–71; government in exile, 17–22, 23, 26, 27, 34–36, 94, 332; “Great Decree” in, 37; Hrádek incident, 114; Law No. 115 (1946), 370; and League of Nations, 330; liberation of, 37, 257; “May days,” 96, 102; memory and forgetting, 354–62; and Munich, 7–9, 11, 14–18, 26, 27, 35, 40, 61, 117, 290, 292, 367; National Assembly, 101; National Council, 17; nationalism within, 9, 10, 18; National Land Fund, 260–61; National Security Force (SNB), 100, 136, 138, 147, 190, 198; and Population; Transfer Commission, 77–79; population transfers from, 1, 2, 23–24, 29, 32, 36, 73, 76, 78–81, 85, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94–103, 105–8, 112, 116–17, 128, 185–92, 198, 203, 206, 210, 222–23, 226–27, 248, 293, 326–27, 357, 371; postwar economy of, 143, 281–83; postwar planning for, 20, 257–58; and Potsdam, 101, 111, 115; “Prague Spring” (1968), 354; propaganda of, 290–93, 295, 348; property confiscated in, 255, 256, 257–59, 260–61, 265, 281, 337–38, 355; resistance movement (ÚVOD) in, 19, 20, 22, 95, 102–3, 113; Second Republic, 15, 16, 355; Secret Study Group, 94; and Soviet Union, 14, 16, 17, 24, 27, 34, 37, 257, 291; Sudetendeutsche in, 8–15, 17–38, 76, 79, 96–99, 102–3, 107, 113–15, 117, 125, 268, 338, 366–67; territory lost to Germany, 7–8, 36; Vlasov Army, 95; war damage in, 259
Czechoslovak Legion, 12
Czech Republic, 2; EU membership of, 327, 342, 357, 358; legal claims against, 326–27, 337–43 see also Czechoslovakia
Czernin, Eugen, 341
Dachau concentration camp, 118, 130, 151, 310–11
Daladier, Edouard, 14
“Danubius” (Mylnárik), 354–55, 357
Danzig, 45, 46, 76, 77, 108
Danzig–West Prussia, 46, 50–51
Darfur, 68
Dastich, František, 103, 186
Davies, Norman, 161, 280
Debrecen internment camp, 136
Deutsche Volksliste, 55–57, 59, 61, 135, 245, 260, 275, 277–78
Deutsche Volksunion, 156
Deutschstämmige, 56
Dewey, John, 294
Djilas, Milovan, 116, 281
Dmowski, Roman, 24
Dobrzyńska, Marta, 218
Dragojlović, Jana, 156
Dreithaler, Rudolf, 338, 339, 357
Drobner, Bolesław, 270
Drozda, V., 107
Drtina, Prokop, 22
Dubiański, Wacław, 140
Duchosal, Jean, 141
Duda, Emma, 229, 249
Duda, Teodor, 155
Duff, Sheila Grant, 292
Duriš, Julius, 260
Dyborski, Mirosław, 277
Dymek, Walenty, 44
East Prussia, 77; and Poland, 24, 76, 82, 86, 88; resettlement of, 262; Volksdeutsche from, 200, 225
Economic Cooperation Administration, 317, 318
Edelman, Marek, 360
Eden, Anthony, 21, 23, 24–25, 28, 74, 83, 85, 87, 88, 112
Edgcumbe, Oliver, 213, 214
Eggers, Paul, 191
Egit, Jakub, 273–74
Eichmann, Adolf, 50, 51, 161
Eigi, Irma, 53
Einsatzgruppen, 45
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 128, 156
Emmet, Christopher, 294
Erdei, Ferenc, 208
Erskine, G. W. E. J. “Bobby,” 159, 205–6
Europe, postwar, redrawing the map of, 66–67, 74
European Convention on Human Rights, 336, 338, 341–42
European Union: Charter of Fundamental Rights, 326; Lisbon Treaty, 326; membership in, 327, 342, 357, 358, 367
European unity, 316–17, 325
Expellee League (Bund der Vertriebenen), 359
Expellees’ and Disenfranchised People’s Bloc, 316, 317–19
Fehrenbach, Heide, 350–51
Fenyö, Miksa, 211
Fierlinger, Zdenĕk, 97, 119, 152, 235
Filipovo internment camp, 146, 153
Fischer, Gyula, 213
Fischer, Otakar, 104
Fisher, Allan, 32, 33
Fladda, Lisbeth, 250
Foot, Michael, 241, 291, 295
Forster, Albert, 50–51
France: and ACC agreement, 124, 125, 198, 305; and Alsace-Lorraine, 69–70, 85; classification scheme in, 69–70; Czechoslovakia abandoned by, 7, 11, 14; fifth column fears in, 43; German population in, 297–99; and Munich, 7, 11, 14, 15, 17; and occupation zone, 125, 305; and World War I, 68; and World War II, 17
Franco-Prussian War (1870), 69
Frank, Hans, 334
Frank, Karl Hermann, 13, 27, 35, 95
Frank, Matthew, 289
Franklin, Andrew, 200, 201, 205
Friedrich, Jörg, Der Brand (The Fire), 359
Frommer, Benjamin, 37, 244, 246
Frowein, Jochen, 342, 343, 344, 370
Frydruch, Josef, 248
Fulbrook, Mary, History of Germany 1918–2008, 2
Fye, John H., 147, 164–65, 186, 189, 192, 198, 222, 227, 304, 369
Gabzdilová, Soňa, 4
Gakowa internment camp, 137, 146, 237
Galbraith, John Kenneth, 317
Garbett, Cyril, Archbishop of York, 289
Gardiner, Gerald, 118
Gascoigne, A. D. F., 209
Gęborski, Czesław, 141, 155, 156
Gedye, G.E.G. (Eric), 148, 238, 240, 292
Geiger, Vladimir, 4
Geneva Conventions, 138, 149, 286, 333
genocide, 68, 70, 329, 335
Gerlach, David, 265
German Democratic Republic: borders of, 324; formation of, 324–25
German Federal Republic: economic growth of, 321;
formation of, 62, 154, 316, 321, 351; and Landsmannschaften, 316–20, 348; Lastenaugsleich in, 318–19, 321, 323 see also Germany
German Historical Museum Foundation, 361
Germanness, determination of, 49, 56–58, 60, 61, 65, 78, 231–33, 244–46, 351
Germany: Allied Control Council, 111, 124, 363 see also ACC agreement; and Anschluss, 13, 14, 41; Berlin Wall (1961), 325; borders of, 74, 82–83, 87, 227, 274, 319, 352, 364; British zone, 125, 161, 162–64, 168–70, 173–75, 177, 180, 192, 197–206, 209, 217–22, 307–8; Center Against Expulsions, 359–62; Communist Party (KPD) in, 123–24, 274, 319, 322; concentration camps in, 74, 89, 127, 130–57, 323; cost of resettlement borne by, 78; Criminal Police investigation (1940), 44; Czech-German declaration (1997), 357–58; denazification in, 302; deportations to, 15, 18–21, 23–24, 46–52, 66, 70, 76–77, 85, 89, 90, 91, 150, 192–93, 303; see also “organized expulsions”; “wild expulsions”; duty of silence in, 353–54; East, see German Democratic Republic; ethnic cleansing within, 39, 40, 41, 228; euthanasia program “T-4” in, 49; evacuations to, 63, 112, 119–20; expellees assimilated in, 302, 307–9, 311–25; expellees repulsed at borders, 100–101; financial claims of, 360; French zone, 125, 305; Generalplan Ost, 41, 60, 349; Heimatfilme, 350–51, 352; Heim ins Reich, 46–52, 60, 124; Kristallnacht (1938), 361; and Lebensraum, 43; memory and forgetting, 349–52, 357–58; Nazi atrocities in, 116, 320, 347, 353, 371; Nazi Party in, 13, 228, 315; Nazi Reich in, 3, 7, 32, 73, 78, 94, 232, 275, 286, 332, 337–38, 349, 350, 368; Nazi-Soviet Pact, 27, 39, 41, 45, 48, 52, 81, 256; occupation statutes in, 312–13; and Ostpolitik, 352–53, 356; payback for war, 66, 80, 90, 92, 95–98, 132, 146–48, 240–42, 286–89, 296, 314, 340, 342, 344, 347, 351–52, 357, 360, 364, 367–68, 369–71; postwar economy of, 78, 89, 150–51, 193, 209, 299, 301–3, 307–8, 310, 317, 321–25; postwar generation in, 352–54; reparations payments from, 77, 259, 337–38, 371; reunification of, 325, 356; Soviet zone, 125, 128, 161–62, 163, 164, 169, 170–71, 175, 177, 186–88, 192, 200–203, 215–17, 221, 223–26, 306–7, 308, 321–25; SS protected in, 286; Supreme Allied Authority in, 77; territorial losses of, 11, 319, 364; territories absorbed by, 7–8, 14, 41, 43; U.S. zone, 125, 159, 164–66, 182, 186, 187, 189–90, 192, 198–99, 206–7, 208, 211–14, 217, 219, 222–23, 226, 303, 307; West, see German Federal Republic; and World War I, 11, 68, 70, 301, 328–29; and World War II, 90, 95, 207, 330, 334
Gibson, John, 299
Glassheim, Eagle, 99, 282
Glotz, Peter, 361
Glubczyce assembly camp, 181, 226
Goebbels, Joseph, 7, 19, 42, 43, 44
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