Piece of the Sun : The Quest for Fusion Energy (9781468310412)

  stellarator, 73–108, 116, 118, 126. See also Model A, Model B-2, Model B-3, and Model C

  stimulated emission, 198–99

  Stockpile Stewardship Program. See SSP

  Strachan, Jim, 169–70

  Strauss, Lewis, 65, 67; AEC, resignation as head of, 98; and declassification, 93, 95; fusion power, cost of, 307; and Geneva, 94, 96; and Oppenheimer, 87–88; Project Sherwood, 89, 100; and secrecy, 92; and Sputnik, 94; and Szilard, 86

  Sun, age of, 33, 34; heat source of, 43; original source of heat, 44

  ‘Super.’ See H-bomb

  Super Proton Synchrotron, 157

  superconducting magnets, 25, 153, 159, 160, 241, 249–52, 303

  superconductors, 151, 159, 250, 251, 288

  supernova, creation of, 14

  ‘supershots,’ 170–71, 181, 187

  Symmetric Tokamak (ST), 129, 131, 137, 138

  Szilard, Leo, 31, 32, 78, 86

  T-10, 160

  T-15, 160

  T-3, 117, 120, 123, 125

  T-4, 131

  T-7, 159

  Tamm, Igor, 113–15

  Tandem Mirror Experiement (TMX), 276

  tandem mirror, 275

  target technology. See direct drive and indirect drive

  Teller-Ulam design, 191–95, 202

  Teller, Edward, 43, 74; and computers, pioneering use of, 194; fusion bomb, 190; at Geneva conference, 98; and Ivy Mike, 190; and laser fusion instabilities, 216; and Los Alamos, 73, 79, 83; and Montreal conference, 212; on Oppenheimer, 88; and Rosenbluth, 90; and ‘Super,’ 190–91; Teller-Ulam design, 194–95, 202; University of California, Berkeley, 194

  Texas Turbulent Tokamak, 128–29

  TFTR, 154, 157, 169, 244; 1990s gain results, 171; American Physical Society, meeting of, 175; building-shaking disruption, 182; carbon limiter, 169, 170; closing down of, 183–84, 256; D-T operation refit, 181; D-T plasma burn, 181–82; daily operations of, 160–62; first plasma, 155; gain, 249, 253; H-mode, 165, 168; ICRH heating design, 162; supershots, 171

  Thermodynamics, First Law of, 33; and radium, 35; and special relativity, 35; and sun, 34

  thermonuclear fusion, first research into, 31, 40, 47

  thermotron, 75, 108

  Thompson, William (Lord Kelvin), 34, 38, 44

  Thomson, George Paget, 49–51, 64, 75, 77, 79

  Thomson, J. J., 50

  Thonemann, Peter, 31–71; at Geneva conference, 97–98; pinched plasma, 91, 296

  Three Mile Island, 17–18

  Threshold Test Ban Treaty, 221

  ‘tiger team,’ 181

  TM-3, 107

  TM-G, 166

  Tokamak de Fontenay aux Roses (TFR), 130, 136, 137, 252

  Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor. See TFTR

  Tokamak Physics Experiment. See TPX

  tokamak, 104, 133–87; and Artsimovich, 109–32; first device, 116

  Tore Supra, 252, 260

  toroidal field, 56–57

  toroidal pinch, 46–47

  torus, definition of, 47–48

  Townes, Charles, 199

  TPX, 184, 254, 256

  ‘transport barrier,’ 168

  Tri-Valley CAREs, 235–36

  Trinity, 52, 78

  tritium, 18, 41; manufacture of, 19; and health risks, 20

  Truman, Harry S., and AEC, 86; and H-bomb, 74, 87, 110; and the Super, 191

  Tsar Bomba, 202–3

  TTF, 130

  TU-95V bomber, 202

  Tuck, James, and AEC, meeting at, 78; and Betatron, 79; explosive lens, 78; and kink instability, 85; and the Los Alamos lab, 73, 78, 79, 80, 92; Perhapsatron, 83, 85, 116; and pinch device, 79, 82, 92; and pinch-based machines, 120; and Rosenbluth, 92; and Scyllac, 107; and stellarator, 79

  tungsten, and limiters, 166

  U-1 Utah tokamak, 175

  UK Atomic Energy Authority. See UKAEA

  UKAEA, 56, 62, 65, 122, 187

  Ulam, Stanislaw, 73, 191. See also Teller-Ulam design

  ultraviolet light. See UV light

  uranium salts, 35

  uranium-235, 195, 305

  uranium-238, 53, 193, 202

  uranium, and fission, 16; increasing reserves of, 93; isotope separation of, 102, 150; and supernovas, 14; supply of, 17

  UV light, 116, 226–28

  Valera, Éamon de, 64

  Vedenov, Aleksandr, 242

  Velikhov, Evgeniy, 242; and INTOR, 243–45; and ITER, 270; and ITER, 2010 council meeting, 290

  Virgin Galactic, 306

  Vokhminzeva, Lyubov, 42

  Wagner, Fritz, and H-mode, 163–64

  Walton, Ernest, 40; Crockcroft-Walton accelerator, 41

  Ware, Alan, 51, 52, 54, 68

  waste, nuclear, 18

  ‘wet wood burner,’ 153–54

  Western States Legal Foundation, 236

  Westinghouse, 99

  Wilcock, Peter, 123

  ‘wild ideas’ seminars, 73

  Wood, Lowell, 211, 212

  ‘Woodstock of physics,’ 174

  Wüster, Hans-Otto, 157

  x-point, 168–69

  x-signal, 131

  Yavlinskii, Nutan, 118–19

  Yom Kippur War, 149, 213

  York, Herbert, 83

  Z Machine, 278, 284, 296, 304

  Z-IFE, 296

  Zeta (Omega proof-of-design setup), 222

  ZETA (Zero Energy Thermonuclear Assembly), 56–57; American visit to, 93; first firing, 62; and Geneva, 94–95; and instability, 120; and LIPAN, 117; and longitudinal magnetic field, 104; and neutron problem, 69–70; neutron test, 91; and press, 64, 67, 68; and Sputnik, 65; and temperature claims, 95

  ZETA 2, 71, 140

  DANIEL CLERY studied theoretical physics at York University. For more than two decades, he has edited and written for some of the world’s top science magazines, including Physics World, New Scientist and Science. As a news editor for Science magazine since 1993, Clery has covered many of the biggest science news stories of our time.

  Jacket design by Amanda Bartlett

  Jacket photograph © Punchstock

  Author photograph by Sadie Windscheffel-Clarke

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