The Metaphysical World of Isaac Newton
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3. Haycock, William Stukeley, 196–97.
4. Snobelen, “Isaac Newton, Heretic,” 393.
5. Westfall, Never at Rest, 235.
6. Westfall, Never at Rest, 313.
7. Champion, “‘Acceptable to Inquisitive Men,’” 82.
8. Newton, Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture, part 1: ff. 1–41.
9. “Newton to a Friend,” in Correspondence, vol. 3, 87–88; also Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture, part 1: ff. 1–41.
10. Snobelen, “Isaac Newton, Heretic,” 405.
11. Erasmus, The Praise of Folly, 205.
12. Erasmus, The Praise of Folly, 83.
13. Erasmus, Responsio ad Annotationes Eduardi Lei of May 1520, www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/structure/1096927.
14. Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, “Arianism,” http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/v/voltaire/dictionary/chapter46.html.
15. Qtd. in Westfall, Never at Rest, 534.
16. Newton, Correspondence, 3:129, www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/diplomatic/THEM00263.
17. Küng, Christianity, 95.
18. Küng, Christianity, 95.
19. Ehrman, The Orthodox Corruption, 275.
20. Qtd. in Force, Whiston, 138.
21. Qtd. in Manuel, Portrait of Isaac Newton, 124.
22. Newton, “General Scholium from the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/NATP00056.
23. Newton, “General Scholium from the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/NATP00056.
24. Newton, “General Scholium from the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/NATP00056.
25. Iliffe, “Prosecuting Athanasius.”
26. Dobbs, The Janus Faces, 83.
27. Castillejo, Expanding Force in Newton’s Cosmos, 60.
28. Newton, “Irenicum.”
29. MacCulloch, Christianity, 782.
30. MacCulloch, Christianity, 258.
CHAPTER FOUR. BLOODBATH IN A BOGHOUSE: MURDER IN THE FOURTH CENTURY AD, PART 1
1. Qtd. in Manuel, Isaac Newton, Historian, 5.
2. Westfall, Never at Rest, 344.
3. Westfall, Never at Rest, 312.
4. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 18.
5. Anatolios, Athanasius, 3.
6. MacCulloch, Christianity, 216.
7. MacCulloch, Christianity, 216.
8. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:612.
9. Johnson, Christianity, 87.
10. MacCulloch, Christianity, 213.
11. Qtd. in Iliffe, “Prosecuting Athanasius,” 129.
12. Eusebius, The Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine, 23.
13. MacCulloch, Christianity, 191.
14. Becker, Eagle in Flight, 32–33.
15. Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, “Arianism,” http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/v/voltaire/dictionary/chapter46.html; see also Eusebius, Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine, 89; and Becker, Eagle in Flight, 32–33.
16. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:588.
17. Eusebius, Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine, 110.
18. Johnson, Christianity, 68.
19. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:588.
20. Levitt, “The Model for Messianic Community.”
21. Newton, “Twenty-Three Queries,” query 1.
22. Newton, “Irenicum.”
23. Newton, “Twenty-Three Queries,” query 2.
24. Newton, “Two Incomplete Treatises on Prophecy,” no. 8, first book, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00005.
25. Manuel, Isaac Netwon, Historian, 158.
26. Koloski-Ostrow, “Raising a Really Big Stink,” 43.
27. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions.”
28. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions.”
29. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:608, 624–25.
30. MacCulloch, Christianity, 428.
31. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:395.
CHAPTER FIVE. THE SEVERED HAND: MURDER IN THE FOURTH CENTURY AD, PART 2
1. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4.
2. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:450, 451.
3. Epiphanius, Panarion, 317.
4. Epiphanius, Panarion, 317.
5. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 2.
6. Epiphanius, Panarion, 317.
7. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:450.
8. Küng, Catholic Church, 35.
9. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 12.
10. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 12.
11. Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, “Alexandria.”
12. Dio Chrysostom, qtd. in Durant, Life of Greece.
13. Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, “Alexandria.”
14. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 12.
15. Anatolios, Athanasius, 227.
16. Anatolios, Retrieving Nicaea, 20.
17. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 2.
18. Qtd. in MacCulloch, Christianity, 218.
19. Qtd. in MacCulloch, Christianity, 222.
20. Johnson, Christianity, 54.
21. Tichenor, Creed of Constantine, 89.
22. Cochrane, Christianity and Classical Culture, 198.
23. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 3.
24. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 13.
25. Theodoret, Ecclesiastical History, chap. 28, www.sacred-texts.com/chr/ecf/203/2030049.htm.
26. “The Canons of the Council of Nicea,” canon 1, www.christian-history.org/council-of-nicea-canons.html.
27. Theodoret, Ecclesiastical History, chap. 28.
28. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 10.
29. From Cave, Ecclesiastici, qtd. in Iliffe, “Prosecuting Athanasius,” 134.
30. Sozomen, Ecclesiastical History, chap. 26, http://biblehub.com/library/sozomen/the_ecclesiastical_history_of_sozomenus/chapter_xxvi_erection_of_a_temple.
31. Sozomen, Ecclesiastical History, chap. 26, http://biblehub.com/library/sozomen/the_ecclesiastical_history_of_sozomenus/chapter_xxvi_erection_of_a_temple.
32. Qtd. in Iliffe, “Prosecuting Athanasius,” 139.
33. Durant, Caesar and Christ, 498.
34. Johnson, Christianity, 94–95.
35. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 7.
36. Iliffe, “Prosecuting Athanasius,” 144.
37. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 5.
38. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 7.
39. Vidal, Julian, 46, 52, 178.
40. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:611.
41. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 15.
42. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 14.
43. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 14.
44. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 14.
45. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:623.
46. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1:696.
CHAPTER SIX. THE TEMPTATION OF SAINT ANTHONY
1. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 18.
2. E. Bisland, introduction to Flaubert, The Temptation of Saint Anthony, 4.
3. E. Bisland, foreword by Marshall C. Olds, The Temptation of Saint Anthony, xx.
4. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 18.
5. Westfall, Never at Rest, 502.
6. Qtd. in Westfall, Never at Rest, 502, from the Diary of Abraham de la Pryme, ed. Charles Jackson (Durham, 1870), 42.
7. Westfall, Never at Rest, 345.
8. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 19. Observations upon the
Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John, Mahuzzims, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00208.
9. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” questions 17, 19.
10. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” questions 17, 19.
11. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” questions 17, 19.
12. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 19.
13. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 19.
14. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, chap. 14, “Of the Mahuzzims,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00208.
15. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 19.
16. Newton, “Paradoxical Questions,” question 19.
17. Pagels, Revelations, 221.
18. Pagels, Revelations, 158.
19. Athanasius, 39th Festal Letter, Christian Classics Ethereal Library, www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf204.xxv.iii.iii.xxv.html.
20. Pagels, Revelations, 165.
CHAPTER SEVEN. THE GREAT APOSTASY
1. Sachar, A History of the Jews, 41.
2. Manuel, Isaac Newton, Historian, 162.
3. Newton, “A Dissertation upon the Sacred Cubit of the Jews and the Cubits of the Several Nations,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00276.
4. Force, William Whiston: Honest Newtonian, 129.
5. Josephus, Antiquities, 3.7.7.
6. Goldish, Judaism in the Theology of Sir Isaac Newton, 96–97.
7. John Spencer, qtd. in Manuel, Isaac Newton, Historian, 121.
8. Chambers, Victor Hugo’s Conversations, 279–80.
9. Merrill, Recitative, 68.
10. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4.
11. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4.
12. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4.
13. Churchill, Great Contemporaries, 268. This is Winston Churchill on Lloyd George, but his words apply equally well to Isaac Newton.
14. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00210.
15. Newton, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00270.
16. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 13, 14.
17. Goonetilleke, Joseph Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness,” 123.
18. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 9, 10.
19. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2.
20. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2.
21. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2.
22. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2.
23. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 2.
24. Gibbon, The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol I, 95–97.
25. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4.
26. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 17.
27. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 20–21.
28. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 2, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00196.
29. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 2, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00196.
30. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 2, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00196.
31. Castillejo, Expanding Force in Newton’s Cosmos, 33.
32. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 19.
33. Iliffe, Newton: A Very Short Introduction, 80.
CHAPTER EIGHT. APOCALYPSE 2060?
1. Newton, “The Synchronisms of the Three Parts of the Prophetick Interpretation,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00049.
2. Newton, “The Synchronisms of the Three Parts of the Prophetick Interpretation,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00049.
3. Newton, “The Synchronisms of the Three Parts of the Prophetick Interpretation,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00049.
4. Newton, “The Synchronisms of the Three Parts of the Prophetick Interpretation,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00049.
5. Smolinski, “Logic of Millennial Thought,” 263.
6. Smolinski, “Logic of Millennial Thought,” 263.
7. Iliffe, Newton: A Very Short Introduction, 81.
8. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.6, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00213.
9. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 2, chap. 3, www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00211.
10. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.6.
11. Iliffe, Newton: A Very Short Introduction, 84.
12. Newton, in “Two Incomplete Treatises on Prophecy,” and Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 3, chap. 3.
13. Iliffe, Newton: A Very Short Introduction, 63.
14. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 60.
15. Conrad, Heart of Darkness, 75.
16. Newton, “Three Draft Chapters on Prophecy,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00368.
17. Newton, “Three Draft Chapters on Prophecy,” www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00368.
18. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 7, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00201.
19. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 7, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00201.
20. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.1, www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00135.
21. Newton, Yahuda MS 7, 3g, fol. 13v; qtd. in Snobelen, “A Time and Times and the Dividing of Time,” 12, https://isaacnewtonstheology.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/newton-the-apocalypse-and-2060-ad.pdf.
22. Newton, Yahuda MS 7, 3g, fol. 13v; qtd. in Snobelen, “A Time and Times and the Dividing of Time,” 12, https://isaacnewtonstheology.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/newton-the-apocalypse-and-2060-ad.pdf.
23. Newton, Yahuda MS 7, 3g, fol. 13v; qtd. in Snobelen, “A Time and Times and the Dividing of Time,” 12, https://isaacnewtonstheology.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/newton-the-apocalypse-and-2060-ad.pdf; and Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 7.
24. Manuel, A Portrait of Isaac Newton, 378–79.
25. Newton, Yahuda MS 7, 2a, fol. 13r; qtd. in Snobelen, “A Time and the Dividing of Time,” 12.
26. Qtd. in Manuel, A Portrait of Isaac Newton, 379.
27. Qtd. in Manuel, A Portrait of Isaac Newton, 379.
CHAPTER NINE. THE CONVERSION OF THE JEWS
1. Amichai, Poems of Jerusalem, www.pij.org/details.php?id=1009.
2. Lamartine, A Pilgrimage to the Holy Land, 2:40.
3. Hammer, “What Is Beneath the Temple Mount?” www.smithsonianmag.com/history/what-is-beneath-the-temple-mount-920764.
4. Chandler, “Hal Lindsey: Prophet of the ‘Terminal Generation,’” in Doomsday, 53–61.
5. Qtd. in Snobelen, Restitution, 95, from Newton, “Of ye . . . Day of Judgmt & World to come,” Jewish National and University Library (Jerusalem), Yahuda MS 6, fol. 12r.
6. MacCulloch, Christianity, 7.
7. Burton, The Pageant of Stuart England, 270–71.
8. MacCulloch, Christianity, 773.
9. Buchwald and Feingold, Newton and the Origin of Civilization, 381.
10. Johnson, Christianity, 276; and see Dimont, Jews, God, and History, 293.
11. Snobelen, “Mystery of This Restitution,” 104.
12. Keynes, “Newton the Man,” 316.
13. Qtd. in Dry, The Newton Papers, 162.
14. Qtd. in Dry, The Newton Papers, 163.
15. Qtd. in Snobelen, “Mystery of Thi
s Restitution,” 102–3.
16. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.4, www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00182.
17. Snobelen, “The Mystery of This Restitution,” 99.
18. Snobelen, “The Mystery of This Restitution,” 99.
19. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.1.
20. Goldish, Judaism and the Theology of Isaac Newton, 66.
21. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.1.
22. Newton, “Untitled Treatise on Revelation,” section 1.1.
23. Snobelen, “The Mystery of This Restitution,” 109.
24. Newton, “Treatise on Revelation,” section 1, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00216.
25. Newton, “Treatise on Revelation,” section 1, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00216.
26. Whiston, New Theory, “Hypotheses, Book 2,” 91–98.
27. Empedocles, qtd. in Whiston in New Theory of the Earth, “Hypotheses, Book 2,” 98.
28. Castillejo, Expanding Force in Newton’s Cosmos, 34.
29. Newton, Of the Prophesy of the Seventy Weeks (3 drafts), www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00369.
30. Dimont, Jews, God, and History, 394.
31. Sachar, A History of the Jews, 357.
32. Newton, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, part 1, chap. 10, www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00204.
33. Qtd. in Sachar, A History of the Jews, 357.
34. Johnson, History of the Jews, 521.
35. Castillejo, Expanding Force in Newton’s Cosmos, 34.
36. Snobelen, “The Mystery of This Restitution,” 95.
37. Qtd. in “Beauties of the Truth,” 8, www.beautiesofthetruth.org/Archive/Library/Doctrine/Mags/Bot/90s/BOTAUG07.PDF.
38. Qtd. in Chambers, “Did Newton Predict the State of Israel?”
39. Snobelen, “The Mystery of This Restitution,” 110.
CHAPTER TEN. WITH NOAH ON THE MOUNTAINTOP
1. Halley, “Some Considerations about the Cause of the Universal Deluge,” R.S.S. no. 383, 118, http://archive.org/details/philtrans08240252.
2. Glassie, A Man of Misconceptions, 231–32.
3. Haycock, William Stukeley, 79.
4. Gilgamesh, Gardner and Maier, 226.
5. Qtd. in Tuval, “The Role of Noah,” 177–78.
6. Johnson, History of the Jews, 9–10.
7. Berlitz, The Lost Ship, 73–74.
8. Newton, “Miscellaneous draft portions of Theologiæ Gentilis Origines Philosophicæ,” www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/translation/TRAN00010.