Sissinghurst, an Unfinished History
Page 32
Gibbon, Constance 150
Gibbon, Edward 77, 221, 225
Glassenbury 128
Glendinning, Victoria 262
Glover, Jasper 200
gold ring, Celtic 101–2, 124
Goldyng, Robert 151
Golford Corner 97
Goudhurst 140
Gozzoli, Benozzo 261
Gralez, Ferdinando 229
Grant, Duncan 255
Great Chart 6
Greensand Hills 93, 122
Grose, Captain Francis 154, 178, 221
Guilford, Sir Thomas 203, 208
Hale, Benett 180
Hammer Brook 3–4, 5, 6–7, 10, 33, 37, 38, 58, 73, 81, 95, 114, 127, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 147, 148, 190, 199, 214, 217, 232, 295
Hammer Mill 5, 134, 146, 147, 200–1, 215, 232, 237–8, 250, 278
Hammer Stream 238
Hammer Wood 232
Hampshire Militia 77, 154, 221
Handbook of Organic Gardening 294
Hardie, Philippe 227–8
Hardregh, Thomas 151
Hareplain 132
Harington, Sir John 207
Harman, Richard 172
Hartley 131
Hartridge 123, 127
Haselden 141
Hasted, Edward 175
Hawkridge 127
Hazelden 132
Headcorn 93, 126, 133, 141, 150
Heaney, Seamus 136
Heir’s Farm Wood 134
Hemsted 132
Hemsted Forest 132
Henry VIII, King 182
Herth, Thomas 151
Hidcote 42
High Tilt 127, 133
High Weald 86, 99, 128
Hills, Ivan 48
Hochberg, Katrin 113, 156, 163
Hocker Edge 127
Holden, Patrick 309, 310, 311–12
Hollingbourne 126
Holmesdale, Viscount 101
Holred 141
Homer 321, 322
Honeysett, Mrs 44
Hornyold-Strickland, Mrs 159
Howard, Lady Frances 205
Hungerden 134–5, 137
Ibornden 132
Iden 132
Indenture Tripartite, This 323–6
Jackdaw Ridge 123–4
Jacob sheep 12, 28
James, Marjorie 314, 315
James, Professor 106
James, Thomas 314, 315
Jenkins, Simon 306, 308
Jones, Inigo 210
Jones, Jo 116
Keen, Mary 109
Kendall, Will 164
Kent 3, 6, 9, 14, 17, 36, 69, 76, 96, 142, 150, 163–4, 171, 172, 174, 177, 181, 184, 188, 192, 203, 210, 213, 214, 215, 217, 218, 227, 237, 239, 246, 249, 259, 261, 273, 302, 314; ancient 80, 81, 83; cloth-making in 174–5; custom of 126; farming 122, 138, 139, 140, 141, 145, 148; lanes 97, 98–9, 100; language 142, 144; manors 137–40; nomenclature 127–37; Roman 124, 125
Kent County Archives 323
Kent, King of 137–8
Keppel, Alice 262
Knole 16, 41, 43, 48, 180, 198, 209, 215, 225, 260–1, 262, 266–7
Kreutzberger, Sibylle 45, 46, 280–1
Lambarde, William 81–2
Land, The (Sackville-West) 81–2, 240
landscape: and place, distinction between 165, 318–19; as a language 318; beauty of farmed 327–8; history of 27, 165; passion for 164; Sissinghurst 23, 31, 32, 34, 38, 39, 54, 61, 68, 69, 70–1, 93, 105, 106, 128, 165–7, 169, 251, 295–8, 304, 305; Wealden 69, 127, 129, 200
language, landscape as 317–18
Language Instinct, The (Pinker) 316–17
Lashenden 135
Lees-Milne, Jim 22, 42, 178, 271
Leicester, Lord 205, 206
Levin, Bernard 264–5
Lewis, Robert 107, 313, 314–16
Light, Jonathan 70–1, 103–4, 107, 108, 111, 112, 113, 155, 168–9, 250–1, 252, 253
Little Bettenham Farm 245
Little Chart 133, 149
Lloyd, Christopher 33
Lossenham friary 151, 153, 175
Lovehurst 128, 134
Low Weald 4, 6, 93, 94, 97, 98, 99, 116, 123, 130, 316
Lower Farningham Farm 124
Lupton, Tom 290, 295, 296, 297
Lutyens, Edwin 16, 274
Macdermot, Niall 50–1
Maidstone 146, 173
Making of the English Landscape, The (Hoskins) 165
Mann, Edward 230, 231, 232, 234
Mann, Sir Horatio 323–4
Maplehurst 132, 135, 183
Mary Queen of Scots 16
Mary, Queen 177, 180, 182, 218, 239
Meadow Brook 134
Medhurst, Alison 19
Medhurst, Simon 19
Medway River 5, 81, 173
Melkhous 141
Mereworth 122, 131
Mesnard, René 224
Middle Ages 74, 131, 133, 139, 146, 148
Milestone Wood 141
Milkhouse 132–3, 141
Ministry of Works 49, 51
Moore, Charles 306–8
Morgan, Shirley 76, 77
Moss Force 318–19
Mottenden friary 150, 151, 153, 175
Murray, Simon 159–60, 161
National Archives, Kew 56, 58, 150, 180, 221
National Trust 107, 109, 308; A N’s relationship with 62–3, 68–71, 103–13, 119, 168–70, 209, 250, 253–4, 300–2, 303–4, 305; approval of part of A N’s Sissinghurst plan 253–4; area managers 70–1, 103; Bettenham farm and 247–8; commercial arm 158; director of marketing 301; donor families 47, 64–7, 104, 159–62; Draft Occupancy Agreement 64–7; Enterprises 117, 166–7; Gardens Panel 68; feasibility studies 103, 111; finance committee 47; Historic Buildings Committee 42; history of 42–3; HQ 253–4; Outline Proposal for a Draft Project Brief for an Investigation of the Business Case to go out to Tender for a Consultative Exercise 104–5; profit derogation, consideration of Sissinghurst request for 157, 166–7; Regional Committee 250–3; Regional Planning Group 168–9; rejection of A N’s ideas 168–70, 209, 250; Nigel Nicolson’s negotiations with 40, 43–53; shop, Sissinghurst 12, 32, 63; Special Trust in Credit 111; tea room, Sissinghurst 247–8; Visitor Services Manager 296; Vita’s room and 282, 285; wardens 116, 167–8, 291; Whitegate Farm and 209
Neve, Frederick William 238–9
Neve, George 76, 100–1, 153, 235–6, 237, 238, 241
Newenden 151
Nicolson, Adam 27, 28, 104; childhood and schooldays 1–30, 28; farming, views on modern industrial 308–29; father, relationship with 2, 3, 6, 17, 18–19, 25–7, 30–8, 40, 85, 186, 321; Homer, on nature of homecoming in 321–2; inventory of Sissinghurst project, 2009 304–5; lack of experience in steering large corporate body in new direction 53–4, 120–1; language of landscape, views on 316–18; landscape and place, views on 73, 165, 318–23; mother and 16, 17, 19–20, 21, 48–9, 52–3; National Trust and 62–3, 68–71, 103–13, 119, 168–70, 209, 250, 253–4, 300–2, 303–4, 305; National Trust approve plan for Sissinghurst 253–4; objections to vision of Sissinghurst 306–13; past, views on nature of 37–8, 71–2, 328–9; plan and vision for Sissinghurst 36–9, 62–3, 67–72, 103–13, 119, 168–70, 209, 250, 253–4, 251–4; puts plan for Sissinghurst into action 2007/08 290–303; rejection of ideas for Sissinghurst, National Trust 168–70, 209, 250; returns to Sissinghurst, 2004 30–8; significance of of Sissinghurst project beyond itself, views on 306–29
Nicolson, Ben (A N’s uncle) 23, 35, 257, 264, 267, 269, 274, 278
Nicolson, Harold (A N’s grandfather) 22, 23, 28, 47, 50, 57, 245, 256, 267, 269, 270, 281, 287, 288, 303; arrival at Sissinghurst 209, 268, 328–9; character 258, 328–9; documentary, reaction to proposals for a Sissinghurst 280; finances 44; garden and 78, 94, 193, 270, 271–2, 273, 274, 277; knighted 271; Lees-Milne and 42; love affairs 42, 256, 270; National Trust and 42, 43; Nigel Nicolson and 256–7, 263–5; Vita Sackville-West, relationship with 15, 17, 19, 261–2, 263, 266, 271, 282, 283, 289<
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Nicolson, Juliet (A N’s sister) 2, 19, 21, 22, 23, 34, 35, 52, 118, 265
Nicolson, Nigel (A N’s father) 22–3, 28, 29, 31, 51, 64, 72, 267, 269, 278, 305; AN and 2, 3, 6, 17, 18–19, 25–7, 30–8, 40, 85, 186, 321; Bettenham farm, sells 246; character 25–7; changes to Sissinghurst 29–30; illness and death 30–1, 32, 33–6, 40, 62; marriage 19–21; National Trust and 40, 43–53, 66, 111, 113; parents and 255, 256–8, 261–2, 263–5, 270, 271, 282, 288; Portrait of a Marriage 256–7, 263, 273; publicity campaign 118, 256–8; Shirley Morgan and 76, 77; social life 24
Nicolson, Philippa (A N’s mother) 16, 17, 19–20, 21, 48–9, 52–3
Nicolson, Rosie (A N’s daughter) 64
Nicolson, Sarah (A N’s wife) 30, 34, 63, 65, 103–4, 107, 109, 110, 111, 118, 120, 121, 163, 294, 298, 299, 300–1, 307, 308
Nicolson, Tom 28
Noah’s Ark farm 135
North Downs 6, 96
Odyssey (Homer) 321–3
Oliver, Tom 165–6
Otford 146
Oxford, Lord 206
Parr, Katherine 182
past, nature of/reconnecting with 37–8, 71–2, 328–9
Pavord, Anna 68
Peasant’s Revolt, 1381 171
Perambulation (Lambarde) 81–2
Petham, Elie Monmatre de 150
Petham, Manger de 150
Pevsner, Sir Nikolaus 178
Philipott, Thomas 210
Pig Earth (Berger) 37–8, 329
Pilgrim’s Way 6
Pinker, Steven 316
Piper, John 16
place, sense of/relationship with 2, 38–9, 73, 318–19, 328
Pluckley 150
Pope-Hennessy, James 22
Porritt, Jonathan 162
Portrait of a Marriage (Nicolson) 256–7, 263, 273
Proby, Merry 67
Proby, Sir William 67, 159
Protestantism 171–2, 177, 182, 183–5, 200, 212, 213
Punnett, Shirley 17, 112
Rackham, Oliver 27
Radclyffe, Thomas 204
Rat, François le 221
Rathbone, Jack 43–4, 46, 49
Reames, Johanne 181
Reformation 181–2, 184
Renaissance 173–208, 261
Reynolds, Fiona 62, 63, 71, 108, 159, 165, 166, 303, 304
Rochester 6
Rogley 132
Roman age 4, 83, 124, 125–6, 133, 148, 173
Roman road 4, 124, 125, 133, 173, 180
Romney Marsh 151
Roots, Sarah 156
Rosa gallica 195, 202
Rosa Mulliganii 51
Rothschild house, Waddesdon 109, 110
Rothschild, Jacob 109, 159, 160
Rothschild, Lady 109–10
Rousseau, Douanier 81
Royal Label Factory 52
RSPB 113
Rude, William de 149
Rumley, Peter 153–4
Ruthven, Jacqui 118
Sackville, Catherine 176
Sackville, Cecily 180, 181, 187
Sackville, Lord 259, 264, 266–7
Sackville, Pepita 259, 260, 286
Sackville, Thomas 176, 180, 183, 225–6
Sackville, Victoria 259
Sackville-West, Robert 6, 53, 121, 160
Sackville-West, Vita 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 45, 48, 156, 188, 195, 198, 218, 232, 239, 245, 257, 258, 267, 269, 281, 301, 303; arrival at Sissinghurst 201, 209, 240, 255, 267–70, 328–9; Bettenham farm, buys 245; Brissenden and Little Bettenham farms, buys 245, 278; childhood 260–1; death 28, 40, 246, 255, 282; estate 44; family history 176, 259–60; Farm Survey Form, 1941 57–8; finances 245, 259, 268, 281; garden and 78, 94, 193, 270–1, 272, 273, 274, 277, 287; ‘The Garden’ poem 287; gardening column in the Observer 280, 282; Harold Nicolson and 255, 261–2, 283, 289; Knole and 260–1, 266–7; The Land 81–2, 240; lifestyle at Sissinghurst 274, 276, 279; love affair with Violet Trefusis 262–6, 289; National Trust, relationship with 43; Nigel Nicolson and 255–6, 257–8, 259, 263–5; Ossie Beale and 243, 245; room in Tower 282–9; ‘Sissinghurst’ (poem) 69, 70, 268, 269, 303; ‘Sissinghurst Castle’ rose, discovers 195, 202
Sand Lane 126
Sandwich 6
Saville, Sue 67, 253
de Saxingherst family 140, 141–2, 148, 150, 153
Saxingherst, Galfridus de 140
Saxingherste, Stephen de 140
Saxinghurst, John de 140
Schwerdt, Pam 45, 46, 280
Scott, John Murray 259
Second World War 245–6, 278–9
Selborne 86
Seven Years’ War 219–32
Sheffield, Lady Douglas 205
Sidney, Philip 203
Sidney, Robert 207
Sinkhurst 134–5
Sissinghurst Castle: air-raid shelter 19; A N’s vision for see Nicolson, Adam; ancient origins 76–7, 80, 96–7; banqueting house, Elizabethan 15, 189, 196, 212; BBC television series on 303; bed & breakfast 248, 250, 302, 304; Big Room 15, 16, 158; bird life see birds; brand 63; brickwork 18, 28, 75, 78–80, 91, 100, 148, 154, 178, 191, 193, 233, 234, 235–8, 269, 272, 273, 280; buttery 194; café 32, 63, 112; car park 302; chapel 150, 194, 211; coffee shop 30; commercialisation, threat of 117, 118–19; cour d’honneur 190, 218; eighteenth century 217–34, 236–7; Elizabethan 15, 18, 34, 45, 46, 49, 78, 79, 80, 154, 187–208, 211, 276 end of the season at 255; fifteenth century 175–6; finances 48–9, 106, 111–12, 118, 119, 157–8, 215, 216, 218–19, 250, 251, 253; first appearance in written record 122–3, 140–1; First World War 238, 242; garden see Sissinghurst Castle Garden; gateway 18, 178, 179, 190, 191–2, 302; inventory of project, 2009 304–5; ironworks 190, 200–1, 203; kitchen 16, 20; lake 3, 8, 12, 77, 86, 94, 113, 270, 279; library 274; Long Gallery 227; Lower Courtyard 276 manor house 78, 148, 154, 178–80, 187–208; Middle Courtyard 194, 223, 226, 227; moat 2, 10, 12, 18, 33, 112, 153, 167, 178, 195, 203, 206, 223, 224, 227, 228, 242, 243, 268, 274; National Trust and see National Trust; 19th century 232 1920s 243–4; 1930s 244–5, 244, 276 1940s 245–6, 278–9; 1950s 246; 1960s 2–38, 246–7; 1980s 247–8; oak joists 92; objections to A N’s vision for 306–13; pantry 194; park-keeper’s lodge 189, 197; plan of 275; plant shop 30; ponds 189, 194–5; poor relief scheme 233–5; prisoner of war camp, eighteenth century 217–33, 236–7; Reformation 181–2, 184; Renaissance 173–208, 261; restaurant 29, 67–8, 69, 70, 105, 106, 116, 117, 120, 155, 157–8, 165, 166, 169, 251–5, 298–302, 307, 312; Roman age 4, 83, 124, 125–6, 133, 148, 173; Second World War 245–6, 278–9; seventeenth century 209–17; significance of project beyond itself 306–28; sixteenth century 15, 172, 176–208; soil 55–6, 68, 75, 114–16, 130, 137, 145, 291–2; South Cottage 15, 17, 45, 49, 153, 188, 235, 237, 240, 272, 276 Special Trust in Credit 111; staff 68, 110–11, 116–18, 119, 155, 290, 295–300, 302, 307–8; start of the season at 155–6; stewards 155; target qualities 111–12; ticket office 302; Tower, Elizabethan 15, 18, 34, 45, 46, 49, 85, 94, 97, 163–4, 188, 189, 191, 193, 195–6, 197, 198, 206, 223, 235, 237, 239, 259, 268, 270, 271, 272, 278, 281, 282, 285; traffic, sound of 31, 32, 36–7; trees see trees; Upper Courtyard 45, 273; visitors 24, 27, 30, 31, 34, 44, 47, 67, 68, 81, 85, 105, 106, 117, 118, 119, 142, 156, 166, 169, 188, 195, 217, 228, 247, 255, 258, 274, 277, 280, 282, 296, 297, 299–300, 302, 303; volunteers 68, 155, 291, 294, 295, 301, 305
Sissinghurst Castle Farm 30, 46, 54–61, 69, 70, 196–7, 233–4, 241–9; Banky field 114; barley 11, 56, 172, 237; barns 28, 67, 188, 189, 193–4, 236–7; birds see birds; Board 120; boat-race stream 2–3, 10; cattle 11, 12, 27, 30, 56, 58, 61, 70, 112, 172, 209, 237, 249; chickens 11, 12, 28, 70, 105, 249; Cow Field 55, 115, 118, 249, 254; dairy farming 11, 30, 112, 236, 237, 245, 246, 247, 309; deer 6, 80, 82, 84, 95, 97, 100, 131, 174, 189, 197, 198, 200, 202, 203, 206, 207, 238; Dog Field 2; Eight Acres 54; Eleven Acre Wood 232 farmers 54, 69, 70, 107, 209, 248–9, 278, 290, 302, 304; farmhouse, Victorian 11, 30, 197, 245, 250, 295; Floodgate Wood 146–7, 232 Frogmead 12, 54, 114, 147–8, 246–7,
295; granary 28–9; Graylins Wood 232 Hammer Brook 3–4, 5, 6–7, 10, 33, 37, 38, 58, 73, 81, 95, 114, 127, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 147, 148, 190, 199, 214, 217, 232, 295; Hammer Wood 232 hay 5, 11, 12, 19, 27, 28, 55, 59, 95, 137, 143, 148, 172, 189, 193, 278, 295, 304, 324, 325; hedges 10, 33, 37, 64, 65, 95, 112, 114, 132, 141, 142, 144, 169, 236, 253, 254, 273, 279, 291, 304, 305, 314, 316, 317, 324, 326; hops 11, 12–14, 27, 30, 54–5, 58, 61, 70, 73, 148, 172, 209, 236, 237, 245, 246–7, 278; Horse Race Field 45, 55, 75, 112, 237; hunting 6, 80, 82, 84, 95, 97, 100, 131, 174, 189, 196, 197, 198, 200, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 209–10, 238; Lake Field 78, 221; Large Field 54, 114, 116, 236; Legge Wood 232 Lodge Field 12, 54, 114, 197, 236, 243; Long Barn 265, 267, 272; Long Orchard 78; Lower Tassells 116; meadows 5, 56, 95, 102, 124, 128, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 143, 146–8, 172, 185, 189, 203, 215, 239, 245, 254, 262, 295, 304, 305, 315, 316, 324; Nine Acres 55; nineteenth century 232 1920s 243–4; 1930s 244–5, 244; 1940s 245–6, 278–9; 1950s 246; 1960s 2–38, 246–7; 1980s 247–8; oats 11, 56, 172; open days 290; orchards 11, 45, 58, 70, 78, 112, 114, 146, 173, 184, 190, 238, 246, 249, 253, 295, 297, 304; organic 60, 68, 112, 113–16, 157, 158, 162, 164, 167, 168, 302, 304, 305, 306–13, 315, 325; Park 12, 55, 75, 84, 93, 95, 137, 189, 196–200, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 210, 215, 216, 225, 232 236, 238; pigs 12, 19, 27, 28, 56–7, 70, 129, 137–8, 139, 143; plan of 292, 293; rental agreement, nineteenth century 323–6; Second World War 245–6; sheep 12, 28, 56, 70, 172, 237, 249; shop 105–6, 112, 120, 158, 165, 251; sixteenth century 15; soil 55–6, 68, 73–9, 82, 93, 114–16, 128, 130, 137, 145, 291–2, 294 Survey Record, 1941 56–8; trees/wood see trees; water troughs 304; Well Fields 55, 137, 215–16; wheat 11, 54, 56, 144, 145, 172, 237, 310, 311, 315; Whitegate Farm 209; woods 8–10, 46, 75–6, 124–5, 143, 189, 190, 201, 213–15, 238
Sissinghurst Castle Garden 2, 18, 31, 35, 70, 118, 155, 195, 211, 270–4; Cottage Garden 273; Delos 45, 112, 224, 272; Erechtheum 193; gardeners 45, 46, 116–17, 118, 119, 156, 162, 194, 255, 281, 294, 302, 307; glasshouses 280; Great Gate 192; Harold Nicolson and see Nicolson, Harold; Herb Garden 18, 45; Lime Walk 18, 45; Moat Walk 45, 153; Nuttery 18, 193, 273; oak in 2; Priest’s House 15, 49, 67, 162, 188, 193, 212, 237, 272, 274, 276 Rose Garden 18, 45, 224, 272, 273, 280; Second World War interrupts progress of 278; Sissinghurst Castle rose 195, 202; Spring Garden 273, 274; Tower Lawn 273; urns 274, 282; vegetable-growing 60, 68, 112, 156, 158, 166, 224, 272, 273, 290–1, 294, 300, 302, 304, 306–13, 307; Vita-Sackville West and see Sackville-West, Vita; White Garden 45, 51, 112, 163, 193, 195, 273, 274, 276, 280