quidem – indeed; certainly
quiēs, -ētis (f.) – quiet
quīnquāgintā (indeclinable) – twenty
Quintus, -ī (m.) – Quintus (abbreviated Q.)
quis?, quid? – who?; what?
quisquam, quaequam, quidquam (or quicquam) – anyone; anything (with negative) no one; nothing
quō – where
quō? – where (to)?
quod – because
quoque – also
rapidus, -a, -um – rapid; swift; swift-flowing
ratio, -ōnis (f.) – method; manner; reason; account; motive
ratiōcinor, ratiōcinārī, ratiōcinātus sum – reckon; argue
recens, -entis – new; fresh
recitō, -āre − recite; read out
rectissimus, -a, -um – most correct; most appropriate
reddō, reddere, reddidī, redditum – return; give back; give up; grant
redintegrō, -āre – renew; start again
reditus, -ūs (m.) – return
redūcō, redūcere, redūxī, reductum – lead back
refellō, refellere, refellī – disprove; refute
referō, referre, retulī (or rettulī), relātum – report, refer (to)
refugus, -a, -um – fleeing back; receding
rēgius, -a, -um – royal; of the king
regnō, -āre – rule; reign
regnum, -ī (n.) – reign; rule; power; kingdom
regō, regere, rēxī, rēctum – rule
relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relictum – leave (behind); abandon; give up
reliquus, -a, -um – remaining; (pl.) the rest; the others
remaneō, remanēre, remansī – remain; stay
Rēmī, -ōrum (m. pl.) – Remi (a people of Gaul)
remulcum, -ī (n.) – tow-rope
repentē – suddenly
repentīnus, -a, -um – sudden
reperiō, reperīre, reperrī, repertum – find; discover; perceive
repetō, repetere, repetī(v)ī, repetītum – ask back; return to; go back to
reprehendō, reprehendere, reprehendī, reprehensum – find fault with; blame
reputō, -āre – think; consider
rēs, reī (f.) – thing; matter; event
rēs gestae, rērum gestārum (f. pl.) – accomplishments
rēs novae, rērum novārum (f. pl.) – revolution; rebellion
rēs pūblica, reī pūblicae (f.) – state; republic (sometimes written as one word)
resistō, resistere, restitī (+ dat.) – resist
respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsum – reply
restituō, restituere, restituī, restitūtum – restore
retineō, retinēre, retinuī, retentum – retain
reus, -ī (m.) – defendant (in court)
revertō, revertere, revertī, reversum – return
revertor, revertī, reversus sum – return
rex, rēgis (m.) – king
Rhēnus, -ī (m.) – the Rhine river
Rhodanus, -ī (m.) – the river Rhône
rīdiculus, -a, -um – ridiculous; amusing; laughable
rīpa, -ae (f.) – bank (of a river)
rīvus, -ī (m.) – stream
Rōma, -ae (f.) – Rome
Rōmānus, -a, -um – Roman
ruō, ruere, ruī, rutum – rush
Sabīnī, -ōrum (m. pl.) – Sabines (an Italian tribe)
sacramentum, -ī (n.) – oath
sagitta, -ae (f.) – arrow
saltem − at least
salūtō, -āre – greet
sanctus, -a, -um – holy; sacred
sānē – truly; by all means
sanguis, -inis (m.) – blood
sānus, -a, -um – sane
sapiens, sapientis – sensible; wise; as noun = wise man
sapientia, -ae (f.) – wisdom
Sardinia, -ae (f.) – Sardinia
satis – enough
saxum, -ī (n.) – rock
Scaevola, -ae (m.) – Quintus Mucius Scaevola, a renowned lawyer (during Cicero's lifetime)
scandō, scandere – climb
scapha, -ae (f.) – boat
Sceledrus, -ī (m.) – Sceledrus (slave name)
scelus, sceleris (n.) – crime
scrība, -ae (m.) – clerk
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptum – write
Scythia, -ae (f.) – Scythia (an area in the north beyond the Black Sea)
sē – themselves (for declension, see Chapter 10)
sē recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptum – retreat; withdraw; recover
sed – but
sed etiam – but also
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessum – sit; remain seated
sēditiōsus, -a, -um – seditious; rebellious
sempiternus, -a, -um – eternal
senātus, -ūs (m.) – senate
senātūs consultum, -ī (n.) – decree of the senate
senex, senis (m.) – old man
sensus, -ūs (m.) – sense; feeling
sententia, -ae (f.) – opinion; feeling; purpose; idea; topic
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsum – sense; feel; perceive
Sēquanus, -a, -um – belonging to the Sequani, a Gallic tribe from the Seine area
sequor, sequī, secūtus sum – follow
sermo, -ōnis (m.) – conversation
serviō, servīre, servī(v)ī, servītum (+ dat.) – be devoted to; care for; serve
servitium, servitiī (n.) – slavery
servus, -ī (m.) – slave; servant
sēsē = sē
sevēritās, -ātis (f.) – severity; seriousness
sex (indeclinable) – six (see Appendix 3)
sī – if
sīc – thus
Sicilia, -ae (f.) – the island of Sicily
sīdus, -eris (n.) – star
signum, -ī (n.) – sign; seal; banner; military standard; statue
sileō, silēre, siluī – be silent
silva, -ae (f.) – forest; wood
similiter – in a like manner; similarly
sine (+ abl.) – without
singulāris, -e – singular; extraordinary; outstanding
sinō, sinere, sīvī, situm – allow
situs, -ūs (m.) – site; position
socer, -erī (m.) – father-in-law
socius, sociī (m.) – friend; ally
Sōcratēs, -is (m.) – Socrates (Greek philosopher, 5th century bc)
Sōcraticus, -a, -um – belonging to Socrates; Socratic
sōl, sōlis (m.) – sun
solum, -ī (n.) – ground; soil; region
sōlus, -a, -um – alone; only
soror, sorōris (f.) – sister
spatium, spatiī (n.) – distance; space; space (of time); opportunity
speciēs, -ēī (f.) – appearance
spērō, -āre (+ acc.) – hope (for)
spēs, -eī (f.) – hope
spīceus, -a, -um – made of ears of corn
spīritus, -ūs (m.) – air; breath
splendor, -ōris (m.) – splendor; brilliance
spoliō, -āre – despoil; rob
spolia, -ōrum (n. pl.) – spoils
stabiliō, stabilīre, stabilīvī, stabilītum – make firm; make stable
statim – immediately; at once
statua, -ae (f.) – statue
statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtum – establish; decide; consider
status, -ūs (m.) – state; condition
sterilis, -e – sterile; barren
stipula, -ae (f.) – stalk
studeō, studēre, studuī – be eager; apply onself to; study
stultus, -a, -um – stupid
stupeō, stupēre, stupuī – stop; stand still
stuprum, -ī (n.) – dishonor; disgrace
suādeō, suadēre, suāsi, suāsum (+ dat.) – advise (someone)
suāvis, -e – sweet; delightful
subeō, subīre, subi(v)�
�, subitum – undergo
subitō – suddenly
subsidium, subsidiī (n.) – assistance
subsum, subesse – underlie
subveniō, sunvenīre, subvēnī, subventum – help
succurrō, succurrere, succurrī, succursum (+ dat.) – come to the help of; occur to; come to mind
Suēbī, -ōrum (m. pl.) – the Suebi (a people of northeastern Germany)
Suessiōnes, -um (m. pl.) – Suessiones (a people of Gaul)
Sulla, -ae (m.) – Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Roman dictator 81-79 bc
Sulpicius, Sulpiciī (m.) – Publius Sulpicius Rufus; an orator, tribune 88 bc; put to death by Sulla in 88
sum, esse, fuī – be; exist (note: est can mean “there is” and sunt can mean “there are”)
summus, -a, -um – highest; greatest
sūmō, sūmere, sumpsī, sumptum – take
sumptus, -ūs (m.) – expense
superbus, -a, -um – proud
superī, -ōrum (or -um) – the gods above
superior, -ius – higher; (of time) past; previous
superō, -āre – overcome; be victorious; surpass
supplicātio, -ōnis (f.) – public prayer; public thanksgiving
supplicium, -iī (n.) – punishment
suspicor, suspicārī, suspicātus sum – suspect; believe; suppose
sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentum – withstand
suus, -a, -um – his own; her own; their own
Syrācūsae, -ārum (f. pl.) – Syracuse, a city in Sicily
Syria, -ae (f.) – Syria, a country in Asia
T. Ampius, -iī (m.) – Titus Ampius, a Roman politician
tabernaculum, -ī (n.) – tent
tabula, -ae (f.) – written document; will; (pl.) records
taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitum – be silent
tālis, -e – such, of such a kind
tam … quam – so (much) … as; as … as
tamen – however; nevertheless
tandem – at last; (in questions) pray; now
Tantalus, -i (m.) – punished in the Underworld; he stands in water and fruit trees are just above his head; however, when he tries to drink the water flows away and the fruit remains just beyond his grasp
tantum – only
tantus, -a, -um – so great; so much
tardius – more slowly
Tarquinius, -ii (m.) – Tarquinius Superbus, the last king of Rome
taurus, -ī (m.) – bull
tectum, -ī (n.) – roof; house
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctum – cover; protect; conceal
tellūs, -ūris (f.) – earth; region; land
tēlum, -ī (n.) – javelin; spear; weapon
tempestās, tempestātis (f.) – time; season; weather
templum, -ī (n.) – temple
tempus, -oris (n.) – time; crisis; (pl.) circumstances; troubles
teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentum – hold; have; maintain
tergum, -ī (n.) – back; in tergum – in the rear; behind
tertius, -a, -um – third (see Appendix 3)
testātus, -a, -um – manifest; attested
testificātio, -ōnis (f.) – testimony
testimōnium, testimōniī (n.) – testimony; evidence
testis, -is (m.) − witness
testūdō, testūdinis (f.) – tortoise; shelter (to protect besiegers)
Thēbae, -ārum (f. pl.) – Thebes
timeō, timēre, timuī – fear; be afraid of
timidus, -a, -um – fearful; frightened
titubō, -āre – totter; stagger; be in doubt; waver
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātum – lift up; raise; take away; remove
tormentum, -ī. (n.) – catapult
tot (indeclinable) – so many
tōtus, -a, -um – the whole of; all
trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditum – hand over
trādūcō, trādūcere, trādūxī, trāductum – lead across
tranquillitās, -ātis (f.) – tranquillity
trans (+ acc.) – across
transeō, transīre, transī(v)ī, transitum – cross over
transfīgō, transfīgere, transfīxī, transfīxum – transfix
tres, tria – three (see Appendix 3)
tribūnus, -ī (m.) – tribune
tristis, -e – sad
Troia, -ae (f.) – Troy
tū, tuī – you (sing.)
tumulus, -ī (m.) – hill; mound
turbulentus, -a, -um – turbulent; stormy; restless; troublesome
turgeō, turgēre, tursī – swell
turpis, -e – foul; disgraceful; shameful
turpitūdō, -inis (f.) – disgrace; shamefulness
turris, turris (f.) – tower; siege-tower
tūtus, -a, -um – safe
tuus, -a, -um – your (sing.)
ubi – when; where
ubi? – where?
ullus, -a, -um – any
ultio, -ōnis (f.) – act of revenge
ultra (+ acc.) – beyond
ūnā – together
unda, -ae (f.) – wave; water (in poetry)
unde – whence; from where
ūniversus, -a, -um – whole; entire
ūnus, -a, -um – one; alone (see Appendix 3)
urbs, urbis (f.) – city
urna, -ae (f.) – urn
urus, -ī (m.) – wild ox; ure-ox
usque – continuously
usque (+ ad + acc.) – up to
ūsus, -ūs (m.) – use; experience
ut (+ indicative) – when; as
ut (+ subjunctive) – that; so that, etc.
uter, utra, utrum – which (of two)
ūtilis, -e – useful; beneficial
ūtor, ūtī, ūsus sum (+ abl.) − use; exercise
vacō, -āre (+ dat.) – be at leisure for; rest from
vadimōnium vadimōniī (n.) – appearance in court; hearing
vagus, -a, -um – scattered; wandering
vallēs, -is (f.) – valley
vallum, -ī (n.) – rampart
vastitās, -ātis (f.) – waste; desert; devastation
vehementer – vehemently
vendō, vendere, vendidī, venditum – sell
venēnum, -ī (n.) – poison
veneō, venīre, veni(v)ī, venītum – be sold
venia, -ae (f.) – favor; forgiveness; veniam dō = grant forgiveness
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum – come
ventus, -ī (m.) – wind
vēr, vēris (n.) – spring
verbum, -ī (n.) – word
Vercingetorix, -igis (m.) – Vercingetorix (commander of the Gauls)
vērē – truly
vereor, verērī, veritus sum – fear
vergō, vergere – lie; be situated
vērō – assuredly; however; but; in truth
versor, versārī, versātus sum – spend one's time; engage (in); dwell; remain; concern oneself with
vertō, vertere, vertī, versum – turn
vērus, -a, -um – true
vester, -tra, -trum – your (pl.)
vestis, vestis (f.) – clothes
vetō, vetāre, vetuī, vetitum – forbid
vetus, -eris – old; former
vetustās, -ātis (f.) – long duration; great age
via Aurēlia, viae Aurēliae (f.) – the Aurelian Way
victor, -ōris (m.) – victor
vīcus, -ī (m.) – village
vidēlicet – evidently; clearly (literally = “it is plain to see”)
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum – see
vigeō, vigēre, viguī – flourish
vigilia, -ae (f.) – watch (time of keeping watch at night – four watches per night)
vigilō, -āre – watch; be watchful; be vigilant
vīgintī (indeclinable) – twenty
vincō, vincere, vīcī, victum – defeat
vindicō, -āre – punish
vinea
, -ae (f.) – siege-shelter
violō, -āre – violate
vir, -ī (m.) – man
vireō, virēre, viruī – be green; flourish
viridis, -e – green
virtūs, -tūtis (f.) – virtue; courage
vīs, vis (f.) – power; force; violence
vīta, -ae (f.) – life
vitium, vitiī (n.) – vice; fault
vītō, -are – avoid; escape
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum – live
vocō, -āre – call
volō, velle, voluī – want; wish
volucer, volucris (m. and f.) – bird
voluntās, -ātis (f.) – wish; desire
voluptās, -ātis (f.) – pleasure
vōs, vestrī (vestrum) – you (pl.); yourselves
vulnerō (or volnerō), -āre – wound
vulnus, -eris (n.) – wound
vultus, -ūs (m.) – face; expression
Vocabulary: English to Latin
Abbreviations: a. adjective, adv. adverb, comp. a. comparative adjective, conj. conjunction, interj. interjection, n. noun, pl. plural, pr. preposition, pro. pronoun, sg. singular, vi. verb (intransitive), vt. verb (transitive)
abandon vt. – see leave vt.
able, be vi. – possum, posse, potuī
about (= concerning) pr. – see concerning
about (= roughly) adv. – circiter
above adv. – suprā
absent, be (be away from) vi. – absum, abesse, āfui
accomplish vt. – gerō, gerere, gessī, gestum; agō, -ere, ēgī, actum
acquainted with, be (know) vt. – use nōvī (perf. of noscō)
across pr. – trans (+ acc.)
administer vt. – administrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum
advance vi. – prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sum
adviser n. – auctor, -ōris (m.)
Aedui n. pl. (Gallic tribe) – Aeduī, -ōrum (m. pl.)
afraid (frightened) a. – timidus, -a, -um; be afraid – see fear
Africa n. – Āfrica, -ae (f.)
against pr. – in (+ acc.)
agree vi. – consentiō, -īre, consēnsī, consēnsum
all a. – omnis, -is; all their goods – use all their things (n. pl.)
also (even) adv. – etiam; et
although conj. – cum (+ subjunctive); quamquam (+ indicative)
ambassador (legate) n. – legātus, -ī (m.)
among pr. – in (+ abl.); inter (+ acc.)
ancestors n. pl. – māiōrēs, -um (m. pl.)
and conj. – et; atque; -que
and so adv. – itaque
angry a. – īrātus, -a, -um (angry with – īrātus + dat.)
another a. – alius, alia, aliud; (of two) alter, alterius
any a. – ullus, -a, -um
anything pro. – quicquam
approach vt. – accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessum
Wiley's Real Latin Page 34