Breen, Dan (1894–1969): Born near Soloheadbeg, County Tipperary. Joined the Irish Volunteers in 1914; later served as quartermaster of the Third Tipperary Brigade. Co-planner of the Soloheadbeg Ambush and a member of Michael Collins’ counterintelligence squad.
Breen, Honora Moore: Dan Breen’s mother.
Brennan, Michael: FOC (first officer commanding), East Clare Brigade, Irish Volunteers; organizer of the first Clare flying column; later in charge of all three Clare Brigades of the IRA; commanded government troops in Limerick during the Civil War; became chief of staff of the Irish Army in the 1930s.
Brereton, Captain: British officer in Dublin during 1916.
Broy, Eamonn “Ned” (1887–1972): One of Michael Collins’ most valuable “Castle Spies” secretary to Collins during the Treaty negotiations; Garda commissioner, 1933–38.
Brugha, Cathal (1874–1922): Born Charles William St. John Burgess, in Dublin. Second in command under Eamonn Ceannt at the South Dublin Union during the Easter Rising; member of the Sinn Féin executive committee; chief of staff, Irish Volunteers, November 1917–April 1919; elected Member of Parliament for Waterford in 1918; presided at first Dáil Éireann and was appointed as its acting president.
Burke, Frank: Student at Saint Enda’s who fought in the Rising. Later last headmaster of Saint Enda’s.
Carson, Sir Edward (1854–1935): Leader of the Irish Unionist Party. In 1895 he was the Crown prosecutor at the trial that destroyed Oscar Wilde’s career and, ultimately, his life.
Chamberlain Austin: Leader of the British House of Commons and son of Joseph Chamberlain, a British politician who had been adamantly opposed to granting Home Rule to Ireland.
Childers, Robert Erskine (1870–1922): British-born, best-selling novelist (The Riddle of the Sands) and daring yachtsman. Mustered out of the Royal Air Force with the rank of major. Devoted to the cause of Irish freedom, Childers ran guns for the Volunteers before the 1916 Rising. With Desmond FitzGerald he managed the Republican Publicity Bureau and helped develop the Irish Bulletin. Teachtai Dála (member of the Irish parliament) for Wicklow; chief secretary to the Treaty delegation. Executed by the Irish Free State.
Childers, Molly: His wife.
Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer (1874–1965): British secretary for war; later prime minister.
Clarke, Kathleen Daly (1878–1972): Widow of Thomas Clarke. Member of Sinn Féin executive committee; arrested May 17, 1918, and deported without trial; returned in the general amnesty; worked for Irish National Aid Association and Irish Volunteers’ Dependants Fund; appointed a justice of the Republican Courts established in 1920. Later served as a sénator, then in 1939 became the first female lord mayor of Dublin.
Clarke, Thomas James (1857–1916): Member of the executive committee of the Irish Republican Brotherhood; first signatory of the Proclamation; executed by the British May 3, 1916.
Cleary, Bridget: Tipperary woman burned to death by her husband in 1895.
Clemenceau, Georges (1841–1929): Premier of France, 1917–1920; president of the Peace Conference at Versailles.
Cohalan, Judge Daniel J.: Judge in the New York Supreme Court and head of the Friends of Irish Freedom, one of the most influential Irish-American organizations.
Collins, Michael (1890–1922): Born at Woodfield, Clonakilty, County Cork. Member and later president of the Irish Republican Brotherhood; aide-de-camp to Joseph Plunkett during the 1916 Rising; secretary of the Irish Volunteers’ Dependants Fund; minister of home affairs, 1918; minister for finance, 1919–22; organizer of the Irish intelligence system; member of the Treaty delegation; chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State, 1922; commander in chief of Free State forces, 1922.
Connolly, James (1870–1916): Born in Edinburgh of County Monaghan parents, always considered himself an Ulsterman. Trade union organizer; dedicated Socialist; signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic; commandant-general of the Dublin forces during the 1916 Rising; executed by the British on May 12, 1916.
Cosgrave, William Thomas (1880–1965): Won the Kilkenny seat for Sinn Féin in 1917. First president of the Irish Free State.
Craig, Sir James: Succeeded Edward Carson as leader of Ulster Unionist Party; subsequently named prime minister of Northern Ireland.
Dalton, James Emmet (1998–1978): Former major in the British Army; director of training for the IRA in 1921; aide and advisor to Michael Collins; in charge of the bombardment of the Four Courts; briefly clerk of Seanad Éireann; later, made a film career in Hollywood and London.
Deasy, Liam (1896–1974): Member of the IRA executive committee and commandant-general of the Southern Division under Liam Lynch.
de Valera, Eamon (1882–1975): Born in New York City to an Irish mother. Commanded the Third Dublin Battalion during the 1916 Rising; was the last commanding officer to surrender; elected as Member of Parliament for Clare in 1918; president of the first Dáil Éireann; named president of the Irish Republic in 1921; resigned from Dáil Éireann after the Treaty was signed; led the anti-Treaty resistance. Became president of the Irish Free State in 1932.
Dillon, John (1885–1927): Upon the death of John Redmond became leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party.
Duffy, George Gavan (1882–1951): Barrister; prepared the defense for Roger Casement; helped arrange the First Dáil and draft its Constitution; elected TD for South Dublin. Member of the Treaty delegation.
Duggan, Eamonn (1874–1936): Solicitor; commandant in the Volunteers; elected TD for South Meath 1918–1923; member of the Treaty delegation; became minister for home affairs in the Free State government and later secretary to the minister for defense.
FitzGerald, Desmond (1888–1947): Director of publicity for Dáil Éireann 1919–1921; cofounder of the Irish Bulletin; minister for external affairs in the Free State government. Father of future taoiseach Garrett FitzGerald.
FitzGerald, Frank: Brother of Desmond FitzGerald.
Fitzgerald, Michael: Republican prisoner who died on hunger strike in Cork Jail.
Fitzsimons, Anna (later Kelly): Member of Sinn Féin office staff after 1916; worked on the Irish Bulletin.
French, John Denton Pinkstone: Commander in chief of the British Home Forces in 1916; appointed as lord-lieutenant of Ireland 1918–1921.
Fuller, Stephen: Member of the IRA; lone survivor of the blast at Ballyseedy; Fíanna Fail TD 1937–1942.
Gallagher, Frank (1898–1962): Cork-born journalist, cofounder of the Irish Bulletin; later first editor of the Irish Press; director of the Government Information Bureau in the 1950s.
George V (1865–1936): King of the United Kingdom, 1910–1936.
Griffith, Arthur (1871–1922): Journalist, editor of the United Irishman; publisher of Sinn Féin and founder of the Sinn Féin political party in 1905.
Hales, Seán: Dáil delegate murdered by Republicans.
Harrington, George and Michael: Reporters for the Cork Examiner.
Harrington, Tim: Their brother, and editor of the Irish Independent.
Healy, John: Editor of the Irish Times.
Hitler Adolf (1889–1945): Born in Austria; served in German army during WWI; joined German Workers Party (later National Socialist, or Nazi party); appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933; when offices of chancellor and president were merged he assumed the title of Führer and became dictator of Germany.
Hogan, Seán: Member of the Irish Volunteers; took part in the Soloheadbeg Ambush; commanded the flying column of the 3rd Tipperary Brigade; took part in the ambush of Lord French.
Hyde, Douglas (1860–1949): Founder and first president of the Gaelic League. Later first president of the Republic of Ireland.
Hyland, Joe: Michael Collins’ trusted taxi driver.
Joyce, Brian: Student at Saint Enda’s; fought in the Rising.
Kearney, Peader (1883–1942): Composer of “A Soldier’s Song,” which became the Irish National Anthem. Also the uncle of writer Brendán Behan.
Kiernan, Kitty
: Michael Collins’ fiancée.
Larkin, James (1876–1947): Leader of the Irish trade union movement.
Larkin, Peter: Brother of James Larkin and cofounder of the Workers’ Union of Ireland.
Lavery, Sir John (1856–1941), and his wife, Hazel Lavery: Sir John was a famous portrait painter whose wife was one of the acknowledged beauties of British society.
Lester, Seán (1888–1959): Journalist; editor of the Freeman’s Journal; director of publicity for the Free State government; appointed high commissioner for Danzig by the League of Nations; appointed last secretary general of the League of Nations in 1940.
Lloyd George, David (1863–1945): British minister of munitions and secretary of state for war; prime minister 1916–1922.
Lynch, Liam (1893–1923): Member of the supreme council of the IRB; commandant of Cork No. 2 Brigade in 1919; divisional commandant 1921; chief of staff of the Irish Republican Army following the Treaty.
Lynch, Patrick: Former Crown prosecutor who opposed de Valera in East Clare by-election, 1917.
Macardle, Dorothy (1899–1958): Historian; novelist; drama critic; worked for the Republican Publicity Bureau; author of the Irish Republic (1937).
MacBride, Maud Gonne (1865–1953): Legendary beauty who inspired W. B. Yeats. Married Major John MacBride, who was executed following the 1916 Rising.
MacBride, Seán (1904–1988): Son of Maude Gonne and Major John MacBride. Journalist; chief of staff of the IRA 1936–38; barrister; founder of Clann na Poblachta in 1946; minister for external affairs 1948; founder-member of Amnesty International; won Nobel Peace Prize in 1976.
MacCann, Pierce: Member of Dáil Éireann who died of influenza in Gloucester Jail.
MacCurtáin, Tomás (1884–1920): Lord mayor of Cork; murdered in 1920 by British order.
MacDermott, Seán (1884–1916): IRB organizer; one of the executed leaders of the 1916 Rising.
MacDonagh, John: Photographer and brother of Thomas MacDonagh (1878–1916), one of the executed leaders of the 1916 Rising.
MacDonagh, Joseph: Brother of Thomas and John; first headmaster of Saint Enda’s after Pearse’s death.
MacDonagh, Muriel: Widow of Thomas MacDonagh.
MacEoin, Seán: Member of the Irish Volunteers; vice-commandant, Longford Brigade; elected TD for Longford/Westmenath; commanded Free State forces in the midlands in 1922.
MacGarry, Seán: President of the supreme council of the IRB in 1917; general secretary of the Volunteers.
MacGilligan, Kathleen: Worked on the staff of the Irish Bulletin.
McGuinness, Joseph: Sinn Féin member elected Member of Parliament for South Longford while in prison.
McKelvey, Joseph: IRA officer from County Tyrone who defended the nationalist minority during the Belfast pogroms in 1920. Appointed chief of staff by the Four Courts garrison.
McKenna, Kathleen: Secretary to Desmond FitzGerald and Erskine Childers in the Dáil Department of Publicity; member of Irish Bulletin staff; private secretary to Arthur Griffith with the Treaty delegation.
MacNeill, Eoin (1867–1945): Born in County Antrim. Cofounder of the Gaelic League; university lecturer and historian; first president and chief of staff of the Irish National Volunteer Corps.
Macready, Sir Neville: Commander in chief of British forces in Ireland.
MacSwiney, Mary: Sister of Terence MacSwiney; dedicated republican; became a Teachtai Dála in Dáil Eireann.
MacSwiney, Terence (1879–1920): Succeeded Tomás MacCurtáin as lord mayor of Cork in 1920; arrested by the British; died while on hunger strike in Brixton Prison.
Maguire, Josephine and Sarsfield: Publisher and editor, respectively, of the Clare Champion.
Markievicz, Constance (1868–1927): Born in London, daughter of Sir Henry Gore-Booth and Georgina nee Hill, granddaughter of the Earl of Scarborough. Raised in County Sligo. Married Count Casimir Markievicz; founded Na Fíanna Éireann; became an officer in the Citizen Army; fought in the 1916 Rising; was the first woman elected to the British Parliament; refused to take her seat at Westminster and instead became the first minister for labor in Ireland.
Maxwell, General Sir John: Commander in chief of the British forces in Ireland during the 1916 Rising.
Mellows, Liam (1892–1922): Quartermaster general, Irish Republican Army.
Milroy, Seán: Member of the Sinn Féin executive committee and organizer of elections.
Mulcahy, Mary Ryan “Min”: She and her sister Phyllis were the last two civilians to see Seán MacDermott alive. Phyllis married Seán T. O’Kelly; Min married Richard Mulcahy.
Mulcahy, Richard (1886–1971): Second in command to Thomas Ashe during 1916 Rising; commandant, second Dublin Battalion; commandant, Dublin Brigade; chief of staff of the Irish Republican Army; commander of Free State military forces, 1922–23; elected Teachtai Dála for Dublin, 1922–43, and for Tipperary, 1944–61; minister of defense, 1923–24; senator, 1943–44; leader of Fine Gael Party, 1944–59; minister of education, 1948–51 and 1954–57.
Murphy, Joseph: Republican prisoner who died on hunger strike in Cork Jail.
Murphy, Sheila: Worked on the staff of the Irish Bulletin.
Murphy, William Martin (1844–1919): Businessman; owner of the Irish Independent newspaper, and chairman of Dublin United Tramways Company.
Nicholas II (1868–1918): Last tsar of Russia.
O’Brien, Nora Connolly: Daughter of James Connolly.
O’Callaghan, Michael: Lord mayor of Limerick, murdered by the Black and Tans. His wife subsequently became a Teachtai Dála in Dáil Éireann.
O’Connell, Kathleen: Eamon de Valera’s secretary.
O’Connor, Rory (1883–1922): Member of the IRB; director of engineering, Irish Republican Army.
O’Daly, Major General Paddy: Member of Collins’ assassination squad; led Free State assault on the Four Courts; general officer commanding, Kerry Command.
O’Duffy, General Eoin (1892–1944): Chief of staff, Free State Army, later commissioner of the Garda Síochána.
O’Dwyer, Rev. Dr. Edward Thomas: Bishop of Limerick, 1886–1917.
O’Flanagan, Father Michael: Vice-president of Sinn Féin.
O’Hegarty, Diarmuid: Member of the executive committee of the Irish Volunteers.
O’Higgins, Kevin (1892–1927): Elected in 1918 as Sinn Féin Member of Parliament for Laois; in 1919 was appointed assistant minister for local government in the first Dáil Éireann; in 1922 became minister for justice and external affairs in the Irish Free State. Established the Garda Siochána as an unarmed police force to replace the RIC. Assassinated in 1927.
O’Kelly, Seán T. (1881–1966): Member of the Irish Volunteers; fought in the Easter Rising; second president of the Republic of Ireland.
O’ Máille, Pádraig: Deputy speaker of the Third Dáil.
O’Malley, Ernest (1898–1957): Member of the Irish Volunteers; took part in the Easter Rising; captain of headquarters staff, South Tipperary Brigade of the IRA in 1920; president of the first Republican Land Court in East Limerick; commander second Southern Division, Irish Republican Army, and member of the IRA army council in 1922.
O’Sullivan, Christopher: Proprietor and editor of the Limerick Echo.
Parnell, Charles Stewart (1846–1891): Leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party.
Pearse, Margaret Brady (1857–1932): Mother of Pádraic and Willie Pearse. Elected to Dáil Éireann; subsequently became a senator and a member of the Fíanna Fail executive committee.
Pearse, Pádraic (Patrick Henry Pearse) (1879–1916): Born in Dublin. Educationalist; poet; barrister; member of the Gaelic League; founder of Saint Enda’s School in Rathfarnham; organizing director for the Irish National Volunteer Corps; member of the supreme council of Irish Republican Brotherhood; chief author and signatory of the Proclamation; commander in chief of the Republican forces in 1916; president of the Provisional Government of the Irish Republic; executed by the British on May 3, 1916.
Plunkett, George Noble: Made
a papal count for services to the Catholic Church; appointed director of the National Museum of Science and Art in 1907; won North Roscommon by-election, 1917; appointed minister for foreign affairs, 1919; member of Irish delegation to the Paris Peace Conference; father of Joseph Mary Plunkett.
Plunkett, Grace Gifford (1888–1955): Widow of Joseph Mary Plunkett.
Plunkett, Joseph Mary (1887–1916): Cofounder of the Irish Theatre; editor of the Irish Review; member of the military council of the IRB; director of military operations for the 1916 Rising; chief of staff, Headquarters Company, in the GPO. Executed by the British on May 4, 1916.
Quinn, Ellen: Young mother in Galway who was murdered by the Black and Tans.
Redmond John (1856–1918): Leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party. Born of Catholic parents in County Wexford, Ireland. Died March 6, 1918, and was replaced as party leader by John Dillon.
Redmond, Major William: Brother of John Redmond; Member of Parliament for East Clare; killed at Messines.
Robinson, Séamus: Commanded the South Tipperary Brigade; participant in th Soloheadbeg Ambush.
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882–1945): New York attorney; later became president of the United States.
Savage, Martin: Member of second Dublin Battalion, Irish Volunteers; fought in the GPO during the Easter Rising; shot during ambush on Lord French.
Shaw, George Bernard (1856–1950): Dublin-born playwright; literary critic; Socialist; winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925.
Smith, F. E., First Earl Birkenhead: Lord chancellor of Britain.
Smith, Patrick “The Dog”: Detective with G Division, Dublin Castle.
Stack, Austin (1879–1929): Commandant of the Kerry Brigade; member of supreme council of the IRB; IRA deputy chief of staff; elected Teachtai Dála for Kerry; appointed as minister for home affairs in 1921; set up Sinn Féin courts and appointed judges.
Steele, John: Foreign correspondent for the Chicago Tribune.
Tobin, Liam: In charge of Michael Collins’ intelligence office at Number 3 Crow Street.
Tone, Wolfe (1791–1828): Soldier, author, and revolutionary.
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