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Oedipus Trilogy

Page 13

by Sophocles


  Than straight we swept away all trace of dust,

  And bared the clammy body. Then we sat

  High on the ridge to windward of the stench,

  While each man kept he fellow alert and rated

  Roundly the sluggard if he chanced to nap.

  So all night long we watched, until the sun

  Stood high in heaven, and his blazing beams

  Smote us. A sudden whirlwind then upraised

  A cloud of dust that blotted out the sky,

  And swept the plain, and stripped the woodlands bare,

  And shook the firmament. We closed our eyes

  And waited till the heaven-sent plague should pass.

  At last it ceased, and lo! there stood this maid.

  A piercing cry she uttered, sad and shrill,

  As when the mother bird beholds her nest

  Robbed of its nestlings; even so the maid

  Wailed as she saw the body stripped and bare,

  And cursed the ruffians who had done this deed.

  Anon she gathered handfuls of dry dust,

  Then, holding high a well-wrought brazen urn,

  Thrice on the dead she poured a lustral stream.

  We at the sight swooped down on her and seized

  Our quarry. Undismayed she stood, and when

  We taxed her with the former crime and this,

  She disowned nothing. I was glad—and grieved;

  For 'tis most sweet to 'scape oneself scot-free,

  And yet to bring disaster to a friend

  Is grievous. Take it all in all, I deem

  A man's first duty is to serve himself.

  CREON

  Speak, girl, with head bent low and downcast eyes,

  Does thou plead guilty or deny the deed?

  ANTIGONE

  Guilty. I did it, I deny it not.

  CREON (to GUARD)

  Sirrah, begone whither thou wilt, and thank

  Thy luck that thou hast 'scaped a heavy charge.

  (To ANTIGONE)

  Now answer this plain question, yes or no,

  Wast thou acquainted with the interdict?

  ANTIGONE

  I knew, all knew; how should I fail to know?

  CREON

  And yet wert bold enough to break the law?

  ANTIGONE

  Yea, for these laws were not ordained of Zeus,

  And she who sits enthroned with gods below,

  Justice, enacted not these human laws.

  Nor did I deem that thou, a mortal man,

  Could'st by a breath annul and override

  The immutable unwritten laws of Heaven.

  They were not born today nor yesterday;

  They die not; and none knoweth whence they sprang.

  I was not like, who feared no mortal's frown,

  To disobey these laws and so provoke

  The wrath of Heaven. I knew that I must die,

  E'en hadst thou not proclaimed it; and if death

  Is thereby hastened, I shall count it gain.

  For death is gain to him whose life, like mine,

  Is full of misery. Thus my lot appears

  Not sad, but blissful; for had I endured

  To leave my mother's son unburied there,

  I should have grieved with reason, but not now.

  And if in this thou judgest me a fool,

  Methinks the judge of folly's not acquit.

  CHORUS

  A stubborn daughter of a stubborn sire,

  This ill-starred maiden kicks against the pricks.

  CREON

  Well, let her know the stubbornest of wills

  Are soonest bended, as the hardest iron,

  O'er-heated in the fire to brittleness,

  Flies soonest into fragments, shivered through.

  A snaffle curbs the fieriest steed, and he

  Who in subjection lives must needs be meek.

  But this proud girl, in insolence well-schooled,

  First overstepped the established law, and then—

  A second and worse act of insolence—

  She boasts and glories in her wickedness.

  Now if she thus can flout authority

  Unpunished, I am woman, she the man.

  But though she be my sister's child or nearer

  Of kin than all who worship at my hearth,

  Nor she nor yet her sister shall escape

  The utmost penalty, for both I hold,

  As arch-conspirators, of equal guilt.

  Bring forth the older; even now I saw her

  Within the palace, frenzied and distraught.

  The workings of the mind discover oft

  Dark deeds in darkness schemed, before the act.

  More hateful still the miscreant who seeks

  When caught, to make a virtue of a crime.

  ANTIGONE

  Would'st thou do more than slay thy prisoner?

  CREON

  Not I, thy life is mine, and that's enough.

  ANTIGONE

  Why dally then? To me no word of thine

  Is pleasant: God forbid it e'er should please;

  Nor am I more acceptable to thee.

  And yet how otherwise had I achieved

  A name so glorious as by burying

  A brother? so my townsmen all would say,

  Where they not gagged by terror, Manifold

  A king's prerogatives, and not the least

  That all his acts and all his words are law.

  CREON

  Of all these Thebans none so deems but thou.

  ANTIGONE

  These think as I, but bate their breath to thee.

  CREON

  Hast thou no shame to differ from all these?

  ANTIGONE

  To reverence kith and kin can bring no shame.

  CREON

  Was his dead foeman not thy kinsman too?

  ANTIGONE

  One mother bare them and the self-same sire.

  CREON

  Why cast a slur on one by honoring one?

  ANTIGONE

  The dead man will not bear thee out in this.

  CREON

  Surely, if good and evil fare alive.

  ANTIGONE

  The slain man was no villain but a brother.

  CREON

  The patriot perished by the outlaw's brand.

  ANTIGONE

  Nathless the realms below these rites require.

  CREON

  Not that the base should fare as do the brave.

  ANTIGONE

  Who knows if this world's crimes are virtues there?

  CREON

  Not even death can make a foe a friend.

  ANTIGONE

  My nature is for mutual love, not hate.

  CREON

  Die then, and love the dead if thou must;

  No woman shall be the master while I live.

  (Enter ISMENE)

  CHORUS

  Lo from out the palace gate,

  Weeping o'er her sister's fate,

  Comes Ismene; see her brow,

  Once serene, beclouded now,

  See her beauteous face o'erspread

  With a flush of angry red.

  CREON

  Woman, who like a viper unperceived

  Didst harbor in my house and drain my blood,

  Two plagues I nurtured blindly, so it proved,

  To sap my throne. Say, didst thou too abet

  This crime, or dost abjure all privity?

  ISMENE

  I did the deed, if she will have it so,

  And with my sister claim to share the guilt.

  ANTIGONE

  That were unjust. Thou would'st not act with me

  At first, and I refused thy partnership.

  ISMENE

  But now thy bark is stranded, I am bold

  To claim my share as partner in the loss.

  ANTIGONE

  Who did the deed the under-world knows well:


  A friend in word is never friend of mine.

  ISMENE

  O sister, scorn me not, let me but share

  Thy work of piety, and with thee die.

  ANTIGONE

  Claim not a work in which thou hadst no hand;

  One death sufficeth. Wherefore should'st thou die?

  ISMENE

  What would life profit me bereft of thee?

  ANTIGONE

  Ask Creon, he's thy kinsman and best friend.

  ISMENE

  Why taunt me? Find'st thou pleasure in these gibes?

  ANTIGONE

  'Tis a sad mockery, if indeed I mock.

  ISMENE

  O say if I can help thee even now.

  ANTIGONE

  No, save thyself; I grudge not thy escape.

  ISMENE

  Is e'en this boon denied, to share thy lot?

  ANTIGONE

  Yea, for thou chosed'st life, and I to die.

  ISMENE

  Thou canst not say that I did not protest.

  ANTIGONE

  Well, some approved thy wisdom, others mine.

  ISMENE

  But now we stand convicted, both alike.

  ANTIGONE

  Fear not; thou livest, I died long ago

  Then when I gave my life to save the dead.

  CREON

  Both maids, methinks, are crazed. One suddenly

  Has lost her wits, the other was born mad.

  ISMENE

  Yea, so it falls, sire, when misfortune comes,

  The wisest even lose their mother wit.

  CREON

  I' faith thy wit forsook thee when thou mad'st

  Thy choice with evil-doers to do ill.

  ISMENE

  What life for me without my sister here?

  CREON

  Say not thy sister here: thy sister's dead.

  ISMENE

  What, wilt thou slay thy own son's plighted bride?

  CREON

  Aye, let him raise him seed from other fields.

  ISMENE

  No new espousal can be like the old.

  CREON

  A plague on trulls who court and woo our sons.

  ANTIGONE

  O Haemon, how thy sire dishonors thee!

  CREON

  A plague on thee and thy accursed bride!

  CHORUS

  What, wilt thou rob thine own son of his bride?

  CREON

  'Tis death that bars this marriage, not his sire.

  CHORUS

  So her death-warrant, it would seem, is sealed.

  CREON

  By you, as first by me; off with them, guards,

  And keep them close. Henceforward let them learn

  To live as women use, not roam at large.

  For e'en the bravest spirits run away

  When they perceive death pressing on life's heels.

  CHORUS

  (Str. 1)

  Thrice blest are they who never tasted pain!

  If once the curse of Heaven attaint a race,

  The infection lingers on and speeds apace,

  Age after age, and each the cup must drain.

  So when Etesian blasts from Thrace downpour

  Sweep o'er the blackening main and whirl to land

  From Ocean's cavernous depths his ooze and sand,

  Billow on billow thunders on the shore.

  (Ant. 1)

  On the Labdacidae I see descending

  Woe upon woe; from days of old some god

  Laid on the race a malison, and his rod

  Scourges each age with sorrows never ending.

  The light that dawned upon its last born son

  Is vanished, and the bloody axe of Fate

  Has felled the goodly tree that blossomed late.

  O Oedipus, by reckless pride undone!

  (Str. 2)

  Thy might, O Zeus, what mortal power can quell?

  Not sleep that lays all else beneath its spell,

  Nor moons that never tire: untouched by Time,

  Throned in the dazzling light

  That crowns Olympus' height,

  Thou reignest King, omnipotent, sublime.

  Past, present, and to be,

  All bow to thy decree,

  All that exceeds the mean by Fate

  Is punished, Love or Hate.

  (Ant. 2)

  Hope flits about never-wearying wings;

  Profit to some, to some light loves she brings,

  But no man knoweth how her gifts may turn,

  Till 'neath his feet the treacherous ashes burn.

  Sure 'twas a sage inspired that spake this word;

  If evil good appear

  To any, Fate is near;

  And brief the respite from her flaming sword.

  Hither comes in angry mood

  Haemon, latest of thy brood;

  Is it for his bride he's grieved,

  Or her marriage-bed deceived,

  Doth he make his mourn for thee,

  Maid forlorn, Antigone?

  (Enter HAEMON)

  CREON

  Soon shall we know, better than seer can tell.

  Learning may fixed decree anent thy bride,

  Thou mean'st not, son, to rave against thy sire?

  Know'st not whate'er we do is done in love?

  HAEMON

  O father, I am thine, and I will take

  Thy wisdom as the helm to steer withal.

  Therefore no wedlock shall by me be held

  More precious than thy loving goverance.

  CREON

  Well spoken: so right-minded sons should feel,

  In all deferring to a father's will.

  For 'tis the hope of parents they may rear

  A brood of sons submissive, keen to avenge

  Their father's wrongs, and count his friends their own.

  But who begets unprofitable sons,

  He verily breeds trouble for himself,

  And for his foes much laughter. Son, be warned

  And let no woman fool away thy wits.

  Ill fares the husband mated with a shrew,

  And her embraces very soon wax cold.

  For what can wound so surely to the quick

  As a false friend? So spue and cast her off,

  Bid her go find a husband with the dead.

  For since I caught her openly rebelling,

  Of all my subjects the one malcontent,

  I will not prove a traitor to the State.

  She surely dies. Go, let her, if she will,

  Appeal to Zeus the God of Kindred, for

  If thus I nurse rebellion in my house,

  Shall not I foster mutiny without?

  For whoso rules his household worthily,

  Will prove in civic matters no less wise.

  But he who overbears the laws, or thinks

  To overrule his rulers, such as one

  I never will allow. Whome'er the State

  Appoints must be obeyed in everything,

  But small and great, just and unjust alike.

  I warrant such a one in either case

  Would shine, as King or subject; such a man

  Would in the storm of battle stand his ground,

  A comrade leal and true; but Anarchy—

  What evils are not wrought by Anarchy!

  She ruins States, and overthrows the home,

  She dissipates and routs the embattled host;

  While discipline preserves the ordered ranks.

  Therefore we must maintain authority

  And yield to title to a woman's will.

  Better, if needs be, men should cast us out

  Than hear it said, a woman proved his match.

  CHORUS

  To me, unless old age have dulled wits,

  Thy words appear both reasonable and wise.

  HAEMON

  Father, the gods implant in mortal men

  Reason, the choicest gift bestowed by heav
en.

  'Tis not for me to say thou errest, nor

  Would I arraign thy wisdom, if I could;

  And yet wise thoughts may come to other men

  And, as thy son, it falls to me to mark

  The acts, the words, the comments of the crowd.

  The commons stand in terror of thy frown,

  And dare not utter aught that might offend,

  But I can overhear their muttered plaints,

  Know how the people mourn this maiden doomed

  For noblest deeds to die the worst of deaths.

  When her own brother slain in battle lay

  Unsepulchered, she suffered not his corse

  To lie for carrion birds and dogs to maul:

  Should not her name (they cry) be writ in gold?

  Such the low murmurings that reach my ear.

  O father, nothing is by me more prized

  Than thy well-being, for what higher good

  Can children covet than their sire's fair fame,

  As fathers too take pride in glorious sons?

  Therefore, my father, cling not to one mood,

  And deemed not thou art right, all others wrong.

  For whoso thinks that wisdom dwells with him,

  That he alone can speak or think aright,

  Such oracles are empty breath when tried.

  The wisest man will let himself be swayed

  By others' wisdom and relax in time.

  See how the trees beside a stream in flood

  Save, if they yield to force, each spray unharmed,

  But by resisting perish root and branch.

  The mariner who keeps his mainsheet taut,

  And will not slacken in the gale, is like

  To sail with thwarts reversed, keel uppermost.

  Relent then and repent thee of thy wrath;

  For, if one young in years may claim some sense,

  I'll say 'tis best of all to be endowed

  With absolute wisdom; but, if that's denied,

  (And nature takes not readily that ply)

  Next wise is he who lists to sage advice.

  CHORUS

  If he says aught in season, heed him, King.

  (To HAEMON)

  Heed thou thy sire too; both have spoken well.

  CREON

  What, would you have us at our age be schooled,

  Lessoned in prudence by a beardless boy?

  HAEMON

  I plead for justice, father, nothing more.

  Weigh me upon my merit, not my years.

  CREON

  Strange merit this to sanction lawlessness!

  HAEMON

  For evil-doers I would urge no plea.

  CREON

  Is not this maid an arrant law-breaker?

  HAEMON

  The Theban commons with one voice say, No.

  CREON

  What, shall the mob dictate my policy?

  HAEMON

  'Tis thou, methinks, who speakest like a boy.

  CREON

  Am I to rule for others, or myself?

  HAEMON

  A State for one man is no State at all.

  CREON

  The State is his who rules it, so 'tis held.

 

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