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INDEX
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations and maps.
adargas (large shields), 142
African slaves, 187, 201, 209–10, 220, 229, 232, 238, 240, 251, 261, 311, 329, 353–56, 373
agriculture, 40–42, 44, 45, 51, 110n, 157, 189–90, 214, 283, 308–9, 396
Agüero, Diego de, 251–52
Aldana, Hernando de, 74
Alexander VI, Pope, 33
Almagristas (followers of Almagro), 338–49
Almagro, Diego de, 259–74
ambition of, 26–27, 117, 120–22, 126, 130, 162–64, 259–64, 261, 262–64, 299–304
background of, 26–27, 120–21, 272, 304
concubine of, 173–74
Cuzco occupied, 167–68, 262, 266, 270–74, 283–84, 294
execution of, 299–304, 307, 311, 312, 318, 336–38, 343–44
as Extremadura native, 24, 26–27, 304
followers of (Almagristas), 338–49
as governor of New Toledo, 4, 163–67, 169, 171, 179, 187, 261–64, 265, 270, 287, 291–94, 299, 301, 304, 338
Manco’s relationship with, 170–71, 262–70, 271
as military commander, 136, 165–67, 170, 256, 258, 261–65, 268, 270–74, 283–84, 285, 291, 293–300
physical appearance of, 26, 30, 102, 116, 126
Pizarro brothers opposed by, 265–68, 270–74, 283–84, 286, 291–94, 299–304
as Pizarro’s partner, 4, 16, 24, 28, 30, 102, 116, 117, 120–22, 126, 130, 136, 154–55, 160, 162–64, 256, 259, 261, 262–63, 291–94, 299, 300–301, 312, 335
return of, 258, 259–74, 260
royal license granted to, 261, 262–64, 265, 270, 292, 294
southern expedition of, 169, 171, 172, 176–79, 183, 189, 233, 251, 258, 266, 285, 302, 338
wealth of, 169, 173–74, 178–79, 302
Almagro, Diego de (the younger), 302, 338, 341, 343, 344
alpacas, 33, 41, 45, 109, 110, 122n, 138, 235, 278, 290, 307, 317
Altamirano, Catalina Pizarro, 18n
Alvarado, Pedro de, 160, 162, 241–42, 283–84, 296
Alvarez, Toribio, 395
Amadis of Gaul, 128–29
Amaibamba Valley, 283
Amaru Cancha, 272, 273–74, 303
Amazon Rain Forest, 1, 9, 45–46, 98, 144–45, 150, 248, 281–83, 308, 322, 371–73, 380, 399, 415
&n
bsp; American Anthropologist, 450
Anadel, Pedro de, 124–25, 129
Añas Collque, 287
Anaya, Atilano de, 367, 368
ancestor cult, 150–52, 278, 281, 290, 309, 310
Andagoya, Pascual de, 27, 242
Andean Explorers Club, 415, 419, 424
Andean Explorers Club and Ocean Sailing Club, 424
Andean Explorers Foundation, 428, 433
Andean Mystery Group, 415–16
andenes (terraces), 214
Andes Mountains, 37, 41, 45, 54, 57, 60, 95n, 98, 113, 136, 172, 191, 234–36, 240, 244, 245, 252, 257–58, 266, 276, 279–83, 307–8, 321, 323, 325, 356, 380, 390, 415
Angare tribe, 253
anteaters, 308
Antis tribe, 95n, 144–45, 248, 275, 276, 278, 279–83, 308, 319, 320, 322–28, 347–49
Antisuyo: The Search for the Lost Cities of the Amazon (Savoy), 425–26, 427, 433–36, 452–53
Antisuyu quarter, viii, 9, 95, 144–45, 179–80, 274–83, 382–83
Apu of Wakay Willka, 279, 391
Apurímac, 382
Apurímac oracle, 205–6
Apurímac River, 205, 219, 315, 367, 368, 385, 437, 458–59
apu spirits, 197, 441, 461
apus (prefects), 158, 197, 441, 461
aqllacuna (women servants), 199
Aragon, 18n
Araucanian tribe, 261
archers, 144–45, 204, 206, 209, 248, 275, 278, 319, 347–49, 369
architecture:
Incan, 12–13, 112–16, 370–71, 381–82, 384, 385–86, 393, 395–97, 401, 407–11, 420–24, 430–33, 439–46, 447, 456–57, 459
Spanish, 250–51, 321, 370, 409, 422, 430, 431
Arequipa, 261
Arlington National Cemetery, 452
armor, 79, 81–82, 142–43, 144, 217n, 220n, 221, 225, 322
arrabal (slum), 19
arrows, 144–45, 204, 206, 209, 248, 275, 278, 319, 347–49, 369
Arteaga, Melchor, 7–8, 9, 11–12, 388, 392–95, 449
artillery, 70, 72, 81, 84–85, 142, 168, 238, 242, 272, 300
Art of War (Machiavelli), 193
Atabillo tribe, 253
Atahualpa, 48–57, 69–117
Almagro distrusted by, 117, 126, 130
captivity of, 2, 69–117, 121–22, 125, 126, 129–34, 138, 140, 152–53, 154, 159, 186, 211, 232, 240, 272, 287, 349, 351
divinity ascribed to, 100, 103
execution of, 15, 117, 119, 126, 129–37, 140, 147, 150n, 181, 239, 302, 326, 376, 472n
forced conversion of, 130–33
as Incan emperor, 3, 4, 37, 48–57, 58, 72–73, 80, 94–102, 103–7, 114, 116–17, 127–37, 138, 140, 141, 150, 153, 178, 179, 288
as military commander, 17, 57, 67–68, 69, 72–76, 79–80, 89–90, 92, 94, 127–28, 161, 178, 179
personality of, 64, 105–6, 126–27 physical appearance of, 60–61, 64, 75–76
Pizarro’s relationship with, 88–91, 94–102, 105–6, 116–17, 126–37
royal court of, 61–64, 100, 103, 106–7
Soto’s meeting with, 56, 59–68, 103
wealth of, 91–92, 94–102, 104, 116–17, 121–24, 125, 126, 130–31, 136, 138, 154, 162, 173, 187
Atoc-Sopa, 170
Atoq (“the Fox”), 50, 54
atrocities, 1, 15, 54, 57, 58, 64–66, 68, 77, 78–79, 81–85, 88, 92–93, 94, 138, 161–62, 176–77, 317, 328–30
awka kamayuq (provincial warriors), 203
ayllus (corded stones), 215
ayrihua (April), 189–90
Aztec Empire, 34–35, 48, 58, 66, 70, 89, 93, 110, 143
Badajoz, Spain, 225
Bahamas, 23
Balboa, Vasco Núñez de, see Núñez de Balboa, Vasco,
baptism, 329
Barco, Pedro del, 217
bartering system, 100–101
battle-axes, 53, 144, 204, 314, 365
Becerril, Juan, 186–87
Bell, Bernard, 455
Benalcázar, Sebastián, 56, 71–72, 161–62, 179, 233
beriberi, 453
Betanzos, Juan de, 46–47, 49n, 53, 308
Bible, 33, 277, 416
Bingham, Hiram, 7–14, 379–414
artifacts collected by, 451n
background of, 9–11, 380–81
Choqquequirau site visited by, 380, 382–88, 389, 390, 393, 397
Chuquipalpa site explored by, 361–62, 387, 398, 402–4
at Espíritu Pampa site, 405–9, 417–24, 446
as explorer, 7–14, 380–84, 389–400, 403–4, 410–11, 413–14, 417–24, 448–52, 453
fame of, 13–14, 398–99, 410–11, 448, 453
first expedition of, 7–14, 348, 379–414
Incan history studied by, 379–80, 384–87, 398, 399, 401, 402, 408, 430
Bingham, Hiram (cont.)
later expeditions of, 348, 409–10
local informants used by, 7–8, 9, 11–12, 382, 383, 384–90, 392–95, 399–403, 404, 406–7, 449
Machu Picchu ruins discovered by, 7–14, 392–99, 403, 408, 410–11, 413, 417, 418, 422, 423, 433, 436, 446, 448–52, 489n
maps used by, 383, 449–50
marriage of, 9–10, 381, 414
photographs taken by, 13–14, 383, 397
at Rosaspata site, 400–402, 403, 405, 420, 427
Vilcabamba discovered by, 13–14, 379–80, 384–87, 389, 393, 399, 402–11, 417–24, 427, 436, 446, 447, 450–51
Vitcos discovered by, 385, 386–87, 389, 393, 398, 399, 400–404, 420, 427
writings of, 13, 14, 392, 410–11, 417–18, 448–52, 489n
Yale University team headed by, 9–10, 381, 386–91, 394, 398–99, 403–4, 451n
black slaves, 187, 201, 209–10, 220, 229, 232, 238, 240, 251, 261, 311, 329, 353–56, 373
bolas (corded stones), 215
Bolivia, 31n, 41, 44, 177
Bombóm, 186
bowls (game), 334, 335
bows, 144–45, 204, 206, 209, 248, 275, 278, 319, 347–49, 369
Brandt, Anthony, 451
Brazil, 33, 323
bridges, 283, 288, 289, 321–22
Bronze Age, 144
Bueno, Martín, 108–16
Cabada, Elvira “Dolly” Clarke, 415
caballos (horses), 79–80
Cabo Blanco, 32–33
Cajamarca:
Atahualpa as captive in, 2, 69–117, 121–22, 125, 126, 129–34, 138, 140, 152–53, 154, 159, 186, 211, 232, 240, 272, 287, 349, 351
Atahualpa executed at, 15, 117, 119, 126, 129–37, 140, 147, 150n, 181, 239, 302, 326, 376, 472n
battle of, 17, 53, 58–59, 66, 67, 68, 81–85, 94, 128, 184, 186
Pizarro’s capture of, 53, 58–59, 59, 66, 67, 68, 94, 102, 103, 108, 113, 116–17, 121–24, 128, 131, 136, 138, 148, 154, 155, 161, 172, 184, 186, 188, 202, 262, 285, 310, 319
as Spanish stronghold, 121–24, 128, 131, 138, 148, 161, 172, 202, 262, 285, 310, 319
Calancha, Antonio de la, 360–62, 387, 388, 398, 402, 408, 417
Calca, 197–200, 202–3, 205–6, 226–27, 243, 269, 276
Callejón de Huaylas, 317, 342
Campa tribe, 371
canals, 249–50
Cañari tribe, 195, 201, 211, 215–16, 251, 329–30
Canary Islands, 20
Canchacanchajasa, 195
Candia, Pedro de, 70, 72, 81
cannibalism, 323
capac ñan (Incan highway), 234, 311–12, 315
Cape Verde Islands, 33, 77n
capitalism, 24–27, 100
capitulación (royal license), 35–36
caravel ships, 99
Caribbean islands, 22, 89, 143, 145
Carib tribe, 127
Carrasco, Sergeant, 7–8, 11, 12, 391, 393, 394–97, 399, 400, 405–6
Carretera Hiram Bingham (Hiram Bingham Highway), 451–52
Carta (Columbus), 19–20
Casas, Bartolomé de las, 118
cassava (alcoholic drink), 406
<
br /> castellanos, 146, 174, 302
Castile, 1, 18n, 33, 34, 35n, 57
Castilla de Oro, 27
Castillano language, 1
Cathedral of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, 335
Catholic Church, 1, 17, 33, 58, 70, 72, 76–79, 107, 130–33, 152, 153, 198, 206, 211, 212, 239, 273, 277, 284, 321, 358–65, 366, 373, 374, 376, 377–78, 414
cavalry, 53, 54, 60, 61, 67, 68, 79–80, 91, 116, 141–47, 148, 160, 172, 178, 194, 197–202, 203, 210, 213–20, 224–29, 233–58, 261, 262, 268, 273, 289, 295–97, 300, 312–15, 316, 317, 320, 321–25, 345, 368, 460
ceja de la selva (“eyebrow of the forest”), 307
Central America, 145
Cerro San Cristóbal, 254–55
Cerro Victoria, 456, 457
Chachapoya tribe, 195, 201, 211, 215–16, 233, 251, 268, 424
chacnac (whipping), 53
Chalcuchima, 51–53, 140, 181 Chamba, 162
chambi (axes), 53
Chanca tribe, 43–44, 437–38, 439
Charles V, King of Spain, 21n, 28, 34, 35–37, 62, 163–64, 187–89, 242, 246, 262–64, 265, 267, 287, 294, 302–3, 304, 315–16, 318, 333, 346, 350–52, 356
chaski runners, 42, 53–54, 96–97, 101, 102, 103, 197, 203, 207, 234, 237, 243, 257, 261, 287–88, 290, 315–16, 443, 444
Chauirco tribe, 253
Chávez, Francisco de, 317, 342 Chavin civilization, 415
chess, 106, 126
chicha (corn beer), 67, 73, 197, 206, 227, 269, 461
Chicha tribe, 316
chiefs, tribal, 64–66, 153, 159, 185, 187, 203–4, 228, 242, 274–78, 357, 367
Chile, 44, 150, 177–78, 183, 261, 271, 285, 287, 299, 302, 310, 338, 339, 358
chimuco (bushmaster snake), 452, 453
Chimu Empire, 42–43, 45, 47, 55
Chincha people, 100
Chinchasuyu quarter, viii, 179–80
chivalric novels, 128n
Cholula, 93
Chontabamba River, 308
chonta (palm wood), 281
Choqquequirau, 380, 382–86, 437, 450, 455, 457, 458–59
chronicles, Spanish, 1–5, 13–14, 42, 44, 46–47, 48, 49n, 53, 58, 61, 62–63, 74–75, 82–83, 84, 95–96, 102, 103, 106–7, 109–11, 114, 115, 140–52, 161, 168, 183–85, 214–16, 227–28, 235, 238, 241, 246, 256, 277–78, 281, 288–89, 295–96, 297, 308, 311–12, 326–30, 334–35, 360–62, 369–71, 380, 384–86, 387, 398, 399, 417, 418–19, 426–27, 430–31, 432, 438, 440–41, 447–48
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