Failure Is Not an Option

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Failure Is Not an Option Page 52

by Gene Kranz


  F-100 Super Sabres

  Faget, Max

  Failure

  not an option

  Faith 7

  Falcon

  Fendell, Ed

  Fenner, Will

  Field geology trip

  Fire-in-the-hole

  “Firefly” phenomenon

  Flight Control

  Air Force officers assigned to

  beer mug

  systems team

  toughness and competence

  turning point in

  Flight Control Branch

  Flight Control Division (FCD)

  Experiment Packages

  Kranz made chief of

  operations branches

  Simulation Branch

  Flight Control Operations Branch

  Flight control team

  Apollo 11

  emblem

  training of

  Flight directors

  colors retired

  debates among

  dual

  honorary title

  honored for Apollo 13, crisis resolution

  identifying colors

  job description

  lead

  mandate

  need for information

  pre-mission period

  and NASA management

  new generation of

  press conferences

  role of

  training

  Flight Dynamics

  Flight dynamics team

  see also Trench, The

  Flight Operations

  Flight Operations Directorate

  Flight Operations Division (FOD)

  Flight Readiness Review

  Apollo 11

  Flight rules

  Flight surgeons

  and EVA

  Flight tests

  manned

  Four-inch Flight

  Frank, Pete

  Freedom 7

  Freeman, Ted

  Frenchman’s Flat

  Friendship 7

  Fucci, Jim

  Fuel cells

  Apollo 12

  Apollo 13

  “Funnies” (anomalies, glitches)

  Gagarin, Yuri

  Gardner, Spencer

  Garman, Jack

  Gemini 1

  Gemini 2

  Gemini 3

  Gemini 4

  Gemini 5

  Gemini 6

  second launch attempt

  Gemini 7

  Gemini 8

  Gemini 9

  Gemini 9A

  second launch attempt

  Gemini 10

  Gemini 76

  Gemini missions

  duration of

  first manned

  Gemini program

  human factor in

  leadership of

  Gemini spacecraft

  German rocket scientists

  Gilruth, Robert

  became director of Manned Spacecraft Center

  Gimbal lock

  Glenn, John

  as CapCom

  orbital flight

  Go NoGo

  criteria for

  Go NoGo decisions

  Apollo 11

  Apollo 13 reentry

  Gemini-Titan

  Mercury-Atlas 6

  Mercury-Atlas 9

  Go NoGo mission rules

  EVA

  Go NoGo points

  Goddard, Robert

  Goddard Space Flight Center

  “Goddard voice”

  Goett, Harry

  Gold Team

  Goldin, Daniel

  Gordon, Dick

  Apollo 12

  Gordon Highlanders

  Green Team

  Greene, Jay

  Greenwich mean time

  Griffin, Gerry

  field geology trip

  flight director

  handing over to new generation of flight directors

  Griffith, Gerry

  Grissom, Virgil I. (Gus)

  Apollo 1

  CapCom at Mission Control

  death of

  first manned Gemini mission

  Gemini-Titan 3

  second manned Mercury mission

  Gruby, Chuck

  Grumman (Co.)

  Guaymas, Mexico

  Guidance, navigation, control (GNC)

  engineers

  Hage, George

  Haise, Freddo (Fred)

  Apollo 13

  CapCom, Apollo 14

  Ham (chimpanzee)

  Hamner, Scott

  Hangar S

  Hannigan, Jim

  Harlan, Charlie

  Hatcher, John

  Havenstein, Paul

  Hawaii CapCom

  Hawaii site

  Heat shield

  Apollo 13

  testing

  Hibbert, John

  Hill, Arthur

  Hirt, Al

  Hodge, John

  and Apollo 1 fire

  Apollo program

  Blue Team

  led Flight Control Division

  flight director for Gemini and Apollo

  Kranz deputy to

  in management

  and NASA planning

  and organization of Manned

  Spacecraft Center

  Hofbraugarten

  Holloman Air Force Base

  Holloway, Tommy

  Horizon sensors

  Houston

  Flight Controller Alley

  relocation to

  Houston Mission Control Center (MCC-H)

  Houston Petroleum Center

  Human factor

  Hunt, Shirley

  Hunter, Dan

  Huntsville, Alabama

  Huss, Carl

  Hutchinson, Neil

  I’Anson, Jim

  Irwin, Jim

  Apollo 15

  Iwo Jima (aircraft carrier)

  Johnson, Lyndon

  Johnson, Paul

  Judo

  Kamman, Jack

  Kapryan, Walt

  Kearsarge (carrier)

  Kelly, Tom

  Kennedy, John F.

  assassinated

  phone call to astronaut

  vow to land man on Moon

  Kennedy, Robert F.

  Kennedy, Ted

  Kennedy Space Center

  launch team

  Kerwin, Joe

  King, Martin Luther

  Kirkpatrick, Jeane

  Kitty Hawk

  Komarov, Vladimir

  Koos, Dick

  Korea

  Korean War

  Kraft, Chris

  and Apollo 1 fire

  and final Apollo missions

  flight director: Apollo

  flight director: Mercury

  flight director: MR-3

  FOD chief

  Gemini program

  head of four divisions

  Kranz’s relationship with

  legacy of

  promotion to MSC director

  Kranz, Gene

  Air Force flight training/pilot

  career, 13

  career: acting division chief for flight control

  career: Apollo program

  career: assistant flight director

  career: Chief of Flight Control Division (FCD)

  career: deputy to Hodge for Flight

  Control Division

  career: flight director

  career: lead flight director

  career: Mercury Control

  early life, education

  family, children

  mentors

  vests

  Kranz, Helen

  Kranz, Leo Peter

  Kranz, Louise

  Kranz, Marta Cadena

  courtship and marriage

  vests for husband

  Kranz, Peter Joseph

  Kundel, Keith

  Kyle, Howard

  Lackland Air Force Base

  Lake Champlain (airc
raft carrier)

  Landing and Recovery Division

  Langley Air Force Base

  Langley Research Center

  Laughlin Air Force Base

  Layton, Al

  Leadership/leaders

  of Kraft

  Leonov, Aleksei

  Lewis, Chuck (Skinny)

  Ley, Willy

  Liberty Bell 7

  Liebergot, Sy

  Life magazine

  Lindbergh, Charles

  Littrow, Johann von

  Llewellyn, John

  and Captain Refsmmat

  and Gemini missions

  judo

  reassigned

  Loden, Hal

  Loss of signal (LOS)

  Lousma, Jack

  Lovell, Jim

  Apollo 8

  Apollo 13

  Gemini 7

  Low, George

  Lunar exploration

  Lunar gravity

  Lunar landing

  Apollo 11

  Apollo 15

  Apollo 16

  first

  reasons to abort

  rehearsal for

  second

  Lunar mission plan

  Lunar missions

  alternate

  phases of

  Lunar module (LM)

  Apollo 5

  Apollo 9

  Apollo 11

  Apollo 12

  Apollo 13

  Apollo 14

  Apollo 15

  Apollo 16

  Apollo 17

  “funnies” in

  modifications in

  orbital flight test

  tests

  see also Computers: lunar module

  Lunar orbit

  Lunar orbit injection (LOI) maneuver

  Lunar program

  end of

  Lunar Rover

  Lunar science/scientists

  Lunney, Glynn

  flight director for Gemini and Apollo

  moved into management

  McCall, Bob

  McDivitt, Jim

  McDonnell Aircraft (Co.)

  engineers

  McDowell

  Macmillan, Harold

  Maloney, Jim

  “Man in space project”

  Manned Spacecraft Center (Houston)

  digitalized control center

  doubled in size

  Gilruth became director of

  organization of, for future space programs

  Manned spaceflight

  preparation for

  public mandate for

  Maroon Team

  Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC)

  Massachusetts Insitutute of Technology

  Mathews, Chuck

  Matthews, Fred

  Mattingly, Ken

  Apollo 16

  Mayer, John

  MCC

  see Mercury Control Center (MCC)

  “Mechanical man”

  Medical Research and Operations Directorate

  Medical specialists

  Mercury-Atlas 1

  exploded in flight

  Mercury-Atlas 3

  Mercury-Atlas 4

  Mercury-Atlas 5

  Mercury-Atlas 6

  Mercury-Atlas 7

  Mercury-Atlas 9

  Mercury-Atlas missions

  Mercury capsule

  attitude control systems

  escape system

  pocket checklist

  Mercury Control Center (MCC)

  and Apollo 1

  assistant flight director (AFD)

  and astronauts

  CapComs

  communications with

  crisis center atmosphere

  developed by Kraft

  lunch wagon

  manned missions

  MA-3

  MR-1

  MR-3

  new software

  original team

  Powers voice of

  voice and Teletype communications

  Mercury missions

  final

  Mercury program

  booster rockets

  closed out

  communications system

  debriefings

  delays in

  end of

  final party

  first orbital mission

  flight rules

  remote site CapComs

  second manned mission

  second orbital mission

  team professionalism

  tracking stations

  trajectory design

  Mercury-Redstone 1 (MR-1)

  Mercury-Redstone 3 (MR-3)

  Mercury Seven

  Mercury spacecraft

  Metcalf, George

  Military (the)

  Missile gap

  Missiles and Rockets (journal)

  Mission Analysis branch

  Mission control

  Mission Control

  astronauts and

  during critical events

  doctors in

  emblem

  flowers for

  human factor in

  Kraft and

  legacy of

  real-time role of

  Mission Control Center

  and Apollo 1 fire

 

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