by Jill Jonnes
“all arrangements”: William Patton to William Loeb, May 29, 1906, Cassatt Letterbooks, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“My best wishes”: William Patton to William Loeb, July 31, 1906. Cassatt Letterbooks, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“the cutting off”: A. J. Cassatt to J. B. Thayer, August 6, 1906, Cassatt Letterbooks, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“I am very glad”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, August 22, 1906, carton 37, folder 48/6, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“corporations caught trying”: W. A. Swanberg, Citizen Hearst (New York: Scribner’s, 1961), p. 291.
“Appeal to the dark”: Nasaw, The Chief, p. 211.
“ROOSEVELT CALLS HEARST”: “Roosevelt Calls Hearst Inciter of the Assassin,” New York Times, November 2, 1906, p. 1.
“I don’t like”: “Murphy Doesn’t Like Hearst,” New York Times, November 2, 1906, p. 1.
22. “THE ONLY RAILROAD STATESMAN”
“The sky-scrapers”: H. G. Wells, The Future in America (New York: Harpers & Brothers, 1906), pp. 35–36.
“the simple diet”: Charles McKim to Charles Moore, July 21, 1906, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“I fear nothing”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 249.
“pictures, tapestries”: Charles McKim to William Mead, July 12, 1906, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“Our sense of personal”: Charles McKim to E. D. Morgan, July 25, 1906, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“There can be no question”: Charles McKim to Ely, October 31, 1906, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“As quickly as the buildings”: Lorraine B. Diehl, The Late, Great Pennsylvania Station (New York: Four Walls, Eight Windows Press, 1996), p. 77.
“more than 300”: “Preliminary Report of the PRR Special Investigating Committee,” Railroad Gazette 41, no. 1 (July 6, 1906): 20.
“few, if any”: “Final Report of the PRR Special Investigating Committee, Part II” Railroad Gazette 42, no. 9 (March 1, 1907): 282.
“I have been somewhat”: A. J. Cassatt to William Patterson, August 11, 1906, Presidential Letterbooks, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“It was so severe”: Patricia T. Davis, End of the Line: Alexander J. Cassatt and the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: Neale Watson Academic Publications, 1978), p. 196.
“wire-rimmed spectacles” Ron Chernow, The House of Morgan (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1990), p. 89.
“No Harriman”: Davis, End of the Line, p. 196.
“active duties”: “President Cassatt’s Condition Improving,” Wall Street Journal, September 26, 1906.
“Will go south”: “Cassatt’s Successor May Be James McCrea,” New York Times, October 28, 1906.
“It is a commonplace”: “Pennsylvania,” Wall Street Journal, December 4, 1906.
“perspective of the waiting room”: Charles McKim to A. J. Cassatt, Nov. 12, 1906, carton 15, folder 32/13–32/19, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“It is going to be”: A. J. Cassatt to Charles McKim, November 14, 1906, carton 15, folders 32/13–32/19, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“thinks the whole scheme”: Leslie Shaw to A. J. Cassatt, March 10, 1906, carton 17, folder 32/95 v. 3, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“A strong effort”: A. J. Cassatt to Samuel Rea, Dec. 14, 1906, carton 17, folder 32/95, v. 3, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“movement of private car”: A. J. Cassatt to William Patton, December 28, 1906, President’s Letterbook, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Word was immediately sent”: “Cassatt’s Death Deposes America’s Railroad King,” Philadelphia Inquirer, December 29, 1906, p.
“personal dispatches”: Ibid.
“The sudden passing”: Samuel Rea to Mrs. Lois Cassatt, December 28, 1906, from a bound letter book of condolence letters and cards loaned by Jacques de Spoelberch, Cassatt descendent.
“While I knew he”: Samuel Rea to G. Parish, January 3, 1907, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, Carton 134, Folder 15, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“A. J. Cassatt Dies,” “A. J. Cassatt Dies of Grief,” New York Times, December 29, 1906, p. 1.
“Many men prominent”: “Prominent Financiers Think Cassett Died of a Broken Heart,” Philadelphia Evening Item, December 29, 1906.
“a great public servant”: Ibid.
“died of a broken”: Ibid.
“Her loss to us”: Davis, End of the Line, p. 179.
“He was not only,” William G. McAdoo to Mrs. Lois Cassatt, December 28, 1906, from a bound letter book of condolence letters and cards loaned by Jacques de Spoelberch, Cassatt descendent.
“was among the first”: “Alexander Cassatt,” New York Times, December 29, 1906, p. 8.
“I don’t know”: Davis, End of the Line, p. 143.
“Harriman may struggle”: Steven W. Usselman, Regulating Railroad Innovation: Business, Technology and Politics 1840–1920 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 309.
“He was a great man”: Samuel Rea to G. Parish, January 3, 1907, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 134, folder 15, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
23. “NEW YORK CITY SHAKEN”
“the supporting of streets”: Westinghouse, Church & Kerr Company. The New York Passenger Terminal of the Pennsylvania Railroad (New York: 1908), p. 5.
“plowed through the walls”: “Dynamite Blast Injures Twelve,” New York Times, May 26, 1907, p. 1.
“John Fitzpatrick”: Ibid.
“This happens occasionally”: Ibid.
“firemen from all”: “30 May Be Dead, Town Wrecked,” New York Times, March 3, 1907, p. 1.
“were awakened”: Ibid.
“looked as though”: “Explosions Felt 20 Miles Away,” New York Times, March 4, 1907.
“It may be that”: Session 159, March 9, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Stanford told me”: “Evelyn Thaw Tells Her Story,” New York Times, February 8, 1907, p. 1.
“she told of awaking”: Ibid.
“This little girl’s”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 282.
“I am afraid”: Charles Moore, The Life and Times of Charles Follen McKim (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1929), p. 299.
“The sky is blue”: Jean Strouse, Morgan: American Financier (New York: Random House, 1999), p. 505.
“Pennsylvania Terminal”: Charles McKim to Larry White, February 9, 1907, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“transplanting a large”: Charles McKim to Charles Barney, May 18, 1907, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“Since we commenced”: “Foundations of North River Tunnels,” Chief Engineer [Charles Jacobs], September 26, 1906, presented at session 137, Sept. 27, 1906, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47 PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“We are faced”: Ibid.
“he had to be personally”: “Memoir of Charles Walker Raymond,” Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers 77 (December 1914): 1901.
“Does Mr. Jacobs”: “North River Tunnels,” memorandum by the chairman of the Board of Engineers, Oct. 8, 1906, session 139, October 11, 1906, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 31/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“re-tightened and red-leaded”: “Behavior of Subaqueous Tunnels,” session 172, June 27, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR A
rchives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“any appreciable movement”: Samuel Rea to the Board of Engineers, session 171, June 5, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The insertion of steel”: Ibid.
“The success of the work”: “Tunnel Tubes in Soft Material,” Scientific American, June 8, 1907, p. 466.
“Here is a question”: “The Philadelphia Tunnels Condemned,” Philadelphia Inquirer, June 29, 1907.
“My first impulse”: Samuel Rea to James McCrea, memorandum, July 2, 1907, carton 15, folders 32/33, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“any movement”: “Behavior of Subaqueous Tunnels,” session 180, October 3, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“The interesting fact”: Ibid.
“The actual time”: Ibid.
“That the tunnels”: “Behavior of Subaqueous Tunnels,” session 184, November 7, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“In recent discussions”: Alfred Noble, p. 44, session 196, February 14, 1908, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“We ate them all”: Strouse, Morgan, p. 576.
“so that they may enjoy”: Ibid.
“as vigorously”: “Pennsylvania Road Slows Down A Bit,” New York Times, November 2, 1907, p. 1.
24. “THE WAY IS STONY AND WET”
“When we turn”: Charles Moore, The Life and Times of Charles Follen McKim (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1929), p. 299.
“The new Pennsylvania Station”: “The Greatest Railroad Station in the World,” Harper’s Weekly, May 9, 1908, p. 28.
“Poor McKim”: William Mead to Daniel H. Burnham, February 12, 1908, Charles McKim Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“When he goes to bed”: “East River Tunnels Finished,” Philadelphia Public Ledger, March 29, 1908, p. 1.
“procured a toy train”: Wiliam Couper, ed. History of the Engineering, Construction, and Equipment of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company’s New York Terminal and Approaches (New York: Isaac H. Blanchard, 1912.), p. 91.
“who devoted so much”: Samuel Rea to E.W. Moir, April 1, 1908, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 145, folder 14, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“There is one space”: Charles McKim to Samuel Rea, April 1, 1907, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 19, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“both a heavy”: William Mead to E. B. Morris, March 11, 1908, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 19, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“for any suggestions”: Ibid.
“not to be outdone”: Couper, History of the Engineering, Construction and Equipment, p. 91.
“two feet six”: “Sand Hogs Honor Engineer,” New York Times, March 21, 1908, p.4.
“In the mud”: “East River Tunnels Finished,” Philadelphia Public Ledger, March 29, 1908, p. 1.
“The millions of people”: “Tunneling of East River Was a Mighty Task,” New York World, March 29, 1908.
“rolls, then pickles”: “Sand Hog Band a Hit at Sherry’s” New York Times, March 12, 1907, p. 16:4.
“Long continued work”: Alfred Noble to Samuel Rea, Nov. 7, 1907, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 150, folder 5, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“At 7:05 o’clock”: “Final Blast Opens Pennsylvania Tube,” New York Times, April 12, 1908, pt. 2, p. 5:1.
“Walk From Hackensack Meadows”: Ibid.
“The Pennsylvania Railroad is”: Samuel Rea to William Bradley, May 7, 1908, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 145, folder 14, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“it had not been possible”: Session 204, May 6, 1908, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“In my opinion”: “Memorandum on Supports of North River Tunnels,” submitted by the Chairman, November 1, 1907, Session 183, November 1, 1907, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“I have, after”: Samuel Rea to Board, May 5, 1908, Session 204, May 6, 1908, Minutes of the Board of Engineers, carton 16, folders 32/47, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Above the columns”: “Granite Facade of Station Done,” New York Times, February 21, 1909, pt. 2, p. 6.
“The Manhattan terminal”: Carl W. Condit, “Railroad Electrification in the United States,” Proceedings of the IEEE 64, no. 9 (September 1976): 1353.
“argued more strongly”: Michael Bezilla, Electric Traction on the Pennsylvania Railroad, 1895–1968 (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980), p. 39.
“Any serious operating”: Ibid., p. 46.
“It was decided”: William D. Middleton, Manhattan Gateway: New York’s Pennsylvania Station (Waukesha, Wis.: Kalmbach Books, 1996), p. 43.
“showed not the slightest”: Bezilla, Electric Traction, p. 40.
“When you…come home”: Charles McKim to Larry White, April 21, 1909, Charles McKim Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“I think the sky line”: Charles McKim to Larry White, May 18, 1909, Charles McKim Papers., Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
“The new Metropolitan Life”: Ibid.
“The constantly increasing”: Ibid.
“It is regarded”: Samuel Rea to William Mead, June 22, 1909, McKim Mead & White, Penn Station papers, box 365, Department of Prints, Photographs and Architectural Collections, New-York Historical Society, New York.
“It took 1,140 freight cars”: “The Pennsylvania Railroad, Information for the Press,” July 31, 1909, McKim Mead & White, Penn Station Papers, file 3, Department of Prints, Photographs and Architectural Collections, New-York Historical Society, New York.
“The liberty of suggesting”: A. J. Cassatt to Leslie Shaw, June 2, 1904, carton 17, folders 32/95, PRR Archives, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
“Larry White was”: Moore, McKim, p. 305.
25. “OFFICIALLY DECLARE THE STATION OPEN”
“The conditions of”: William Couper, ed., History of the Engineering, Construction, and Equipment of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company’s New York Terminal and Approaches (New York: Issac H. Blanchard, 1914), p. 77.
“Everyone concedes”: Hilary Ballon, New York’s Pennsylvania Stations (New York: W. W. Norton, 2002), p. 79.
“While amply equipping”: Ibid., p. 55
“Poor health”: Lois Cassatt to T. DeWitt Cuyler, telegram, July 18, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 21, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“Mrs. White”: Charles Moore, The Life and Times of Charles Follen McKim (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1929), p. 305.
“the Red Cottage”: Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family (New York: Dial Press, 1996), p. 255.
“For a time”: “Architect McKim Ill,” New York Times, August 20, 1909, p. 2:5.
“the serene sky” Lessard, Architect of Desire, p. 255.
“as we have determined”: Samuel Rea to James McCrea, July 22, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, accession 1810, carton 147, folder 21, Hagley Museum and Archives, Wilmington, Delaware.
“With the unveiling”: “Remarks of President McCrea,” August 1, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 21, Hagley Museum and Archives, Wilmington, Delaware.
“When one considers”: Francis Barksdale, The Pennsylvania. Station in New York, p. 5, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 146, folder 10, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“almost unequaled”: Charles W. Raymond, “The New York Tunnel Extension of the Pennsylvania
Railroad,” Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers 68 (September 1910): 31.
“I am personally,” Samuel Rea to Charles Jacobs, August 1, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 21, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“I am quite well”: Samuel Rea to A. J. Cassatt, Aug. 18, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 147, folder 19, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“the severe criticism”: Samuel Rea, Pennsylvania Railroad New York Tunnel Extension: Historical Outline, December 15, 1909, (Philadelphia, 1909), pp. 22–23, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“Every agreement”: Ibid.
“the sadness”: “Pennsylvania Station,” Architectural Record 27 (June 1910): 519.
“argued with the conductor”: “Day Long Throng Inspects New Tube,” New York Times, September 9, 1910, p. 5.
“imperfect installation”: Ralph Peters, Pennsylvania Railroad Company press release, September 9, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 149, folder 22, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.
“For some weeks past”: Ibid.
“There were no personal injuries”: Ibid.
“More people resided”: Clifton Hood, 722 Miles: The Building of the Subways and How They Transformed New York (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992), p. 135.
“This line”: “PRR Vice President for 7th Av. Subway,” New York Times, May 19, 1908, p. 5.
“How red”: “Humiliations of a Triumph,” Journal American, September 9, 1910.
“the rather cheap”: Samuel Rea to Bert Hanson, Dec. 8, 1910, McKim Mead & White, Penn Station Papers, carton 365, Department of Prints, Photographs and Architectural Collections, New-York Historical Society, New York.
“A Frenchman”: “100,000 Persons See Penn Station on Opening Day,” New York World, November 10, 1910, p. 1.
“In thousands”: “Thousands See Station,” New-York Tribune, November 28, 1910, p. 1.
“The dense crowds”: Annexation of New Jersey,” New York Times, February 3, 1907, pt. 3, p. 4:1.
“Yesterday I witnessed”: James Forgie to Samuel Rea, November 28, 1910, Samuel Rea Papers, Accession 1810, carton 145, folder marked “Celebration upon completion of tunnels,” Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware.