A Thousand Days

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A Thousand Days Page 128

by Arthur M. Schlesinger

], [>]–[>]; presidential role in, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and State Department, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]; and career diplomat, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and the CIA, [>]–[>]; and foreign aid, [>]–[>]; and Charles River economists, [>]; and aid to underdeveloped nations, [>]; and economic gap, [>]; on fundamental task of foreign aid program, [>]; and population policy, [>], [>]; and Food for Peace, [>]; and Peace Corps, [>]; and pluralist world, [>]–[>]

  GOVERNMENT MOBILIZATION: Defense Department, [>]–[>], [>]; State Department, [>]–[>] passim; and permanent bureaucracy, [>]–[>]

  ILLNESSES, [>], [>], [>]; Addison’s disease, [>], [>]–[>]; in boyhood, [>]; back trouble, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]; at college, [>]; anemia, [>]; rocking chair, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  INAUGURATION, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]; inaugural address, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; artists and writers at, [>]–[>]

  DURING INTERREGNUM, [>]–[>]; role of Clifford and Neustadt, [>]–[>]; reassures the losers, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; assembles staff, [>]–[>]; reassures liberals, [>]; drafts program, [>]–[>]; task force concept, [>]–[>]; and disarmament, [>]

  LATIN AMERICA, [>]–[>]; and Alliance for Progress, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]; and social idealism, [>]; and Castro, [>]–[>]; and limited support, [>], [>]–[>]; visits, [>]; and Dominican crisis, [>]–[>]; and Argentina, [>]; and Peru, [>]–[>]; Latinos affection for, [>]–[>]

  NUCLEAR POLICY: and Bruce, [>]–[>]; and Rickover, [>]; view of, [>], [>]

  RELATIONSHIPS: and Stevenson, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and the liberals, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]; with Harvard, [>]–[>]; and LBJ, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]; and Blair, [>]; and newsmen, [>], [>]; and Sorensen, [>]–[>], [>]; and Nixon, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]; and Goodwin, [>], [>]; and Eleanor Roosevelt, [>], [>]; to crowds, [>], [>]; with his family, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]; with his friends, [>]; and Paul Douglas, [>]; and Robert Kennedy, [>], [>], [>], [>]; and Eisenhower, [>], [>], [>]; and the Establishment, [>]; and Lovett, [>]; and Rusk, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; and Reardon, [>]; and Dulles, [>]; and Khrushchev, [>]–[>], [>], [>] (see also Vienna); and McNamara, [>]; and Diefenbaker, [>]; and de Gaulle, [>]–[>]; and Macmillan, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and Acheson, [>]; and Adenauer, [>]–[>]; and Willy Brandt, [>]; with White House staff, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and Ormsby Gore, [>]–[>]; and ambassadors, [>], [>]; and Bohlen, [>]–[>]; and Bowles, [>], [>]; and Nehru, [>]–[>], [>]; and Galbraith, [>]; and Williams, [>]–[>]; and Ben Bella, [>]–[>]; and Bourguiba, [>]; and Touré, [>]–[>]; and Nkrumah, [>]; and Labouisse, [>]; and Murrow, [>]; and young people, [>]; within White House, [>]–[>]; and Neustadt, [>]–[>]; and FBI and Hoover, [>]; and Congress, [>]–[>]; and Jagan, [>]–[>]; and Monnet, [>]; and JCS, [>]. See also individual entries

  SOUTHEAST ASIA, [>]–[>]; Indochina, [>]–[>], [>]; Laos, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and Declaration for Neutrality of Laos, [>]; Sukarno and West New Guinea, [>]–[>]; “overcommitment,” [>]; LBJ visits, [>]–[>]; and Vietnam, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]; optimism for (1963), [>], [>]

  SPACE PROGRAM, [>], [>]

  SPEECHES, [>]–[>]; inaugural address, s, [>]–[>], [>]; accepts nomination at Los Angeles, [>]–[>]; Greater Houston Ministerial Association, [>]; on Quemoy-Matsu, [>], [>]; Al Smith dinner, [>]; at National Press Club, [>]–[>]; on Algeria, 1957, [>]; State of the Union, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; Puerto Rico, 1958, [>]; Tampa Latin-American speech, [>]; on Latin America, 1961, [>]–[>]; on Cuba (Cincinnati), [>]; at Pan American Union, [>]–[>]; in Boston before leaving for Vienna, [>]; on Berlin crisis, [>]–[>]; UN speech on disarmament, [>]–[>]; Yale commencement, [>]–[>], [>], [>]; at America’s Cup Races, Newport, [>]; at University of Costa Rica, [>]; on Cuban missile crisis, [>]–[>]; Gridiron Dinner, [>]–[>]; at Independence Hall, [>]; “Ich bin ein Berliner,” [>]–[>]; in Ireland, [>]–[>], [>] fn.; on world peace, American University, [>]–[>], [>], [>]; on Soviet-American cooperation in space, at UN, [>]–[>]; Vanderbilt University, [>]; on western U.S. tour, [>]–[>]; at Amherst College, [>]

  STATEMENTS (JFK’S) CONCERNING OTHERS: to Burns on liberalism, [>]; on Goldwater, [>]; on Luce, [>]; on Nixon, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]; on Sorensen, [>]; on his father, [>]; on ‘Irish Mafia,’ [>]; quotes Maugham on suffering, [>]; on Taft, [>]; on politics, [>]; to Neustadt on cabinet, [>]; to Clifford on cabinet, [>]; and Dillon, [>]; on David Bell, [>]; to Schlesinger on Stevenson, [>]; and Shriver, [>]; to Goodwin on Latin American speech, [>]; to Sharon on Latin America, [>]; on Batista, [>]–[>]; on Bay of Pigs, [>]; to Goodwin on Cuban operation, [>]; on Allen Dulles, [>]; on CIA, [>]; to CRC members on fiasco, [>]; to LBJ on Bay of Pigs, [>]; to Nixon on Laos, [>]; on the Presidency, [>], [>], [>], [>]; “I am the man who accompanied Jacqueline Kennedy to Paris,” [>]; to Khrushchev on “inevitability of change,” [>]–[>]; quotes Mao Tse-tung, [>]; to Wechsler on Berlin, [>]; to Rostow on East German refugees, [>]; to Rusk on negotiation, [>]; to Kekkonen on German reunification, [>]–[>]; on Bonn, [>]; on State Department, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; on Bowles, [>]; on nuclear testing, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]; on Joint Committee for Atomic Energy, [>]; on arms race, [>]; on Hammarskjöld, [>]–[>]; on defense spending, [>]; on Weis-ner, [>]–[>]; to Spaak on neutrals, [>]; to Burns on neutrals, [>]; on Harriman at Geneva, [>]; to Kekkonen on national independence, [>]; on Algeria, [>]; on domestic success, [>]; on economy, to Helper, [>], [>]; on businessmen, [>]–[>]; on Congressional Receptions, [>]; on Big Steel, [>]; to Sharon on cabinet meetings, [>]; on Alfred Landon, [>] fn.; on Democrats in Congress, [>]; quotes Jefferson, [>]; introduces Casals, [>]; on political liberalism and conservatism, [>]; to Kazin on writer’s destiny, [>]–[>]; on Balaguer, [>]; to Jagan on national independence, [>]–[>]; on Jagan, [>]; on accomplishments of Alliance for Progress, [>]–[>]; on McNamara in missile crisis, [>]; on OECD, [>]; calls test ban treaty “a step toward reason,” [>]

  STATEMENTS (OTHERS’) CONCERNING HIM: Rayburn to Stevenson on, [>]; Sevareid on JFK-Nixon similarities, [>]–[>]; Gilmour on, [>]; Mrs. Roosevelt on, [>]; Jacqueline Kennedy’s description of, [>]; Robert Kennedy on, [>]; Harriman on JFK’s concern with Congress, [>]; Haya de La Torre on, [>]; Gullion on, [>]; and Malraux, [>]; Sihanouk on, [>]; Ibe on JFK’s “magnetism,” [>]; Ben Bella on, [>]; Porter on presidential policy for Algeria, [>]; M’Ba of Gabon on, [>]; Walter Heller on economic perceptiveness of, [>]; on JFK as “listener,” [>]; Baughman on JFK egalitarianism, [>]; on ‘Kennedy image,’ [>]; Casals on, [>]–[>]; Carroll on, [>]; Mumford on, [>]; Fanfani on, [>]; Castro on, [>]; LBJ on, [>]

  AND TEST BAN TREATY, [>]–[>]; American University speech, [>]–[>]; and Macmillan, [>], [>]; congratulates Harriman, [>]; and Senate ratification, [>]–[>], [>]; and nuclear powers, [>]–[>]; non-aggression pact, [>]

  TEXAS TRIP, [>]–[>]; Stevenson wonders at wisdom of, [>]; O’Donnell discusses trip with, [>]; discusses Secret Service with O’Donnell and Jacqueline Kennedy, [>]; assassination, [>]

  AND UNCOMMITTED NATIONS, [>]–[>] passim; colonialism, [>], [>]–[>]; presidential diplomacy for, [>]; and neutralism, [>]–[>]; and backing of U.S. policy, [>]; Keita and Sukarno report on Belgrade meeting, [>]; and India, [>], [>]; and Goa, [>]–[>]

  AND VIENNA, [>]–[>], [>]; and freedom of choice, [>], [>], [>]; and Khrushchev’s view of intellectual freedom, [>]; and danger of “miscalculation,” [>]–[>]; and Laos, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]; and balance of world power, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; Khrushchev’s reminiscences on, [>]; describes meeting as “somber,” [>]; and cooperation in lunar program, [>]

  WAR EXPERIENCES OF, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, Jr., [>], [>]; in the White House, [>], [>], [>]; and Cuban Brigade, [>]

  Kennedy, Joseph P., [>], [>], [>], [>]; and McCarthy, [>]; New Dealers’ suspicion of, [>]; to JFK on choice of LBJ, [>]; JFK describes, [>], [>], [>]; as ambassador to Britain, [>], [>], [>]; as isolationist, [>], [>]; and Roosevelt, [>]; que
ries his son on wanting Presidency, [>]; quoted, [>]; and New York Establishment, [>]; hopes Robert to be Attorney General, [>]; to JFK on Bay of Pigs, [>]; and Macmillan, [>]; as businessman, [>]–[>]; to Minow on “television wasteland” speech, [>]

  Kennedy, Joseph P., Jr., [>]–[>], [>]; death of, [>]; vitality of, [>]; and Laski, [>]

  Kennedy, Kathleen, [>], [>], [>]

  Kennedy, Patrick Bouvier, [>]

  Kennedy, Robert F., [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; and McCarthy Committee, [>], [>]; and Humphrey, [>]; at Democratic Convention, Los Angeles, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>] [>]; and on LBJ, [>]; in campaigns, [>], [>], [>]; on JFK, [>], [>]; and JFK, [>], [>], [>]–[>]; and liberals, [>]–[>]; and Schlesinger, [>]–[>]; and cabinet post, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]; during interregnum, [>]; and Dillon, [>]; and Rusk, [>]; as Attorney General, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]; on Harriman, [>]; and Bay of Pigs, [>], [>], [>], [>]; visits Berlin Wall, [>]–[>]; and CIA, [>]; and Bowles, [>]; and uncommitted nations, [>]; visits Indonesia, [>], [>]; and Henderson plan, [>]; and Africa, [>], [>], [>]; Nihon University speech in Japan, [>]; on business’s distrust of Democrats, [>]; and youth, [>], [>], [>]; on Jacqueline Kennedy’s charm, [>]; during 1950s, [>]; characteristics of, [>]–[>]; family life, [>]; and Hickory Hill seminars, [>]; and civil liberties, [>]–[>]; on visas and travel restrictions, [>]–[>]; role of, within cabinet, [>]–[>]; and foreign affairs, [>], [>]; and fallout shelters, [>]; and Cuban missile crisis, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and release of Cuban freedom fighters, [>]–[>]; and nuclear proliferation, [>]; and civil rights, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and Metropolitan Club, [>]; and Meredith case, [>]–[>]; on Meredith, [>]; and James Baldwin, [>], [>]; meets with Negro artists and writers, [>]–[>]; attends Medgar Evers’s funeral, [>]; comments on Civil Rights Bill, [>]; respect of Negroes for, [>]; and Vietnam, [>], [>]

  Kennedy Library, [>], [>]

  Kennedy-Nixon Debates, [>]

  Kennedy or Nixon: Does It Make Any Difference? (Schlesinger), [>]

  Kennedy Recession, The (Rukeiper), [>]

  Kent, Frank, [>]

  Kenya, [>]

  Keppel, Francis, [>], [>]

  Kerr, Clark, [>]

  Keynes, John Maynard, [>], [>], [>], [>]; General Theory, [>]; The Means to Prosperity, [>] fn.

  Keyserling, Leon, [>], [>]

  Khrushchev, Nikita S., [>], [>]; and Nixon, [>]; and UN, [>], [>]; Harriman urges neutrality of, during campaign, [>]; sends JFK message on inauguration, [>], [>]–[>]; and Cuba, [>], [>]; pledges assistance to Castro, [>]; JFK drafts reply to, [>]–[>]; JFK approach to, [>]–[>], [>], [>]; on Communism, [>]–[>], [>], [>]; on nuclear war, [>]; on Laos, [>], [>], [>], [>]; reopens question of Vienna meeting, [>]; and German question, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; and disarmament, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]; and Berlin, [>], [>], [>], [>]; and JFK in Vienna, [>]–[>]; on intellectual freedom, [>]; on Mao Tse-tung, [>]; reminisces over Eisenhower, [>]; and reactionary regimes, [>]–[>], [>]; and Jacqueline Kennedy, [>]; aide-mémoire to JFK on Berlin, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; on Walter Reuther, [>]; reports to Russian people after Vienna, [>]–[>], [>]; impression of JFK, [>]; reaction of, to JFK Berlin crisis speech, [>]–[>]; tells Drew Pearson of admiration for John Foster Dulles, [>]–[>]; reports U.S.’s willingness to negotiate over Berlin, [>]; and nuclear testing, [>]–[>]; to McCloy on resumption of testing, [>]; reopens nuclear race, [>]; on Hammarskjöld, [>], [>]; and budget-watching, [>], [>]; and Africa, [>], [>]; JFK admiration for speeches of, [>]; and Latin America, [>]; and Soviet missiles in Cuba, [>]–[>]. [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; sends messages to JFK on missile crisis, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]; after missile crisis, [>], [>]; agrees to removal of IL-28s from Cuba, [>]; ‘mirror effect,’ [>], [>]; JFK correspondence re test ban, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; reaction of, to JFK American University speech, [>]; non-aggression pact, [>]–[>], [>], [>]; and test ban treaty negotiations, [>], [>]; and proposed non-proliferation treaty, [>]; discusses China with Harriman, [>]; announces signing to Moscovites, [>]; to Rusk on non-aggression pact, [>]; reaction of, to assassination, [>]. See also Soviet Union

  Killian, James, [>], [>]

  Killingsworth, Charles, [>]

  Kilpatrick, Carroll, [>]

  King, Martin Luther, Jr., [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>] [>]; Robert Kennedy intercedes in Georgia jailing of, [>], [>]–[>]; in Alabama, [>]; and JFK’s concern for civil rights, [>]; article by, in The Nation, [>]; JFK explains policy to, [>]; and executive order on housing, [>]; on administration’s civil rights activities, [>]; and Birmingham, [>]–[>], [>]; and federal troops in Alabama, [>]; at President’s meeting of civil rights leaders, [>], [>]; at civil rights march on Washington, [>]; on JFK, [>]

  King, Mrs. Martin Luther, [>]–[>], [>]

  Kirstein, Lincoln, [>]

  Kissinger, Henry, [>]; Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy, [>] fn.; and Berlin policy debate, [>]; role of, in preparation of Berlin policy, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; and arms control, [>]; on deterrence, [>]; and German nuclear weapons program, [>] fn.

  Kistiakowsky, George, [>]

  Klotz, Herbert, [>], [>]

  Knight, Goodwin, [>]

  Knights of Columbus, [>]

  Knowland, William, [>]

  Knox, William, [>]

  Kohler, Foy, [>]; at Vienna summit meeting, [>]; on Berlin, [>]

  Komer, Robert, [>], [>]; drafts disarmament argument, [>]; on value of arms control, [>]–[>]; and uncommitted nations, [>]; and Indonesia, [>]–[>]; and Middle East, [>], [>]; urges reappraisal of military effort, [>]; and Italy, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Kong Le, [>]–[>], [>]; and Laotian independence, [>]

  Korean War, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]; and U.S. economy, [>], [>]; and reduction of Army, [>]–[>]; JFK to Khrushchev as example of “miscalculation,” [>]; and foreign aid, [>]

  Kornienko, Georgi, [>]–[>]; questions Schlesinger on possibility of negotiation with Castro, [>]; Khrushchev questions about JFK, [>]; discusses Berlin problem with Schlesinger, [>]

  Korry, Edward, [>]

  Kossuth, Louis, [>]

  Kraft, Joseph, [>], [>]; and trade expansion bill, [>]

  Kreisky, Dr. Bruno, [>]

  Krock, Arthur, [>], [>]; and Tshombe’s proposed Washington visit, [>]; Buchwald on, [>]

  Krulack, General Victor, [>]–[>]; at high-level meeting on Vietnam, [>]–[>]

  Kubie, Dr. Lawrence, [>]

  Kubitschek, Juscelino, [>], [>]; and Operation Pan America, [>]

  Kuznetsov, V V, [>]; at Pugwash meeting, [>]; and on-site inspections for test ban, [>]–[>]

  Labor, U.S. Department of, [>]; and Roosevelt, [>]

  Labor movement, [>]–[>]; and JFK, [>], [>]; and trade expansion bill, [>]

  Labouisse, Henry, [>]; task force on foreign economic assistance, [>]–[>]; and ICA bureaucracy, [>]

  Lafayette Square, Washington, [>]

  La Malfa, Ugo, [>], [>]

  Lampman, Robert, [>]

  Landis, James M., [>]; and regulatory agencies, [>]

  Landon, Alfred M., [>] fn., [>]

  Landrum-Griffin Bill (1959), [>]

  Lanigan, James, [>]

  Lansdale, Brigadier General Edward, [>], [>]–[>]; report on guerrilla success in Vietnam, [>], [>]–[>]

  Laos, [>], [>]; JFK, Eisenhower discuss, [>]–[>], [>]; as Eisenhower legacy, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]; and Cuba, [>], [>]; Communists in, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]; Pathet Lao, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]; background of situation, [>]–[>]; cease-fire, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]; and Dulles, [>], [>], [>]; aid to, [>], [>], [>], [>]; domestic corruption, [>]–[>]; Vientiane Agreements, [>], [>]; and JFK diplomacy, [>]–[>], [>]; commitment of limited force, [>]–[>], [>]; and Khrushchev, [>], [>], [>], [>]; U.S. Military Assistance and Advisory Group, [>]–[>]; and Harriman, [>], [>], [>]–[>]; JFK, de Gaulle discuss, [>]; JFK, Khrushchev discuss, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]; U.S. neutralization policy for, [>], [>]–[>], [>]; and Macmillan, [>]; task force, [>]; Declaration of Neutr
ality, [>], [>]; coalition government, [>]–[>]. See also Geneva Agreement

  Laski, Harold, [>]; Jagan’s admiration for, [>]; The American Presidency, [>]

  Last Hurrah, The (O’Connor), [>]

  Latin America, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>];

  AND ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS, [>]–[>], [>]–[>] (see also Alliance for Progress)

  ARCINILCAS DEFINITION OF, [>]

  AND CASTRO, [>]–[>], [>]

  COMMUNISM IN, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  DE GAULLE ON, [>]

  DEMOCRACY IN, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]; JFK visit to, [>]; in Dominican Republic, [>]–[>]. See also under Alliance for Progress

  ECONOMIC POLICY FOR, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  FOREIGN POLICY FOR: in Eisenhower administration, [>]–[>]; in Truman years, [>]–[>]; and JFK’s policy of social idealism, [>], [>]

  JFK INTEREST IN, [>], [>]

  JFK VISITS, [>]–[>]

  AND NEUTRALS, [>]

  NIXON VISITS, [>], [>]

  AND SCHLESINGER: describes Latin America, [>]–[>], memo to JFK on, [>]–[>], [>]

  SOCIAL REFORM IN, [>], [>], [>]

  AND SOVIET MISSILES IN CUBA, [>]–[>]

  TASK FORCF, [>], [>], [>]–[>]; and Stevenson foreign policy report, [>]; and military support, [>]; 1961 report on, [>]–[>]; and Berle, [>], [>]; and bureaucrats, [>]

  U.S. IMACE IN: in 1950s, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]; “new Kennedy image,” [>]; and Bay of Pigs, [>]; and Peru, [>]; military coups in, [>]–[>], [>], reaction of, to assassination, [>].

 

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