Breakout from Juno

by Mark Zuehlke

  Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2005.

  Milner, Marc. D-Day to Carpiquet: The North Shore Regiment and the Liberation of Europe. Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions, 2007.

  Mitcham, Samuel W., Jr. Panzers in Normandy: General Hans Eberbach and the German Defense of France, 1944. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2009.

  Munro, Ross. Gauntlet to Overlord: The Story of the Canadian Army. Toronto: Macmillan, 1944.

  Nagórski, Zygmunt, Jr. Falaise Gap Has Been Closed. London: C. Tinling, 1944.

  Neillands, Robin. The Battle of Normandy, 1944. London: Cassell, 2002.

  Nicholson, G.W.L. The Gunners of Canada. Vol. 2. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1972.

  19 Canadian Field Regiment, rca : Regimental History, September 1941–July 1945. Deventer, NL: Nederlandsche Diepdruk Ihrichting, 1945.

  Pavey, Walter G. An Historical Account of the 7th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (17th Duke of York’s Royal Canadian Hussars). Gardenvale, QC : Harpell’s Press, 1948.

  Portugal, Jean E. We Were There: The Navy, the Army and the rcaf —A Record for Canada. 7 vols. Shelburne, ON: Battered Silicon Dispatch Box, 1998.

  Queen-Hughes, R.W. Whatever Men Dare: A History of the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada, 1935–1960. Winnipeg: Bulman Bros., 1960.

  The Regimental History of the Governor General’s Foot Guards. Ottawa: Mortimer, 1948.

  Reid, Brian A. No Holding Back: Operation Totalize, Normandy, August 1944. Toronto: Robin Brass Studio, 2005.

  Reynolds, Michael. Steel Inferno: i ss Panzer Corps in Normandy. New York: Dell, 1997.

  Rogers, R.L. History of the Lincoln and Welland Regiment. Montreal: Industrial Shops for the Deaf, 1954.

  Ross, Richard M. The History of the 1st Battalion Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa ( mg ). N.p., n.d.

  Roy, Reginald H. 1944: The Canadians in Normandy. Toronto: Macmillan, 1984.

  ———. Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955. Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958.

  Smith, Lawrence N. The History of the 23rd Field Regiment (S.P.) rca, World War ii . St. Catharines, ON: St. Catharines Standard, 1945.

  Snowie, J. Allan. Bloody Buron: The Battle of Buron, Normandy 08 July 1944. Erin, ON: Boston Mills Press, 1984.

  Spencer, Robert A. History of the Fifteenth Canadian Field Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery: 1941 to 1944. New York: Elsevier, 1944.

  Stacey, Charles P. The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944– 1945. Vol. 3. Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960.

  Stanley, George F.G. In the Face of Danger: The History of the Lake Superior Regiment. Port Arthur, ON: Lake Superior Scottish Regt., 1960.

  Stewart, Neil J. Steel My Soldier’s Heart. Victoria: Trafford, 2000. Tascona, Bruce, and Eric Wells. Little Black Devils: A History of the Royal Winnipeg Rifles. Winnipeg: Frye, 1983.

  Terkel, Louis “Studs.” “The Good War”: An Oral History of World War Two. New York: Pantheon, 1984.

  Trew, Simon, and Stephen Badsey. Battle for Caen. Phoenix Mill, UK: Sutton, 2004.

  Vanguard: The Fort Garry Horse in the Second World War. Doetinchem, NL: Uitgevers-Maatschappij, ‘C. Misset, 1945.

  Whitaker, W. Denis, Shelagh Whitaker, and Terry Copp. The Soldiers’ Story: Victory at Falaise. Toronto: Harper Collins, 2000.

  Whitsed, Roy. Canadians: A Battalion at War. Mississauga, ON: Burlington Books, 1996.

  JOURNAL ARTICLES

  Bechtold, Mike. “Lost in Normandy: The Odyssey of Worthington Force, 9 August 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 19, no. 2 (Spring 2010), 5–23.

  Bridge, Arthur. “‘In the Eye of the Storm’: A Recollection of Three Days in the Falaise Gap, 19 –21 August 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 9, no. 3 (Summer 2000), 61–68.

  Brown, Gordon. “The Capture of the Abbaye D’Ardenne by the Regina Rifles, 8 July 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 4, no. 1 (1995), 91–99.

  Copp, Terry. “Operation Spring: An Historian’s View.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 12, nos. 1–2 (Winter–Spring 2003), 63–70.

  Edmondson, John S., and R.D. Edmondson. “The Pawns of War: A Personal Account of the Attack on Verrières Ridge by the South Saskatchewan Regiment, 20 July 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 14, no. 4 (Autumn 2005), 49 –66.

  Grodzinski, John R. “‘Kangaroos at War’: The History of the 1st Canadian Armoured Personnel Carrier Regiment.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 4, no. 2 (Autumn 1995), 43–50.

  Jarymowycz, Roman Johann. “Canadian Armour in Normandy: Operation ‘Totalize’ and the Quest for Operational Maneuver.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 7, no. 2 (Spring 1998), 19 –40.

  ———. “Der Gegenangriff vor Verrières: German Counterattacks during ‘Operation Spring,’ 25–26 July 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 2, no. 1 (1993), 74–89.

  Maker, John. “The Essex Scottish Regiment in Operation Atlantic: What Went Wrong?” Canadian Military History. Vol. 18, no. 1 (Winter 2009), 7–19.

  Medland, Stan. “Confrontation in Normandy: The 3rd Canadian Anti-Tank Regiment on D-Day.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 3, no. 1 (1994), 54–60.

  O’Keefe, David R. “‘Pushing Their Necks Out’: Ultra, the Black Watch and Command Relations, May-sur-Orne, Normandy, 5 August 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 15, no. 1 (Winter 2006), 33–44.

  Patterson, David. “Outside the Box: A New Perspective on Operation Windsor—the Rationale behind the Attack on Carpiquet, 4 July 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 17, no. 2 (Spring 2008), 66 –74.

  Sesia, Maj. A.T. “General Simonds Speaks: Canadian Battle Doctrine in Normandy.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 8, no. 2 (Spring 1999), 69 –80.

  Simonds, Lt. Gen. G.G., “Operation Spring.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 1, nos. 1–2 (1992), 65–68.

  Smith, A. Britton. “A FOO at Troteval Farm, 20 –21 July 1944.” Canadian Military History. Vol. 14, no. 4 (Autumn 2005), 67–74.

  Wilson, David A. “The Canadian Role in Operation ‘Charnwood,’ 8 July 1944 : A Case Study in Tank/Infantry Doctrine and Practice. Canadian Military History. Vol. 8, no. 3 (1999), 7–21.

  WEBSITES

  Army Cadet History. www.armycadethistory.com/Vernon%20photo%20gallery/biography_Brig_Megill.htm (accessed December 7, 2010).

  “Biography of Generalleutnant Kurt Chill.” Axis Biographical Research. www.reocities.com/Pentagon/Bunker/7729/WEHRMACHT/HEER/Generalleutnant/CHILL_KURT.html (accessed January 25, 2011).

  Bomber Command, Campaign Diary, July 1944. July 7, 1944. www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/Jul44.html (accessed October 5, 2010).

  Canadian Army Overseas Honours and Awards Citation Details. DHH, DND. www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/gal/cao-aco/index-eng.asp (various citations and accession dates given in notes).

  Copp, Terry. “Reassessing Operation Totalize: Army, Part 27.” Legion Magazine. September 1, 1999. www.legionmagazine.com/en/?s=Reassessing+Operation+Totalize (accessed January 5, 2011).

  Damage and Civilian Casualties: Battle for Caen. www.servinghistory.com/topics/BattleforCaen::sub::Damage_and_Civilian_Casualties (accessed October 5, 2010).

  Honorary Colonel Charley Fox: Canadian Wartime Fighter Pilot. November 11, 2008. www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article5126145.ece (accessed November 17, 2010).

  “Major-General George Kitching, CBE, DSO, CD.” The Army Doctrine and Training Bulletin. www.army.forces.gc.ca/caj/documents/vol_02/iss_3/CAJ_vol2.3_01_e.pdf (accessed January 11, 2011).

  Nash, Doug. “History of the 272nd at Caen.” Der Erste Zug. www.dererstezug.com/272ndCaen.htm (accessed November 24, 2010).

  “Notes on the Diary by Pte. W.T. Booth (D-83056).” The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment of Canada) Regimental Archives. www3.ns.sympatico.ca/laird.niven/public_html/booth.htm (accessed December 2, 2010).

  Permanent Delegation of the Republic of Poland to nato . First Polish Armored Division. www.brukselanato.polemb.net/index.php?document=78
(accessed January 11, 2011).

  The Regina Rifles in w w ii . “War Diaries, Intelligence Logs,” Jul–Aug 1944. www.reginarifles.ca (all accessed July 15, 2009).

  UNPUBLISHED MATERIALS

  “Account by Maj. Bennett, ‘D’ Coy, RHC, of the Attack by the Black Watch on May-sur-Orne, 25 Jul 44, as given to Capt. Engler at Basse, 1 Aug 44.” 145.2R15.011(D7), DHH, DND.

  “Account by Sgt. Benson, Scout PL, RHC of the Attack by the Black Watch on May-sur-Orne 25 Jul 44. Given to Capt. Engler at Basse, 2 Aug. 44.” 145.2R15.011(D6), DHH, DND.

  “Account of A Coy Attack on Troteval Farm by Fus MRS on 23 Jul 44 Given to Capt Engler by Maj Dextraze at Caen, 30 Jul 44.” 145.2F1011(D5), DHH, DND.

  “Account of ‘A’ Coy RHLI in the Attack on Verrieres 25 Jul 44, Given by Maj Halladay to Capt Engler at Louvigny, 4 Aug 44.” 145.2R14.011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Actions of the Fus MR 19 –25 Jul 44 as Given by Lt-Col Gauvreau, OC.” 145.2R1011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Actions of the RHLI in the Battle of Verrieres as Given by Lt.-Col. Rockingham.” 145.2R14011(D3), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Actions of the Scout PL RHLI in the Attack and Holding of Verrieres, 25 Jul 44, as Given by Lt Hinton, Scout PL, to Capt Engler at Louvigny, 5 Aug 44.” 145.2R14.011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack and Capture of May-Sur Orne by FUS MR, Night of 7/8 Aug 44, Given by Maj. Brochu and Capt. Lamothe to Capt. Engler at Etavaux and May-sur-Orne, 12 Aug 44.” 145.2F1011(D4), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack and Holding of Verrieres by RHLI on 25 Jul 44, as Told by Capt. J. Williamson, 2IC, ‘C’ Coy, RHLI, to Capt. Engler, at Louvigny, 5 Aug 44.” 145.2R14.011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack by Essex Scottish on Caillouet, 0555, Night 7/8 Aug 44 Given by Maj. Burgess to Capt. Engler at Caillouet, on 10 Aug 44.” 145.2E3011(D5), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack by S Sask R on the High Ground in the Afternoon of 20 Jul 44 Given by Lt F. Mathers of ‘A’ Coy, S Sask Regt, at Villeneuve, 23 Jul 44.” 145.2S7011(D4), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack by S Sask R on the High Ground 0459 in the Afternoon of 20 Jul 44 Given by Maj L.L. Dickin ‘D’ Coy, S Sask R, at La Villeneuve, 23 Jul 44.” 145.2S7011(D5), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack by the Calg Highrs on Tilly-La-Campagne Night 31 Jul/1 Aug 44 as told to Capt. Engler by Lt. R. Porter, LO 5 BDE, at Basse, 2 Aug 44.” 145.2C1.011(D1), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack on La Commaderie 0644 14 Aug 44 by Fus Mr as Given by Maj. White to Capt. Engler at Ussy, 15 Aug 44.” 1452F1011(D8), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the attack on Louvigny night 18 –19 Jul given by Maj T.F. Whitley, R Regt C, as told to Capt Engler at Venoix, 20 Jul 44.” 145.2R17011(D4), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Attack on the Church in St. Martin-de-Fontenay by ‘D’ Coy, FUS MR, 31 Jul/1 Aug as Told by Maj. Dextraze to Capt. Engler at St. Martin-de-Fontenay, 3 Aug 44.” 145.2F1.011(D6), DHH, DND.

  “An Account of the Battle Experience of ‘A’ Coy, Algonquin Regiment, August 8 to 11 by Capt. (Now Major) C. Robertson O/C ‘A’ Coy.” 145.2A1013 (D1), DHH, DND.

  “An Account of the Battle Experience of ‘D’ Coy, Algonquin Regiment, Aug. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 1944 by Major Keith Stirling, O.C. ‘D’ Coy, Algonquin Regiment.” 145.2A1013 (D1), DHH, DND.

  “An Account of the Battle Participation of the Algonquin Regiment Between August 6 and August 11, 1944, Prepared by Major L.C. Monk.” 145.2A1013 (D1), DHH, DND. “Account of the Capture of the Monastery 144358 in Falaise by FUS MRs, Night 17/18 Aug 44, as Given by Maj. Brochu to Capt. Engler Near Dieppe, 4 Sep 44.” 1452F1011(D3), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Seizure of Bretteville-sur-Laize 0552 by the Calg Highrs, 8 Aug 44 by Lt.-Col. MacLauchlan to Capt. Engler at Bretteville-sur-Laize, 11 Aug 44.” 145.2C1011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the Seizure of the Bridgehead over the River Laize at Claire Tizon 0643, 13 Aug 44, by Calg Highrs as Given by Lt. Col. MacLauchlan to Capt. Engler at Bretteville sur Laize 15 Aug 44.” 145.2C1011(D3), DHH, DND.

  “Account of the S Sask R in the Attack on Le Chesnaie from Clair Tizon and the Attack on Falaise Given by Capt. N.H. Hadley, IO, S Sask R, to Capt. Engler at Falaise, 19 Aug 44.” 145.2S7011(D1), DHH, DND.

  “Action by RHC, Fontenay le Marmion–25 Jul 44.” 145.2R15.011(D12), DHH, DND.

  Algonquin Regiment War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “The Algonquins First Battle Inoculation by Lt. Ken Gartley, O.C. 11 Pl. ‘B’ Coy, Alg. R.” 1452A1013 (D1), DHH, DND.

  Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Attack on Beauvoir and Troteval Farms by FUS MR, 20 Jul 44 As Given by Capt. Maurice Gravel, IO FUS MR, to Capt. Engler at Etavaux, 28 Jul 44.” 145.2F1011(D1), DHH, DND.

  Blackburn, George. The History of the 4th Field Regiment. N.p., 1944.

  Black Watch of Canada War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. Possession of author.

  British Columbia Regiment War Diary, Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Calgary Highlanders War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Canadian Grenadier Guards War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Canadian Scottish Regiment War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Correspondence with J. Walter Keith based on his interviews of Jack Mooney,” Possession of the author.

  Crerar, Gen. H.D.G. “Reports by Gen H.D.G. Crerar, C.B., D.S.O., on Operations 1st Cdn Army to McNaughton: 7.11 Mar to 5 May 45.” RG24, vol. 10636, LAC.

  “Crerar Papers.” MG30 #157, vol. 7, 985C.001, LAC.

  8th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  8th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (14th Canadian Hussars) War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Essex Scottish Regiment War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Extracts Polish Armoured Division History.” RG24, vol. 10538, LAC.

  “5 Cdn Inf Bde report on use of artificial moonlight by Calgary Highrs-25 Jul 44.” RG24, 260C5.009 (D8), vol. 10978, box 304, LAC.

  5th Field Regiment, RCA War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  15th Field Regiment, RCA War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  1st Battalion, the Black Watch (RHR) of Canada War Diary, Mar–May 1944. RG24, LAC. “1 Bn, Canadian Scottish Regiment, Personal Accounts of Battle Cdn Scottish Jun 44–May 45.” 145.2C4009 (D11), DHH, DND.

  “First CDN Army Ops to Capture Falaise and to seal gap Trun–Chambois area.” RG24, 215C1.0129 (D10), vol. 10635, box 125, LAC.

  1st Hussars Regiment War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “1 Polish Armoured Division: Order for the Attack No. 1 on 8 Aug 44.” RG24, 245P1.016(D1), vol. 10942, box 287, LAC.

  Fort Garry Horse War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  14th Field Regiment, RCA War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  4th Canadian Armoured Brigade War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  4th Canadian Armoured Division Headquarters, RC A, Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “German Report on Operation Totalize (Translation). 112.3M1.009 (D153), DHH, DND.

  Governor General’s Foot Guards War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Highland Light Infantry War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Hutchinson, William Ernest John. “Test of a Corps Commander, Lieutenant General Guy Granville Simonds: Normandy, 1944.” Master’s thesis. Victoria: University of Victoria, 1982.

  “Immediate Report on Op ‘Totalize’ 7/9 Aug 44 by 2 Cdn Corps (Col. Massy),” RG24, 25C2.013 (D15), vol. 10800, box 215, LAC.

  Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Le Régiment de la Chaudière War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Lessons learned from Ops during War, by Lt-Gen GG Simonds, 1 Jul 44.” RG24, 225C2.012 (D8), vol. 10799, box 215, LAC.

  Lincoln and Welland Regiment War Diary, Jul–A
ug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Memorandum of Interview with D.81360 Pte. Williams, A.R., RHC, at Canadian Military Headquarters, 4 Jan 46.” 145.2R15.011(D13), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. J.A.C. Auld, Commd 13 PL, QOR of C by Historical Officer, 22 Jul 44.” 145.2Q2011(D11), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. Col. D.B. Buell, OC and Lt. H.L. Day, IO, N Shore R by Historical Officer, 27 Jul 44.” 145.2N3011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. Col. F.M. Griffiths at H.Q. C.R.U. on 24 May 46, concerning attack on Buron by H.L.I. of C. on 8 Jul 44.” 145.2H2011(D3), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. Col. G.H. Christiansen, OC, SD &G Highlanders, by Historical Officer, 1 Aug 44.” 145.2S8011(D2), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. Col. R. Rowley OC, SD &G Highrs by Historical Officer, 17 Aug 44.” 145.2S8011(D3), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Lt. Col. T.C. Lewis OC 7 CDN RECCE REGT (17 DYRCH) by Historical Officer, 24 Jul. 44.” 141.4A7011(D1), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Maj. F.A. Sparks, Commd, HQ Coy HLI of C by Historical Offr, 12 Jul 44 : Lessons learned in the battle of Buron 8 Jul 44.” 145.2H2011(D1), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of an Interview with Major W.E. Harris, MP, formerly OC ‘B’ Squadron

  6 Cdn. Armd. Regt., at Historical Section (GS), Department of National Defence, 24 Jan. 46, The Attack on Fontenay-Le-Marmion, 25 Jul 44.” Appended document to “Notes on the Movements of R.H.C.” 145.2B1(D1), DHH, DND.

  “Memorandum of Interview with Maj. S.M. Lett, 2IC, QOR of C by Historical Officer, 15 Jul. 44.” 145.2Q2011(D3), DHH, DND.

  New Brunswick Rangers (MG) War Diary, Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  9th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  19th Field Regiment, RCA War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment War Diary, Jul–Aug 1944. RG24, LAC.

  “Notes on the Movements of R.H.C. at May-sur-Orne, France, 25 Jul 44.” 145.2B1(D1), DHH, DND.

  O’Keefe, David. “Notes on Kenneth Gault Blackader.” Black Watch Regimental Museum and Archives.