Heidenry, John. What Wild Ecstasy: The Rise and Fall of the Sexual Revolution. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.
Heirich, Max. The Spiral of Conflict: Berkeley, 1964. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968.
Henriksen, Margot A. Dr. Strangelove’s America: Society and Culture in the Atomic Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Hess, Karl. In a Cause That Will Triumph: The Goldwater Campaign and the Future of Conservatism. New York: Doubleday, 197.
—. Mostly on the Edge: An Autobiography. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus, 1999.
Horowitz, David A. Beyond Left and Right: Insurgency and the Establishment. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
Isaacs, Jeremy, and Taylor Downing. Cold War: An Illustrated History, 1945-1991. Boston: Little, Brown, 1998.
Iverson, Peter. Barry Goldwater: Native Arizonan. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997.
Jacoby, Tamar. Someone Else’s House: America’s Unfinished Struggle for Integration. New York: Free Press, 1998.
Jamieson, Kathleen Hall. Packaging the Presidency: A History and Criticism of Presidential Campaign Advertising. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Janson, Donald, and Bernard Eismann. The Far Right. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
Jarboe, Jane. Lady Bird: A Comprehensive Biography of Mrs. Johnson. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1999.
Judis, John B. William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives. New York: Touchstone, 1990.
Kennedy, David M. Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Kennedy, Robert F. The Enemy Within. New York: Popular Library, 1960.
Kessel, John. The Goldwater Coalition: Republican Strategies in 1964. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968.
Kleindienst, Richard. Justice: The Memoirs of an Attorney General. Ottawa, III.: Jameson Books,1985.
Kramer, Michael, and Sam Roberts. “I Never Wanted to Be Vice-President of Anything!”: An Investigative Biography of Nelson Rockefeller. New York: Basic Books, 1976.
Lasch, Christopher. The True and Only Heaven: Progress and Its Critics. New York: Norton, 1991.
LeMay, Curtis. Mission with LeMay: My Story. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965.
Lesher, Stephan. George Wallace: American Populist. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1994.
Leslie, Warren. Dallas Public and Private. New York: Grossman Publishers, 1964.
Lichtenstein, Nelson. Walter Reuther: The Most Dangerous Man in Detroit. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1995.
Liebman, Marvin. Coming Out Conservative: An Autobiography. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1992.
Lucas, J. Anthony. Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families. New York: Knopf, 1985.
Manion, Clarence. The Conservative American: His Fight for National Independence and Constitutional Government. New York: Devon-Adair, 1964.
Margolis, Jon. The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964: The Beginning of the “Sixties.” New York: Morrow, 1999.
Martin, William. With God on Our Side: The Rise of the Religious Right in America. New York: Broadway Books, 1996.
Matthews, Christopher. Kennedy and Nixon: The Rivalry That Shaped Postwar America. New York: Touchstone, 1996.
May, Edgar. The Wasted Americans: Cost of Our Welfare Dilemma. New York: Harper and Row, 1964.
May, Ernest R., and Philip D. Zelikow. The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House During the Cuban Missile Crisis. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Mayer, George H. The Republican Party 1854-1966. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967.
McDowell, Edwin. Barry Goldwater: Portrait of an Arizonan. Chicago: Regnery, 1964.
McGirr, Lisa. “Suburban Warriors: Grass-Roots Conservatism in the 1960s.” Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1995.
McMaster, H. R. Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam. New York: HarperCollins, 1997.
Miles, Michael W. The Odyssey of the American Right. New York: Oxford, 1980.
Miller, James. Democracy Is in the Streets: From Port Huron to the Siege of Chicago. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994.
Miller, William J. Henry Cabot Lodge: A Biography. New York: Heinemann, 1967.
Montgomery, Gayle B., and James W. Johnson. One Step from the White House: The Rise and Fall of Senator William Knowland. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
National Broadcasting Company. Somehow It Works: A Candid Portrait of the 1964 Presidential Election. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965.
Nixon, Richard. RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon. Vol. 1. New York: Warner Books, 1978.
Novak, Robert. The Agony of the GOP 1964. New York: Macmillan, 1965.
Patterson, James T. Mr. Republican: A Biography of Robert Taft. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
Perry, James M. A Report in Depth on Barry Goldwater: The Story of the 1964 Republican Presidential Nominee. Silver Spring, Md.: National Observer, 1964.
Proxmire, Ellen. One Foot in Washington: The Perilous Life of a Senator’s Wife. Washington, D.C.: R. B. Luce, 1964.
Pulliam, Russell. Publisher: Gene Pulliam: Last of the Newspaper Titans. Ottawa, III.: Jameson Books, 1984.
Rae, Nicol C. The Decline and Fall of the Liberal Republicans: From 1952 to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Rampersad, Arnold. Jackie Robinson: A Biography. New York: Knopf, 1997.
Reed, Roy. Faubus: The Life and Times of an American Prodigal. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1997.
Reeves, Thomas C. A Question of Character: A Life of John F. Kennedy. New York: Free Press, 1991.
Reich, Cary. The Life of Nelson A. Rockefeller: Worlds to Conquer, 1908-1958. New York: Doubleday, 1996.
Reinsch, J. Leonard. Getting Elected: From Radio and Roosevelt to Television and Reagan. New York: Hippocrene, 1988.
Rosenblum, Jonathan D. Copper Crucible: How the Arizona Miners’ Strike of 1983 Recast Labor-Management Relations in America. 2nd ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR Press, 1998.
Royko, Mike. Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago. New York: Signet, 1971.
Rusher, William. The Rise of the Right. New York: Morrow, 1984.
Salinger, Pierre. With Kennedy. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1966.
Schlafly, Phyllis. A Choice Not an Echo. Alton, III.: Pere Marquette Press, 1964.
Schlesinger, Arthur Jr., ed. History of American Presidential Elections, 1789-1968. Vol. 4. New York: Chelsea House, 1971.
Schneider, Gregory L. Cadres for Conservatism: Young Americans for Freedom and the Rise of the Contemporary Right. New York: NYU Press, 1999.
Schomp, Gerald. Birchism Was My Business. New York: Macmillan, 1970.
Schuparra, Kurt. Triumph of the Right: The Rise of the California Conservative Movement, 1945-1966. Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1998.
Shadegg, Stephen. How to Win an Election. New York: Taplinger, 1963.
-. What Happened to Goldwater?: The Inside Story of the 1964 Republican Campaign. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1965.
Shapiro, Fred C., and James W. Sullivan. Race Riots New York 1964: What Really Happened As It Happened Before the Eyes of Two Trained Observers. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1964.
Shepherd, Jack, and Christopher S. Wren, eds. Quotations from Chairman LBJ. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1968.
Shesol, Jeff. Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud that Defined a Decade. New York: Norton, 1997.
Smith, Howard K. Events Leading Up to My Death: The Life of a Twentieth-Century Reporter. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996.
Smith, James Allen. The Idea Brokers: Think Tanks and the Rise of the New Policy Elite. New York: Free Press, 1991.
Stormer, John A. None Dare Call It Treason. Florissant, Mo.: Liberty Bell Press, 1964.
Sugrue, Thomas J. The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Ine
quality in Postwar Detroit. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996.
Tillett, Paul, ed. Inside Politics: The National Conventions, 1960. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, 1962.
Tuccille, Jerome. Kingdom: The Story of the Hunt Family of Texas. Ottawa, III.: Jameson Books, 1984.
Uphoff, Walter. Kohler on Strike: Thirty Years of Conflict. Boston: Beacon Press, 1966.
Westerhoff, Arjen. “Politics of Protest: Strom Thurmond and the Development of the Republican Southern Strategy, 1948-1972.” Master’s thesis, American Studies Program, Smith College, 1991.
Whalen, Richard. Taking Sides: A Personal View of America from Kennedy to Nixon to Kennedy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974.
White, F. Clifton, with William Gill. Suite 3505: The Story of the Draft Goldwater Movement. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1967.
-. Why Reagan Won: The Conservative Movement, 1964-1981. Chicago Regnery, 1981.
White, F. Clifton, with Jerome Tuccille. Politics as a Noble Calling. Ottawa, III.: Jameson Books, 1994.
White, Theodore H., The Making of the President 1960. New York: Atheneum, 1961.
-. The Making of the President 1964. New York: Atheneum, 1965.
Wicker, Tom. JFK and LBJ: The Influence of Personality upon Politics. Baltimore: Penguin, 1968.
Wills, Gary. Reagan’s America: Innocents at Home. New York: Penguin, 1988.
Winkler, Allan M. Life Under a Cloud: American Anxiety About the Atom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Winters, Francis X. The Year of the Hare: America in Vietnam, January 25, 1963-February 15, 1964. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997.
Wolf, George D. William Warren Scranton: Pennsylvania Statesman. State College: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1981.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
It started with a notice on my project in The New York Times Book Review, and a lesson in how damned generous people are. I got missives from Goldwater workers who were so young at the time that they could barely remember the campaign (and from a one-time eleven-year-old who bravely preached on behalf of LBJ every Saturday in an Orange County shopping-center parking lot); and letters from Goldwater press secretaries, finance chairs, ad execs, press corps members, book agents—even the old lady who kept the books at his Phoenix department store. Scholars passed on their own exertions—one an Indian professor who had been on a Fulbright Fellowship to the University of Pennsylvania in 1964, another a master’s student from the Netherlands whose research on Strom Thurmond was indispensable. There was even one guy who sent me Goldwater news clippings at random intervals over the course of three years—anonymously. Thanks, whoever you are.
My heart especially goes out to two of these correspondents. Andrew Szanton sent my way the arresting photograph that graces the cover of this book. And about Ryan Hayes—the great lay intellectual of Queens, New York—hardly enough can be said. His stunning command of political detail provided the seed for many of the researches herein. And without the generous loans from his bottomless collection of political paraphernalia—what would I have done without my directory of the Eighty-eighth Congress?—my scholarly life would have been much more difficult. I don’t dedicate the book to him. But I do dedicate to him the sentence on his “Harold Stassen’s Ticker Tape Parade” soapbox derby car.
Much thanks, too, to those who gave generously of their recollections, time, trust—and, sometimes, hospitality—in author interviews. Those who went beyond the call of duty include Jameson Campaigne Jr. (who gets triple recognition for opening his storehouse of papers to me, and for publishing so many of the biographies and memoirs of conservative figures that I relied upon), Leonard Nadasdy (his loaned dossier on his tenure as Young Republican chair was indispensable), Pam Walton, Ron Crawford, Bill Rusher, Wes McCune, Milton Friedman, Stan Evans, and Graham T. T. Molitor. The breakfast David Keene set up for me with a cadre of conservative movement veterans at the Capitol Hill Club was very helpful, and very cool.
Several scholars were invaluable to me as friends, advisers, sources, inspirations— and, last but not least, as penners of the letters of recommendation that helped several benefactors see the merits of my case. These include Michael Kazin, Nick Salvatore, David Kennedy, Nelson Lichtenstein, David Farber, and Tom Sugrue. And thank you, thank you, to those benefactors who did see the merits of my case: the Rockefeller Archive Center, the LBJ Library, the Dick Goldensohn Fund—and, especially, the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Margaret Chase Smith Library. The former’s contribution kept me in food, shelter, and used books for a year; the latter gave me not just a check but a hell of a good time.
The thought of my other financial benefactors brings a tear to my eye: my sister, Linda, a lifelong pillar; Jon Cohen, who taught me a thing or two about analytical precision; Allison Miller, whose middle name is Xantha, and what else need be said?; John Palattela and Angela Dillard, who both remind me that I love to think; Lisa Bonacci, a model of courage and devotion; Amy Kossoy, a neighbor in the best sense; Eric Wunderman, who thinks, blessedly, differently; Anil Mudholkar, a friend of a lifetime; Thad Domina, not a research assistant but a mensch; and Grandma and Grandpa Perlstein, whose generosity has allowed me to follow a risky profession, not a safe one, which means everything to me.
I thank those who opened their homes to me: the Kramer family in Phoenix; and dear friends Gita Kapadia, Ben Evans, Jen Stewart, and Jefferson Decker on trips to Chicago. Two others put up with me for even longer, and I want to recognize their patience and friendship: Jon Cohen and William Duty. They are role models, both creatively and intellectually.
I also want to thank some other scholars, writers, editors, and others who gave their encouragement, solidarity, and favors large and small: David Greenberg, Matthew Dallek, Judith Broadhurst, Chris Lehmann, Jeff Shesol, Beverley Solochek, John Andrew, Gregory Schneider, Mike Leiman, Jennifer Mittelstadt, Godfrey Hodgson, Richard Ellis, Jim Sleeper, Scott Sherman, and Jim Miller (whose greatest contribution was an offhand quote in a Lingua Franca article about how if he had it to do over again, he might just have written about the rise of the right). And four more magnificent, unique souls: David Glenn and Scott McLemee (living rebukes to any fool who wants to talk about there not being any New York intellectuals left, even though Scott lives in Washington), and Leon Pasker and Margie Good, who have always made me feel big.
Thanks also to my friends at the New York Working Families Party, who gave me my participant-observer training in political volunteering. Knock wood, a book like this will be written about them thirty-five years from now.
Thank you to the archivists at the facilities mentioned above, and also at the Chicago Historical Society, special collections at Cornell University, and the Hoover Institution. If you love reading history, lift a glass to archivists at least once a week; they are the unsung heroes of the enterprise. And thank you, too, William F. Buckley, not only for making it possible for there to be such an interesting movement to write about in the first place, but for opening your papers at Yale to me.
I owe much to my colleagues at Lingua Franca: Jeffrey Kittay (for lessons in the value of chutzpah), Alexander Star (for lessons in the value of carefulness), and especially (for lessons in the value of volubility) Daniel Zalewski. I also owe a debt to the American Culture program at the University of Michigan.
There are four people without whom the transition from full-time magazine editor to full-time book author could not possibly have been as smooth as it was. The first is Rebecca Lowen, who commissioned the original book proposal. That our relationship ended there is owing only to the smarts, style, savvy, and friendship of my editor, Paul Elie, who saw something in a book review I wrote and decided I had what it took (ably assisted by Brian Blanchfield and Susan Goldfarb, whose work was tireless).
That review was written for Sue and John Leonard at The Nation. It was their mission of encouraging young writers in developing their talents in that magazine’s culture section that started—to
borrow an antique metaphor that an old National Review hand and New Lefty like John would appreciate—the domino effect.
Now I have two families, the Perlsteins (my parents Jerry and Sandi, sister Linda, and brothers Ben and Steve); and the Geiers (Hank, Patty, Frank, Kelly, Buddy, and Sean). I love them both, and thank them for their support. I have two families now because I now have my own family: Kathy Geier, my wife, a partner in every way, to whom I dedicate this book. And last but not least, our little dogs Buster and Checkers. You know, we love those dogs, and I just want to say this right now, that regardless of what they say about it, we’re going to keep them.
INDEX
ABC Reports
Abington Township v. Schempp
Abstine, James
Acheson, Dean
Acme Bomb and Fallout Shelter Company
Acme Steel
Adenauer, Konrad
Ad Hoc Committee Against Discrimination
Advance magazine
Affluent Society, The (Galbraith)
AFL-CIO,
; Committee on Political
Education (COPE),
African-Americans,
; in Arizona,
; burning of churches of;
in California; conservative claims
of Communist influence on;
and Democratic Party,
; in Goldwater campaign,
; impact of automation on,
Johnson and;
March on Washington of; in
New York; and 1960 election,
Northern, discrimination
against,
; in
post-Civil War South; random
violence against; and Republican
Party,
; rioting by,
; Rockefeller
funding of colleges for; Southern
White resistance to integration of,
; voter
registration drive for, see Mississippi
Freedom Summer; Welch’s views on
Agriculture, U.S. Department of; Bureau of Plant Industry
Aid to Dependent Children
Before the Storm Page 93