The Storied City

by Charlie English

French language, 12, 19, 79, 313, 356n

  translations of Arabic into, 46, 272, 288, 346n, 362n, 366n, 367n

  French Revolution, 22

  Fulani, 45, 94, 166, 168, 170, 172–73, 189, 268, 270–71

  Fulfulde language, 313

  Futa Jallon (Guinea), 28

  Fyfe, Christopher, 347n, 352n

  Gaddafi, Muammar, 19, 79, 278, 366n

  Gaines, Marcus (U.S. consul, Tripoli), 164

  Gallieni, Joseph, 265

  Gambia River, 28, 32, 59, 63, 69, 71, 101

  Gando (Sokoto), 166, 176, 211

  Gao (Mali), 133, 135, 136, 194, 215, 298, 341

  battle of, 232, 361n

  jihadist control of, 47–48, 150, 180, 181, 189

  as Songhay capital, 7, 176, 290, 294–95, 350n, 362n

  Garnati, Abu Hamid al-. See Abu Hamid

  Gates, Henry Louis, Jr., 16–17, 313–16, 348n, 366n

  Gayangos, Pascual de, 132

  Gelfand, Michael, 351n

  Geneva, 191, 361n

  Geographical Society (Berlin), 224, 225

  George III (British king), 22

  Gerda Henkel Foundation, 324, 371n

  Géricault, Théodore, 100

  German Africa Prize, 325, 369n

  Germany, 227, 243, 246–48, 261, 309, 322, 324, 325, 364n, 369n

  Nazi, 8, 251

  Oriental Society of, 176, 211

  See also Barth, Heinrich; Berlin; Prussia

  Gèze, Paul, 301–3, 368n

  Ghadames (Libya), 91–92, 174, 215

  Ghali, Noureddine, 366n

  Ghana, ancient, 29, 132–36, 213, 215–16

  Gharyan (Libya), 164

  Ghat (Libya), 162

  Ghiyaru (Ghana), 134

  Gitari, Joseph, 309, 343, 368n

  GlobalPost, 322

  Gobineau, Joseph-Arthur, 261

  Goebbels, Josef, 251

  Gold, African, 73, 133–36, 291, 295, 314

  myths about, 16, 29–32, 104, 159, 274, 276, 341, 345, 353n

  trade in, 24, 29, 30, 106, 134, 175, 350n

  Google, 324

  Goree Island, 74

  Goundam (Mali), 16, 266, 301, 368n

  Gourma Rharous (Mali), 75, 204

  Gout, Frédéric, 254, 301–5, 368n

  Gramont, Sanche de, 350n

  Granada, 30, 134, 141, 269

  Grand Marché (Timbuktu), 44, 54, 119, 237

  Grant, James, 217

  Gray, William, 101

  Great Barrier Reef, 35

  Great Gold Medal of Exploration and Journeys of Discovery, 88

  Grimm, Friedrich and Wilhelm, 212

  Grossman, Ron, 348–49n

  Guardian, The, 7–8, 306, 368n

  Guerba, Bintu, 118

  Guidère, Mathieu, 361n

  Guinea, 24, 28, 32, 75, 76, 101, 264

  Gulf of, 349n

  Guinea worm, 34, 167

  Hadiths, 82, 148, 171, 184, 296

  Hague, The, 252, 358n

  Haidara, Abdel Kader, 11–19, 80, 139, 192, 198, 246–57, 281, 348n, 357n, 364–65n

  accused of exaggeration and fraud, 325–28, 331–39, 370–71n

  childhood of, 13–14, 43, 348n

  first manuscript collecting project of, 15–18, 252–53

  during French military intervention, 254–55

  fund-raising by, 144, 190–91, 193, 206–7, 234–37, 246–48, 324, 369n

  Gates and, 313–15

  German Africa Prize awarded to, 325, 369n

  and hiding of manuscripts from libraries in private homes, 123–24, 142–43, 246–47, 357n

  manuscript evacuation organized by, 198–206, 229–32, 234, 237–43, 249–50, 252–53, 256–57, 306, 308–10, 321–22, 361n

  during onset of MNLA occupation, 11–12, 56–57, 80

  opposition to publicizing danger to manuscripts, 141–42, 185

  and Salafist antagonism to Mawlid festival, 156–57, 249, 251–52, 283, 359–60n

  Haidara, Abdoul Wahid, 336, 370n

  Haidara, Baba Akib, 154, 359n

  Haidara, Bouya, 193, 361n

  Haidara, Ismael Diadié, 77–78, 115, 85–86, 113, 140–41, 356n, 360n

  in Bamako, 123, 191–92

  departure from Timbuktu, 120–23, 356n

  manuscripts evacuated by, 123, 334–36

  during MNLA attack on Timbuktu, 49–54

  Haidara, Mamma, 13–14. See also Mamma Haidara library

  Hakluyt Society, 137

  Hall, Bruce, 325–28, 334–36, 359n, 369n, 371n

  Hallett, Robin, 346n, 349n, 350n, 351n

  Hamabangou, 50, 57, 113

  Hamaha, Oumar Ould (“Redbeard”), 79–80, 115, 161, 155, 183, 358n, 359n, 361n

  Hamburg, 160, 177, 217, 224

  University, 324, 338, 356n, 371n

  Hammam, Yahya Abou al-, 78

  Hammer, Joshua, 355n

  Hampâté Bâ, Amadou, 14, 151, 348n

  Harber, Fatouma, 53, 352n, 360n

  Harding, Luke, 368n

  Harmon, Stephen, 353n

  Harper’s, 322

  Harrow, 22

  Harvard University, 16, 114, 313–15

  Hassan (Islamic Police commissioner), 279–80, 359n

  Hay, R. W., 109

  Heart of Darkness (Conrad), 259–60, 365n

  Hegel, Georg, 261, 365n

  Helly, Dorothy O., 366n

  Henri Christophe (Haitian king), 22

  Henry the Navigator, 30

  Herbert, Eugenia, 342, 350n, 355n

  Hereford Mappa Mundi, 29

  Herodotus, 43, 65

  Herschel, William, 22

  High Islamic Council of Mali, 125, 144, 149

  Higher Education and Scientific Research, Ministry of (Mali), 190, 204, 361n

  Hinshaw, Drew, 366n

  Hippocrates, 170

  History of the Berbers (al-Bakri), 134

  History of Maritime and Inland Discovery, The (Cooley), 130

  Hizba (morality brigade), 148, 359n

  Hochschild, Adam, 365n

  Holland. See Netherlands

  Hollande, François, 245, 304

  Hondoubongo (Mali), 56, 249

  Hopkins, J. F. P., 358n

  Hornemann, Friedrich, 76, 355n

  Horticultural Society (London), 130

  Houdas, Octave, 272, 273, 286–88, 343, 346n, 366n, 367n

  Houka, Ag Alfousseyni (“Houka Houka”), 147–48, 358n

  Houghton, Daniel, 59–60, 62, 72, 352n, 355n

  Human Rights Watch, 358n

  Humboldt, Alexander von, 160, 224, 226

  Hume, David, 17

  Hunwick, John, 18, 312–13, 317, 326, 331, 346n, 348n, 350n, 362n, 366n, 368n

  Ibn Battuta, 29, 212, 275

  Ibn Khaldun, 132–34, 216, 358n

  Ibn Sida, 291

  IFAN (West African research institute), 114–15

  Illinois

  Supreme Court of, 369–70n, 371n

  University of, 325

  Illustration, L’, 271

  Iloa (Mali), 249

  India, 21, 72

  Infaq al-maysur (Bello), 166

  Inquisition, 251

  Institut des Hautes Études et de Recherche Islamic Ahmad Baba (IHERIAB). See Ahmad Baba institute

  Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, The, 24

  International African Association, 263

  International Criminal Court (ICC), 147, 183, 186, 358–59n

  International Crisis Group, 349n

  International Organization for Migration (IOM), 356n

  Inte
rnet, 114, 229

  Interpol, 141

  Iraq, 191, 193

  Isaiah, Book of, 70

  Ishaq I, Askiya, 293

  Ishaq II, Askiya, 293–95

  Ishriniyyat (Fazazi), 156, 249

  Islam, 7, 13, 132, 135, 156, 227, 268–69

  conversion of Christians to, 293

  jihadists’ views of, 79–80, 120, 146, 154–55, 183–86, 188–89

  Maliki, 151, 212, 217, 218, 298, 362n

  Sufi, 7, 13, 151–52

  West African, 348n

  written heritage of, 18, 312

  See also Kuran; Muslims

  Islamic Police, 148–49, 182, 234, 236, 238–39, 244, 279–80, 330, 359n

  Islamists, 115, 186, 193, 196, 201, 247–48, 280, 350, 353n, 359n

  Ismail, Askiya, 293

  Israel, 349n

  Issa, Mohamed, 147

  Istanbul, 167

  Italy, 30, 94, 97

  Ivory Coast, 264. See also Côte d’Ivoire

  Jallonkadoo, 69

  Jamaica, 90

  Jata, Mari, 136

  Jawdar (eunuch), 294–96

  Jefferson, Thomas, 37, 39–41, 351n

  Jelil, Abdel. See Le Guen, Gilles

  Jenne (Mali), 102, 104, 106, 153, 212, 254, 257, 264–65, 267–68, 272, 309–10, 315, 341

  Jeppie, Shamil, 114, 246, 316, 325, 354n, 356n, 364n

  Jews, 82, 91, 251

  jihadists, 7, 141, 145–46, 148–54, 206, 234, 236–38, 333, 353n, 358n, 359n, 360–61n, 364n, 366n

  checkpoints and patrols of, 195, 197, 199–200, 240

  destruction of monuments and mausoleums by, 7, 153–55, 179–86, 188, 205, 232, 244, 330, 361n

  manuscripts burned by, 306, 307, 330, 344, 367n

  Mawlid celebration banned by, 156, 244–45, 248–49, 251, 256, 282, 330–31, 359–60n

  withdrawal of, 277–83, 302–3

  See also Al-Qaeda; Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM); Ansar Dine; National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA)

  Jingere Ber mosque, 13, 105, 114, 136, 152, 173, 183, 215, 290, 350n

  Jobson, Richard, 32, 350n

  Joffre, Joseph, 266, 272, 366n

  Johnson (freedman), 61

  Joliba (ship), 74–75

  Joliba River, 27, 108, 353n. See also Niger River

  Jomard, Edme-François, 87, 107, 108, 355n

  Jones, John Paul, 37

  Jonkakonda, 61

  Journal d’un voyage à Temboctou et à Jenné . . . (Caillié). See Travels Through Central Africa to Timbuctoo (Caillié)

  Juma al-Majid Center for Culture and Heritage, 17, 231, 362n

  Kaarta (state), 62

  Kabara (Mali), 75, 102, 103, 167, 236, 249, 267, 304

  Kabari, Modibbo Muhammad al-, 220–21

  Kabylie (Algeria), 187

  Kalil, Kader, 45, 351n, 353n, 359n

  Kamalia (town), 69–71

  Kamchatka, 37

  Kankan (Guinea), 102

  Kano (Sokoto), 136, 175, 341

  Kant, Immanuel, 17

  Kanté, Harouna, 361n

  Kanya-Forstner, A. S., 350–51n, 365n

  Karamanli, Yusuf, 95, 96

  Karamanli dynasty, 110

  Kassé, Mamadou, 153–54

  Kassé, Mohamed, 359n

  Kati, Mahmud, 141, 270, 271, 286, 288, 291, 367n. See also Fondo Kati library

  Keita, Ibrahim Boubacar, 347n

  Keita, Salif, 243

  Kemper, Steve, 360n, 363n, 365n

  Kenya, Mount, 137

  Khayyám, Omar, 127, 357n

  Kidal (Mali), 45, 187

  Kierkegaard, Søren, 160

  Kifayat al-muhtaj (Ahmad Baba), 212, 217–18, 362n

  Kilimanjaro, Mount, 137

  Kirk-Greene, A. H. M., 360n, 365n

  Konaré, Alpha Oumar, 316

  Konna (Mali), 245, 251, 279, 302, 364n

  Koorabarri, Daisy, 62

  Koriume (Mali), 49, 56, 121–22, 195, 196, 241

  Kounta, Abdoul Hamid, 336

  Kounta, Seydou Baba, 56

  Kryza, Frank T., 347n

  Kukawa (Bornu), 177–78

  Kukiya (town), 213, 345

  Kunta Arabs, 93–94, 98, 174, 312, 354n

  Kunti, Shaykh Sidi al-Mukhtar al-, 174, 183

  Kunti, Sidi Muhammad al-, 93, 94, 169, 312, 354n

  Kuran, 70, 101, 147, 148, 171, 290, 296, 356n, 363n

  Labeida, Ahmadu, 96, 355n

  Labrador, 22

  Lacher, Wolfram, 353n

  Laidley, John, 61, 67, 352n

  Laing, Alexander Gordon, 89–97, 99–100, 106–11, 164, 276, 312, 345n, 346n, 347n, 354n, 355n

  death of, 95–97, 106, 172, 270, 354n, 355n

  journals of, 108, 109, 111, 347n, 355–56n

  letters to British consul in Tripoli, 1–6, 89–90, 93–95, 99, 109

  marriage of, 90, 92, 109

  Sahara crossing, 91–95, 354n

  in Timbuktu, 5–6, 94–96, 99, 169–70, 342

  Laing, Emma (née Warrington), 90, 92, 97, 109

  Latin America, 160. See also South America

  Le Bore, Jack, 91, 93

  Le Guen, Gilles (“Abdel Jelil”), 146, 238, 239

  Le Touzet, Jean-Louis, 361n

  Lebovich, Andrew, 353n

  Ledyard, John, 36–41, 59, 62, 351n

  Leo X, Pope, 30

  Leo Africanus (Johannis Leo de Medicis), 30–31, 94, 176, 212, 216, 350n

  Leopold II, king of Belgium, 260, 262–63, 365n

  Lere (Mali), 234, 241–43

  Levtzion, Nehemia, 358n, 363n

  Libraries. See by specific name, and as Bibliothèque

  Libya, 19, 46, 59, 159, 174, 193, 341. See also Tripoli

  Linnaeus, Carl, 22

  Liverpool, 24

  University of, 224

  Livingstone, David, 131, 137, 177, 217, 226

  Lobbo, Shaykh Ahmad, 94–95, 151, 168, 270–71, 287, 367n

  Loire (ship), 100

  London, 2, 6, 17, 74, 110, 130, 137, 273, 316, 327

  Africans in, 131, 217

  antagonism toward Barth in, 224–25, 227

  interest in Africa in, 21, 24. See also African Association

  University of, School of Oriental and African Studies, 328

  London Times. See Times, The (London)

  Longman (publisher), 225–26, 360n

  Looting, 80–84, 117–19, 123–26, 141, 145, 272, 344, 353n, 357n, 366n

  of Ahmad Baba’s library, 297

  of houses occupied by jihadists, 279–80

  by MNLA members, 45, 53–56, 141

  Lovejoy, Paul E., 367n

  Lucas, Simon, 36, 59, 76, 352n

  Ludamar, 60–63, 71, 73

  Lugard, Frederick, 273

  Luxembourg, 315, 334

  Machecourt, Agathe, 363–64n

  Maconochie, Alexander, 131

  Madi (Barth’s servant), 177

  Maghreb, 292–93, 312

  jihadists in. See Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)

  Mahamane, Alpha, 337

  Mahamane, Boubacar (“Jansky”), 54, 55, 77, 81, 180, 182, 347n, 351n, 352n

  Mahdi, Ahmad al-Faqi al-, 147–48, 182–83, 358–59n, 361n

  Mahibou, Mohamed, 366n

  Mahmud (qadi), 289–90, 295

  Mahmud, Shaykh Sidi, 152, 154, 155, 174, 179, 182, 359n

  Mahmud ibn Zargun, 296

  Maiga, Abdoulkadri Idrissa, 139–41, 142–43, 144, 192–95, 198–207, 229, 283, 306, 334–36

  Maiga, Aboubacrine, 196–97, 199–202

  Maiga, Alkadi, 45�
��49, 51, 54, 79, 119–20, 192–204, 361n, 364n, 370n

  Maiga, Diadié Hamadoun, 51, 54, 81, 149–51, 236–39, 279–82, 304, 330, 351n, 359n

  Majid, Juma al-, 206. See also Juma al-Majid Center for Culture and Heritage

  Malaria, 35, 61, 64, 76, 100, 101, 351n

  Mali sous le régime des islamistes (film), 359n

  Malian Solidarity Bank (BMS) building, 145–46, 233–34, 237

  Malik(a), 319

  Maliki Islam, 151, 212, 217, 218, 298, 362n

  Mallorca, 30

  Mamma Haidara library, 17, 125, 313, 322, 327, 348n, 355–56n, 356–57n

  Mandela, Nelson, 316

  Manding language, 61, 70, 74

  Mangara, Mamadou, 48, 49, 351–52n

  Mansa Musa. See Musa I

  Mansur, Ahmad al-, 293–95, 297, 367n

  Manuscript and book burning, 251, 282–83

  Mármol Carvajal, Luis del, 132

  Marrakesh, 216, 294, 297–98

  Marseilles, 38, 39

  Martyn, John, 75

  Massufa, 362n

  Marx, Karl, 160

  Masina, 94, 168, 172, 270, 287, 360n, 367n

  Masonen, Pekka, 346n, 350n, 352n, 357n, 363n, 365–66n

  Mathee, Mohamed Shahid, 367n

  Mauritania, 30, 62, 118, 201, 215, 349n, 363n

  Mausoleums, 13, 152, 174, 221, 324, 359n

  destruction of, 7, 154, 179–86, 188, 205, 232, 244, 330, 361n

  See also Tombs

  Mawlid, 156, 244–45, 248–49, 251, 256, 282, 330–31, 359–60n

  Mbeki, Thabo, 18, 316, 348n, 369n

  McCaskie, Tom, 328

  McConnell, Tristan, 322, 369n

  McIntosh, Susan Keech and Roderick, 350n

  Mecca, 30, 38, 40, 135, 215, 350n

  Medicis, Johannis Leo de. See Leo Africanus

  Medusa (ship), 100

  Meek, C. K., 350n

  Messaoudi, Alain, 366n

  Mexico, 289, 366n

  Michigan State University, 18

  Middle Ages, 29, 111, 274, 311

  Middle Niger, 265, 313

  Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa (Livingstone), 226

  MLI/015 (“Mali Quinze”), 140, 334

  Mohamed, prophet. See Muhammad, prophet

  Moknee, Yusuf, 163

  Molins Lliteras, Susana, 321, 356n, 370n

  Mollien, Gaspard Théodore, 355n

  Montaigne, Michel de, 129

  Montreal, 25

  Moors, 60, 62–64, 67, 74, 105

  Mopti (Mali), 56, 124, 194, 198, 245, 265

  during French military intervention against jihadists, 254–55

  manuscript evacuation route through, 234, 241, 334

  refugees from Timbuktu in, 118, 123

  Moral and Intellectual Diversity of the Races, The (Gobineau), 261

  Morocco, 7, 36, 105, 106, 156, 174, 269, 293, 298, 341, 349n