An Amish Paradox
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Index
accidents, 4
and work, 193, 195, 232–33
adolescents. See youth
adoption, 101, 226
advertising and Amish, 182, 185, 263, 286
affiliations, 16, 18
Andy Weaver, 2, 18, 22, 30, 36, 43–48
attitudes toward other affiliations, 54–56
Beachy, 32, 52, 64–65, 264–65, 308n63
geographic distribution of, 25–26, 30
and mission work, 58–67
New Order, 18, 35–37, 48–52
New New Order (New Order Christian Fellowship), 40, 51–52, 100
Old Order, 18, 36, 52–55
and rumspringa, 49, 67–68, 74, 76, 78–82, 226
Stutzman-Troyer, 36, 40, 300–301, 310
Swartzentruber, 2, 18, 35–43
Tobe, 36, 40, 299, 301, 310
and wealth, 211–13
and work, 191–93, 197, 199–200, 215
agriculture. See farmers, image of; farming; farms
alcohol use, 69–70, 233, 274, 313
and affiliation, 45, 50, 52, 62, 71, 75, 331
after joining church, 275–77, 314n30
Amish Country Furniture Association, 182
Amish Education Committee, 324n6, 325n30
Amish Helping Fund, 103, 320n18
Amish insularity, 170, 221, 229, 288, 308n6. See also boundaries
Amish-Mennonite Heritage Center, 10
Amish Safety Committee, 194
Ammann, Jakob, 15, 40, 49, 304n19, 309n12
Anabaptist escalator, 34–35, 53–54, 63, 77, 310n17
Anabaptists, 14, 32, 34, 270–71
and Amish, 15, 34, 188
and health, 231
Andy Weaver Amish, 2, 18, 22, 30, 36, 43–48. See also affiliations
appliances, household, 107–8, 118, 140
ascetic Protestantism, 185, 188, 213, 328n27
Association of Unmarried Amish Women, 130
auctions. See Buckeye Dog Auction; produce auctions
automobiles: and affiliation, 32
as alternative to buggy, 60, 131–33
ownership of, 18, 45, 47–48, 76, 84, 209, 264
use of, 57, 132
autonomy, 56, 123
meaning of, 278
ban. See excommunication
Bargain Hunter, 136
barn raisings, 96
Beachy Amish, 32, 52, 64–65, 264–65, 308n63. See also affiliations
beliefs of Amish, 18–19, 183, 186. See also affiliations; Bible
Berlin (Ohio), 10, 30, 33, 40, 48, 64, 176, 201, 303
Bible: as basis for general values, 18, 56, 64, 184, 223
as basis for values in childrearing, 113, 115
and gender roles, 113, 125
and proselytizing, 58–59
studies, 49–50, 86
bicycles, 47, 106
Bing Act, 28
birding, 7, 134. See also hobbies
birth control, 96, 100, 319n10
birthing centers, 222–26, 266
differences in, 223–25
birth rate, 12, 99, 196, 199, 223
out-of-wedlock, 226. See also conceptions, premarital; families: size of
bishops. See church leaders, choosing
blue-collar work. See employment; manual labor, value placed on
border work, 20, 22, 259, 264, 266, 269–72
Die Botschaft (The Message; weekly newspaper), 288
boundaries, 179–87, 264–65
among Amish, 81–82, 89, 264
between Amish and English, 13, 22, 181, 191, 204, 218, 259, 265–69
permeability of, 23, 264–65, 269, 275
and purity, 306n37
significance of, 24, 264
strength of, 115, 264, 270
types of, 264–65, 270
Brethren church, 32, 60, 64, 305n20, 308n62
Buckeye Dog Auction, 200
The Budget (weekly newspaper), 101, 124, 185, 221, 238, 288, 298, 343
buggies: and affiliation, 22, 43, 47–48, 55, 206, 262, 310n16
as alternative to car, 60, 131–33
options on, 10, 133
and wealth, 133, 212
and youth, 41, 76
bundling (bed courtship), 38, 48, 73, 78–79, 274, 314n20
Bush, George W., 31, 194, 267
businesses, 2, 5, 6, 8–12
advertising in, 182, 185, 286
clustering of, 181
cooperation among Amish, 182
and exploitation of Amish name, 184–85
global reach of, 182
number of, 181–82
partnerships with English, 184
types of, 12, 76–77, 79–82. See also competition
cell phones. See telephones
cemeteries, Amish, 8
change, general causes of, 20–22, 259–62
child abuse. See domestic violence
Child Labor Coalition, 194
childrearing, 111–15
differences in, 115–17
children: disciplining, 111–12, 115–17
ideal, 114, 172
nature of, 111–12
in schools, 144, 145, 147, 153–55, 160, 167–70
and work, 122, 188, 193–94
choice: meaning of, 280–81, 283
and Ordnung, 68
Christian Aid Ministries (CAM), 60, 64–66, 293
church districts, 16–18
conservative and liberal, 35, 48–52
lower and higher, 35, 48–49, 77–80, 90
number of, 29, 35–36
size of, 16
structure of, 16, 305n26. See also affiliations
Church Funds 1 and 2, 250–51. See also health care costs; Hospital Aid Program
church leaders, choosing, 305n26
church services, 15–16, 46–47, 104
church/state relations, 267, 276–77. See also government
cigarettes. See smoking
civic participation, 137. See also voting
class consciousness, 21, 213. See also social classes
Classic Word Processor, 208–9
Clinic for Special Children, 230
clothing, 18, 27, 52–53
men’s, 37, 48
women’s, 37, 43, 48
Coblentz, Paul, 28
cohesion, 275, 277, 281
conversations and, 279
dependence and, 280
monitoring and, 279–80
sanctions and, 280
social structures and, 277–79, 283
tradition and, 278
trust and, 277, 279, 288
values and, 277–78
commonality among Amish, 14–20
causes of, 275–84
in education, 163–65
in family, 98–99
in health, 227–30, 232–36
in rumspringa, 80–81; See also cohesion; differences among Amish
communication, 83, 101–2, 110, 182, 221, 247, 288–89
and work, 190–91. See also telephones
Communion, 15–16, 45–47, 309n12, 315n30
competition: in economics, 20, 181–83, 187, 202–3, 214–15, 261–62
in sports, 134–35, 157
computers: in education, 160, 165
ownership of, 20, 32, 52
at work, 199, 208–9
conceptions, premarital, 74, 226, 314n23. See also birth rate
congregations. See church districts
conscientious objection, 28. See also nonresistance
constancy, sources of, 205, 209, 260, 264–65
consumerism, 131, 138–39
Cooksey, Elizabeth, 74, 226, 314n23, 321n41
cooperation and competition, 181–83, 214–15, 271–72
cooperatives, 182, 214, 271
copy machines, 208
corporal punishment, 116–17, 147, 321n37. See also domestic violence
Coshocton (Ohio), 8, 25–26, 178, 226
counseling: bases of, 244
facilities, 86, 127, 168, 244, 332n42
training in, 243. See also mental distress
courtship, 52, 54, 71, 73, 75, 78, 81–82, 131
crucible, Amish culture as a, 260, 270, 272
cultural capital, 164, 171
“Dan” church. See affiliations: Andy Weaver
Das Deutsch Center for Special Needs Children (DDC), 230–31
dating, 73, 78, 81–82, 131. See also bundling; courtship
dawdi haus, 96, 99, 104, 318n2
death: and burial, 8–9, 254–55
views of, 253–54, 257. See also funerals
deer farming, 200–202
defection, 51, 82–83
reactions to, 91–93
reasons for, 84–86, 161, 315n40, 316n45. See also retention
demographic squeeze, 303n7
Department of Labor, 194
dependency rank, 177, 327n15
deviance. See also drug use among Amish; Holmes County (Ohio): crime rate
Devil’s Playground, 67
diesel power, 107, 206–7. See also power, sources of
diet, 135, 212, 233, 235
differences among Amish, 22, 24, 34–37
in family size, 99–100
in handling youth, 68, 71–80
in houses, 104
interaffiliation views, 53–55
in mission work, 60–63
in shunning, 87–90. See also alcohol use: and affiliation; buggies: and affiliation; employment: and affiliation; farming: and affiliation; health care: and affiliation; schools, Amish: affiliation differences in; technology: and affiliation
disaster relief, 60, 67. See also Christian Aid Ministries; Mennonite Central Committee
diversity causes: external, 20–21, 261–63
general, 260
internal, 20–21, 260–61, 263
divorce, 61, 87, 96, 98, 130
dog raising, 200–202
domestic violence: involving children, 97, 117
involving spouses, 126–27
Donnermeyer, Joseph, 74, 226, 314n23, 321n41
Dordrecht Confession of Faith, 304n19, 315n39
Doughty View Midwifery Center, 223
dress. See clothing
drug use among Amish, 67, 69–70, 74–75, 194, 313n12
Durkheim, Emile, 23
economic crisis, effects of, 262, 285
education, 19, 119
attitudes toward higher, 62, 163–65
diversity in, 142, 170–73, 326n44
public, 11, 153–59
requirements, 141, 163
special-needs, 167–70, 325n26. See also high school; homeschooling; schools, Amish
elderly, image of, 99
Elkhart-LaGrange (Ind.), 25, 57, 69, 103, 161, 175, 285
employers, Amish: and Amish workers, 187–88, 193, 195–96, 204, 285
employment: and affiliation, 191–92, 196–97, 199–200, 329n37
in English businesses, 184–85, 192, 200
and moral atmosphere, 184
nonfarm, 176, 191, 197, 200–201, 285
energy. See power, sources of
environmental issues, 216, 287
equality, meaning of, 129, 273–74
evangelism, 32, 49, 59, 62, 71, 129, 312n42, 317n49
ex-Amish. See defection
excommunication, 38, 82–84
and affiliation, 88–90, 93–94, 316n41, 317n51
and baptism, 83
families: and affiliations, 99–100
extended, 99
functions of, 102
popular image of, 97–98
and shift from farming, 97, 127–28, 140, 190
size of, 99–100
structure of, 98, 118–19, 123, 125, 129
farm equipment. See horses, use of; milking machines; technology; tractors
farmers, image of, 187–88
farming: and accidents, 232
and affiliation, 191–92, 197
percentage of Amish in, 175, 197
and personal character, 187–88
regard for, 197–98
shift away from, 12–13, 97, 140, 175, 187, 197
as way of life,
13, 102, 128, 187–88
farms: dairy, 7, 29, 191, 197, 208, 214–15
organic, 197, 214–16, 286
produce, 191, 199, 215
productivity, 175
size of, 2, 175, 190. See also farming; Holmes County (Ohio); land
fax machines, 208, 217, 242
fishing, 133–34, 136. See also hobbies
Flat Ridge Elementary School, 8
flying, 60
Food Stamps, 178–79, 211
foot-washing, 16
Former Amish Reunion (FAR), 86–87
founder effect, 229
freedom, meaning of, 23–24, 273–74, 280–81, 283
freindschaft. See families: extended
funerals, 16, 102, 254, 305n25. See also death
furniture making, 176–77, 179–83, 185, 191, 262. See also businesses
future trends, 170, 216, 218, 284–89
Geauga Settlement, 13, 25, 39, 117, 126, 230
Gelassenheit, 18–19, 112, 189, 198, 272
Gemeinde Register, 188, 251, 328n28
gender roles, 32, 114, 118–19
and farming, 128
and shift from farming, 22, 127–28
women’s views of, 121–26
genetic diseases, 228–31, 240–41
Gingerich, Ervin, 50
Goffman, Erving, 270, 333n9
government: aid from, 21, 169, 177–79, 195, 230, 234, 248, 252, 285
regulations, 20, 187, 194, 265
views of, 267, 276–77. See also Medicaid, participation in; Social Security
Great Commission. See mission work
Green Field Farms (GFF), 214–15
greenhouses, 128, 202
Haiti Relief Auction, 61
health: and age, 233
definition of, 231
and diet, 233
and lifestyle, 232–34
and occupation, 242
health care, 226–28, 230
and affiliation, 221–22, 225–26, 228, 236, 247
alternative medicine and, 234–38
cost issues in, 234, 248–49
criteria in choosing, 236, 238–39, 253
and doctor-patient relations, 245–48
and gender, 228, 232, 247–48, 331n12, 331n13
and hospice, 253–54
and immunization, 227–28
traditional beliefs regarding, 236–38
health care costs, 248
and affiliation, 248–51
paying for, 250–53
reducing, 24
high-context culture, 221
higher education. See education, attitudes toward higher
high school, 165–66
General Equivalency Diploma (GED) certificate, 142, 166, 172
history of Amish, 14–15
in Ohio, 25–29
hobbies, 133–34, 136, 322n69
competitive sports, 135, 323n72