Complete History of Jack the Ripper
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MEPO 3/3153. Documents on Whitechapel Murders returned to Yard in November 1987.
MEPO 3/3155. Photographs of Whitechapel Murder victims.
MEPO 6/15. Habitual Criminals Register, 1904.
(b) Home Office:
HO 8/194–6, 201–7. Quarterly returns of prisoners, Chatham (1872–3) and Portland (1874–6).
HO 27/140, 143, 167. Registers of persons charged at Assizes and Quarter Sessions, 1865, 1866 and 1874.
HO 45/9744/A56376. Police repudiate press interviews, 1894.
HO 140/25, 98. After-trial calendars of prisoners tried at Assizes and Quarter Sessions, 1874, 1887.
HO 144/220/A49301. Whitechapel Murders: suspects.
HO 144/220/A49301B. Whitechapel Murders: rewards.
HO 144/221/A49301C. Whitechapel Murders: steps taken to apprehend the murderer.
HO 144/221/A49301D. Whitechapel Murders: suspects.
HO 144/221/A49301E. Whitechapel Murders: use of dogs.
HO 144/221/A49301F. Miller’s Court Murder, 1888.
HO 144/221/A49301G. Whitechapel Murders: police allowances.
HO 144/221/A49301H. Poplar Murder, 1888.
HO 144/221/A49301I. Castle Alley Murder, 1889.
HO 144/221/A49301K. Pinchin Street Murder, 1889.
HO 144/680/101992. George Chapman.
HO 145/5. Criminal Lunacy Warrant Book, 1884–7.
HO 151/4–5. Confidential Entry Books, 1887–95.
(c) Miscellaneous:
ASSI 2/39. Oxfordshire Assize, Lent 1863, crown minute book.
ASSI 5/183/12. Oxfordshire Assize, Lent 1863, indictments.
ASSI 31/37. Kent Assize, Summer 1866, agenda book.
ASSI 35/306, Part 2. Kent Assize, Summer 1866, indictments.
BT 27/66–8. Board of Trade passenger lists, outwards, January-July 1891.
MH 94/6, 11, and 85. Registers of patient admissions to lunatic asylums.
PCOM 2/4. Chatham Prison register, 1871–81.
PCOM 2/55. Millbank Prison register, 1873–5.
PCOM 2/75. Pentonville Prison register, 1873–5.
PCOM 2/364. Portland Prison, governor’s journal, 1872–5.
PCOM 3/342, 605–29. Licenses for release of prisoners, 1873, 1882–3.
PCOM 6/21. Register of Licenses, 1902–8.
WO 97/1450, 2083, 3274, 5324. Soldiers: attestation & discharge papers.
Public Record Office, Chancery Lane
CRIM 1/84. Central Criminal Court, George Chapman case, 1903, depositions.
CRIM 4/1215. Central Criminal Court, George Chapman case, indictments.
National Census Returns, 1841–91.
Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, Belfast
D1507. Sir Edward Carson, correspondence & papers.
Office of Population Censuses & Surveys, St Catherine’s House, London
Registers of births, marriages & deaths.
British Library
Additional MS. 57,485. Letters from George R. Sims to Sir Melville Macnaghten.
Bodleian Library, Oxford
MS. Eng. hist. c. 723. Letter: Matthews, 5 October 1888, to Ruggles-Brise, on offer of reward for Whitechapel murderer.
Corporation of London Records Office, Guildhall
Southwark Inquests 1865, No. 229. Charles White inquest, 1865.
Coroner’s Inquest (L), 1888, No. 135. Catharine Eddowes inquest, 1888.
INQ/S/1902/274. Maud Marsh inquest, 1902.
Police Boxes 3.13–3.23. Letters, mainly from general public, to City Police about Whitechapel Murders.
Guildhall Library, Aldermanbury
MS. 10445/33. City of London Cemetery, Little Ilford, burial register, 1888.
MS. 6012A/17–19. Land Tax Books, Mile End Old Town, 1886, 1890–1.
MS. 6015A/4–5. Land Tax Books, Whitechapel, 1887–90.
Greater London Record Office, Northampton Road
MJ/SPC, NE 1888 Box 3 Case Paper 19. Mary Jane Kelly inquest, 1888.
PS/TH/A1/8–24 and PS/TH/A2/5–16. Thames Police Court registers, 1887–91.
H12/CH/B2/2. Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum, male admissions register, 1888–1906.
H12/CH/B13/36, 39–42. Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum, male casebooks, 1887, 1890–95.
H12/CH/B6/2. Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum, discharge register, 1891–6.
StBG/Wh/123/19–20. Whitechapel Workhouse Infirmary, admission & discharge books, 1887–9.
StBG/ME/114/4–5. Mile End Old Town Workhouse, admission & discharge books, 1890–91.
StBG/ME/117/12–13. Mile End Old Town Workhouse Infirmary, admission & discharge books, 1890–91.
X/20/355. Mile End Old Town Workhouse, religious creed register, 1890–92, microfilm.
X/20/362. Mile End Old Town Workhouse Infirmary, religious creed register, 1887–92, microfilm.
StBG/ME/107/8. Mile End Old Town, orders for reception of lunatics into asylums, 1889–91.
StBG/ME/112/4. Mile End Old Town, orders for admission of imbeciles into asylums, 1886–1903.
HO.BG/541/71. Holborn Workhouse, City Road, admission & discharge book, 1900.
X/20/65. St. Giles Workhouse, religious creed register, 1889–92, microfilm.
Acc 2385/63. Calendar, County of London Sessions, Clerkenwell, December 1900.
Banstead Hospital: admissions register, 1891–2, and papers relating to Michael Ostrog, 1891–3. (uncatalogued)
At time of writing the following records of Leavesden Asylum had not been allocated references:
Admission order book, Nos. 7351–7400.
Male case register, Vol. 12A, p. 29.
Male medical register, 1870–1917.
Male medical journal, 1918–21.
Admission & discharge book, 1919–20.
Aaron Kosminski file from ‘case files 1919’.
Westminster City Library (Victoria Library), Buckingham Palace Road
D358, D362 and D366. Rate books, Rupert Street, St James Piccadilly, 1887–90.
Holborn Library (Local Studies), Theobalds Road
Rate books, Great Ormond Street, 1887–8.
Royal London Hospital Archives & Museum, Whitechapel
London Hospital, patient admission register, 1888.
MC/S/1/1. London Hospital Medical College, index register of students, 1741–1914.
MC/S/1/6. London Hospital Medical College, register of students, 1876–1889.
Whitechapel Murders: The E. K. Larkins Collection.
Maps and sketches by Dr Gordon Brown and Frederick Foster, Mitre Square Murder, 1888. Originals now framed in Secretary’s Office, London Hospital Medical College, Turner Street, photographs in archives.
Harperbury Hospital, Radlett, Herts
Leavesden Asylum, admissions & deaths registers.
Springfield Hospital, Glenburnie Road, London
Surrey Lunatic Asylum, Male Patients Admission Book, 1880–88.
Surrey Lunatic Asylum, Criminal Lunatics Book, 1885–1950.
St Olave’s & St Saviour’s Grammar School Foundation, New Kent Road
St John’s Charity School, admissions register 1842–7, and charity minutes up to 1857.
Gloucestershire Record Office, Gloucester
Q/Gc 6/5. Gloucester Gaol register, 1865–71.
Q/Sm 1/7. Gloucestershire Quarter Sessions, Epiphany Sessions, 1866, court minute book.
Q/SD2 1866. Gloucestershire Quarter Sessions, Epiphany Sessions, 1866, depositions.
Surrey Record Office, Kingston upon Thames
Acc 1523/3/1/5. Brookwood Lunatic Asylum, admission register, 1887.
Staffordshire Record Office, Stafford
Bushbury, Staffs., parish register, 1832.
The following abbreviations are employed throughout the notes:
CLRO
Corporation of London Records Office.
CPL
Coroner’s Papers, Langham: Eddowes inquest, see under Corporation of London Records Office.
CPM
Coroner�
�s Papers, Macdonald: Kelly inquest, see under Greater London Record Office.
DN
Daily News
DT
Daily Telegraph
ELA
East London Advertiser
ELO
East London Observer
GL
Guildhall Library
GLRO
Greater London Record Office (now London Metropolitan Archives)
PMG
Pall Mall Gazette
PRO
Public Record Office
RLHAM
Royal London Hospital Archives & Museum
T
The Times
WCL
Westminster City Library (Victoria)
Notes
Introduction
1 For recent literature see Alexander Kelly, Jack the Ripper: A Bibliography and Review of the Literature (third edition, 1995) and Ross Strachan, The Jack the Ripper Handbook (Irvine, Scotland, 1999).
2 Register of cases, PRO, DPP 3/7, application No. 420.
3 They are now published in Stewart Evans & Keith Skinner (ed.), The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook (London, 2000), pp. 3–5. This book, an altogether magnificent selection of primary source material, is indispensable to serious students of the case.
4 Dew, I Caught Crippen (London, 1938), pp. 91–92.
5 For the fruits of recent research into some of the Ripper’s victims, see Neal Shelden, Jack the Ripper and his Victims (Hornchurch, Essex, 1999).
6 J. Shepherd, H. Ellis & G. Davies, Identification Evidence (Aberdeen, 1982), pp. 80–86; J. Shepherd, ‘Identification After Long Delays,’ in Sally Lloyd-Bostock & Brian Clifford (ed.), Evaluating Witness Evidence (1983), pp. 173–187; G. Davies, ‘Mistaken Identification: Where Law Meets Psychology Head On,’ a paper read to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 9 September 1994.
7 A. Aylmer, ‘The Detective in Real Life,’ Windsor Magazine, I (1895), p. 507.
8 H. L. Adam, CID Behind the Scenes at Scotland Yard (London, not dated), p. 14.
9 Daily Chronicle, 1 September 1908.
10 Compare deposition of Inspector Abberline, 12 November 1888, CPM, f. 12, and report of Dr Phillips, 22 July 1889, MEPO 3/140, f. 265.
11 D. S. Goffee, ‘The Search for Michael Ostrog,’ Ripperana, No. 10, October 1994, pp. 5–12.
12 St Giles Workhouse, Religious Creed Register, 1889–92, GLRO, Microfilm X/20/65. The following records of Banstead Hospital, held by GLRO but uncatalogued at time of my research, contain valuable information: Admissions Register, 1891–2; Reception Order, 4 May 1891; Macnaghten, 7 May 1891, to Medical Supt.; Notice of Discharge, 29 May 1893.
13 Aylesbury Reporter, 7 July 1894; Bucks. Herald, 16 and 23 June, 7 July 1894; Remissions and Pardons 1894–1907, PRO, HO 188/3, p. 19.
14 Woolwich Gazette, 16 and 23 September 1898; Woolwich Herald, 23 September 1898.
15 Calendar, County of London Sessions, Clerkenwell, 18 December 1900, No. 90, GLRO, Acc 2385/63; T 11 and 20 December 1900; DT 20 December 1900.
16 Register of Licences, 1902–8, No. 64026, PRO, PCOM 6/21; Habitual Criminals Register, 1904, PRO, MEPO 6/15, p. 244.
17 The chain of command amongst the various police officers involved on the case is well described by Nick Connell & Stewart Evans, The Man Who Hunted Jack the Ripper: Edmund Reid and the Police Perspective (Cambridge, 1999), espec. pp. 13–14, 24–5, 28–30.
18 H. L. Adam, ‘My Forty Years as a Crime Investigator,’ Thomson’s Weekly News, 26 November 1932.
19 Norman Hastings, ‘Chapman was not Jack the Ripper,’ Thomson’s Weekly News, 21 June 1930. On Hastings’s work in general, see Nick Connell, “When the People Were in Terror” by Norman Hastings,’ Ripperologist, No. 33, February 2001, pp. 4–6.
20 Michael Conlon, ‘A Tale of Two ‘Frenchys’,’ Ripperana, No. 34, October 2000, pp. 1–10; Melvin Harris, The True Face of Jack the Ripper (London, 1994), p. 165; R. Michael Gordon, Alias Jack the Ripper (Jefferson, North Carolina, 2001), pp. 225–246.
21 Gordon, Alias Jack the Ripper, pp. 248–250.
22 Stewart Evans & Paul Gainey, Jack the Ripper, First American Serial Killer (London, 1996); Evans & Skinner (ed.), Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook, pp. 611–622.
23 Stefan Petrow, Policing Morals: The Metropolitan Police and the Home Office 1870–1914 (Oxford, 1994), pp. 61–62.
1 A Century of Final Solutions
1 ELA 6 October 1888; Southern Guardian, 5 January 1889.
2 Warren, 17 October 1888, to Matthews, HO 144/220/A49301B/12; Lusk, 7 October 1888, to Matthews, HO 144/220/A49301B/7.
3 Brian Marriner, A Century of Sex Killers (London, 1992), p. 19.
4 DT 1 October 1888; Star 10 November 1888.
5 Star 10 November 1888.
6 Star 11 September 1888.
7 Dan Farson, Jack the Ripper (London, revised edition, 1973), p. 45; DT 10 and 11 September 1888; Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, Third Series, Vol. CCCXXX, pp. 902–4; L. Forbes Winslow, Recollections of Forty Years (London, 1910), p. 252; Terence Robertson, ‘Madman who Murdered Nine Women’, Reynolds’ News, 29 October 1950.
Even where newsmen purport to quote the words of persons actually interviewed by them their reports must be used with care. When Frances Coles was slain in 1891 a Press Association report quoted Sir Edward Bradford, then Commissioner of Metropolitan Police, as saying that she had been murdered by ‘the same assassin who had previously struck terror in the East End’ in 1888. Bradford could remember making no such statement and his chief clerk wrote to the Press Association and asked them to retract it (W. Staples, 16 February 1891, to Press Association, PRO, MEPO 1/54, ff. 51–2). In September 1894 the Evening News published a long ‘chat’ with Dr Anderson, head of CID, about anthropometry, and Le Matin a two-column interview with Chief Inspector Melville about foreign Anarchists. Both officers denied that the interviews had ever taken place. Anderson, in a note to the Home Office on 24 September, said that although he remembered a reporter visiting him at New Scotland Yard he had been ‘positively rude to the man & declined altogether to be interviewed.’ The documents will be found at PRO, HO 45/9744/A56376.
8 For interviews with elderly East Londoners, see especially Farson, Jack the Ripper, pp. 25, 26, 48–9, 53–4; Tom Cullen, Autumn of Terror: Jack the Ripper, His Crimes and Times (London, 1965), pp. 17–19, 52–3, 129.
9 The Sickert-Knight theory may be followed in: Elwyn Jones and John Lloyd, The Ripper File (London, 1975); Stephen Knight, Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution (London, 1976); The Sunday Times, 18 June 1978; The Bloodhound, March 1987; Donald Rumbelow, The Complete Jack the Ripper (London, revised edition, 1987), pp. 200–217; Martin Howells & Keith Skinner, The Ripper Legacy (London, 1987), pp. 37–52; Melvin Harris, Jack the Ripper: The Bloody Truth (London, 1987), pp. 136–69; Neal Shelden, ‘Victims of Jack the Ripper’, True Detective, January 1989, pp. 49–51; Melvyn Fairclough, The Ripper and the Royals (London, 1991).
10 The case for the diary is expounded at length in Shirley Harrison, The Diary of Jack the Ripper (London, 1993). It should be read in conjunction with: Nick Warren, ‘Diary of an “extraordinarily nervous man”’, Ripperana, No. 5, July 1993, pp. 24–7; Phillip Knightley, ‘Is this man Jack the Ripper?’, The Independent on Sunday, 29 August 1993; Maurice Chittenden & Christopher Lloyd, ‘Fake!’, The Sunday Times, 19 September 1993; Nick Warren, ‘Ten reasons why I believe the Ripper diary to be bogus,’ Ripperana, No. 7, January 1994, pp. 2–5. Kenneth Rendell, a specialist in the authentication of historical documents, concludes that the Ripper diary is a hoax in his forthcoming book, Forging History: The Detection of Fake Letters and Documents, to be published by University of Oklahoma Press in March 1994.
11 William Stewart, Jack the Ripper: A New Theory (London, 1939), p. 220.
12 Donald McCormick, The Identity of Jack the Ripper (London, 1959), pp. 149, 151.
13 See, especially: Cullen, Autumn of Terror; Rumbelow, Complete Jack the Rip
per; Paul Begg, Jack the Ripper: The Uncensored Facts (London, 1988); Paul Begg, Martin Fido & Keith Skinner (ed.), The Jack the Ripper A to Z (London, 1991); Alexander Kelly, Jack the Ripper: A Bibliography and Review of the Literature (London, revised edition, 1984). For serious students a subscription to the aficionados’ quarterly, Ripperana, edited by Nicholas P. Warren, is essential.
14 Neil Gaiman, Eugene Byrne and Kim Newman, ‘Who was Jack the Ripper?’, The Truth, No. 12, 20 October 1988, pp. 17–19.
2 Mysterious Murder in George Yard
1 Depositions of Elizabeth Mahoney, Alfred George Crow and John Saunders Reeves at inquest, 9 August 1888, ELO and ELA 11 August, T and DN 10 August; report of Inspector E. Ellisdon, 10 August 1888, MEPO 3/140, f. 34; report of Chief Inspector Donald S. Swanson, September 1888, HO 144/221/A49301C/8a. Walter Dew’s reminiscent account of the Tabram murder must be used with care, I Caught Crippen (London, 1938), pp. 95–104.
2 Deposition of PC Thomas Barrett, 9 August 1888, ELO 11 August.
3 Deposition of Dr Timothy Robert Killeen, 9 August 1888, ibid.
4 Deposition of Dr Killeen, 9 August 1888, ELO 11 August and DN 10 August.
5 Report of Inspector Ellisdon, 10 August 1888, MEPO 3/140, f. 34; statement of Francis Hewitt and wife, ELO 18 August 1888; Illustrated Police News 18 August 1888.
6 Star 7 August 1888.
7 ELO and ELA 11 August 1888; For the St Jude’s Vigilance Committee, see Secretary of Committee, Toynbee Hall, 9 September 1888, to DN, DN 11 September; Star 12 September 1888; ELO 15 September 1888; Cullen, Autumn of Terror, pp. 92–3.
8 The fullest notices of the inquest proceedings are in ELO and ELA 11 August 1888. Unless otherwise credited all details in the text relating to the inquest have been derived from these sources.
9 T 10 August 1888.
10 Biographical information on Martha Tabram has been drawn from the registers of births, marriages & deaths, St Catherine’s House, from the censuses of 1851 (HO 107/1565) and 1871 (RG 10/606), PRO, and from the depositions of Henry Samuel Tabram, Henry Turner, Mary Bousfield and Ann Morris at the resumed inquest on 23 August 1888. For inquest reports, see T and DN 24 August, ELO and ELA 25 August, and report of Inspector Edmund Reid, 24 August 1888, MEPO 3/140, ff. 49–51. For James Bousfield, see Cullen, Autumn of Terror, p. 36 n. 1.