Pol Pot

by Philip Short

  Bilan de Norodom Sihanouk pendant le Mandat Royal de 1952 à 1955, n.d., n.p. but Phnom Penh, 1955 (Bilan)

  Bizot, François, Le Portail, La Table Ronde, Paris, 2000

  Black Paper: Facts and Evidences of the Acts of Aggression and Annexation of Vietnam against Kampuchea, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Democratic Kampuchea, Sept. 1978 (reprinted by the Group of Kampuchean Residents in America, New York)

  Brown, David E., ‘Exporting Insurgency: The Communists in Cambodia’, in Zasloff and Goodman, Conflict (Exporting Insurgency)

  Brown, MacAlister, and Zasloff, Joseph J., Cambodia Confounds the Peacemakers, 1979–1998, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 1998 (Cambodia Confounds)

  Bunchan Mol, Kuk Niyobay, Phnom Penh, 1971

  —Charek Khmer, Editions Apsara, Paris, n.d.

  Burchett, Wilfred, Mekong Upstream, Red River Publishing, Hanoi, 1957

  —The China Cambodia Vietnam Triangle, Zed Books, London, 1981 (Triangle)

  Caldwell, Malcolm, and Lek Tan, Cambodia in the Southeast Asian War, Monthly Review Press, New York, 1973

  Carney, Timothy M., Communist Party Power in Kampuchea (Cambodia): Documents and Discussion, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, Jan. 1977 (Communist Party Power)

  Chanda, Nayan, Brother Enemy: the War after the War, Macmillan, New York, 1986

  Chandler, David P., The Tragedy of Cambodian History: Politics, War, and Revolution since 1945, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1991 (Tragedy)

  —A History of Cambodia, 2nd edn., Silkworm Books, Bangkok, 1993 (History)

  —Facing the Cambodian Past: Selected Essays, 1971–1994, Silkworm Books, Chiangmai, 1996 (Facing)

  —Brother Number One, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1999 (Brother)

  —Voices from S-21: Terror and History in Pol Pot’s Secret Prison, Silkworm Books, Bangkok, 2000 (Voices)

  Chandler, David P., and Kiernan, Ben (eds.), Revolution and its Aftermath in Kampuchea: Eight Essays, Yale University South-East Asia Studies, no. 25, New Haven, CT, 1983 (Aftermath)

  Chandler, David P., Kiernan, Ben, and Boua, Chanthou (eds.), Pol Pot Plans the Future, Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, Monograph no. 33, New Haven, CT, 1988 (Pol Pot Plans)

  Chandler, David P., Kiernan, Ben, and Muy Hong Lim, The Early Phases of Liberation in Northwestern Cambodia: Conversations with Peang Sophi, Monash Working Paper no. 10, Clayton, Victoria, 1976 (Peang Sophi)

  Chhang Song, Buddhism under Pol Pot, 1996, unpublished ms (Buddhism)

  CWIHP, 77 Conversations between Chinese and Foreign Leaders on the Wars in Indochina, 1964–1977, ed. Odd Arne Westad, Chen Jian, Stein Tonnesson, Nguyen Vu Tung and James G. Hershberg, Woodrow Wilson Center Working Paper no. 22, Washington, DC, May 1998 (77 Conversations)

  Corfield, Justin, Khmers Stand Up! A History of the Cambodian Government, 1970–1975, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 1994 (Stand Up!)

  Criddle, Joan D., and Teeda Butt Mam, To Destroy You Is No Loss, Atlantic Monthly Press, New York, 1987 (Destroy)

  Deac, Wilfred P., Road to the Killing Fields: The Cambodian War of 1970–1975, Texas A & M University Press, College Station, TX, 1997 (Road)

  Debré, François, Cambodge: La Révolution de la Forêt, Flammarion, Paris, 1976 (Revolution)

  Delvert, Jean, Le Paysan Cambodgien, Mouton, Paris, 1961 (Paysan)

  De Nike, Howard J., Quigley, John, and Robinson, Kenneth J. (eds.), Genocide in Cambodia, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 2000

  Ebihara, May M., Svay: A Khmer Village in Cambodia, Columbia University PhD dissertation, 1968 (Svay)

  —‘Revolution and Reformulation in Kampuchean Village Culture’, in Ablin and Hood, Agony (Revolution and Reformulation)

  —’A Cambodian Village under the Khmer Rouge’, in Kiernan, Genocide and Democracy (Village)

  Ebihara, May M., Mortland, Carol A., and Ledgerwood, Judy (eds.), Cambodian Culture since 1975: Homeland and Exile, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 1994 (Cambodian Culture)

  Edwards, Penny, ‘Ethnic Chinese in Cambodia’, in Interdisciplinary Research on Ethnic Groups in Cambodia, Preah Sihanouk Raj Academy, Phnom Penh, 1996 (Ethnic Chinese)

  Elliott, David W. P., Kiernan, Ben, Hy Van Luong, and Mahoney, Therese M. (eds.), Indochina: Social and Cultural Change, Keck Center for International and Strategic Studies, Claremont, CA, 1994 (Indochina)

  Elliott, David W. P. (ed.), The Third Indochina Conflict, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1981

  Engelbert, Thomas, and Goscha, Christopher E., Falling out of Touch: A Study on Vietnamese Communist Policy Towards an Emerging Cambodian Communist Movement, 1930–1975, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 1995 (Falling)

  Evans, Grant, and Rowley, Kelvin, Red Brotherhood at War: Indochina Since the Fall of Saigon, Vevso, London, 1984 (Brotherhood)

  Fiche d’étudiant, Echols Collection, Cornell University Library

  Forest, Alain, Le Cambodge et la colonisation française: histoire d’une colonisation sans heurts (1897–1920), L’Harmattan, Paris, 1980 (Colonisation sans heurts)

  Furuta, Motoo, ‘The Indochina Communist Party’s division into Three Parties: Vietnamese Communist Policy towards Cambodia and Laos, 1948–51’, in Furuta, Motoo and Shiraishi, Takashi, Indochina in the 1940s and 1950s, Cornell University South East Asia Programme, Ithaca, NY, 1979 (Division)

  Gettleman and Kaplan, Conflict in Indo-China: a reader on the widening war in Laos and Cambodia, Random House, New York, 1970 (Conflict)

  Ghosh, Amitav, Dancing in Cambodia: At Large in Burma, Ravi Dayal, New Delhi, 1998

  Goscha, Christopher E., Le Contexte Asiatique de la Guerre Franco-Vietnamienne: Réseaux, Relations et Economie (d’Août 1945 à Mai 1954), PhD thesis, Paris, 2000 (thesis)

  Grant, Jonathan S., Moss, Laurence A. G., and Unger, Jonathan (eds.), Cambodia: The Widening War in Indochina, Washington Square Press, New York, 1971 (Widening War)

  Haing Ngor, A Cambodian Odyssey, Macmillan, New York, 1987 (Odyssey)

  Heckman, Charles W., The Phnom Penh Airlift: Confessions of a Pig Pilot in the early 1970s, McFarland, Jefferson, NC, 1990 (Pig Pilot)

  Heder, Stephen, Kampuchean Occupation and Resistance, Chulalongkorn University Institute of Asian Studies, Bangkok, 1980 (Occupation)

  —’The Kampuchean-Vietnamese Conflict’, in Elliott, Third Indochina Conflict (Conflict)

  —’Kampuchea: From Pol Pot to Pen Sovann to the Villages’, in Khien Theeravit and Brown, Indochina (Pol Pot to Pen Sovann)

  —Pol Pot and Khieu Samphân, Centre of South-East Asian Studies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 1991

  Hinton, Alexander Laban, ‘Why Did You Kill? The Cambodian Genocide and the Dark Side of Face and Honor Journal of Asian Studies, vol. 57, no. 1, Feb. 1998 (Why?)

  Ieng Sary, Imprimé de la collection des documents sur le Cambodge, Bibliothèque Militaire, Hanoi, 1979, Doc. 32(N442)/T724, ‘Sur l’Histoire de la Lutte de notre peuple Cambodgien’, talk between Ieng Sary and Jacquet, General Secretary of the French Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist), Phnom Penh, Sept. 9 and 15 1978, VA (Talk with Jacquet)

  —‘Interview with Adrian Maben’, Pailin, Aug. 1999 (Maben interview)

  In Sopheap, Khieu Samphân: aggrandi et réel, unpublished typescript

  Institut Bouddhique, La Vie du Paysan Khmer, Phnom Penh, 1969 (Paysan Khmer)

  Ith Sarin, ‘Life in the Bureaux of the Khmer Rouge’, in Carney, Communist Party Power (Bureaux)

  —‘Nine months with the Maquis’, in Carney, Communist Party Power (Nine Months)

  Jackson, Karl D., ‘Cambodia 1978: War, Pillage and Purge in Democratic Kampuchea’, Asian Survey, 1979 (Cambodia 1978)

  Jackson, Karl D. (ed.), Cambodia, 1975–1978: Rendezvous with Death, Princeton University Press, NJ, 1989 (Rendezvous)

  Jennar, Raoul, Les Clés du Cambodge, Maisonneuve and Larose, Paris, 1995 (Clés)

  Kampuchea Dossier, vols. 1–3, Vietnam Courier, Hanoi, 1978–9

  Ke Pauk, Autobiography of a Mass Mur
derer’, Phnom Penh Post, Mar. 1–14 2002 (Autobiography)

  Khien Theeravit and Brown, MacAlister (eds.), Indochina and Problems of Security and Stability in South-East Asia, Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, 1983 (Indochina)

  Khieu Samphân, Cambodia’s Economy and Industrial Development, trans. Laura Summers, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, Data Paper III, Mar. 1979 (thesis)

  Khin Sok, Le Cambodge entre le Siam et le Vietnam, Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient, Paris, 1991 (Cambodge)

  Khing Hocdy, Ecrivains et Expressions Littéraires du Cambodge au 2oème Siècle, L’Harmattan, Paris, 1993 (Ecrivains)

  Khmer Armed Resistance, Khmer Peace Committee, n.p. but Beijing, Oct. 1952

  Kiernan, Ben, The Samlaut R é bellion and its Aftermath, 1967–70: The Origins of Cambodia’s Liberation Movement, University of New South Wales, 1975 (Samlaut)

  —Origins of Khmer Communism’, South-East Asian Affairs, 1981 (Origins)

  —Cambodia: the Eastern Zone Massacres, Center for the Study of Human Rights, Columbia University, NYC, n.d. (Eastern Zone Massacres)

  —’Pol Pot and the Kampuchean Communist Movement’, in Kiernan and Boua, Peasants and Politics (Communist Movement)

  —’Wild Chickens, Farm Chickens and Cormorants: Kampuchea’s Eastern Zone under Pol Pot’, in Chandler and Kiernan, Aftermath (Chickens)

  —How Pol Pot Came to Power, Verso, London, 1985 (How Pol Pot)

  —’Kampuchea’s Ethnic Chinese Under Pol Pot: A Case of Systematic Social Discrimination’, JCA, vol. 16, 1986 (Chinese)

  —’Rural Reorganization in Democratic Kampuchea: The North-West Zone, 1975—1977’, in Elliott et al., Indochina (Rural Reorganization)

  —The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–79, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1996 (Regime)

  Kiernan, Ben (ed.), Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia, Yue University Press, New Haven, CT, 1993 (Genocide and Democracy)

  Kiernan, Ben and Chanthou Boua (eds.), Peasants and Politics in Kampuchea, 1942–1981, Zed Press, London, 1982 (Peasants and Politics)

  Kirk, Donald, ‘Revolution and Political Violence in Cambodia, 1970–1974’, in Zasloff, Joseph J., and Brown, MacAlister, Communism in Indochina: New Perspectives, Lexington Books, Lexington, MA, 1975 (Revolution)

  Kropotkin, Pëtr Alekséevitch, La Grande Révolution, 1789–1793

  Stock, Paris, Lancaster, Donald, ‘The Decline of Prince Sihanouks Regime’, in Zasloff and Goodman, Conflict (Decline)

  Laurent, Maurice, L’Armée au Cambodge et dans les pays en voie de développement du sud-est asiatique, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1968 (Armée)

  Lee Kwan Yew, From Third World to First: The Singapore Story, 1965–2000, HarperCollins, New York, 2000 (Third World to First)

  Locard, Henri, Le Petit Livre Rouge des Khmers Rouges, L’Harmattan, Paris, 1996 (Petit Livre Rouge)

  Mabbett, Ian, and Chandler, David P., The Khmers, Blackwell, Oxford, 1995

  Mamm, Kalyanee E., An Oral History Of Family Life Under The Khmer Rouge, Working Paper GS 10, Yale University, 1999 (Family Life)

  Mao Zedong,’On New Democracy’, in Selected Works, vol. 2, Foreign Languages Press, Beijing, 1967

  —’Some Questions concerning Methods of Leadership’, in Selected Works, vol. 3, Foreign Languages Press, Beijing, 1967 (Some Questions)

  Martin, Marie Alexandrine, ‘L’Industrie dans le Kampuchéa Démocratique (1975–1978)’, Etudes Rurales, Paris, nos. 89–91, Jan-Sept. 1983 (Industrie)

  —’La riziculture et la maîtrise de l’eau dans le Kampuchéa Démocratique’, Etudes Rurales, no. 83, July-Sept. 1981 (Riziculture)

  —’Le Gouvernement de Coalition du Kampuchéa Démocratique: Historique, Bilan et Perspectives’, Bulletin de l’ASEMI, vol. 13, nos. 1–4, 1982 (Gouvernement)

  —‘La Politique Alimentaire des Khmers Rouges’, Etudes Rurales, nos. 99–100, July–Dec. 1985 (Alimentaire)

  —Cambodia: A Shattered Society, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 1994 (Shattered)

  —Les Khmers Daeum: Khmers de l’Origine’, Presses de l’Ecole Française d’Extrème-Orient, Paris, 1997 (Khmers Daeum)

  Meyer, Charles, Derrière le Sourire Khmer, Plon, Paris, 1971 (Sourire)

  Migot, André, Les Khmers, Livre Contemporain, Paris, 1960

  Mok, interview with Nate Thayer, Anlong Veng, 1997 (Thayer interview)

  Morris, Stephen J., Why Vietnam Invaded Cambodia, Stanford University Press, CA, 1999 (Why Vietnam)

  Mosyakov, Dmitri, The Khmer Rouge and the Vietnamese Communists: A history of their relations as told in the Soviet archives, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 2000 (Khmer Rouge)

  Nuon Chea,’Statement of the Communist Party of Kampuchea to the Communist Workers Party of Denmark’, July 30—31 1978, in Journal of Communist Studies, vol. 3, 1987 (Statement)

  Ong Thong Hoeung, Récit d’une Illusion, unpublished typescript (Récti). A revised version was published in 2003 (J’ai cru au khmers rouges: Retour sur une Illusion, Buchet-Chastel, Paris)

  Osborne, Milton, Sihanouk: Prince of Light, Prince of Darkness, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1994 (Prince of Light)

  —Politics and Power in Cambodia: The Sihanouk Years, Longman, Sydney, 1973 (Politics and Power)

  —Before Kampuchea: Preludes to Tragedy, Allen & Unwin, London, 1979 (Before Kampuchea)

  Pannetier, Adrien, Notes Cambodgiennes: Au Coeur du Pays Khmer, Payot, Paris, 1921

  Peschoux, Christophe, Les ‘Nouveaux’ Khmers Rouges: Enquête, 1979–1990, L’Harmattan, Paris, 1992

  Phillips, Herbert P., ‘Social Contact versus Social Promise in a Siamese Village’, in Potter, Jack M., Diaz, May N., and Foster, George M., Peasant Society, Little Brown, Boston, 1967, pp. 348–9 (Social Contact)

  Picq, Laurence, Beyond the Horizon: Five Years with the Khmer Rouge, St Martin’s Press, New York, 1989 (Horizon)

  —Original uncorrected typescript from which the published French and English versions, Au delà du Ciel and Horizon, were taken (typescript)

  Pin Yathay, Stay Alive, My Son, Macmillan, New York, 1987 (Stay Alive)

  Pol Pot, ‘Interview with Tran Thanh Xuan, Vice-Director of the Vietnam News Agency’, July 20 1976, JCA, vol. 7, 1977, pp. 418–22 (Tran Thanh Xuan interview)

  —’The Party’s Four-Year Plan to Build Socialism in All Fields, 1977–1980’, July Aug. 1976, in Chandler et al., Pol Pot Plans (Four-Year Plan)

  —’Preliminary Explanation Before Reading the Plan, by the Party Secretary’, Aug. 21 1976, in Chandler et al., Pol Pot Plans (Preliminary Explanation)

  —’Summary of the Results of the 1976 Study Session’ (undated but autumn 1976) in Chandler et al., Pol Pot Plans (Study Session)

  —’Report of Activities of the Party Center According to the General Political Tasks of 1976’, Dec. 20 1976, in Chandler et al., Pol Pot Plans (Report)

  —’Abbreviated Lesson on the History of the Kampuchean Revolutionary Movement Led by the Communist party of Kampuchea’ (undated but early 1977) in Chandler et al., Pol Pot Plans (Abbreviated Lesson)

  —’Pol Pot présente les expériences du Cambodge à Khamtan, Secrétaire-général du PC Thailandais’, Aug. 1977, Doc. 32(N442)/TVN 7808, VA (Talk with Khamtan)

  —’Statement by the CPK Secretary at 27th September [1977] mass meeting in Phnom Penh marking the CPK’s 17th anniversary’, BBC SWB FE/5629/C2/1–9, 5631/C2/1–6 and 5632/C/1–7 (September 27 speech)

  —’Interview with Yugoslav Journalists’, Radio Phnom Penh, Mar. 20 1978, in JCA, vol. 8, 1978, pp. 413–21 (Yugoslav interview)

  —’Interview with Cai Ximei’, May 1984 (Cai Ximei interview)

  —’Interview with Nate Thayer’, Anlong Veng, 1997 (Thayer interview)

  Ponchaud, François, ‘Cambodge Libéré’, Echange France-Asie, no. 13, Jan. 1976 (EFA 13)

  —’Le Kampuchéa Démocratique: Une Révolution Radicale’, Exchange France-Asie, no. 17, May 1976 (EFA 17)
/>
  —Cambodia: Year Zero, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, 1978 (Year Zero)

  —’Vietnam-Cambodge: Une Solidanté Militante Fragile’, in Temps Modernes, vol. 35, Jan.–Mar. 1980 (Vietnam-Cambodge)

  —La Cathédrale de la Rizière, Fayard, Paris, 1990 (Cathédrale)

  Porter, Gareth, ‘Vietnamese Communist Policy towards Kampuchea, 1930–70’, in Chandler and Kiernan, Aftermath (Vietnamese Policy)

  —’Vietnamese Policy and the Indochina Crisis’, in Elliott, Third Indochina Conflict (Crisis)

  Prasso, Sheri, Violence, Ethnicity and Ethnic Cleansing, Department of Social Anthropology, Cambridge University, May 1995

  Puangthong Rungswasdisab, Thailand’s Response to the Cambodian Genocide, Yale Center for International and Area Studies, Working Paper GS12, New Haven, CT, 1999

  Qiang Zhai, China and the Vietnam Wars: 1950—1975, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC, 2000 (Vietnam Wars)

  Quinn, Kenneth M., ‘The Khmer Krahom Program to Create a Communist Society in Southern Cambodia’, Airgram A-008, American Consulate, Can Tho, to US Department of State, Feb. 20 1974 (Khmer Krahom Program)

  —’Political Change in Wartime: the Khmer Krahom Revolution in Southern Cambodia’, in Naval War College Review, Spring 1976, pp. 3–31 (Political Change)

  Reddi, V. M., A History of the Cambodian Independence Movement, 1863–1955, Sri Venkateswara University Press, Tirupati, 1970

  Robequain, Charles, The Economic Development of French Indo-China, OUP, Oxford, 1944

  Ros Chantrabot, La République Khmère (1970–1975), L’Harmattan, Paris, 1993

  Ross, Robert S., Indochina Tangle, Columbia University Press, New York, 1988 (Tangle)

  Schanberg, Sydney H., The Death and Life of Dith Pran, Elizabeth Sifton Books, New York, 1985 (Death and Life)

  Schier, Peter, and Oum-Schier, Manola, Prince Sihanouk on Cambodia, 2nd edn., Mitteilungen des Instituts fur Asienkunde, Hamburg, 1985 (Sihanouk)

  Shawcross, William, Sideshow: Nixon, Kissinger and the Destruction of Cambodia, Hogarth Press, London, 1991 (Sideshow)

  —The Quality of Mercy, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1984 (Quality)

  Sher, Sacha, Le Parcours Politique des Khmers Rouges: Projet et Pratiques, 1945–1978, PhD thesis, University of Paris X, Nanterre [draft dated 2001] (thesis). A later version, with different pagination, is dated Sept. 2002. The first part has since been published as Le Kampuchéa des Khmers Rouges: Essai de comprehension d’une tentative de révolution, L’Harmattan, Paris, 2004