by Alex Ross
Rauschenberg, Robert
Ravel, Maurice, Bolero, Gaspard de la nuit Jeux d’eau, Miroirs, Rapsodie espagnole, Spanish-Basque heritage of, Le Tombeau de Couperin, La Valse
RCA
Reagan, Ronald
recording technology, phonograph records, see also computer music, Edison Bell cylinder
Red Detachment of Women (Wu and Du)
Reed, Lou
Reger, Max
Reich, Steve, The Cave, City Life, Come Out, Different Trains Drumming, Four Organs, It’s Gonna, Rain, listens to, Coltrane, Music for 18 Musicians, Piano Phase, Steve, Reich and Musicians, Three Tales
Reich Music Chamber
Reinhardt, Max
Renoir, Jean
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste
Resettlement Administration
Revue musicale, La
Revueltas, Silvestre: La noche de los Mayas
Rhapsody in Blue (Gershwin)
Richter, Sviatoslav
Riddle, Nelson
Riefenstahl, Leni
Riegger, Wallingford
Riley, Terry, In C, Mescalin Mix, A Rainbow in Curved Air, String Trio
Rilke, Rainer Maria
Rimbaud, Arthur
Rimsky-Korsakov, Georgi
Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai, Capriccio espagnol, Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh, octatonic scale used by, Scheherazade
Ringer, Alexander
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
Rischin, Rebecca
Rite of Spring, The, (Stravinsky), “Augurs of Spring,” “Dance of the Earth,” “Danse sacrale,” premiere of, “Procession of the Sage,” response to
Ritter, Alexander
River, The
(Lorentz)
Rivera, Diego
Rivière, Jacques
Robbins, Jerome
Robeson, Paul
Robinson, Harlow
Rochberg, George, Third String Quartet,
Rochester Philharmonic
Rockefeller, Nelson
rock music
Rockwell, John
Rodgers, Richard, Oklahoma!
Rodzinski, Artur
Roerich, Nicholas
Roethke, Theodore
Rolland, Romain
Roller, Alfred
Romeu, Antonio María
Roosevelt, Eleanor
Roosevelt, Franklin D., see also New Deal arts projects
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rorem, Ned
Rosbaud, Hans
Rosé, Alma
Rose, Paul Lawrence
Rosegger, Peter
Rosenberg, Alfred
Rosenfeld, Paul
Roslavetz, Nikolai
Rostropovich, Mstislav
Rothko, Mark
Rothko Chapel (Feldman)
Rouse, Christopher: Der gerettete Alberich
Roussel, Albert
Roxy Music
Royal Academy of Music, Budapest
Royal College of Music, London
Royal Manchester College of Music
Royal Opera House, Covent Garden
Rózsa, Miklós
Rubenstein, Anton
Ruggles, Carl, Sun-Treader
Rumi, Jalal al-Din
Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians (RAPM)
Russian Revolution of 1917
Russolo, Luigi
Rzewski, Frederic, The People United Will Never Be Defeated!
Saariaho, Kaija
Sabinina, Marina
Sachs, Harvey
Sacre du printemps, Le, see The Rite of Spring Saint Francis of Assisi (Messiaen)
Saint-Gaudens, Augustus
St. Petersburg, Russia
St. Petersburg Conservatory
Saint-Saëns, Camille
Salisbury, Harrison
Salome (Strauss), Austrian
Salome (Strauss) (cont.) premiere of, Berg influenced by, Dance of the Seven Veils in, Five Jews, five-note chord in, Hitler and, Mahler on, response to, Schoenberg influenced by, twelve-note rows in,
Salonen, Esa-Pekka
San Francisco Mime Troupe
San Francisco Tape Music Center
Sargeant, Winthrop
Sarnoff, David
Satie, Erik, Le Fils des étoiles, Gymnopédies, Parade, Vexations
Sauguet, Henri
Scelsi, Giacinto: Aion, Anahit, Four Pieces, Konx-Om-Pax
Schaeffer, Pierre, Études of Noises, Symphony for a Solitary Man
Schafer, R. Murray:, Patria
Schenker, Heinrich
Schenzer, Karl
Scherchen, Hermann
Scherchen, Wulff
Schiele, Egon
Schiller, Friedrich von
Schillinger, Joseph
Schillings, Max von
Schirach, Baldur von
Schirach, Carl von
Schloezer, Boris de
Schlusnus, Heinrich
Schmeling, Max
Schmitt, Florent
Schnebel, Dieter
Abfälle I/1
Schnittke, Alfred, First Symphony, Historia von D. Johann Fausten
Schnitzler, Arthur
Schoenberg, Arnold, atonality and, background of, on Berg, in Berlin, Book of Hanging Gardens, in California, Chamber Symphony No. 1, “Dance Around the Golden Calf,”, dispute with Copland, dispute with Weill, Erwartung, Five Pieces for Orchestra, “Four-Point Program for Jewry,” From Today, Until Tomorrow, Gurre-Lieder, Harmonielehre(Theory of Harmony), and Hitler’s Germany, influence of Salome on,, on Ives, Jacob’s Ladder, Jewish identity of, Kol nidre, and Mahler; marital crisis, Moses und Aron, Ode to Napoleon Bonaparte, as painter, Pelleas und Melisande, Piano Concerto, Pierrot lunaire, and postwar Germany, pupils of, see Berg, Cage, Eisler, Harrison, Webern; Quartet No. 1, Quartet No. 2, Quartet No. 4, “scandal concerts” of 1907 Septet-Suite, Serenade, Six Little Pieces for Piano, and Strauss, and Stravinsky, String, Trio, Suite in G, tennis with Gershwin, and Thalberg, Theme and Variations in G Minor, Three Pieces for Piano, Three Satires Transfigured Night ( Verklärte, Nacht), twelve-tone music of, Variations for Orchestra, Variations on a Recitative in D Minor, Violin Concerto, “war psychosis” of,
Schoenberg, Gertrud (née Kolisch),
Schoenberg, Lawrence, Schoenberg, Mathilde (née Zemlinsky)
Schoenberg, Ronald
Schoenberg-Nono, Nuria
Schönberg, Samuel
Schopenhauer, Arthur, World as Will and Representation
Schorske, Carl
Schreker, Franz, Der ferne Klang, (The Distant Sound)
Schulhoff, Ervín
Schuller, Gunther
Schultz, Wolfgang-Andreas
Schuman, William
Scorsese, Martin
Scriabin, Alexander, Mysterium
Sculthorpe, Peter
Searle, Humphrey
Sebald, W. G.
Second Viennese School
Seeger, Charles, as folk-song collector, “Lenin! Who’s That Guy,” as teacher
Seeger, Pete
Seeger, Ruth Crawford: Chant, String Quartet 1931, Suite for Wind Quintet,
Seidl, Anton
Seidl, Arthur
Seldes, Gilbert
Sellars, Peter
Serebryakova, Galina
serialism, see total serialism, twelve-tone music Serkin, Rudolf
Serocki, Kazimierz
Serra, Richard
Sessions, Roger, Violin Concerto
Sex Pistols: “Anarchy in the U.K.,”
Shadow of a Doubt (Hitchcock)
Shakespeare, William, Hamlet, Macbeth, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Romeo and Juliet, The Tempest,
Shankar, Ravi
Shapero, Harold
Shapey, Ralph
Shaporin, Yuri
Shaporina, Lyubov
Shawn, Allen
Shcherbachev, Vladimir
Shebalin, Vissarion
Sheldon, Mary
Sheng, Bright
She
rwood, Gayle
Shklovsky, Victor
Shostakovich, Dmitri, Alone, The Bolt, as Britten’s friend, Cello Sonata, The Counterplan, early years of, endures Stalin’s terror, endures “Zhdanov Affair” of 1948, The Fall of Berlin, “formalist” works banned. The Golden Age, The Golden Mountains, joins Communist Party, Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, The Limpid Stream, Mahler’s influence on, meets Boulez, New Babylon, NKVD and The Nose, “official composer” or dissident?, Piano Trio, No. 2, Prokofiev and, quartets, Quartet No. 8, Six Romances on Texts of W. Raleigh, R. Burns, and W. Shakespeare, song cycles by, “The, Song of the Counterplan,”, Song of the Forests, The Sun Shines Over Our Motherland, Symphony No. 1, Symphony No. 2, Symphony No. 3, Symphony No. 4, Symphony, No. 5, Symphony No. 6, Symphony No. 7 (Leningrad, Symphony No. 8, Symphony No. 9, Symphony No. 10, Symphony No. 13, Symphony No. 14, Twenty-four, Preludes and Fugues, Viola Sonata, Violin Concerto No. 1, Waldorf-Astoria conference and, The Young Guard
Shostakovich, Maxim
Shostakovich, Nina (née Varzar)
Show Boat (Kern)
Shreffler, Anne
Shulman, Alan
Sibelius, Aino
Sibelius, Jean, at, Ainola, alcoholism of, celebrity and, criticism of, European reception of, Finlandia, as Finnish patriot and hero, Karelia Suite, Kullervo, and Mahler, and, Olin Downes, En Saga, The Swan of Tuonela, Symphony No. 1, Symphony No. 2, Symphony No. 3, Symphony No. 4, Symphony No. 5. Symphony No. 6, Symphony No. 7, Symphony No. 8 (destroyed), Tapiola, The Tempest, Valse Triste, Violin Concerto
Sigurbsson, Valgeir
Silk Road Project
Siloti, Alexander
Simeone, Nigel
Sinatra, Frank
Singer, Winnaretta, see Polignac, Princesse de Six, Les
Skalkottas, Nikos
Slater, Montagu
Slonimsky, Nicolas
Small, Christopher
Smith, Bessie
Smith, Willie “The Lion,”
socialist realism
Society for Private Musical Performances
Sokolsky, George
Sollberger, Harvey
Sollertinsky, Ivan
Solomon, Maynard
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr
Sondheim, Stephen
Sonic Youth
Sousa, John Philip
Southwest German Radio
Souvtchinsky, Pierre
Spectralism
Speer, Albert
Sprechstimme
Stalag VIII A, prisoner-of-war camp
Stalin, Joseph, cultural control by, death of, “dekulakization” program of, musical tastes of, persecution of artists by, response to Shostakovich’s, Lady Macbeth, and socialist realism, Terror imposed by,
Stanislavsky Opera Theater
Steegmuller, Francis
Stein, Erwin
Stein, Gertrude, Four Saints in Three Acts, The Mother of Us All
Stein, Leonard
Steinbeck, John
Steinberg, Maximilian
Steinecke, Wolfgang
Steiner, Max
Steinweis, Alan
Stevens, Sufjan
Still, William Grant. Afro-American Symphony, Levee Land
Stirner, Max
stochastic music
Stockhausen, Karlheinz, Aus den sieben Tagen, and, Beatles, and Cage, Carré, Electronic Studies, Gesang der Jünglinge, Gruppen, Hymnen, Klavierstücke, Konkrete Etude, Kontakte, Kreuzspiel, Licht cycle of operas, Momente, in World War II, Zeitmasse
Stokowski, Leopold
Stösslová, Kamila
Stowe, Harriet Beecher
Straus, Oscar
Strauss, Alice (née Grab)
Strauss, Christian
Strauss, Franz (father of composer)
Strauss, Franz (son of composer)
Strauss, Johann, II
Strauss, Josephine
Strauss, Pauline
Strauss, Richard, Die ägyptische Helena, An Alpine Symphony, in, America, Arabella, Ariadne auf Naxos, background of, Capriccio, creative resurgence of, Daphne, Don Juan, Don Quixote, Elektra, on Elgar, Fanfare for the Vienna Philharmonic, Feuersnot, Four Last, Songs, Die Frau ohne Schatten, Friedenstag, Guntram, Ein Heldenleben, in Hitler’s, Germany, Intermezzo, Die Liebe der Danae, Mahler and, Metamorphosen, Olympic Hymn, in postwar Germany, Der Rosenkavalier, and, Schoenberg, Die schweigsame Frau, Symphonia domestica, Thus Spake Zarathustra, Till Eulenspiegel’s Merry Pranks, see also Salome
Strauss, Richard (grandson)
Stravinsky, Fyodor
Stravinsky, Gury
Stravinsky, Igor Abraham and Isaac, Agon, Apollon musagète, background of, and Boulez, in California, Canticum sacrum,, Circus Polka, Concerto for, Piano and Winds, and Craft, Danses concertantes, and, Diaghilev, Ebony, Concerto, film scores, attempts at, The Firebird Fireworks, The Flood, folk music and, Four Norwegian Moods, Histoire du soldat, and Hitler’s Germany, jazz influence on, Jeu de cartes Mass, Mavra, Movements for piano and orchestra, neoclassicism and, The Nightingale, Les Noces, Octet, Ode Oedipus Rex, Orpheus, Petrushka, Piano Sonata, Poetics of Music, Pulcinella The Rake’s Progress, religious reawakening of, Requiem Canticles, rhythms used by, Scherzo à la russe, Scherzo fantastique, Septet, Serenade in A, A Sermon, A
Narrative, and a Prayer, and Shostakovich, and Sibelius, Sonata for piano Symphonies of Wind Instruments, Symphony in C, Symphony in Three Movements Symphony of Psalms Tango, Three Japanese Lyrics, Threni twelve-tone music of, visits Kennedys see also Rite of Spring
Stravinsky, Vera (née Sudeykina)
Stravinsky, Yekaterina
Strayhorn, Billy
Stresemann, Gustav
Strickland, Edward
Strindberg, August
Strobel, Heinrich
Strode, Rosamund
Stürmer, Der
Subotnick, Morton Silver Apples of the Moon
Summer Courses for New Music, see Darmstadt
Sun Ra
Swedish Ballet
Swingler, Randall
Symphony Hall, Boston
Symphony of Psalms (Stravinsky)
Szymanowski, Karol, Ephebos King Roger, The Love Songs of Hafiz, Third Symphony
Tailleferre, Germaine
Takemitsu, Tru, film scores of
Talking Heads
Tan Dun
Tanglewood Festival
Taruskin, Richard
Tatum, Art
Tavener, John
Tawaststjerna, Erik
Taxi Driver (Scorsese)
Taylor, Cecil
Taylor, Deems The King’s Henchman
Taylor, Philip
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilyich
Tear, Robert
Teitelbaum, Richard
Telharmonium
Temple, Shirley
Tenney, James: Analog #1
Teshigahara, Hiroshi
Tézenas, Suzanne
Thalberg, Irving
Theater am Schiffbauerdamm, Berlin
Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris
Theatre of Eternal Music
Theremin, Lev
Thomas Aquinas, Saint
Thomas, J. Parnell
Thomas, M. Carey
Thomas, Theodore
Thomson, Virgil, audience classifications of, on Boulez, as critic, Four Saints in Three Acts, Injunction Granted Lord Byron The Mother of Us All, in, Paris, The Plow That Broke the Plains, The River, Symphony on a, Hymn Tune
Threepenny Opera, The (Weill)
Three Places in New England, (Ives)
Thurber, James
Thurber, Jeannette
Thus Spake Zarathustra, (Strauss)
Tick, Judith
Tilson Thomas, Michael
Timbaland
Time
Tin Pan Alley
Tiomkin, Dimitri
Tippett, Michael, A Child of Our Time
Toch, Ernst
Tolstoy, Leo, War and Peace
Tomkins, Calvin
Tommasini, Anthony
Tosatti, Vieri
Toscanini, Arturo, anti-fascist position of, NBC Symphony and, as radio star
total serialism
Trakl, Georg
Trauberg, Leonid
Triple-A Plowed Under
tritone, defined
Trotsky, Leon
Tucker, Maureen
Tudor, David
Tukhachevsky, Mikhail
Tully, Alice
Turner, J. M. W.
twelve-tone music, in America, Berg and, Britten and, Copland and, in Nazi Germany, Schoenberg and, Stravinsky and, in Tom and Jerry cartoons,, U.S. Army and, Webern and, La Monte Young and, Zimmermann and
2001: A Space Odyssey (Kubrick)
Ullmann, Viktor
ultra-modernism
Ulysses, (Joyce)
Union of Soviet Composers
United States Army: cultural support in postwar, Germany, Information, Control (Music branches), see also Office of Military Government, (OMGUS)
Universal Edition
University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA),
University of Southern California (USC)
Ursuleac, Viorica
Ussachevsky, Vladimir
Ustvolskaya, Galina
U2
Valen, Fartein
Van Gogh, Vincent
Van Vechten, Carl: Nigger Heaven
Varèse, Edgard
Amériques Arcana
Varian, John
Vasconcelos, José
Vasnier, Marie-Blanche
Vaughan Williams, Ralph
Velvet Underground
Verdi, Giuseppe: Rigoletto
Verlaine, Paul, “En Sourdine,” Fêtes galantes
Vertigo (Hitchcock)
Vickers, Jon
Victor Talking Machine Company
Vidal, Gore
Vienna, anti-Semitism in, avant-garde in
Vienna Conservatory
Vienna Court Opera, later State Opera
Vienna Philharmonic
Viertel, Salka
Villa-Lobos, Heitor: Amazonas, Bachianas Brasileiras, Uirapuru
Vishnevskaya, Galina
Vodery, Will
Völkischer Beobachter
Von Glahn, Denise
Vuillermoz, Émile
Wagner, Cosima
Wagner, Eva
Wagner, Otto
Wagner, Richard, anti-Semitism and, at Bayreuth, The Flying Dutchman, Götterdämmerung, Hitler and, influence on aesthetics and politics of, Das Judentum in der Musik( Jewry in Music), on Liszt, Lohengrin, Die Meistersinger, Nietzsche on, Parsifal, Rienzi, The Ring of the, Nibelung, Tannhäuser, Tristan und Isolde, Die Walküre
Wagner, Siegfried, Glück, Der Schmied von Marienburg
Wagner, Wieland
Wagner, Winifred
Wagner, Wolfgang