The Second Amendment
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“shall issue” states, 151–52
Shays’ Rebellion, 18–19, 26, 95
Shelby County v. Holder, 134, 136, 173
Sheridan, Philip, 75
Shotgun News, 90
SHOT trade show, 142
Siegel, Reva, 117–18, 129–30
Slaughter-House Cases, 76
slaves, slavery, 134
in American Revolution, 16
population growth of, 8
uprisings of, 38
Smith, Adam, 7
Smith & Wesson, 151
Socialist Workers Party, 80
Social Security, 105
Society of the Cincinnati, 17, 194
Soldier of Fortune, 95
Sotomayor, Sonia, 152
Souter, David, 121
South Carolina, 37
Black Codes suspended in, 72–73
Southern Baptists, 91
Southern U.S.:
gun culture in, 89
military districts in, 75–76
turn to Republican party in, 91
speech, free, xiii, 31, 34, 53
Stamp Act (British; 1765), 10
standing armies, 7–8, 67, 78
“Stand Up for the Second Amendment,” 98
Stand Your Ground law, 152
stare decisis, 115
Starr, Kenneth, 150
state courts, 152
Stevens, John Paul, 121, 124, 127–28, 133, 144
Stone, Harlan Fiske, 105
“stop and frisk” tactics, 164
Story, Joseph, 124, 210
Strauss, David, 115
substantive due process, 104
suicide, 80, 126, 172, 239
Sullivan, William “Big Tim,” 79–80, 147
Sullivan Act (New York; 1911), 147
Sunstein, Cass, 129–30
Supreme Court, U.S.:
activism of, 105–6
Bill of Rights cases scrutinized by, 105, 106
early ruling on “right to bear arms” by, 68
economic regulation allowed by, 15
and election of 1876, 76
FDR’s court packing plan for, 105
individual right to bear arms denied by, 68, 76–77, 80, 82–83, 97–98, 99
judicial review by, 103–4
originalism in, xv–xvi
as political, 172–73
rightward shift of, 103, 105, 108–9, 133–35
Second Amendment reinterpreted by, 120–25
substantive due process concocted by, 104
“Switch in Time That Saved Nine,” 105, 134
Tammany Hall, 79
Taney, Roger, 69–70, 174
taxes, 18, 21, 31, 40, 49, 92, 94, 165
on weapons, 81
on whiskey, 66
tax revolt, 91
Tennessee, 68, 118
Tenth Amendment, 62
Texas, 75, 157
textualism, 116, 136, 230
see also originalism
That Every Man Be Armed (Halbrook), 101
“three strikes,” 84
thumbprint recognition, 165
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 172
Toobin, Jeffrey, 127, 134
Toomey, Pat, 156
Tories, 16, 32
tradition, 108
trial, right to, 34, 35, 36, 43, 53
Tribe, Laurence, 99, 158, 221
trigger locks, 151
Tucson, Ariz., massacre in, 142
Tydings, Joseph, 89
Uniform Militia Act (1792), 65, 208–9
unions, 92
political elections and, 133
United Nations, 94
United States v. Cruikshank, 76–77, 97, 106, 143, 232
United States v. Decastro, 234
United States v. Miller, 82–83
United States v. Reese, 234
United States v. Skoen, 234
United States v. Williams, 234
urban violence, 78–79, 83, 89, 91, 92, 166, 172
Vermont, 42, 229
Vietnam War, 167
Vining, John, 50
Virginia, 52, 160, 191, 211
constitution of, 39–40, 43
Constitution ratified by, 37–39
Declaration of Rights passed by, 11, 197
militias in, 11–12
religious freedom in, 19
Virginia Plan, 20, 21, 51
Volokh, Eugene, 145, 229
volunteer army, 167
Voting Rights Act (1965), 134, 135
waiting periods, 156
War of 1812, 67
Warren, Earl, 105–6, 107
Warren, Joseph, 3
Warren, Mercy, 17
Washington, D.C., 89, 126, 130
see also Heller case
Washington, George, 13–15, 16, 20, 40, 45, 48, 101, 174, 209, 222
amendments desired by, 50
army mutiny suppressed by, 17, 41, 194–95
“bear arms” in writing of, 63
Bill of Rights approved by, 56
at Constitutional Convention, 19, 20–21, 24, 29
Constitution defended by, 30
Continental Militia plan of, 18
executive privilege invented by, 65, 208
as militia leader, 13
“return” ignored by, 66
in Second Continental Congress, 13
skeptical of militias, 13–14
Washington Post, 93, 158, 227
Watts, Calif., 89
Wealth of Nations, The (Smith), 7
“well regulated,” meaning of, 61–64, 65, 85
Well-Regulated Militia, A (Cornell), 98
Wesley, Richard, 147
West Coast Hotel v. Parrish, 105
West Virginia, 80, 118
Whig militias, 10
Whigs, 16
whiskey tax, 66
White League, 76
Wichita, Kans., 78
Wilkinson, J. Harvie, III, 130–31
William III, King of England, 59
Williams, David, 26
Wills, Garry, 100–102, 199, 204
Wilson, Henry, 74
Wilson, James, 26, 196
Wilson, Woodrow, 104
Winkler, Adam, 128, 214
Wood, Gordon S., 7
World War I, 78, 81, 167
World War II, 87, 88
Yale University, 70
Yassky, David, 60, 62–63
Yorktown, Battle of, 15
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Waldman, Michael, 1960–
The Second Amendment : a biography / Michael Waldman.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. United States. Constitution. 2nd Amendment—History. 2. Firearms—Law and legislation—United States—History. 3. Constitutional history—United States. I. Title.
KF3941.W35 2014
344.7305'33—dc23
2013051339
ISBN 978-1-4767-4744-6
ISBN 978-1-4767-4746-0 (ebook)
n, The Second Amendment