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INDEX
Abernathy, James, 297
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA), 150
Alcorn, James, 35
Alger, Horatio, 43
Allen, Ivan, Jr., 294–295
All God’s Chillun Got Wings (play), 130–131
Aluminum Ore Company, 84
Alvarez, Santiago, 314, 315
American Federation of Labor (AFL), 158
American Missionary Association
(AMA), 4–5, 17–19, 20–23, 218
American-Soviet Friendship Council, 233
Amos Drug Store, 97
Amsterdam News, 153
Anderson, Marian, 167, 169
Anthology of Negro Poetry (Johnson), 156
Apollo (theatre), 171
Appeal to the World, An (Du Bois), 228
Arlen, Harold, 154, 286
Armstrong, Samuel, 48
Arnold, William, Sr., 215–216
Arthur, Chester A., 49–50
ASCAP, 120
Askew, T. E., 93
Associated Press, 116
Atlanta (Georgia)
African American officers’ training (early twentieth century), 113–114
Board of Education (1880s), 54
“Circles of Ten” (First Congregational Church) and, 95–96
civil rights movement in, 266–267, 294–297 (See also civil rights movement; voting rights)
Civil War burning of, 13–15
education in, during early Reconstruction-era Atlanta, 17–21
Franks and anti-Semitism in, 105–108
Graves family and, 89–90, 94–95, 101, 102–105, 114–116, 137–139 (See also individual family members’ names)
Jim Crow laws in (early twentieth century), 92–95
middle-class African Americans in (early twentieth century), 89–92
NAACP in (early twentieth century), 111–113
public education in (early twentieth century), 108–111, 113
race riot (September 24, 1906) in, 96–102
Reconstruction-era middle-class African Americans in, 9–10
Turner’s lynching (in Valdosta, Georgia), 116
Young and, 300–301, 310
“Atlanta Compromise” speech (Washington), 59
Atlanta Constitution
on Frank case, 106
on Moses Calhoun, 2
obituary of Nash, Sr., 319, 321
race riot (September 24, 1906) and, 96–102
Reconstruction-era stories in, 28, 51–52, 54–55
SNCC advertisement in, 292
Atlanta Daily World, 317–318
Atlanta Defiance, 57
Atlanta Housing Authority, 297
Atlanta Independent, 101, 102–103, 157
Atlanta Journal, 96–102
Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 308–309
Atlanta Life Insurance Company, 97
Atlanta Negro Voters League, 260
Atlanta News, 96–102
Atlanta University
in 1950s, 268
Asa Ware and, 4, 20–23, 35, 38, 48, 51–52
Cora Calhoun Horne’s graduation from, 51–52
Du Bois and, 91, 100
Du Bois Institute of, 317
Edward Twichell Ware as president of, 103, 104
financial support of, 103–104
founding of, 4, 20, 21, 22
high school education offered by, 109
Horne’s visit to, 310
sports at, 94
state regulation of, 27–29, 37–39, 47–48
Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, The (Johnson), 113
Bacharach, Burt, 250
Badger, Ras, 54–55
Bailey, Frederick Augustus. See Douglass, Frederick
Baker, Ella, 266–267, 291
Baker, Josephine, 120, 131, 236
Baker, Ray Stannard, 90–91, 97, 100–101
Baldwin, James, 281
Ballou, Charles C., 114
Baptist Koinonia community, 266
Barnet, Charlie, 171–172
Barron, Jimmy, 230–231
Barry, Marion, 292
Basie, William James “Count,” 184
Bates, Daisy, 192
“Battle of Jericho, The” (song), 184–185
Beecher, Reverend Henry Ward, 20
Belafonte, Harry, 247, 281, 306
Bell, Alexander Graham, 42, 50
Belle Isle Bridge (Michigan), 1943 riot at, 213
Bentley, Ellene Terrell, 261
Berch, Barbara, 178–179
Berkowitz, Bernard, 304
Berman, Paul, 220–221
Bethune, Mary McLeod, 159–160, 166–167, 222
Bibb, Joseph D., 164
Big Brothers and Big Sisters Federation, 82, 124, 129
“Big Three Unity for Colonial Freedom,” 222
Bilbo, Theodore G., 150, 167, 254–255
Birmingham (Alabama)
Moses Calhoun’s family in, 54–57, 58
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing (1963) in, 283–284
Birth of a Nation (film), 77–78
Blackbirds (play), 121–122
Blackbirds of 1939 (play), 165
“Black Codes,” 9–10
Black Fire (Peery), 188
Black Manhattan (Johnson), 73–74
“Black Peril” edict, 72–75
Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880 (Du Bois), 8
Black Women in America (Hine), 185
Blaine, James G., 42
Blair, Betsy, 194–197
Blake, Eubie, 117–120, 121
Blake, John Sumner, 118
Blane, Ralph, 190
Bluebird Records, 172
“Blue Moon” (song), 159
Blumstein’s (Harlem department store), 156
Bogart, Humphrey, 194
Bond, Julian, 267–268, 300
Bontemps, Arna, 235
Boogie-Woogie Dream (film), 190
Boy Scouts, 163
Boys Welcome Hall, 126
Brady, Mathew, 14
Brewer, Roy, 240–243
Brewster, Willie, 299
Broadway Rhythm (film), 190
Broun, Heywood, 120
Brown, Antoinette, 204, 205, 206
Brown, Joseph E., 27–28
Brown, Kathryn, 204–209, 210
Brown, Nellie Graves
career of, 205–206, 266
childhood of, 54, 89, 102–103, 204, 210
children of, 203
education of, 103, 266
marriage of, 105
photo of, 104–105
Brown, Noel, 105, 203
Brown, Sterling, 176, 219, 285
Brown v. Board of Education, 244, 263
Bruce, Blanche Kelso, 35, 43, 44, 59
Bruce, Josephine Wilson, 45
Bruce, Roscoe Conkling, 45
Buckley, Gail Lumet
biographical information, 7
birth of, 164
childhood of, 172, 178, 181–182, 194, 227, 238–239, 312–313
divorce of, 304–305
early career of, 250–251
education of, 193, 233, 237–238, 244–245
Kennedy campaign (1958) and, 6
at Life, 277–280
marriage to Buckley, 305
marriage to Lumet, 288–289
National Scholarship Service and Fund for Negro Students (NSSFNS) and, 269–275, 277
religious views of, 275
Buckley, Kevin, 305
Bunn, Frankye, 146, 148, 156–157, 167
Burke, Monsignor John, 68
Burns, Tommy, 70
Burton, Richard, 248, 277, 310
Byrd, Harry, 210, 265
Cabin in the Sky (film), 184, 226, 236
Café Society, 172–174
cakewalk (dance), 121
Calhoun, Andrew Bonaparte (slaveowner), 2
Calhoun, Andrew Bonaparte “A. B.,” 10, 13, 14, 21, 26
Calhoun, Atlanta Mary (Fernando), 1, 16, 24, 39–40, 55, 56, 58
Calhoun, Catherine Sinai “Siny” (Moses Calhoun’s sister), 2, 10–11, 13, 21, 23–24, 26
Calhoun, Cora. See Horne, Cora Calhoun
Calhoun, Felix, 12
Calhoun, Henry, 11–12
Calhoun, John C., 2, 10
Calhoun, Lena. See Smith, Lena Calhoun
Calhoun, Moses
career and wealth of, 21, 25, 29, 34, 39–40, 58
death of, 58, 63
emancipation of, 16
marriage and children of, 1–2, 23–24
move to Birmingham by, 54–57
as slave, 10–13
Calhoun, Nellie, 2, 10–13, 21, 23–24
Calhoun, Sinai (Moses Calhoun’s grandmother), 11–12
Calhoun Connection, The (Nash), 320
Callender, Charles, 39
Calloway, Cab, 155
“Call to Makers of Black Verse, A” (Horne), 132–133
Candler, Asa G., 110
Cannon, Poppy, 264
Carnegie Hall, 74, 76, 287–288
Carter, Jimmy, 301
Cason, Casey, 272–274, 300–301
Castle, Irene, 75
Castle, Vernon, 75
Catlin, Charlotte, 165
Cats ‘n’ Jammers (WOR), 173
Cauldwell, Bill, 272
CBS, 241
Central High School (Cleveland), 118
Chace, James, 75, 76–77
Chaires, Pinkie, 115, 140, 206
Chamber Music Society of Lower Basin Street, The (NBC), 173
Chambliss, Robert, 284
Chaney, James, 298
Chaplin, Judy, 231
Chaplin, Saul, 231
Chase, Edna Woolman, 77
Chattanooga Justice, 57
Chautaqua Literary and Scientific Circle (CLSC), 138–139
Chesnut, Mary Boykin, 14
Chez Paree, 191, 221
Chicago, riot (July 12, 1951) in, 262–263
Chicago Defender, 82, 130
Chinlund, Reverend Stephen, 289
Chisholm, Charles Sumner “Chiz,” 207, 209–210, 214, 317
Chisholm, Cheryl, 209, 268, 292–293, 317, 318
Chisholm, Harriet Nash, 204, 207, 209–210, 292, 309–310
Chocolate Dandies (play), 121
Church of St. Benedict the Moor, 68
“Circles of Ten” (First Congregational Church) and, 95–96
Citizen Tom Paine (Fast), 225
Civil Rights Act of 1875, 31–32, 51
civil rights movement, 291–301. See also voting rights; individual names of civil rights leaders
in Atlanta, 294–297
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 271
Civil Rights Bill of 1964, 295
Civil Rights Commission, 258
Civil Rights Message (Truman), 228
Delta Sigma Thetas and, 276–277, 280–281
Evers and, 282–283
“He Won’t Stay Put” (Horne) on, 285
Kennedy administration on, 281–282
March on Washington and, 283
National Committee against Discrimination in Housing and, 284–285
National Scholarship Service and
Fund for Negro Students (NSSFNS), 269–275, 277
“Now” (Comden, Green) on, 286–288, 289–290
overview, 291
Presidential Committee on Civil Rights, 256
race riots and Selma-to-Montgomery march (1964-1965), 298–300 (See also race riots)
Republican Party and Communist
Party platforms on (1936), 161–162
Silent Protest march (July 28, 1917), 84
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church (Birmingham, Alabama) bombing (1963) and, 283–284, 286
SNCC and, 269–275, 282, 287–288, 291–293, 298–299
Vietnam War protests and, 279
Voting Rights Act of 1965, 300
Civil Service Loyalty Review Board, 234
Civil War. See also Reconstruction
African American regiments in, 15–16, 19, 46
“Black Codes,” 9–10
burning of Atlanta during, 13–15
Fort Pillow massacre, 26–27
Clansman, The (Dixon), 75
Clark, Kenneth, 281
Clef Club Orchestra, 73–75, 74
Cleveland, Grover, 66
Cohan, George M., 72
Cole, Jack, 198
Collins, Addie Mae, 284
Collins, Scipio, 227
Colored Co-operative Civic League, 102
Colored Orphan Asylum, 65, 83
Colored Press Association, 66
Colored World (Indianapolis), 45
Comden, Betty, 127, 286–287
Communism. See also Communist Party USA (CPUSA)
African Americans’ interest in (1930s), 156
civil right platform of (1936), 162
Hollywood Ten, 219
Horne’s political views and, 219–229, 240–243, 245–246
HUAC and, 221, 225–226, 228–229, 233–236, 240–244, 257, 287