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The Hitler–Hess Deception

Page 37

by Martin Allen


  MI6 59, 255

  MI14: ‘German Relations with the USSR’ 160–1; ‘World Assessment’ 171

  Middle East 140, 146, 153, 155, 159–60, 169, 172, 200–1, 263

  Moabit Prison (Berlin) xxi, 281

  Molotov, Vyacheslav 180, 293

  Moore, Nancy 241

  Moravetz, Frantisek 116, 117

  Morz (agent) 59, 63

  Mussolini, Benito 18, 7n, 140, 153, 270, 293

  Mytchett Place, nr Aldershot 259

  Nazism (National Socialism) 1–3

  Neuchâtel, Switzerland: École Supérieur de Commerce 5

  Neurath, Constantin von 27 and n, 35, 38, 40, 286

  Nicholas II, Tsar 4

  Nicolson, Harold 169, 170

  NKVD (Soviet security force) 116

  Norman, Montagu 206

  North Africa 146, 154, 166–8, 178, 269

  Northumberland, Duke of 115n

  Nuremberg Laws 38

  Nuremberg Trials xxvi, 112, 113, 286–7, 288–9

  O’Malley, Sir Owen 30, 95

  O’Neill, Con 112–13, 210, 231, 266, 268, 287

  Operation Adlerangriffe (Eagle-raids) 83

  Operation Barbarossa 22, 137, 161, 164, 193, 201, 204–6, 261–2, 271, 273–4, 277–8

  Operation Foxley 110

  Oster, General 280

  Papagos, General Alexandros 154

  Papen, Herr von 56

  Payne-Best, Captain Sigismund 59, 61–3; see Venlo Incident

  Penck, Dr 28

  Percy, Lord Eustace 220

  Pétain, Marshal Philippe 170, 246

  Peterson, Sir Maurice 71

  Philby, Kim 286

  Phillimore, Colonel 288

  Phipps, Sir Eric 35

  Phipps, Lady 35

  PID see Political Intelligence Department

  Platser, Joseph 215

  Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax, Admiral Hon. Sir Reginald 180

  Poland 33, 39, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48–9, 50, 51, 52, 53–4, 171, 246–7, 259

  Political Intelligence Department (PID) 102, 103, 243–4, 245, 248

  Political Warfare Executive (PWE) 151–2, 284

  Popitz, Johannes 280

  Portugal 72, 73, 97, 176, 183

  Pound, Sir Dudley 139

  Princip, Gavrilo 6

  Prytz, Bjorn 196

  PWE see Political Warfare Executive

  Raeder, Admiral Erich 40

  Rashid Ali 200

  Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) 59

  Reilly, Sidney (Georgi Rosenblum) 102, 266

  Ribbentrop, Joachim von 1; as head of Dienststelle Ribbentrop 27 and n; and Karl Haushofer xxvi, 11, 12, 90; negotiates Russo-German non-aggression pact 180; advises Hitler 46; and wooing of the Windsors 74–5; assessed by Albrecht Haushofer 94, 276, 279; not told of Hess’s plan 132, 135; Hohenlohe as private emissary 142, 156, 157; summoned by Hitler 248, 249; sentenced to death 286

  Roberts, Frank 130–1, 177, 178, 204, 239

  Roberts, Herbert 14

  Roberts, Patrick 14, 29–30, 109

  Roberts, Violet 14, 31, 217; letter to Karl Haushofer 96–7, 109, 114, 121

  Roberts, Walter 82, 109, 217

  Robertson, Major ‘Tar’ 219, 220

  Rommel, General Erwin 167, 280

  Roosevelt, President Franklin D. 54–5, 63, 94, 169, 207, 248, 271

  Ropp, Baron ‘Bill’ de 66–7, 70, 182, 207, 230, 239

  Rosenberg, Alfred: trip to Britain (1930s) 206–7; heads Aussenpolitsches Amt 27; and de Ropp 66–7, 182, 230; meeting with Hess (1941) 206, 207, 213–14; and Hitler 214; tried at Nuremberg 112, 286, 288; death sentence 286

  Rosenblum, Georgi see Reilly, Sidney

  Rothacker, Emma 136, 236, 248, 251

  RSHA see Reichssicherheitshauptamt

  Russia see Soviet Union

  SA see Sturmabteilung

  Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Treaty of (1919) 34

  Salazar, Antonio 183

  Santo y Silva (Portuguese emissary) 75

  Sargent, Orme 204

  Schacht, Hjalmar 52–3

  Schellenberg, SS Colonel Walter 59–61, 62, 74–5

  Schirach, Baldur von 286

  Schmidt, Paul 270

  Schnuhr, Irmegard 275, 277, 278, 279

  Schnurre, Karl 129

  Schutzstaffel (SS) xxi, xxii, 2, 63–4, 248, 264

  SD see Sicherheitsdienst

  Secret Intelligence Service, British (SIS) 59, 97–8, 99, 100, 101, 102, 254

  Selection Trust Group 98

  Seton-Watson, Professor 209

  Seymour, Sir John 35

  Sicherheitsdienst (SD) 59, 61–3, 98

  Simon, Sir John 31, 34, 35

  Sinclair, Sir Archibald 207, 219, 231, 252, 253, 256

  SIS see Secret Intelligence Service

  SO1 see Special Operations 1

  SO2 see Special Operations 2

  SOE see Special Operations Executive

  Sorof, Günther 194, 198

  Soviet Union: Bolshevik Revolution 3, 4; and British delegation 180; attack on Poland 48; gives aid to Germany 128–9; advances into Baltic states 85–6; relations with Germany 137–8, 140–1, 160–1; and German invasion plans 22, 137, 146, 161, 164, 171–3, 178, 193, 200, 201, 204–6, 221, 261–2, 269–70, 272–3; German invasion 273–5, 184–5

  Spain 74, 158; see also Franco, General

  Spartakusbund 7, 8

  Special Operations 1 (SO1) 81, 97, 100, 101–2, 103, 104–7; and origins of Messrs HHHH operation 104, 107–11; operation makes headway 121–2, 126–7, 129, 136, 141, 142, 143, 146, 161, 172, 173, 217; Dalton’s opposition to operation 149–51; and Hohenlohe’s peace initiative 158, 159; and Hoare’s reports 162–6, 177–9; involvement of Duke of Kent see Kent, Duke of; Woburn meeting (10 May 1941) 111, 112–13, 209–12, 231; operation wrecked by Hess’s arrival 242; conflict with MI5 and MI6 255; renamed 151–2, 284; and secrecy about operation 284–5

  Special Operations 2 (SO2) 99–100, 102, 123, 272

  Special Operations Executive (SOE) 81–2, 99, 100–1, 107, 109–10, 112; see Special Operations 1; Special Operations 2

  Speer, Albert 286

  Srom, Leopold 226–7

  SS see Schutzstaffel

  Stahmers, Heinrich 179

  Stalin, Joseph 85–6, 116, 172, 206, 262, 271, 273, 277, 285

  Stammers, Group Captain 218

  Stauffenberg, Lt Colonel Claus von: and Hitler assassination plot 280, 281, 282

  Stevens, Major Richard 59, 60–3; see Venlo Incident

  Stohrer, Eberhard von 74, 117–18, 260

  Strang, William 108, 130, 177, 179–80; and involvement of Duke of Kent in operation 179, 180–1, 184, 186–7, 188–9, 239

  Streicher, Julius 1, 24

  Stuelpnagel, General 280

  Sturmabteilung (SA; Storm Troopers) 19 and n

  Sudetenland Germans 15, 34, 37, 38, 39, 43, 68

  Suñer, Ramón Serrano 118, 272

  Swinton, Lord 101

  Symington, Judith 76

  Templewood, Lord see Hoare, Sir Samuel

  Thule Gesellschaft (Thule Society) 7–8, 9

  Times, The 20

  Tobruk 167–8

  Torr, Brigadier 156, 158, 166

  Trautmannsdorf, Graf 38

  Tree, Ronald 207

  Trepca mine, Serbia 98, 99

  Truman, Harry S. 282

  Ukraine 22, 38, 137, 158, 171, 172, 206, 262, 270

  Ulap Exhibition Centre (Berlin) xxii, 282

  ULTRA decrypts 171, 271

  United States 46, 52–3, 128, 138, 147, 162; see also Roosevelt, President Franklin D.

  Vansittart, Sir Robert: letter to Lord Halifax 79–80; relations with Leeper and SO1 103, 107–8; proposed as Ambassador to US 139; and Dalton 151, 212; at SO1 meeting (May 1941) 209, 231; and fate of German agents 268

  VDA see Volksbund für das Deutschtum im Ausland

  Venlo Incident 61–4, 76–7, 97, 117, 184

  Versailles, Treaty of 2, 9, 15, 18, 3
3n, 34, 36, 103

  Vichy France 170, 246

  Victor Emmanuel III, King 18

  Vigon, General Juan 70, 130, 131, 229

  Voigt, S. 231, 239, 242

  Völkischer Beobachter 51

  Volksbund für das Deutschtum im Ausland (VDA; Committee for Germanism Abroad) 21, 27, 33, 37

  Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (VOMI; German Racial Assistance Office) 21

  Vyse, Major-General Howard 68

  Walsh, Edmund xxiv

  Wavell, General Sir Archibald 167–8; Churchill’s telegrams to 167, 168, 169

  Weissauer, Dr Ludwig: peace negotiations 45, 77–9, 80, 84, 85, 87, 88, 107, 201

  Wilhelm II, Kaiser 4

  Williams, Valentine 209, 255

  Williams, W.S. 130

  Windsor, Duchess of (formerly Mrs Wallis Simpson) 67, 70–1, 75

  Windsor, Duke of (formerly King Edward VIII): and the Duke of Kent 182; and Bedaux 65–6; pre-war attitude to Germany 68–9; wartime mission 67–8; and Hitler’s peaceable attempt 65, 66; flees to Spain 70–1; and Hoare 73; decamps to Lisbon 73; wooed by Nazis 73–6, 118; appointed Governor of Bahamas 75, 76, 181, 183

  Winterbotham, Group Captain Freddy 66, 86, 108, 182, 207

  Witzleben, Field Marshal Erwin von 280

  Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire 100, 102, 106, 269; SO1 meeting (May 1941) 111, 112–13, 209–12, 231

  Woermann, Ernst 159

  Wolff, General Karl 248, 281

  World War I 3, 4, 6–7, 14; SIS 97–8

  Yencken, Arthur 271–2

  Zapot Agreement 33–4

  Zech-Burkesroda, Count Julius 69

  Zinoviev, Grigori 100

  Zuppo, Count 73

  Acknowledgements

  I would like to thank all those people who have helped with the research and logistical requirements behind the writing of this book. Some took the time and trouble to write to me, whilst others granted an interview; some assisted in translations, additional research, or by voluntarily providing information that it had not occurred to me to ask for.

  I would firstly like to pay a tribute to Herr Gerd Ahlschwede, formerly of the 1st Panzer Division; Mr Steve Alexander; Mrs Felicity Ashtree; Mr Stuart L. Butler; Mr Roy Conyers-Nesbit; Senor Carlos Alberto Damas; Mrs Regina Davis; Dr Alfred Grupp of the Auswärtiges Amt; Mrs Cate Haste; Mr Oliver Hoare; Mr Masahiro Kawai of the IDS, Tokyo; Mr John M. Kelso of the FBI; Frau Christine Kislar and Herr Guido Knopp of ZDF; Mrs Brenda Levinson; Mr Lawrence H. McDonald; Mr Colin R. Macmillan; Mr A. Nikonov of the Russian State Archive; Ms Dunja Noack; Major T.W.F. Odell (retd); Franz-Dieter Paulsen; Mrs Penny Prior of the Foreign Office; Professor Robert K. Shaw; Mrs Amy Schmidt of the National Archives, Washington DC; Mr T. Sekiguchi; Frau A. Stocker of the Bundesarchiv; Mrs Hilary Sweet-Escott; Mrs Lucy Takezoe of the National DIET Library, Tokyo; Mrs Errol Trzebinski; Mr Steven Walton of the Imperial War Museum; Mr William J. Walsh; Mr Hitomi Watanabe, Second Secretary (Political Division) of the Japanese Embassy; Mrs Linda Wheeler; Herr Viktor Wolf of the Internal Division of the German Foreign Ministry; and Frau Zandeck of the Bundesarchiv.

  I would also like to thank those persons, connected either by family relationship to or exceptional knowledge of the main personalities or events of 1940–41, who extended me their assistance: Rudolf Hess’s son Wolf Rüdiger Hess; Adolf Hitler’s secretary Frau Gertaud Junge; Joachim von Ribbentrop’s Private Secretary Herr Reinhardt Spitzy; the Duke of Hamilton’s son Lord James Douglas-Hamilton; Albrecht Haushofer’s nieces, Frau Andrea Haushofer-Schröder and Frau Renata Haushofer; Albrecht Haushofer’s assistant Herr Heinz Albers-Schonberg; Herr Hans Noebel, family friend of Albrecht Haushofer; and Sir Samuel Hoare’s daughter, Mrs Verily Paget.

  I am particularly indebted to the following institutions and government bodies for replying to my letters, or who otherwise gave me their time and assistance to aid my research: De Arquivo Historico, Lisbon; the Auswärtiges Amt (the Federal Foreign Office of Germany); the Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv, Freiburg; Companies House, Cardiff; the Daily Record, Glasgow; the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Foreign and Commonwealth Office; the Hoover Institution; the Imperial War Museum; the Japanese Embassy in London; the Japanese Foreign Ministry; the KGB Archives, Moscow; the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States of America; the National DIET Library of Tokyo; the National Institute for Defence Studies, Tokyo; the Public Records Office, London; the Royal British Legion; the University of Kiel; the US Department of Justice; and the Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen.

  I would also like to pay tribute to those friends, colleagues and translators who assisted in the logistics of creating this book: Dr Olaf Rose, for his assistance as personal translator during my lecture tours and conferences in Germany, as well as his generous and unstinting assistance during my research and conducting of interviews; Dr Gerd Sudholt, of Verlag Gesellschafts Berg, who has been of great assistance in my search for testimony from eyewitnesses of Germany’s past; Dr Michael Stenton for his considered and expert advise on SOE, SO1, the Political Warfare Executive, and Britain’s political warfare and propaganda conducted during the early years of the Second World War; Mr D.R. Brown for his knowledge about aircraft of the First and Second World War; Mr F.P. Creagh for his chauffeur and security services; M. Pierre Vial, Mr Nick Burzynski, Herr Alfred Gottlieb and Mrs Sabine Wickes for their hard work in translating the extremely large number of documents necessary to unravel the mystery behind the events of 1940–41; Mr David Prysor-Jones and Mr James Crowden for the many, many hours of late-night discussion as we pondered the subtleties of the British and German governments’ political dilemmas and diplomatic priorities of the late 1930s and early 1940s.

  Finally, I would like to pay a very special tribute to my wife, Jean. As my business manager and partner in research, she had a very major influence on the writing of this book, and I am indebted to her for her unstinting support through many worrying and difficult times that lay between the start and finish of this project.

  Copyright

  William the 4th

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  This edition published by Harper Perennial 2004

  First published in Great Britain by HarperCollinsPublishers 2003

  Copyright © Martin Allen 2003

  Martin Allen asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work

  Source ISBN: 9780007141197

  Ebook Edition © MARCH 2014 ISBN: 9780007438211

  Version: 2014-03-28

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