Living on One Acre or Less
Page 21
box schemes 15
brassicas 60, 61, 62, 63, 71, 72, 82, 86, 166
see also specific types
broad beans 71, 85, 86, 89
broccoli 126
brooders 148-9
buckler-leaf sorrel (French sorrel) 76, 126
bug houses 85
bumblefoot 155
butchery 173
cabbage white butterfly 82, 85
cabbages 61, 84, 85
calcium 35
calendula 82, 84, 87
Campanula 92
carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) 50-1, 53
cardoon 76, 126
carp 194, 195, 199
carp ponds 21, 199
carrot root fly 82-3
carrots 14, 61, 63, 71, 72, 73, 82, 90
catch crops 71
celeriac 27
chard 61
cherries 101
cherry plum 114, 115
chickens
bantams 142
brooders 148-9
broody hens 142, 142
checking on 21
chicks 148-50
ex-bats 136-7, 136, 137
feather pecking 210
feeding 138, 138, 149
fencing in 24-5, 140-1
and ground clearing 62, 88, 109, 142
health 142-3, 149, 210
housing 139-40, 139, 149
hybrid birds 134-5, 134, 135, 142
introducing new hens 137
laying hens 134-43
meat birds 145-50, 146, 147, 148
moulting 135, 136, 137
nest boxes 140
parasites 142-3, 149
perches 140, 149
poultry pens 140-3, 140, 141
scavenging system 143
slaughter 150, 212
traditional breeds 135, 136
chicory 59, 76, 178
Chilean ulluco 82
chillies 15, 15, 27
Chinese artichoke 80
chives 84, 93, 129
chokeberry 115
cider apples 98
clary sage 91
clay soils 34-5, 34, 36, 39, 58
cleavers 159, 159
cloches 89-90, 89
clovers 59, 59, 60, 178, 179
crimson clover 59, 60, 63, 126
white clover 62, 63, 75, 126, 179
club root 61
cobnuts 123, 124
coccidiosis 149, 158
cold frames 21, 88-9, 88
construction 89
dug-out cold frames 89
functions 88, 89
lids 88
orientation 89
temporary cold frames 88-9
comfrey 57, 57, 83, 126, 129
in animal feed 58
comfrey tea and liquid feed 57-8
commercial enterprises 15, 156, 212, 213
companion planting 82-6
benefits of 82
in polytunnels 87
push–pull strategy 82
unhelpful pairings 83
compost 46, 47-55
activators 55, 58
bacteria-rich compost 52
carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) 50-1, 53
colour 51
composting process 48, 51-2
fungal-rich compost 52
making 51-2, 55
materials 53
as mulch 47, 52
and the no-dig system 41, 43
smelly 48, 50
temperatures 48, 52
vermicompost 55, 56, 57
compost bins and heaps 21, 51-2, 52
siting 19
compost teas 52, 55
container-grown trees 101, 102-3
coppicing 120-2
cordons
fruit trees 19, 96, 104-6, 105
soft fruit 112, 113
cornelian cherry 115
cornflowers 91, 93, 93
cosmos 91, 92
Cotswold brash 35
County Parish Holding (CPH)
number 211
courgettes 43, 61, 82, 90, 93
cowslips 93
crab apple 114, 115
crop rotation 46, 60-3
4-year rotations 61-2
5-year rotations 63
8-year rotations 62
flower patch contribution to 92
green manures and 62-3
livestock contribution to 15, 62
main crop groups 60
in polytunnels 86-7
and weed suppression 61
crop yields 7, 14, 55
cucumbers 27, 61, 85, 159
cucurbits 61
currants 113, 126, 129
see also blackcurrants; redcurrants; whitecurrants
cut flowers 90-3
edible flowers 93
flower farming 90
foliage 92
fruits, berries, nuts and seedheads 92
perennial flowers 92
cuttings, soft-fruit 112-13
dahlias 92
decomposers 34, 36, 47, 48
deer 31
Delphinium 92
diatomaceous earth 157, 158
digging 38, 39-40
disadvantages of 39-40
double-digging 40
see also no-dig method
dill 84
ditches 16
docks 38, 40, 72, 73
dog rose 114, 115
dogwood 92
double-digging 40
duck–fish farming 199
ducks 109, 134, 150-4, 179
breeds 150
eggs 143-4
feeding 152, 154
housing 150
pens 152
slaughter 152
table birds 150, 152
water, access to 152
earthworms 36, 37-8, 37, 41, 43, 157
Ebbinge’s silverberry 115
Echinacea 92
ectoparasites 157-8
eelworms 84
eggs
chickens 134-43
ducks 143-4
geese 144
quail 143, 144, 145
rheas 144
selling 212
turkey 143, 144
elder 114, 115
Elaeagnus spp. 115, 125, 126
electric fencing 22-5, 23, 168-9
energizers 25, 25
fence checkers 24
flexi-nets 22, 24-5, 24
grounding 25
voltages 25
Eryngium 92
espaliers and fans 19, 96, 106, 107
Euphorbia oblongata 91, 92
fencing 19, 21-5, 30
deer-proof fencing 31, 31
electric fencing 22-5, 23
flexi-nets 22, 24-5, 24, 141
posts, positioning 22
rabbit netting 30-1
stock fencing 22
temporary 22, 25
fennel 126
ferns 126, 129
fertilizers, artificial 15, 36, 46
field shelters 183, 183
figs 126
filberts 123, 124
fireblight 101
fish see aquaponics
flea beetles 85
fleece 71
flexi-nets 22, 24-5, 24, 141
flubendazole 158
flystrike 181
foliar sprays 55, 58
foot rot 181
forest gardens 19, 21, 120, 124-9, 125
biodiversity 125
from an existing orchard 128-9, 129
glades and clearings 20
layered approach 125-6, 126
perennial support plants 124
planning and preparation 128-9
poultry in 129, 142
productive plants 124
forked roots 61
foxes 30, 109, 140
French beans 61, 83, 83, 85
French marigolds 82, 83, 84, 84, 87, 93
frost pockets 99
fruit 94-117
selling 97
see also fruit trees; soft
fruit; and
specific types of fruit
fruit cages 19, 21, 96, 107-8, 108
poultry in 109, 109, 142
fruit juices 15
fruit trees 82, 96-106
biennial cropping 98
buying and planting 101-3
cordons, fans and espaliers 19, 96, 104-6, 105, 107
cultivars 96, 97-8
disease resistance 98, 101
as edible boundaries 114
forms 100, 101
grafting 102, 102
harvesting 98
heritage varieties 97-8, 98
pollination 98-9
positioning 99
pruning 103, 106
rootstocks 99, 101, 106
selection 96-8
spur-bearing varieties 98, 103, 104
staking 102
tip-bearing varieties 98, 104
training 101, 103-6, 104
tree guards 117
see also specific types
fuelwood 19, 21, 120-2
poplars 121, 121
see also willow
fungi 34, 36, 47, 48
galvanized wire 22
garlic 63, 76
geese 134, 150-4, 179
breeds 150
eggs 144
feeding 152, 154
grazing 179
housing 150
pens 152
slaughter 150
table birds 150, 152
water, access to 152
giant butterbur 77, 126, 127
gizzard worms 158
globe artichokes 77, 117
Gloucestershire Old Spots 163, 163, 165, 172
glyphosate 40
goats 176, 182-7
basic care 185
billy goats 184, 186, 187
breeds 184, 186, 187
browsing 176, 183, 184
buying 184
checking on 21
dairy goats 184, 186-7
equipment 184, 187
feeding 176, 183, 184-5
fencing in 184
health 184, 185
housing 182-3, 183
land requirement 176, 183
meat goats 184, 187
pygmy goats 184
regulations 211-12
shearing 185
slaughter 187, 212-13
tagging 17, 211
wool goats 184
Good King Henry 77
gooseberries 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, 126, 129
grafting 102, 102
grazing
geese 154, 179
grass management 176-9
herbal grazing ley mix 178, 179
mob grazing 179
sheep 176-9
green manures 46-7, 58-60, 63, 87
and crop rotations 62-3
living mulch 75
overwintering 59
greenhouses 27
ground elder 58, 72, 85
ground-cover fabric
as path 26
as weed barrier 74, 74, 108, 116
hawthorn 114, 115, 126, 129
hazel 114, 116, 124, 126, 129
hedges
edible 19, 96, 112, 114-17
ground preparation 114, 117
hedgerow species 114
planting 114, 116-17, 117
pruning 117
vegetable hedges 75, 117
weed control 116, 117
hives 21, 205-6, 206
brood boxes 205, 205
National hives 203, 205
queen excluder 205-6, 205
siting 207
supers and frames 205, 205
top-bar hives 208, 209, 209
hoeing 71, 72-3
honey 202, 205, 207, 208-9
honeyberry 110
honeywort 91
hops 126
horseradish 77
hot beds 90, 90
hoverflies 84, 85
hugelkultur beds 54, 54
humus 48
hyssop 82
insect screens 87
intercropping 71-2
Italian alder 126
Japanese ginger 128
Jerusalem artichokes 80, 80, 117
jostaberries 108, 110, 113
juneberry (saskatoon) 111
kale, perennial 75, 77, 80, 126
kiwi fruit 111
lacewings 84
ladybirds 85
land-use rotation
livestock 15, 142-3, 166, 179, 181
see also crop rotation
lavender 82, 93
leafmould 48, 50, 58
leeks 27, 61, 63, 72, 82, 126
legal regulations 210-13
legumes 60, 62-3, 83, 178
see also specific types
lemon balm 126
lettuce 61, 71, 72, 83
lice 157, 158, 170
lime 61, 62, 143
lingonberry (cowberry) 111
liquid plant feeds 57-8
liquorice 128
livestock 130-209
checking on 21, 181, 185, 210
numbers of 15
restrictions on feeding food waste to 138, 170, 210
veterinary care 210
welfare 210
see also beekeeping; goats; pigs; poultry; sheep
livestock regulations 210-13
animal identification 211
aquaponics 198, 212
Australia 210, 213
County Parish Holding (CPH) number 211
dead stock, disposal of 212
flock and herd numbers 211
movement regulations 211-12
poultry registration 211, 212
record keeping 171, 211
selling eggs and meat 156, 212, 213
slaughter 212-13
UK 211-13
US 213
loamy soils 35
loganberry 111
lovage 77
lucerne (alfalfa) 59, 60, 178
magnesium 35, 58
mange 170
manure 15, 36, 47, 47, 50, 60-1
well-rotted 47
see also green manures
marrows 61
measuring your plot 16
medicinal herbs 124
medicine cabinet 210
medlar 126
melons 27, 84, 88
Mexican marigolds 84-5
Mexican sunflowers 91
microclimates 20, 74, 104
microorganisms 37, 47, 48, 50, 55
anaerobic 48, 51
mildews 55, 58, 104
mineral licks 185
mint 85, 126, 129, 159
mites 157-8, 170, 209
mulberry 126
mulch
biodegradable mulch 74, 74
compost as 47, 52
ground-cover fabric 74, 74, 108, 116
living mulch 74, 75
and the no-dig system 42-3
for weed control 38, 39, 41, 42, 74-5, 74, 108, 116, 128
mushroom logs 123, 123
mycorrhizal fungi 103, 126
powder 103, 116
nasturtiums 74, 85, 93
‘Natural Agriculture’ systems 60
nematodes 34, 36, 37, 84
Nepalese raspberry 126
nettles 58
nitrates 36, 46, 48
nitrogen (N) 35, 47, 52, 57, 58, 63
nitrogen robbery 50, 108
nitrogen fixing 54, 59, 60, 63, 75, 83, 125, 128, 178
no-dig method 38, 41-3, 60, 108
pros and cons 43
NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) 47, 57
nut trees 123-4
harvesting and storing nuts 124
nut weevils 124
oak 125
oca 80-1, 126
okra 27
onions 61, 63, 70, 83, 126
orchards 19, 21, 96-7, 113
turning into a forest garden 128-9, 129
see also fruit trees
organic matter 35, 36, 37, 46, 47, 48, 51, 60
&n
bsp; organically grown crops 7, 60
Ouessant sheep 181, 181
over-intensive planting 15
parasitic worms 142-3, 149, 156-7, 158, 159, 170-1, 179, 182
parsnips 61, 71, 73
Pasteurellosis 181, 185
paths 16, 25-6
bare soil 26
base preparation 26
curved 20
grass 26
gravel 26, 26
ground-cover fabric 26
hogging 26
in polytunnels 86
widths 25
peaches 104, 106
pears 98, 101, 104, 114, 126
wild pear 114, 116
peas 72, 86
pens 21
pigs 166, 167
poultry 140-3, 140, 141, 152, 155
peppers 61, 84
perch 195, 195
perennial crops 21, 62, 70, 75-8
advantages 75
annual crops as 75
as barriers and hedges 75
permaculture 6, 8, 19, 21
Peruvian ground apple 82
pests and diseases (plants)
in polytunnels 87, 88
preventing build-up of 60
see also specific pests and diseases
pH 35-6, 42, 61, 62, 143
phacelia 59, 59, 63 Phlomis 92
phosphates 48
phosphorus (P) 35, 47
photosynthesis 37
pigs 21, 160-73
breeds 165
butchery 173
buying 162-6
checking on 21
commercial breeds 163
fencing in 22, 168-9
food and water 169-70
gilts (females) and boars (males) 166
and ground clearing 62, 62
groups 162, 166
health 170-1
housing (arcs) 166, 168, 168
lameness 171
paperwork 163, 171, 173
parasites 170-1
pens 166, 167
pet pigs 165
registered pigs 163
regulations 211-12
slap-marking 211
slaughter 172-3, 212-13
sunburn and heat stroke 171
tagging 211
traditional rare breeds 163
unregistered pigs 163
wallows 170, 171, 171
weaners 162-3, 165, 169-70, 171
weight calculation 172
planning permission 19, 28, 213
planning a plot 12-31
animal pest control 30-1
checklist 16
measuring your plot 16
on paper 16-21
scale drawings 16
time factor 15, 68
zoning 19-21
see also fencing; paths; polytunnels
planting patterns
intercropping 71-2
rows 70-1, 70
staggered planting 70, 71, 71
plot
clearing and cultivating 38-43
planning 12-31
plums 101, 106
poached egg plants 85
pollarding 121, 121, 122
pollinating insects 75, 82, 84, 93
pollination, fruit trees 98-9
polyculture 7, 82
see also companion planting
polytape 22-3
polytunnels 15, 19, 21, 27-9, 27
access to 16, 29
accessories 29
all-year crops 86-8
bracing bars 28
companion planting in 87
coverings and fixings 28-9, 28
crop rotation 86-7
doors 29
heating 86
insect screens 87
layout, planning 86-7