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The Bonus Army

Page 50

by Paul Dickson


  MacArthur, Douglas. Reminiscences. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.

  Maher, Daniel B. “One Slain, 60 Hurt as Troops Rout B.E.F. with Gas Bombs and Flames; Anacostia Huts Fired; Men Are Denied Right to Return to Capital.” Washington Post, July 29, 1932.

  Maloney, John W. “Science Battles Death and Disease in Wake of the Great Hurricane; Workers with Masks in Stricken Region Seek to Avert Pestilence.” Washington Post, September 8, 1935.

  Manchester, William. American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 1880–1940. Boston: Little, Brown, 1976.

  ———. The Glory and the Dream. Boston: Little, Brown, 1974.

  ———. Letter to the Editor. New York Times, November 4, 1990.

  ———. “Rock Bottom in America.” New York Magazine. undated, early 1976.

  Mann, Arthur. La Guardia: A Fighter against His Times, 1882–1933. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1959.

  Marcus, Sheldon. Father Coughlin: The Tumultuous Life of the Priest of the Little Flower. Boston: Little, Brown, 1973.

  Marsh, Benjamin C. Lobbyist for the People: A Record of Fifty Years. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press. 1953.

  Mason, Herbert M. Jr. “Battling for the Bonus.” Veterans of Foreign Wars Magazine, May 1999.

  McDonald, W. F. “The Hurricane of August 31 to September 6, 1935.” Mon. Weather Review 63 (1935): 269–71.

  McElvaine, Robert S. The Depression and New Deal: A History in Documents. New York : Oxford University Press, 2000.

  ———. Down and Out in the Great Depression: Letters from the “Forgotten Man.” Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1983.

  McGee, Dorothy Horton. Herbert Hoover: Engineer, Humanitarian, Statesman. Rev. ed. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1965.

  McGoff, Kevin. “The Bonus Army.” American History Illustrated 12, no. 10 (1978), 28–37.

  McIver, Stuart B. Hemingway’s Key West. Sarasota, Fla.: Pineapple Press, 1993.

  M’Kee, Oliver Jr. “The Bonus Battle.” Washington Post, September 27, 1932.

  McLean, Evalyn Walsh. Father Struck It Rich. With Boyden Sparkes. Boston: Little, Brown, 1936.

  Meisel, Henry Otto. Bonus Expeditionary Forces: The True Facts, 1932. Clintonville, Wis.: privately printed, 1932.

  ———. The Second “Bonus Army.” Clintonville, Wis.: privately printed, 1933.

  Methvin, Eugene H. The Riot Makers: The Technology of Social Demolition. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1970.

  Mettler, Suzanne. “Bringing the State Back in to Civic Engagement: Policy Feedback Effects of the G.I.

  Bill for World War II Veterans.” American Political Science Review, June 2002.

  Moley, Raymond. The American Legion Story. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1966.

  Monk, Edmund G. “The Day the Bonus Army Was Defeated.” Sunday Star, Washington, D.C., July 27, 1957.

  Morrow, Felix. Bonus March. New York: International, 1932.

  National Industrial Conference Board. The Soldiers’ Bonus. New York: NICB, 1923.

  O’Connor, Harvey. Mellon’s Millions: The Biography of a Fortune; the Life and Times of Andrew W. Mellon. New York: John Day, 1933.

  Ottanelli, Fraser M. The Communist Party of the United States. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1991.

  Parker, Robert V. “The Bonus March of 1932: A Unique Experience in North Carolina Political and Social Life.” North Carolina Historical Review, January (1971): 64–89.

  Parks, Lillian Rogers. My Thirty Years Backstairs at the White House. New York: Fleet, 1961.

  Parks, Pat. The Railroad That Died at Sea: The Florida East Coast’s Key West Extension. Brattleboro, Vt.: Stephen Greene Press, 1968.

  Parsons, Wilfred S. J. “The Rout of the Bonus Army.” America, August 13, 1932.

  Patman, Wright. Handbook for Servicemen and Servicewomen of World War II and Their Dependents, Including Rights and Benefits of Veterans of World War II and Their Dependents.Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1942.

  ———. Handbook for Servicemen and Servicewomen of World War Ii and Their Dependents, Including Rights and Benefits of Veterans of World War I and Their Dependents.Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1945.

  Patton, George S. Jr. “Federal Troops in Domestic Disturbances.” Military Essays and Articles by George S. Patton, Jr., edited by Charles M. Province. George S. Patton, Jr. Historical Society, San Diego, Calif., 2002.

  Patton, Robert H. The Pattons: A Personal History of an American Family. New York: Crown, 1994.

  Pilat, Oliver. Drew Pearson: An Unauthorized Biography. New York: Harper’s Magazine Press, 1973.

  Perkins, Dexter. The New Age of Franklin Roosevelt, 1932–1945. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957.

  Perret, Geoffrey. Eisenhower. New York: Random House, 1999.

  ———. “MacArthur and the Marchers.” MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 8 (winter 1996): 74–79.

  ———. Old Soliders Never Die: The Life of Douglas MacArthur. New York: Random House, 1996.

  Phillips, Cabell. 1929–1939: From the Crash to the Blitz. New York: Macmillan, 1969.

  ———. The 1940s: Decade of Triumph and Trouble. New York: Macmillan, 1975.

  Powell, Talcott. Tattered Banners. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1933.

  Powers, Richard Gid. The Life of J. Edgar Hoover: Secrecy and Power. New York: Free Press, 1987.

  Price, John W. “The Army Evicts the Bonus Marchers.” Military Review 21 (May 1971): 56–65.

  Principe, Anthony J. “Meeting America’s Promise.” Officer, August 2001.

  Purdy, Elbridge C. “Eyewitness Account of Bonus March Incident Including the Burning of the Camp at Anacostia, 1932.” Transcript of testimony on file, MacArthur Archives, Norfolk, Va.

  Putnam, Carl M. “The CCC Experience.” Military Review 53, no. 9 (1973): 49–62.

  Rasch, Bradley W. “Consequence: A Forgotten Concept.” Phi Beta Kappan, July 1997.

  Rauch, Basil. The History of the New Deal. New York: Creative Age Press, 1944.

  Raymond, Harry. “The Siege of the Capital.” New Masses, July 1932.

  Reese, Phillip. “Soldier’s Diary Draws Interest of NPR, Shows Steve Murray Marched with the So-Called Bonus Army in 1932, Demanding Payments Promised to Soldiers by the US Government.” Greensboro (N.C.) News Record, June 24, 2000.

  Resch, John. Suffering Soldiers: Revolutionary War Veterans, Moral Sentiment, and Political Culture in the Early Republic. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1999.

  Reynolds, Michael. Hemingway: The Thirties. New York: Norton, 1997.

  Rich, Bennett Milton. The Presidents and Civil Disorder. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1941.

  Rogers, Will. The Autobiography of Will Rogers. Edited by Donald Day. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1949. Roosevelt, Eleanor. This I Remember. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1949.

  Roosevelt, Franklin D. “The Forgotten Man.” Speech, April 7, 1932, from The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, vol 1, 1928–32 (New York City: Random House, 1938), 624.

  Rosenman, Samuel I. “Working with Roosevelt.” New York: Harper and Brothers, 1952.

  Ross, Davis R. B. Preparing for Ulysses: Politics and Veterans during World War II. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969.

  Rudeen, Marlys, ed. The Civilian Conservation Corps Camp Papers: A Guide. Chicago: Center for Research Libraries, 1991.

  Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. The Age of Roosevelt. Vol. 2, The Coming of the New Deal. Boston: Houghton, 1959.

  Schmidt, Hans. Maverick Marine : General Smedley D. Butler and the Contradictions of American Military History. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1987.

  Schnapper, M. B. American Labor: A Bicentennial History. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 1975.

  Schorr, Daniel. “Roll Back to the Days before F.D.R.? No Way.” Christian Science Monitor, April 21, 1985. Seldes, Gilbert. The Years of the Locust. Boston: Little, Brown, 1933.

  Severo, Richard, and Lewis Milford. The Wages of War: When
America’s Soldiers Came Home—From Valley Forge to Vietnam. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.

  Semmes, Harry H. Portrait of Patton. New York: Paperback Library, 1955.

  Sexton, Patricia Cayo. The War on Labor and the Left. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1992.

  Sherwood, Edwin Douglas. “Wright Patman and the Bonus Episode.” Master’s thesis, Lamar University, 1988.

  Simchak, Matthew Stephen. “The Bonus March of 1932: The Failure of a Radical Alternative.” Master’s thesis, Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., 1969.

  Sinclair, Frank. America Faces a Challenge. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Journal, 1943.

  ———. They Can’t Eat Medals. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Journal, 1943.

  Smith, Gene. The Shattered Dream: Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression. New York: William Morrow, 1970.

  Smith, Page. Redeeming the Time: A People’s History of the 1920s amd the New Deal. New York: Penguin Books, 1987.

  Smith, Richard Norton. An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.

  ———. Wounded Soldiers Come Home . . . What Then?. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Journal, 1943.

  Sneller, Maurice P. Jr. “The Bonus March of 1932: A Study of Depression Leadership and Its Legacy.” Master’s thesis, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va., 1960.

  Snoman, Daniel. America Since 1920. New York: Harper and Row, 1968.

  Snyder, Louis L. A Treasury of Great Reporting. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1949.

  Solomon, Mark. The Cry Was Unity: Communists and African Americans, 1917–36. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1998.

  Specter, Arlen. Passion for Truth. New York: William Morrow, 2000.

  Standiford, Les. Last Train to Paradise: Henry Flagler and the Spectacular Rise and Fall of the Railroad That Crossed an Ocean. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2002.

  Starling, Colonel Edmund W. and Thomas Sugrue. Starling of the White House: The Story of the Man Whose Secret Service Detail Guarded Five Presidents from Woodrow Wilson to Franklin D. Roosevelt. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1946.

  Stiles, Lela. The Man behind Roosevelt: The Story of Louis McHenry Howe. Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing, 1954.

  Strout, Richard L. “Capitol Riots Like Great Movie Unroll before ‘Grandstand’ Seat,” Christian Science Monitor, July 29, 1932.

  ———. “Vet Protests—1932, 1971.” Christian Science Monitor, April 24, 1971.

  Sullivan, Lawrence. “B.E.F. Hid Explosives Here, Johnson Says; Representative Declares U.S. Will Prove Reds Inspired Men.” Washington Post, August 16, 1932.

  Telser, Lester G. “The Veterans’ Bonus of 1936 and the Abortive Recovery from the Great Depression.” Master’s thesis, University of Chicago, 2000.

  Terkel, Studs. Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression. New York: Pantheon, 1970.

  Thomas, Lowell. Old Gimlet Eye: The Adventures of Smedley D. Butler as Told to Lowell Thomas. Illustrated by Paul Brown. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1933.

  Thurston, Elliott. “First Reel of Rooseveltian National Drama Draws to Exciting Close; Swift Action Keeps Climax Still Vague.” Washington Post, February 25, 1934.

  “Future Veterans.” Time, March 30, 1936.

  Time Capsule: 1933. New York: Time Incorporated, 1967.

  Torry, Robert. “ ‘You Can’t Look Away’: Spectacle and Transgression in King Kong.” Arizona Quarterly 49, no. 4 (1993): 61–77.

  Trout, Steven. “Where Do We Go from Here? Ernest Hemingway’s ‘Soldier’s Home’ and American Veterans of World War I (2).” Hemingway Review, January 2000.

  > Truscott, Lucian King. The Twilight of the U.S. Cavalry: Life in the Old Army, 1917–1942. Edited by Lucian K. Truscott III. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1989.

  Tugwell, Rexford G. “Roosevelt and the Bonus Marchers of 1932.” Political Science Quarterly 87, no. 3 (1972): 363–76.

  U.S. Congress. Joint Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. Veterans’ Affairs vol. 4. 72d Cong., 2d sess., February 1933.

  U.S. House of Representatives. Appropriation for Veterans Temporarily Quartered in District of Columbia. 72d Cong, 1st sess., 1931.

  U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Un-American Activities. Communist Tactics Among Veterans’ Groups. 82d Cong., 1st sess., 1951.

  U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Ways and Means. Payment of Adjusted-Compensation Certificates. 72d Cong., 2d sess., January 1931.

  U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on World War Veterans’ Legislation, Florida Hurricane Disaster. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1936.

  U.S. Military Intelligence Reports. Surveillance of Radicals in the U.S., 1917–1941. Edited by Randolph Boehm. Frederick, Md.: University Publications of America, 1984. Microfilm reels containing extensive files on the Bonus Army (reels 21 and 22).

  United States. Pension Office. Annual Report of the Bureau of Pensions, September 25, 1930.

  Unofficial Observer. “Mrs. Roosevelt a Driving Force in New Deal; First Lady’s Life Crowded with Action She’s Given Credit for First Leading F.D.R. into Politics. Energy, Wide Interests Unprecedented among Presidents’ Wives.” Washington Post, March 4, 1934.

  Vidal, Gore. Screening History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.

  Villiard, Oswald Garrison. “Issues and Men.” Nation, April 8, 1936, 450.

  Walch, Timothy. Eisenhower: The Prewar Diaries and Selected Papers, 1905–1941. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.

  Waldrop, Frank C. “General MacArthur, the True Soldier, Leaves the Army.” Washington Herald-Times, October 17, 1937.

  Walter, Edward. The Rise and Fall of Leftist Radicalism in America. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1992.

  Warren, Harris G. Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1959.

  Waters, Walter W. B.E.F., the Whole Story of the Bonus Army. With William C. White. New York: AMS Press, 1970 (reprinted from 1933 edition).

  Watkins, Tom H. The Hungry Years: A Narrative History of the Great Depression in America. New York: Henry Holt, 1999.

  ———. The Great Depression: America in the 1930’s. Boston: Little, Brown, 1993.

  Weaver, John D. Another Such Victory. New York: Viking Press, 1948.

  ———. “Bonus March.” American Heritage 14, no. 4 (1963): 18–23, 92–97.

  Webb, Robert N. The Bonus March on Washington, D.C.: May–June 1932. New York: Franklin Watts, 1969.

  Wechsler, James. “Treason among the Future Veterans.” Nation, May 27, 1936.

  Wecter, Dixon. The Age of the Great Depression, 1929–1941. New York: Macmillan, 1948.

  Weigley, Russell F. “The American Military and the Principle of Civilian Control from McClellan to Powell.” Journal of Military History 57, no. 5 (October 1993).

  White, Owen P. “General Glassford’s Story.” Collier’s, October 29, 1932.

  White, William A. A Puritan in Babylon. New York: Macmillan, 1938.

  ———. “The Story of a Smear.” Reader’s Digest, December 1951.

  Wilkins, Roy. “The Bonuseers Ban Jim Crow.” Crisis, October 1932.

  ———. Standing Fast: The Autobiography of Roy Wilkins. With Tom Mathews. New York: Viking Press, 1982.

  Winslow, Susan. Brother, Can You Spare a Dime: America from the Wall Street Crash to Pearl Harbor. New York: Paddington Press, 1976.

  Zinn, Howard. LaGuardia in Congress. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1972.

  Zipser, Arthur. Workingclass Giant: The Life of William Z. Foster. New York: International Publishers, 1981.

  The following publications were those most frequently consulted for reference.

  Baltimore Sun, B.E.F. News, Chicago Tribune,, Christian Century, Christian Science Monitor, Cleveland Advocate, Los Angeles Times, The Nation, The New Republic, Newsweek, New York Times, The Oregonian, The Oregon Journal, Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia Public Ledger, Stars and Stripes*, Time, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Daily News, The Washington Po
st, and The Washington Tribune

  *The full World War I run of this Paris-based newspaper is on-line through the Library of Congress American Memory.

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  (with Douglas E. Evelyn)

  Baseball: The President’s Game (with William B. Mead)

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  War Slang

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  George Washington, Spymaster

  Why Truman Dropped the Atomic Bomb on Japan (with Norman Polmar)

  Remember Pearl Harbor

  World War II: America at War, 1941–1945 (with Norman Polmar)

  Spy Book: The Encyclopedia of Espionage (with Norman Polmar)

  The Blue and the Gray

  Merchants of Treason (with Norman Polmar)

  War Games

  Rickover: Controversy and Genius (with Norman Polmar)

  America from Space

  “The Bonus Army is a terrific book. Exhaustively researched but simply written, it holds the reader’s attention from beginning to end. I personally remember the momentous events of the July day in 1932, but before reading this account I had no idea of the drama, the pathos, the confusion, and the lasting importance of the event. Highly recommended for any reader who seeks a rounded knowledge of America of the twentieth century.”—John S. D. Eisenhower

  “A model of clear-eyed history. The book never flinches, though you will. And, here and there, readers may speculate as to today’s military, its eventual return from the Middle East, and its response to the riches that some U.S. civilians have meanwhile amassed.”—James H. Bready, Baltimore Sun

  “So well researched and historically accurate that this reader was only left with a sense of disgust in my gut and a renewed resolve to fight for the just respect the American veteran has earned . . . Read this book.”—Veterans Journal

 

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