From Fatigued to Fantastic!

by Jacob Teitelbaum

  49. B. de Lignieres, “Oral Micronized Progesterone,” Clin Ther 1999 January; 21 (1): 41–60.

  50. L. A. Fitzpatrick and A. Good, “Micronized Progesterone: Clinical Indications and Comparison with Current Treatment,” Fertil Steril 1999 September; 72 (3): 389–397.

  51. M. R. Adams, T. C. Register, D. L. Golden, J. D. Wagner, and J. K. Williams, “Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Antagonizes Inhibitory Effects of Conjugated Equine Estrogens on Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis,” Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997 January; 17 (1): 217–221 (ISSN: 1079–5642).

  52. J. D. Wagner, M. A. Martino, M. J. Jayo, M. S. Anthony, T. B. Clarkson, and W. T. Cefalu, “The Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Surgically Postmenopausal Cynomolgus Monkeys,” Metabolism 1996 October; 45 (10): 1254–1262.

  53. R. L. Levine, S. J. Chen, J. Durand, Y. F. Chen, and S. Oparil, “Medroxyprogesterone Attenuates Estrogen-Mediated Inhibition of Neointima Formation After Balloon Injury of the Rat Carotid Artery,” Circulation 1996 November 1; 94 (9): 2221–2227.

  54. T. C. Register, M. R. Adams, D. L. Golden, and T. B. Clarkson, “Conjugated Equine Estrogens Alone, But not in Combination with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Inhibit Aortic Connective Tissue Remodeling After Plasma Lipid Lowering in Female Monkeys,” Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998 July; 18 (7): 1164–1171.

  55. M. C. Pike and R. K. Ross, “Progestins and Menopause: Epidemiological Studies of Risks of Endometrial and Breast Cancers,” Steroids 2000; 65: 659–664.

  56. B. MacMahon, P. Cole, J. B. Brown, K. Aoki, T. M. Lin, R. W. Morgan, and N. Woo, “Oestrogen Profiles of Asian and North American Women,” The Lancet 1971 October 23; 2 (7,730): 900–902.

  57. H. M. Lemon, “Genetic Predisposition to Carcinoma of the Breast: Multiple Human Genotypes for Estrogen 16 alpha-hydroxylase Activity in Caucasians,” J Surg Oncol 1972; 4 (3): 255–273.

  58. H. M. Lemon, “Oestriol and Prevention of Breast Cancer.” The Lancet 1973; March 10: 546–547.

  59. R. D. Bulbrook, M. C. Swain, D. Y. Wang, J. L. Hayward, S. Kumaoka, O. Takatani, O. Abe, and J. Utsunomiya, “Breast Cancer in Britain and Japan: Plasma Oestradiol-17 beta, Oestrone and Progesterone, and Their Urinary Metabolites in Normal British and Japanese Women,” Eur J Cancer 1976 September; 12 (9): 725–735.

  60. L. Speroff, “The Breast As an Endocrine Target Organ,” Contemp Obst Gyn 1977 9: 69–72. DNH

  61. M. R. Adams, et al., “Inhibition of Coronary Artery Athrosclerosis by 17-beta Estradiol in Ovariectomized Monkeys: Lack of an Effect of Added Progesterone,” Arteriosclerosis 1990; 10: 1051–1057.

  62. W. N. Spellacy, “A Review of Carbohydrate Metabolism and the Oral Contraceptives,” Am J Obstet Gynecol 1969 June 1; 104 (3): 448–460.

  63. M. J. Tikkanen, T. Kuusi, E. A. Nikkila, and S. Sipinen, “Post-menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy: Effects of Progestogens on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins: A Review,” Maturitas 1986 March; 8 (1): 7–17.

  64. H. H. Newham, “Oestrogens and Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: Lipid Factors,” Baillieres Clin Endo Metab 1993; 7: 61–93.

  65. R. A. Lobo, “The Role of Progestins in Hormone Replacement Therapy,” Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992 June; 166 (6 Pt 2): 1997–2004.

  66. I. I. Bolaji, H. Grimes, G. Mortimer, D. F. Tallon, P. F. Fottrell, and E. M. O’Dwyer, “Low-Dose Progesterone Therapy in Oestrogenised Postmenopausal Women: Effects on Plasma Lipids, Lipoproteins and Liver Function Parameters,” Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1993 January; 48 (1): 61–68.

  67. S. Moorjani, A. Dupont, F. Labrie, B. De Lignieres, L. Cusan, P. Dupont, J. Mailloux, and P. J. Lupien, “Changes in Plasma Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Composition in Relation to Oral Versus Percutaneous Administration of Estrogen Alone or in Cyclic Association with Utrogestan in Menopausal Women,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991 August; 73 (2): 373–379.

  68. R. D. Minshall, K. Miyagawa, C. C. Chadwick, M. J. Novy, and K. Hermsmeyer, “In Vitro Modulation of Primate Coronary Vascular Muscle Cell Reactivity by Ovarian Steroid Hormones,” FASEB J 1998 October; 12 (13): 1419–1429.

  69. R. D. Minshall, F. Z. Stanczyk, K. Miyagawa, B. Uchida, M. Axthelm, M. Novy, and K. Hermsmeyer, “Ovarian Steroid Protection Against Coronary Artery Hyperreactivity in Rhesus Monkeys,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998 February; 83 (2): 649–659.

  70. L. Fahraeus, U. Larsson-Cohn, and L. Wallentin, “L-norgestrel and Progesterone Have Different Influences on Plasma Lipoproteins,” Eur J Clin Invest 1983 December; 13 (6): 447–453.

  71. J. Jensen, B. J. Riis, V. Strom, L. Nilas, and C. Christiansen, “Long-term Effects of Percutaneous Estrogens and Oral Progesterone on Serum Lipoproteins in Postmenopausal Women,” Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987 January; 156 (1): 66–71.

  72. U. B. Ottosson, B. G. Johansson, and B. von Schoultz, “Subfractions of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol During Estrogen Replacement Therapy: A Comparison Between Progestogens and Natural Progesterone,” Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985 March 15; 151 (6): 746–750.

  73. K. E. Elkind-Hirsch, L. D. Sherman, and R. Malinak, “Hormone Replacement Therapy Alters Insulin Sensitivity in Young Women with Premature Ovarian Failure,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993 February; 76 (2): 472–475.

  74. T. L. Bush, E. Barrett-Connor, L. D. Cowan, M. H. Criqui, R. B. Wallace, C. M. Suchindran, H. A. Tyroler, and B. M. Rifkind, “Cardiovascular Mortality and Non-contraceptive Use of Estrogen in Women: Results from the Lipid Research Clinics Program Follow-up Study,” Circulation 1987 June; 75 (6): 1102–1109.

  75. I. F. Godsland, K. Gangar, C. Walton, M. P. Cust, M. I. Whitehead, V. Wynn, and J. C. Stevenson, “Insulin Resistance, Secretion, and Elimination in Postmenopausal Women Receiving Oral or Rransdermal Hormone Replacement Therapy,” Metabolism 1993 July; 42 (7): 846–853.

  76. A. K. Morey, A. Pedram, M. Razandi, B. A. Prins, R. M. Hu, E. Biesiada, and E. R. Levin, “Estrogen and Progesterone Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Proliferation,” Endocrinology 1997 August; 138 (8): 3330–3339.

  77. W. S. Lee, J. A. Harder, M. Yoshizumi, M. E. Lee, and E. Haber, “Progesterone Inhibits Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation,” Nat Med 1997 September; 3 (9): 1005–1008.

  78. G. A. Colditz, S. E. Hankinson, D. J. Hunter, W. C. Willett, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, C. Hennekens, B. Rosner, and F. E. Speizer, “The Use of Estrogens and Progestins and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women,” N Engl J Med 1995 June 15; 332 (24): 1589–1593.

  79. B. von Schoultz, G. Soderqvist, M. Cline, E. von Schoultz, and L. Skoog, “Hormonal Regulation of the Normal Breast,” Maturitas 1996 May; 23 supplement: S23–S25.

  80. Y. Chen, X. Liu, E. Pisha, A. I. Constantinou, Y. Hua, L. Shen, R. B. van Breemen, E. C. Elguindi, S. Y. Blond, F. Zhang, and J. L. Bolton, “A Metabolite of Equine Estrogens, 4-hydroxyequilenin, Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines,” Chem Res Toxicol 2000 May; 13 (5): 342–350.

  81. J. Desreux, F. Kebers, A. Noel, D. Francart, H. Van Cauwenberge, V. Heinen, J. L. Thomas, A. M. Bernard, J. Paris, R. Delansorne, and J. M. Foidart, “Progesterone Receptor Activation: An Alternative to SERMs in Breast Cancer,” Eur J Cancer 2000 September; 36 supplement 4: S90–S91.

  Chapter 5. I—Infections: Destroy Your Body’s Hidden Invaders

  1. J. R. Quesada, M. Talpaz, A. Rios, et al., “Clinical Toxicity of Interferon in Cancer Patients: A Review,” Journal of Clinical Oncology 4 (February 1986): 234–243; and F. Adams, J. R. Quesada, and J. U. Gutterman, “Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Human Leukocyte Interferon Therapy in Patients with Cancer,” Journal of the American Medical Association 252 (7) (17 August 1984): 938–941.

  2. A. W. Meikle, R. A. Daynes, B. A. Araneo, et al., “Adrenal Androgen Secretion and Biologic Effects,” Endocrine and Metabolic Clinics of North America 20 (2) (June 1991): 381–421.

  3. E. Barker, S. F. Fujimura, M. B. Fadem, et al., “Immunologic Abnormalities Associated with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” Clinical Infectious Diseases 18,
supplement 1 (1994): 5,136–5,141.

  4. T. Aoki, H. Miyakoshi, Y. Usuda, et al., “Low NK Syndrome and Its Relationship to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology 69 (December 1993): 253–265.

  5. B. Evengard, “Comparison of the Composition of Intestinal Microflora of CFS Patients When in the Acute Phase of the Illness,” Viral Immune Poster Session Abstract, IACFS Conference. Ft Lauderdale, FL, January 12, 2007.

  6. J. E. Teitelbaum, and B. Bird, “Effective Treatment of Severe Chronic Fatigue: A Report of a Series of 64 Patients.” J Musculoskeletal Pain 1995; 3 (4): 91–110.

  7. William G. Crook, The Yeast Connection and the Woman (Jackson, TN: Professional Books, 1995).

  8. J. Savolainen, K. Lammintausta, K. Kalimo, et al., “Candida Albicans and Atopic Dermatitis,” Clinical Experimental Allergy 23 (4) (April 1993): 332–339.

  9. G. Reid, K. Millsap, and A. P. Bruce, “Implantation of Lactobacillus casei var. Rhamnosus into Vagina,” The Lancet 344 (8931): 1229.

  10. J. Edman, J. D. Sobel, and M. L. Taylor, “Zinc Status in Women with Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 155 (1986): 1082–1088.

  11. S. Naylor, “Role of Fungi in Allergic Fungal Sinusitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis,” Mayo Clinic Proceedings 75 (5) (May 2000): 540–541.

  12. J. Avorn, M. Monane, J. H. Gurwitz, et al., “Reduction of Bacteriuria and Pyuria After Ingestion of Cranberry Juice,” Journal of the American Medical Association 271 (10) (9 March 1994): 751–754.

  13. S. Toyota, Y. Fukushi, S. Katoh, S. Orikasa, and Y. Suzuki, “Anti-Bacterial Defense Mechanism of the Urinary Bladder, Role of Mannose in Urine” [Article in Japanese], Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1989 December; 80 (12): 1816–1823.

  14. “Effect of D-mannose and D-glucose on Escherichia coli Bacteriuria in Rats,” Urol Res 11 (2): 1983; 97–102.

  15. “Mannose-sensitive Adherence of Escherichia coli to Epithelial Cells from Women with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections,” J Urol 131 (5): May 1984; 906–910.

  16. Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals, in-house research data.

  17. D. A. Shoskes et al., “Quercetin in Men with Category 3 Chronic Prostatitis: A Preliminary Prospective, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial,” Urology, 1999; 54: 960–963.

  18. R. J. Deckelbaum, “ELISA More Accurate Than Microscopy for Giardia,” Infectious Diseases in Children, October 1993, p. 30.

  19. L. Galland, M. Lee, H. Bueno, et al., “Giardia as a Cause of Chronic Fatigue,” Journal of Nutritional Medicine 1 (1990): 27–32.

  20. Ann Louise Gittleman, Guess What Came to Dinner: Parasites and Your Health (Garden City Park, NY: Avery Publishing Group, 1993).

  21. J. G. Travell and D. G. Simons, Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, Vol. I (Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1983), pp. 103–164.

  22. J. Dylewski et al., “Absence of Detectable IgM Antibody During Cytomegalovirus Disease in Patients with AIDS,” New England Journal of Medicine 1985: 309: 493.

  23. Carruthers et al., “Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Clinical Working Case Definition, Diagnostic and Treatment Protocols,” Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Vol. 11 (1) 2003.

  24. D. V. Ablashi, C. Zompetta, C. Lease, S. F. Josephs, N. Balachandran, A. L. Komaroff, G. R. F. Krueger, B. Henry, J. Luka, and S. Z. Salahuddin, “Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV–6) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS),” Canada Disease Weekly Report 1991; 175E: 33–40.

  25. M. Zorenzenon, G. Rukh, G. A. Botta, et al., “Active HHV–6 Infection in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients from Italy: New data,” J Chron Fatigue Syndr 1996; 2 (4): 3–12.

  26. K. K. Knox, J. H. Brewer, and D. R. Carrigan, “Persistent Active Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV–6) Infections in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” J Chron Fatigue Syndr 1999; 5: 245–246.

  27. J. H. Brewer, K. K. Knox, and D. R. Carrigan, “Longitudinal Study of Chronic Active Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV–6) Viremia in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” Abstract, IDSA, 37th Annual Meeting, November 18–21, 1999, Philadelphia, PA.

  28. Wagner et al., “Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Critical Evaluation of Testing for Active Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection. Review of Data of 107 cases,” Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; 2 (4) 1996.

  29. G. R. F. Krueger, D. V. Ablashi, and R. C. Gallo, “Persistent Herpesvirus Infections: Current Techniques in Diagnosis,” J Virol Methods 21: 1988; 1–326.

  30. R. F. Gerhard et al., “Clinical Correlates of Infection with Human Herpesvirus-6,” In Vivo 1994; 8: 457–486.

  31. D. V. Ablashi et al., “Human Herpes Virus and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” Canad Dis Weekly Rep 1991; 17S1: 33–40.

  32. D. V. Albashi et al., “Human, Lymphotropic Virus (Human Herpesvirus-6),” J Virol Methods 1988; 21: 29–48.

  33. S. F. Josephs et al., “HHV-6 Reactivation in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” The Lancet 1991; 1346–1347.

  34. J. Dylewski, S. Chou, and T. C. Merigan, “Absence of Detectable 1gM Antibody During Cytomegalovirus Disease in Patients with AIDS,” New England Journal of Medicine, 1985; 309: 493.

  35. G. R. F. Krueger et al., “Overview of Immunopathology of Chronic Active Herpesvirus Infection,” J Virol Methods 1988; 21: 11–18.

  36. J. K. S. Chia, “The Role of Enterovirus in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” Journal of Clinical Pathology 2005; 58: 1126–1132; doi: 10.1136/jcp.2004.020255 2005.

  37. J. Brewer, “Treatment of Active HHV-6 Infection with HHV-6 Specific Transfer Factor in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” American Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Spring 2004; 203–208.

  38. D. Viza, J. M. Vich, J. Phillips, et al., “Orally Administered Specific Transfer Factor for the Treatment of Herpesvirus Infections,” Lymphok Res 1985; 4: 27–30.

  39. H. Fudenberg and G. Pizza, “Transfer Factor 1993: New Frontiers,” Progress in Drug Res 1994; 42: 309–400.

  40. I. Lang, H. Nekam, P. Gergely, et al., “Effect of In Vivo and In Vitro Treatment with Dialyzable Leukocyte Extracts on Human Natural Killer Cell Activity,” Clin Immunol and Immunopathol 1982; 25: 139–144.

  41. G. L. Nicolson, R. Gan, and J. Haier, “Multiple Coinfections (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Human Herpes Virus-6) in Blood of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients: Association with Signs and Symptoms,” APMIS, 2003 May; 111 (5): 557–566.

  42. D. Buchwald et al., “A Chronic Illness Characterized by Fatigue, Neurological and Immunological Disorders, and Active Human Herpes Virus 6 Infection,” Annals of Internal Medicine 1992; 116: 103–113.

  43. “HHV-6 Biology, Viruses, and Immunology in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,” IACFS Research Conference, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, January 12–14, 2007.

  44. Montoya et al., “Use of Valganciclovir [Valcyte] in Patients with Elevated Antibody Titers Against Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Who Were Experiencing Central Nervous System Dysfunction Including Long-standing Fatigue,” Journal of Clinical Virology, December 2006; also presented at the IACFS Research Conference. Fort Lauderdale, FL, January 12–14, 2007.

  45. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/11/051109181127.htm

  Chapter 6. N–Nutrition: Optimizing Your Body’s Ability to Heal

  1. R. M. Marston and B. B. Peterkin, “Nutrient Content of the National Food Supply,” National Food Review, Winter 1980, pp. 21–25.

  2. William G. Crook, The Yeast Connection and the Woman (Jackson, TN: Professional Books, 1995).

  3. R. M. Marston and B. B. Peterkin, op. cit.; and J. H. Nelson, “Wheat: Its Processing and Utilization,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41, supplement (May 1985): 1070–1076.

  4. H. A. Schroeder, “Losses of Vitamins and Trace Minerals Resulting from Processing and Preservation of Foods,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 24 (5) (May 1971): 562–573.

  5. H. C. Trowell, ed., Western Diseases: Their Emergence and Prevention (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981).

  6. S.
B. Eaton and N. Konner, “Paleolithic Nutrition. A Consideration of Its Nature and Current Implications,” New England Journal of Medicine 312 (5) (31 January 1985): 283–289.

  7. W. Mertz, ed., “Beltsville 1 Year Dietary Intake Survey,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 40, supplement (December 1984): 1323–1403.

  8. B. Bartali et al., “Low Micronutrient Levels as a Predictor of Incident Disability in Older Women,” Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 2335–2340.

  9. “The Relationship Between Dietary Intake and the Number of Teeth in Elderly Japanese Subjects,” Gerodontology 2005; 22 (4): 211–218.

  10. J. G. Travell and D. G. Simons, Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, Vol. I (Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1983), pp. 103–164.

  11. S. Ozgocmen, H. Ozyurt, S. Sogut, O. Akyol, O. Ardicoglu, and H. Yildizhan, “Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation and Nitric Oxide in Fibromyalgia: Etiologic and Therapeutic Concerns,” Rheumatol Int 2005 November 10; 1–6 (E-pub ahead of print).

  12. A. A. Litonjua, S. L. Rifas-Shiman, et al., “Maternal Antioxidant Intake in Pregnancy and Wheezing Illnesses in Children at 2 y of Age,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2006; 84 (4): 903–911.

  13. S. Hercberg et al., Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 2335–2342.

  14. H. J. Kim, M. K. Kim, et al., “Effect of Nutrient Intake and Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Case-Control Study,” Nutr Cancer 2005; 52 (2): 138–146.

  15. J. Medina and R. Moreno-Otero, “Pathophysiological Basis for Antioxidant Therapy in Chronic Liver Disease,” Drugs 2005; 65 (17): 2445–2461.

  16. J. Zhang, R. G. Munger, et al., “Antioxidant Intake and Risk of Osteoporotic Hip Fracture in Utah: An Effect Modified by Smoking Status,” Am J Epidemiol 2006; 163 (1): 9.

  17. M. Takumida and M. Anniko, “Radical Scavengers: A Remedy for Presbyacusis: A Pilot Study,” Acta Otolaryngol 2005; 135 (12): 1290–1295.