Goebbels: A Biography
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29. Unitas, 57/6, August 1917, Kölsch report; 58/2, December 1917, p. 68, Goebbels report and 58/3, February 1918, p. 120, Goebbels report.
30. He informed the Magnus-Verein that he “was called up for military office services at the end of June” but had now been released (BAK, NL 1118/113, letter of 14 September 1917), also published in Fraenkel and Manvell, Goebbels, 32. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 5: “Von der Einziehung nochmal frei,” Unitas, 57/6, August 1917: “Also Goebbels […] told my Leibfuchs Ulex to take part in the auxiliary service.”
31. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 5.
32. Documents and further correspondence concerning the application of 15 December 1917 in BAK, NL 1118/113.
33. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 5; manuscripts in BAK, NL 1118/117, 127.
34. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 5; he lived at Poststrasse 18 II. BAK, NL 1118/113, scholarship documents of the Albertus-Magnus-Verein.
35. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 5f.
36. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 6.
37. StA MG, NL Goebbels/3, Student documents (copies from Bonn University archive). Notes on the Heine lecture in StA MG, NL Goebbels/15, further notes from the Bonn period in StA MG, NL Goebbels/14, 15, 16, 19.
38. Unitas, 58/4, April 1918, Backus report. Berlin is mentioned as the future place of study.
39. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 6. On the stay in Freiburg, see Reuth, Goebbels, 33f.; see also StA MG, NL Goebbels/3, Freiburg student documents.
40. That is clear from a later letter to her. BAK, NL 1118/126, letter of 29 June 1920.
41. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 7f.
42. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 9; BAK, NL 1118/112, letters from Agnes 7, 13, 15 August 1918.
43. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 9.
44. BAK, NL 1118/127, J.G. to A.S., 21 August 1918 on the completion of the text which is in the same file. Wambach, “Es ist gleichgültig.”
45. BAK, NL 1118/109, J.G. to A.S., 26 August 1918, J.G. to A.S., 30 August 1918; NL 1118/127, J.G. to A.S., 11 August 1918 (quotation); Reuth, Goebbels, 35.
46. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 9f.
47. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 10f. (on the stay in Würzburg). Reuth, Goebbels, 35ff.
48. Kollegienbuch, NL 1118/113. Lecture notes from Würzburg in StA MG, NL Goebbels/20.
49. Unitas, 59, 1918/19, p. 209, Unitas Würzburg report.
50. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 10f.
51. Fraenkel, Goebbels, 38f.
52. BAK, NL 1118/113, 3 October, 14 November, 31 December 1918, 3 January 1919. BAK, NL 1118/112, 21 December 1919.
53. Czapla, “Erlösung im Zeichen des Hakenkreuzes.” On the poems, see Michel, Vom Poeten, 35ff.
54. “Gesang in der Nacht,” in “Aus meinem Tagebuch,” BAK, NL 1118/126. On these more serious topics, see Czapla, “Erlösung im Zeichen des Hakenkreuzes,” 292ff.
55. “Ein Nachtgebet,” in “Aus meinem Tagebuch.”
56. In TB, 12 December 1923; see also “Sommerabend im Schwarzwald,” in “Aus meinem Tagebuch.”
57. BAK, NL 1118/109, letter to Anka, 26 January 1919.
58. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 27 January 1919.
59. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 30 January 1919.
60. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 11.
61. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 13.
62. BAK, NL 1118/109, J.G. to A.S., 16 March 1919.
63. BAK, NL 1118/13, Vertrags-Entwurf; see Reuth, Goebbels, 41.
64. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 14.
65. BAK, NL 1118/115; Michel, Vom Poeten, 60ff.
66. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 14f.
67. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 15. It concerns Frau Morkramer, presumably the widow of the former owner of the wick factory in which Fritz Goebbels worked. StA MG, Hausbuch Reydt, Odenkirchener Str. 63; StA MG, NL Goebbels/49; receipt from Frau Morkramer for the payments of RM 700, 4 June 1922.
68. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 15f. On the stay in Munich, see Reuth, Goebbels, 42ff.
69. Kershaw, Hitler. 1889–1936, 140ff.
70. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 17.
71. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 15f.
72. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 16.
73. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 16f.; BAK, NL 1118/109, J.G. to A.S., 31 January 1919.
74. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 16.
75. BAK, NL 1118/113, letter of 9 November 1919. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 15, a “good” letter from father.
76. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 17.
77. BAK, NL 1118/126, 6 September 1919.
78. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 17; later he called the play “Die Arbeit” (“Work”); see Reuth, Goebbels, 42; fragment in StA MG, NL Goebbels/69.
79. On the stay in Rheydt, see “Erinnerungsblätter,” 17f. Reuth, Goebbels, 45f.; on Hans, see letters to A.S., BAK, NL 1118/109, 29 and 31 January 1920, also 31 January, 6 February 1920; BAK, NL 1118/110, 2 March 1920.
80. BAK, NL 1118/110, letter to Anka, 14 April 1920.
81. BAK, NL 1118/110, letter to Anka, 4 March 1920.
82. BAK, NL 1118/117; on the contents, see Reuth, Goebbels, 47.
83. BAK, NL 1118/126, J.G. to A.S., 14 April 1920; lengthy quotation in Reuth, Goebbels, 48.
84. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 18f.
85. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 17.
86. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 18: “Theo is making me suspicious,” but then concerning a conversation with Anka: “Theo Gleitmann is finished.”
87. BAK, NL 1118/126, letter of 29 June 1920.
88. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 19; Reuth, Goebbels, 48f.
89. BAK, NL 1118/118.
90. Will of 1 October 1920, NL 1118/113 and 118.
91. BAK, NL 1118/126, A.S. to J.G., 24 November 1920; J.G. to A.S., 27 November 1920 with poem entitled “Ein Abschied” (A Farewell). Then there is a final undated farewell letter in the file.
92. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 20f.; BAK, NL 1118/110, letter from Mumme, 20 November, 5 December; reply to Mumme, 6 December 1920, declining to accept any more letters. Here also letters from a Münster lawyer of 6 June 1921 and 14 March 1921, who had received the same brief from Anka Stahlherm.
93. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 21.
94. BAK, NL 1118/110, 6 June 1920.
95. Gundolf’s study was published in 1924 under the title Cäsar. Geschichte seines Ruhms (Berlin 1924). Caesar’s greatness was a lifelong preoccupation of the Germanist, who had already written a doctorate on him: Caesar in der deutschen Literatur (Berlin 1904).
96. Lecture: “Ausschnitte aus der deutschen Literatur der Gegenwart” (Selections from contemporary German literature), 30 October 1922, see note 106.
97. “Goethes Antheil an den Recensionen der Frankfurter Gelehrten Anzeigen, aus dem Jahre 1782” (actually 1772), StA MG, NL Goebbels/24.
98. Wilhelm von Schütz als Dramatiker. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Dramas der romantischen Schule, 1922; on the dissertation, see Reuth, Goebbels, 53f.
99. Doctoral diploma, 21 April 1922, NL 1118/128, rite superato.
100. Carmon, “Impact of the Nazi Racial Decrees,” 138; on the celebrations in Heidelberg in 1942, see chapter 26.
101. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 23. On these contributions, see Reuth, Goebbels, 56ff.
102. WLZ, “Vom Geiste unserer Zeit,” 24 January 1922.
103. WLZ, 6 February 1922.
104. WLZ, 8 February 1922. On 11 February “Kritik und Kunst” appeared as his fifth article.
105. This polemic was published in two parts: “Zur Erziehung eines neuen Publikums,” 21 and 27 February 1922. He also criticized the public in “Sursum Corda,” which concluded the series on 7 March 1922.
106. “Sursum Corda.”
107. “Vom Geiste unserer Zeit”; also “Publikum I.”
108. WLZ, 13 October 1922. See also WLZ, 30 September 1922, “Schauspielhaus Rheydt, Flachsmann als Erzieher” (concerning a play about a school that was published in 1900). BAK, NL 1118/113, newspaper’s dismissal note, 16 October 1922.
> 109. BAK, NL 1118/133, Lecture: “Ausschnitte aus der deutschen Literatur der Gegenwart,” 30 October 1922.
110. WLZ, 24 November 1922, “Der Bühnenvolksbund in Rheydt.”
111. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 23f.
112. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 25.
113. BAK, NL 1118/126, 17 February 1919 to Anka.
114. Thus in his 1924 memoirs referring to a short stay in Frankfurt am Main he used the phrase “Jewish city.”
115. On anti-Semitism after the First World War, see Walter, Antisemitische Kriminalität und Gewalt; Hecht, Deutsche Juden und Antisemitismus in der Weimarer Republik.
116. BAK, NL 1118/110, 22 December 1922, E.J. to J.G.; StA MG, NL Goebbels/45, E.J. to J.G., 24 December 1922.
117. BAK, NL 1118/110, E.J. to J.G., 11 February 1923 and 31 January 1923; her letter of 23 April 1923 (ibid.) reflects his depression.
118. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 25f.
119. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 25.
120. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 27.
121. See Thacker, Goebbels, 312f.
122. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 25.
123. Kölner Tageblatt, 24 June 1923. See also “Erinnerungsblätter,” 27. There he refers to a second article in the Kölner Tageblatt, which could not, however, be found. The fiasco article was published again in an amended version in the Völkische Freiheit of 4 November 1924.
124. NL 1118/126; Reuth, Goebbels, 62f.
125. NL Goebbels/45, no. 45.
126. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 26.
127. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 27f.
128. Rheydter Zeitung, 22 December 1923, “Schöpferische Kräfte. Richard Flisges, dem toten Freunde.”
129. BAK, NL 1118/110, E.J., 22 September 1923 on his search for work; H.G. to J.G., 18 September 1923.
130. StA MG, NL Goebbels/45, E.J. to J.G., 23 September 1923. Here there is also a copy of a letter from Goebbels in which he told Else that he was not going to return to the bank (22 September 1923). BAK, NL 1118/113 contains concerned letters from his father of 23 and 27 September 1923.
131. “Erinnerungsblätter,” 28.
2. “SPARE THE ROD AND SPOIL THE CHILD”
1. TB, 25 January 1924.
2. Reimer, Rheinlandfrage und Rheinlandbewegung (1918–1933), 296ff.; Schlemmer, “Los von Berlin,” 161ff.
3. Löhr, “Mönchengladbach im 19./20. Jahrhundert,” 174.
4. Waldecker, “Rheydt 1815–1974,” 289ff.
5. TB, 23 October 1923.
6. TB, 24 October 1923.
7. TB, 22 October 1923.
8. StA MG, NL Goebbels/45, no. 59a, 4 November 1923.
9. TB, 18 and 27 October, 4, 5, and 7 November 1923. On the separation, see TB, 9 November; the entries of 14 and 20 November and 5 December 1923 point to the reconciliation that followed.
10. TB, 27 October 1923.
11. TB, 31 December; 27 December (Dream).
12. TB, 21 January 1924.
13. TB, 27 October 1923.
14. TB, 5 and 31 December 1923, 5 January 1924.
15. TB, 2 November 1923; the project was already mentioned in 17 October 1923. On the summer of 1920 (my “Prometheus problem”), see also “Erinnerungsblätter,” 18; on the beginning of 1923 (“the problem of Prometheus”), see “Erinnerungsblätter,” 25.
16. TB, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10 November 1923.
17. TB, 12 November 1923.
18. TB, 18 November 1923.
19. Czapla, “Die Entfesselung des Prometheus.”
20. TB, 10 November 1923.
21. TB, 7 November 1923.
22. TB, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 23, 27, and 28 November 1923. The idea emerges for the first time on 5 November.
23. TB, 5 November 1923.
24. TB, 5 December 1923.
25. TB, 12 December 1923; see also 5 December 1923.
26. TB, 9, 10, and 18 January 1924, 10 March 1924.
27. TB, 13 December 1923.
28. TB, 27 December 1923.
29. TB, 18 January 1924: “Artists can be compared with God. God is greater because he created new things from nothing. Artists make new things from material that already exists.”
30. TB, 6 February 1924. See also the same formulation in the “Michael” manuscript (1 June).
31. For more on this, see Bärsch, Goebbels, 248ff.
32. See Czapla, “Entfesselung,” which quotes the poem “God”: “God is in me / and I in him.” NL 1118/126, “Aus meinem Tagebuch.”
33. TB, 14 January 1924.
34. TB, 18 January 1924.
35. TB, 10 and 23 November, 17 December 1923, 25 and 31 January, 16 February, 29 March 1924; on these musical experiences, see Thacker, Goebbels, 31, 37, 51, 60.
36. TB, 14 February 1924; see also TB, 18 January 1924 (The Idiot), TB, 13 and 20 February 1924 (The Devils) and 27 June 1924; 15 and 17 July 1924 (Netochka Nezvanova), 22 September 1924 (Humiliated and Insulted) and 21 and 26 February 1925 (The Brothers Karamazov).
37. TB, 30 January, 7 and 9 February 1924; by contrast he found What Is to Be Done? too West European (9 January 1925).
38. TB, 27 November, 5 December 1923.
39. TB, 20 and 19 December 1923.
40. TB, 15, 22, and 24 March 1924.
41. On the novel Black Banners, see TB, 1 November 1923. His Getting Married put him off (14 January 1924); on the novel Inferno, see also 25 February, 11 March 1924; on a performance of Dance of Death, see 7 April 1925.
42. TB, 5 November, und 5 December 1923.
43. TB, 23 October 1923.
44. TB, 23 July 1924.
45. TB, 25 May 1924.
46. TB, 10 and 14 November 1924.
47. TB, 29 August 1924 (about a visit to the Richartz-Museum in Cologne); 25 June 1925 (Düsseldorf Art Exhibition).
48. TB, 29 December 1923.
49. TB, 1 February 1924.
50. TB, 10 and 13 February 1924.
51. TB, 27 February–7 March 1924.
52. He had already determined to establish “the nicest possible monument” to his friend. TB, 11 December 1923.
53. Michael Voormann, Ein Menschenschicksal, BAK, NL 1118/127. See Hunt, Joseph Goebbels; Michel, Vom Poeten, 69ff.
54. BAK, NL 1118/127, entry of 15 September 1919. See also the phrases “His life, a sacrifice for humanity” (15 November 1919) and “He sacrificed himself for the idea of humanity!” (29 April 1920).
55. TB, 15 March 1924.
56. TB, 17 March 1924.
57. TB, 20 March 1924.
58. TB, 22 March 1924.
59. TB, 4 April 1924. On 10 June 1923 he had already written in “Michael” about the “fatherland”: “I rooted myself in your soil; you are the mother of my thoughts and dreams.” On 27 September he wrote of the “liberation of the maternal soil of Germany.”
60. TB, 3 April 1924.
61. TB, 24 and 26 March 1924.
62. TB, 26 March 1924.
63. TB, 29 March 1924.
64. TB, 31 March 1924.
65. TB, 3 April 1924; also 5, 16 (“No bastards as children”), and 21 April 1924, about his ambivalent attitude toward her.
66. BAK, NL 1118/113, letter to Rudolf Mosse, 22 February 1924.
67. TB, 26 March, 3 April 1924.
68. TB, 22 and 23 September 1924, mentions applications for editorial positions.
69. TB, 29 March 1924.
70. TB, 31 March 1924.
71. TB, 5 April 1924. A report of a Nazi functionary, Kreisamtsleiter, W. v. Ameln, provides information about its founding: “Die Stadt Rheydt und die Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei,” in Einwohnerbuch Rheydt 1936, 11f. See also Thacker, Goebbels, 35.
72. TB, 5 April 1924.
73. TB, 8 April 1924. On the origins of Goebbels’s anti-Semitism, see in particular Barth, Goebbels und die Juden, 36ff. However, Barth was not yet able to use the passages of the TB quoted here from spring 1924 for his study.
74. TB, 9 April 1924.
75. TB, 10 April 192
4.
76. TB, 10 April 1924; it is clear from the entries for 11 and 12 April that for the time being he had finished with the topic of anti-Semitism.
77. TB, 20 June 1924.
78. Rheydter Zeitung, 24 April 1924, Announcement of the election candidates of the Völkisch-Sozial-Block for the local government election in Rheydt.
79. TB, 29 April 1924, 1 May 1924.
80. TB, 29 April 1924; Rheydter Zeitung, 30 April 1924.
81. TB, 29 April 1924.
82. TB, 3 May 1924.
83. Rheydter Zeitung, 5 May 1924; on the election results, see also TB, 5 and 7 May 1924.
84. TB, 7 May 1924.
85. TB, 28 May 1924. In a leaflet of the Schillergemeinde (“Empor zu Schiller!”) there is a reference to the Deutsche Schillergemeinde Verlags-Gemeinschaft Duisburg. See also Deutsche Schillergemeinde, Satzungen (both in the Staatsbibliothek in Munich). Later, however, he tried unsuccesssfully to give talks under the auspices of the Schillergemeinde: TB, 23 May, 7 June 1924; also TB, 10, 12, 14, and 16 June 1924.
86. TB, 30 May 1924; see also 19 May 1924.
87. TB, 12 May 1924.
88. TB, 6 June 1924.
89. TB, 16 and 19 May (only for the quotation about the Center Party people).
90. TB, 6 June 1924.
91. TB, 14, 16, and 23 June (house search) 1924.
92. TB, 14 June 1924.
93. TB, 30 June, 4 July 1924. See 1 May 1924: “We are looking for a Bismarck, who will be able to implement our ideas in the real world.”
94. Sontheimer, Antidemokratisches Denken in der Weimarer Republik, 214ff.; Schreiner, “ ‘Wann kommt der Retter Deutschlands?’ ”
95. TB, 25 July 1923; Bärsch, Goebbels, 221.
96. TB, 26 May 1924, see also 7 June 1924.
97. TB, 2 and 4 July 1924.
98. TB, 4 July 1924.
99. TB, 7 and 9 July 1924.
100. TB, 7 July 1924.
101. TB, 14 July 1924.
102. TB, 30 July, 13 and 14 August 1924.
103. TB, 28 July 1924.
104. TB, 25 May 1924.
105. TB, 10 June 1924.
106. TB, 23 July 1924.
107. TB, in particular 9 May, 18 June (dream), 9, 14, and 21 July (dream) 1924.