The China-Pakistan Axis: Asia's New Geopolitics
Page 42
Shahi, Aga 31
Shalmo, Mayma Ytiming 68–9
Shandong, China 136
Shanghai, China 85, 93, 102, 169
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) 76, 133, 134, 141, 160
Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute 63
sharia law 113–14, 127
Sharif, Nawaz 16, 56, 59, 165–8, 171, 173–5, 178
Sharif, Raheel 176, 178
Sharif, Shahbaz 166, 173
Shawal Valley, Waziristan 145
Shenzhen, Guangdong 169
Shia Islam 172
Shichor, Yitzak 186
Shimshal pass 21
Shoaib, Muhammad 31
Shola e Jawed (Eternal Flame) 124
Shopping For Bombs 187
Shule County, Xinjiang 75
Siachen Glacier, Jammu and Kashmir 57
Sichuan, China 94
SIGINT (Signals Intelligence) 37
Sihanouk see Norodom Sihanouk, king of Cambodia
Sikkim 15, 18
Silk Road 2, 163, 169, 170, 178
Silk Road Economic Belt 169, 178
Simons, Thomas 49
Sindh, Pakistan 109, 165, 174
Karachi 18, 19, 40, 61, 73, 77, 93, 94, 100, 101, 103, 105, 115, 124, 154, 171
Ratodero 101
Singapore 101, 102, 105
Singh, Jaswant 58
Singh, Manmohan 170
Sino-Afghan Steel 140
Sino-Indian War 3, 21, 22–5, 122
Sino-Pakistani trade and economic cooperation 93–116
Sino-Soviet border conflict 14–15, 57
Sinohydro 108, 109–11
Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan 172
Smiling Buddha nuclear test 32
Soban, Mullah 137
Sons of the Conquerors: The Rise of the Turkic World 67
South China Sea 178
South Korea see Korea, Republic of (ROK) 119
‘South Tibet’ 53
Southern Silk Road 170
Soviet Union xi, 10, 12–15, 20, 22, 32, 33, 35–8, 39, 41, 44, 48, 57, 73–4, 77–9, 107, 109, 118, 122–6, 148, 149
1960–1989
Sino-Soviet split 20, 35
1962
Cuban Missile Crisis 22
1969
Sino-Soviet border conflict 14–15, 57
1971
Indo-Soviet Friendship Treaty 13
Indo-Pakistani War 10, 12–14
1979–1989
War in Afghanistan xi, 35–6, 72, 74–5, 77–9, 118, 122–6, 140, 149, 183
1991
dissolution 41, 71, 149
Spanta, Rangin 124
Spey jet engines 37
Spinkai Raghzai, South Waziristan 110
Sri Lanka 130
Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 57
Starr, Stephen Frederick 120
Xinjiang: China’s Muslim Borderland 187
State Council (China) 82
State Department (United States) 125, 153
Steinmeier, Frank-Walter 50
Stingers see FIM-92 Stingers
Strait of Malacca 12, 103
strategic and economic dialogue (S&ED) 159
Strike Hard campaigns in Xinjiang 70, 72, 75, 76
‘string of pearls’ 181
Sudan 104, 180, 183
Suez Canal 105
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia 43
Sultani, Sardar Mohammad 139
Sun Changsheng 117–18, 119
Sun Guoxiang 128
Sunni Islam 67
surface-to-air missiles 41
Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 88
Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 113–14, 115, 152
Switzerland 173
Syed, Anwar
China and Pakistan: Diplomacy of an Entente Cordiale 185
Syria 117, 179, 186
T59 tanks 108
Tablighi Jamaat 79
‘Tacksman’ listening stations 38
Taiwan 20, 21, 32, 40, 41, 48, 68, 131, 150
Taj, Nadeem 114
Tajikistan 69, 71, 76, 122, 125, 136
1992–1997 civil war 71–2, 75–6
Takhar, Afghanistan 136
Taliban x, xi–xii, xv, 4–5, 67, 73, 75, 79–83, 87–90, 111, 113–14, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 126–37, 147, 152–3, 161–2, 167, 172, 174, 178, 184
‘Talibanization’ 116
Tang Jiaxuan 59, 128
Tank, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 109
Tanzania 44, 127
Taxila, Punjab 48, 108
Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) 167
Tehrek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) xv, 89, 115, 148, 179
telecoms 108, 109, 113, 129, 132
Telegraph, The 117
Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama 21
Thailand 152
Thakot bridge 106
Thar coal project 98, 174
Tian Shan, Xinjiang 37
Tiananmen Square, Beijing
1989 protests 48, 149
2013 attack 176–7
Tibet 18, 20, 21–2, 53, 68, 70, 77, 87
1959 uprising 21
2008 Lhasa riots 87
Tokyo, Japan 170
Tomahawk missiles 44, 128
Tora Bora, Afghanistan 83
Tripoli, Libya 27, 35
Tulip Revolution (Kyrgyzstan) 134
Turdi, Guazlinur 84
Turkey 12, 69, 75, 76, 80, 142
Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP) 68, 84–6, 177; see also East Turkistan Islamic Movement
Turkistani, Abdul Haq 146
Turkistani, Abdul Shakoor 145–6
Turkmenistan 71, 169
Turner, Stansfield 38
Twin Peaks Crisis 60, 150
U Thant 10
UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) 64
UF6 (uranium hexaflouride) 32, 34
Uighurs xiv, 2, 4, 67, 68–76, 80–91, 110, 128–9, 134, 137, 145–8, 176–7, 179, 183, 186
United Arab Emirates (UAE) 68–9, 112, 119, 127, 165
United Kingdom 28, 109, 117, 118, 122, 134
United Nations (UN) 10, 11, 12, 15, 20, 24, 34, 47, 60, 61, 127, 128, 130, 132, 154
Al Qaeda and Taliban Sanctions Committee 61
Security Council 15, 60, 127, 154
United States x, 2, 3, 20, 28, 35–9, 41, 42, 43, 44–5, 47, 49, 55, 82, 96, 100, 103, 107, 109, 114, 118, 120–1, 123–6, 127, 130–43, 145–63, 170, 180
1950–1953
Korean War 32
1955
Taiwan Strait Crisis 32
1959
United states-Pakistan bilateral security agreement 11, 20
1962
Cuban Missile Crisis 22
Sino-Indian War 23
1965
Indo-Pakistani War 19
1971
Indo-Pakistani War 3, 9–12, 14
1979
establishment of diplomatic relations with China 33, 37–9
1979–1989
Soviet War in Afghanistan 35–6, 78, 123–6
1981
military and economic assistance agreement with Pakistan 36
1990
sanctions imposed on Pakistan 149
1991
sanctions imposed on China 41
1992
agreement to sell F-16 warplanes to Taiwan 41, 150
1998
United States-China Joint Statement On South Asia 56
East African embassy bombings 44, 127
cruise missile strikes on Afghanistan 44, 127
1999
Kargil War 58–9
2000
Bill Clinton makes state visit to India 55
USS Cole bombing 118
2001–2002
Twin Peaks Crisis 60, 150
September 11 attacks x, 4, 82, 89, 118, 120, 123, 126, 130–1, 147, 150
2001–2014
Afghanistan War x, xii, 4–5, 73, 83, 89, 109, 118, 120, 130–43, 151–2, 157–62, 163
2003–2011
Iraq War 150, 162, 163
2004
A.Q. Khan nuclear proliferation scandal 27–9, 35
2005
India-United States Civil Nuclear Agreement xi, 51, 53, 61, 62, 63, 107
2008
NSG meeting in Vienna 49–52
presidential election 152
2009
Kerry-Lugar bill 159
Camp Chapman attack 156
2010
arms sale to Taiwan 152
drone strike in Baghdis province, Afghanistan 146
drone strike in Zor Babar Aidak, Waziristan 146
International Conference on Afghanistan, Kabul 158
2011
Raymond Davis incident 156
assassination of Osama Bin Laden 16, 44, 155–7, 176, 184
NATO attack in Pakistan 160
International Conference on Afghanistan, Istanbul 142, 160
International Conference on Afghanistan, Bonn 142, 160
2012
Abu Yahya al-Libi killed in North Waziristan drone strike 146
Uzbeks killed in North Waziristan drone strike 146
drone strikes in Shawal Valley, Waziristan 145
United States Information Library 19
URENCO 29, 33
Urumqi, Xinjiang 34, 74, 84, 87, 128
Uzbekistan 71, 75, 76, 91, 110, 119, 133, 140–1, 146
Vajpayee, Atal Bihari 54–5
‘vice and virtue’ squads ix, xii
Vienna, Austria 49–52
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of 14
Vietnam, Socialist Republic of 96 Wahhabism 162
Wakhan corridor, Afghanistan 121–2, 123
Wakhjir pass 121
Waldorf Astoria, New York 11
Walmart 94
Walters, Vernon 35
Wana, South Waziristan 90
Wang Dongxing 94
Wang Ende 110
Wang Jianzhou 108
Wang Jisi 163–4
‘Westward: China’s Rebalancing Geopolitical Strategy’ 186–7
Wang Teng 110–11
Wang Yang 88
Wang Yi 117, 131–2
Washington Post 119
Washington Quarterly 187
Watan Group 139–41
Wazir Akbar Khan, Kabul 126
Waziristan xii, 68, 83, 85, 86, 89–90, 109–11, 145–6, 178, 179
Wen Jiabao 51
Western Military Road, China 22
World Bank 117, 136
World Trade Organization (WTO) 52, 168
World Uighur Congress 73, 87
Xi Jinping 5, 65, 94, 145, 168, 169, 177, 178
Xinhua 123
Xinjiang 2, 4, 5, 22, 68–76, 80–91, 98, 115, 121, 126, 128–9, 135, 137, 145–8, 152, 167, 168, 176–7, 179, 183, 186, 187
1988 protests against publication of The White House in the Distance 71
1990 Baren uprising 74, 75
1992 Urumqi bombings 74
1993 bombings 74
1996 Strike Hard campaigns 70, 72, 75, 76
1997 Urumqi bombings 74, 81
2008 China Southern Airlines bomb scare 84–5
2009 Urumqi riots 87, 152
2011 Kashgar attacks 85–6
2013 Tiananmen Square attack 176–7
2014 Kunming and Urumqi attacks 177
Xinjiang: China’s Muslim Borderland 187
Xiong Guangkai 1
Xuzhou 104
Yahya Khan, Agha 10, 13, 14
Yan’an, China 31
Yang Jiechi 51, 145, 158
Ye Hailin 97
‘China-Pakistan Relationship: All Weathers, But Maybe Not All-Dimensional’ 186
Yemen 104
Yuldashev, Tohir 75, 76
Yunnan, China 77, 85, 168, 170
Yusuf, Zäydin 74
Zaeef, Abdul Salam 128
Zardari, Asif Ali xvi, 96, 112–14, 147, 165, 166, 171, 173, 175
Zhang Jingchuan 172
Zhao Yuxi 187
Zhejiang, China 100, 168
Zhongnanhai, Beijing 176
Zhou Enlai 11, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 30, 76, 93, 96
Zhou Gang 27
Zhou Yongkang xiii, 142–3, 160
Zhu Rongji 59, 60, 93, 100
Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad 31, 35, 78, 79, 91, 106, 125–6, 149
Zimbabwe 180, 183
Zor Babar Aidak, North Waziristan 146
ZTE Corporation 108, 113, 129, 132
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Abbreviations
Prologue: In the Shadow of the Red Mosque
Introduction
1. A Friendship Forged by War
2. Nuclear Fusion
3. Re-hyphenating India
4. The Chinese War on Terror
5. The Trade Across the Roof of the World
6. Tea with the Taliban
7. Lord, Make them Leave—But Not Yet
Epilogue: The Dragon Meets the Lion
Note on Sourcing
Notes
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Index