The Drums of Change

by Janette Oke

  © 1996 by Janette Oke

  Published by Bethany House Publishers

  11400 Hampshire Avenue South

  Bloomington, Minnesota 55438

  www.bethanyhouse.com

  Bethany House Publishers is a division of

  Baker Publishing Group, Grand Rapids, Michigan.

  E-book edition created 2011

  All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.

  ISBN 978-1-5855-8734-6

  Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

  The Blackfoot group on the cover is from the photo “Into the Wilderness,” by Roland Reed, and was used by permission of the Kramer Gallery and Studio, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

  In memory of my mother,

  Amy Ruggles Steeves,

  a godly, loving woman

  who taught us to respect all people

  regardless of race or color,

  and to show that respect

  through an honest concern

  for their well-being.

  JANETTE OKE was born in Champion, Alberta, during the depression years, to a Canadian prairie farmer and his wife. She is a graduate of Mountain View Bible College in Didsbury, Alberta, where she met her husband, Edward. They were married in May of 1957, and went on to pastor churches in Indiana as well as Calgary and Edmonton, Canada.

  The Okes have three sons and one daughter and are enjoying the addition of grandchildren to the family. Edward and Janette have both been active in their local church, serving in various capacities as Sunday school teachers and board members. They make their home near Calgary, Alberta.

  Foreword

  This story has grown out of the early history of our province of Alberta. The history timeline will guide the reader through the actual events. The statistics given, the terms of the treaty, and even the words of the two great chiefs at the time of the signing of Treaty Number Seven have been taken from historical accounts. However, the story itself is totally fictional, and as such I have used some liberty in presenting the characters and their lifestyle.

  A number of missionaries came west to work among the tribes and to help establish schools. Accounts tell of their suffering along with the Indian people, sharing what little food they had once the buffalo were gone and medicines in times of epidemics. Their dedication deserves recognition, and I have written this story to help deepen our understanding of all whose lives were touched by that period of history with its dramatic time of great change.

  Contents

  1. Her World

  2. The Decision

  3. Summer Camp

  4. 1876–1877

  5. The Buffalo

  6. Loss

  7. To the Plains

  8. Boarding School

  9. Lessons

  10. A Visitor

  11. Striking Out

  12. Persistence

  13. Travel

  14. The Storm

  15. Reunion

  16. The Unexpected

  17. Care

  18. Choices

  19. Winter

  20. Into the Flames

  21. Release

  22. Chief Calls Through The Night

  23. The Book

  24. The Answer

  Characters

  Running Fawn—young maiden of the Blackfoot Nation, Blackfoot tribe.

  Moon Over Trees—her mother

  Gray Hawk—her father

  Little Brook—sister

  Crooked Moose—older brother

  Bright Star—younger brother

  Calls Through The Night—a tribal chief

  Silver Fox—chief’s son

  Martin Forbes—(Talks With Full Mouth—Man With The Book)—missionary

  One With The Wind, Laughing Loon—friends of Running Fawn

  Broken Tooth, Stands Alone—Indian boys

  Mrs. Nicholson, Miss Brooke, Otis—mission school employees

  Historical characters:

  Colonel MacLeod (Stamixotokon), Crowfoot, Red Crow, Medicine Calf, Bull Shield, Louis Riel, Sitting Bull, and a number of incidental characters.

  Historical Chronology of Events

  1837

  • Smallpox epidemic that wiped out two-thirds of the Blackfoot Nation.

  1855

  • U.S. tribes signed treaty.

  1866

  • Trouble in Montana called Blackfoot wars.

  1874

  • Arrival in the West of the North West Mounted Police.

  • (Drums of Change begins.)

  1876

  • Battle of Little Bighorn between Custer’s troops and Sitting Bull.

  June

  • Alberta Indians petitioned government—concern over number of white settlers.

  August

  • Treaty Number Six signed with Crees, Assiniboine, and Ojibwas.

  1877

  • Blackfoot Nation signed Treaty Number Seven at Blackfoot Crossing.

  • Prairie fires drove remaining buffalo herds into Montana.

  1878–79

  • Tribes followed the buffalo.

  1881

  • Buffalo gone, tribes straggled back to familiar grounds and many moved to Reserves.

  1882

  • Blackfoot Reserve divided into North and South Camp. Missions established, along with schools. Some children sent out to larger centers.

  1883

  • Canadian Pacific Railroad passed through close to the Reserve.

  1884

  • 234 acres of land under cultivation on Blackfoot Reserve.

  1885

  • Riel Rebellion

  • (Drums of Change ends.)

  1889

  • First coal mine opened by Blackfoot on their Reserve.

  1890

  • Death of great chief, Crowfoot. Government-appointed Indian agent, located on Reserve, now serving dominant role.

  1995

  • October 6, Calgary Herald) Chief Leo Youngman, last surviving direct relative of Chief Crowfoot, passed away at his home on the Siksika Nation Reserve. Youngman traveled to London in 1976 to invite Queen Elizabeth to visit Blackfoot Crossing in 1977 and attend the ceremonies marking the 100th anniversary of the signing of Treaty Number Seven. Prince Charles came in her place.

  Chapter One

  Her World

  The small figure silhouetted against the outcropping of granite stone was not leaning on it but just brushing against it, so she knew it was there. Her gaze took in the full scene before her. A contented sigh escaped into the stillness of the morning and brought a hint of a smile to childish lips. Of all the locations for their camps, this was her favorite. Her most favorite spot in her entire six winters. She loved it. Loved it. She wouldn’t have been able to express it in words, but it was more than love. It was a oneness with the surroundings, a oneness she felt in no other place. Like she belonged to the granite rock at her back, to the giant spruce and pine that covered the hillsides, to the call of the loon on the lake to her left, and to the gurgle of the spring that squeezed its crystal water from the rock crevice just up the slope from her. She sighed again, watching her breath in the frosty air, and lifted her face to let the morning sun brush it with gentle fingers of emerging warmth.

  It had been a chilly night. She had buried herself in her furs against the cold and snuggled up closely to the back of her older sister. But she could tell today would be fine. Already the sun was making the steam rise from the cold ground and frig
id stream water. Today she soon would stop shivering and perhaps even toss aside her heavy woven shawl. Perhaps … perhaps there would be many warm days before the deep snows wrapped the camp securely in blankets of winter white. She hoped so. She wanted time to become reacquainted with the place she loved. To wander through the woods and wade in the cold stream. To lie on her back in the tall meadow grasses and watch the vees of geese pass overhead on their way back to their southern homes. To pick the few remaining berries from the wild chokecherry bushes and search for the last remnants of summer wild flowers. She dared to hope there would be many nice fall days remaining, even though the limbs of the birch and poplar were already close to being bare, their summer’s green cloaks now spread like rustling gold on the forest paths.

  Her eyes took in a nearby poplar whose bare limbs were, for the moment, lavishly decorated with a colorful flock of migrating goldfinches. It was an awesome sight and one that made her heart beat faster. For an instant she imagined joining them and flying off on buoyant wings to wherever they were flying, gaily chattering at one another as they went on their exciting journey—and then she remembered where she was and quickly changed her mind. There was no place in the entire world that she would rather be.

  Suddenly she tensed and shifted her body. She lifted her head, tilting it slightly to catch a faint sound that reached her on the gentle wind that played with the loose dark hair against her cheek. She had not, as yet, redone her black braids. She pushed the strands of hair aside with a small, bronze hand so that her full concentration might be given to the sound. Yes. Yes, it was the call of a black bear. Not so much a call as a grunt. Likely a mother, urging her first-year cubs to hurry in their meandering forage for food before they would follow her to the den where she would spend one more winter with them.

  She smiled in delight. Wise beyond her years, she knew her people would be very pleased to know that a bear lived close by. Their food supply was assured. If food was scarce in the area, the bear would have moved elsewhere with her growing cubs.

  Suddenly she was in a hurry to complete her task and be off. She wanted to tell her family the good news. She would come back to her place for daydreams later. Later when the tasks around the tent home had been completed. Then she would enjoy the pleasures of the warm fall day and dream to her heart’s content.

  She reached down to retrieve the skin bucket she had placed on the ground at her feet and moved silently forward. The spring was filled with leaves and twigs of the summer months and would need to be cleared again before water could be scooped from the small pool at its base. She was too small to tackle the job herself, and that would be done quickly by one of the young boys. For now she would need only to dip from the flowing stream.

  Lightly she hurried back down the trail, her buckskin garments brushing silently against her bare ankles, her moccasins leaving soft feathery imprints in the brown dust of the path. She must get home with the water before her mother came looking for her. She already had earned the reputation of The Dreaming One, a title that she did not carry with honor, for there were many tasks to be done daily in the camp, and it took all hands to care for the needs of the people. She did not wish to be negligent in her duties—she just forgot to be diligent at times. Mother Nature beckoned and called to her. Pleaded with her to come and feast on the beauties and wonders that were spread before her ever-searching eyes.

  She had feasted her soul enough for one day, even though she longed to stay and enjoy the return to her favorite camp.

  But her mother would be waiting for the water, and her father would be pleased to hear that a bear shared their mountainside.

  Her mother lifted her face from the fire she was tending with small dry sticks. There was a hint of reproof in her dark eyes, but she did not raise her voice. In fact, it was several minutes before the woman spoke at all.

  The heavy kettle, purchased with beaver pelts from trappers who passed through the area, balanced on three stones over the dancing flames and now held the water from the stream. Already the bannock was cooking. Just looking at it made the little girl’s stomach rumble in anticipation.

  “I think we will make a name change,” said the mother in the soft tones of their simple native tongue.

  The girl frowned.

  The mother did not look up from her task.

  “Your father calls you Running Fawn. I think we should call you Three-leg Porcupine.”

  She knew her mother was teasing, yet there was enough truth to the comment to make her cheeks warm. With all four legs in good condition, a porcupine was the slowest creature of the forest. A three-legged porcupine would be slow indeed.

  But her mother quickly changed the topic of discussion. “Is the spring good?”

  It was a question of great importance. They needed the spring.

  “Yes.” She could not keep the enthusiasm from her voice. Her dark eyes had an even brighter sparkle. “And I heard a black bear—calling to her cubs,” she hurried on, happy that she was the one to first discover such an important fact.

  Her mother lifted her face, her own eyes reflecting the sparkle of the young girl’s.

  “That is good,” she said with a nod, almost as though she was now commending her daughter for lingering in the woods to bring the good news. “That is good,” she said again, turning back to the bannock.

  “Shall I tell Father?” asked the child eagerly.

  “He is with the horses,” replied her mother. “Will be here soon. And hungry.”

  “And Crooked Moose?”

  “With Father.”

  Running Fawn shifted lightly from one foot to the other. She was impatient to share her exciting information about the bear with someone else. Maybe her older sister.

  “Little Brook?” she inquired.

  “Gathering wood for fire,” replied her mother without lifting her eyes or her voice.

  There was silence for a few moments. Running Fawn shifted her weight again. Her mother did raise her eyes then. She even smiled her quiet smile.

  “You run,” she said good-naturedly. “Tell of bear.”

  Running Fawn did not stop to daydream or dawdle. On swift feet she ran toward the meadow where the horses were grazed.

  Her mother looked after her and shook her head as she chuckled softly. The young girl was now living up to her name. Perhaps they would not need to change it after all.

  During the daylight hours, the weather remained warm and sunny long enough for the camp to be well settled before winter began. There were many things that needed to be done so the people would be ready for the cold and snow. The work proceeded rapidly with every able pair of hands assuming the various tasks. Running Fawn felt as though she spent all her days on the path that led to the spring, carrying pail after pail of water for her mother’s use. It turned out that she had little time to dream or to bask in the color of the pleasant fall. Every day the calls of the geese and the persistent tugging of the brisk autumn wind reminded them that time for winter stores was soon coming to an end.

  The hunters had verified Running Fawn’s report that they shared their area with a mother black bear and two healthy cubs. The news brought much chatter around the campfires. It was the first time a bear had been seen at this location in the last three years. A fact that had been causing concern among the elders. They feared that their sure food supply was threatened and that wintering in the area might bring hardship to the group. But now with the presence of the mother and her offspring, who were still feeding on nearby grubs and leftover berries, the camp was in an almost jovial mood. Daily hunting parties went out and most often returned with game to be roasted over open fires or dried for future use.

  For Running Fawn the bear was more than good news. It was a wondrous reprieve. She had heard talk around the campfires indicating the possibility that this campsite no longer was able to meet the needs of the small band. The chief had even talked of searching for a different site when the camp moved from the summer grazing ground. Running
Fawn had been stricken when she heard the words. Her favorite spot. Not to see it again. She had wept silently when she went to her blankets that night, fighting to keep her sobs from waking her older sister.

  It was true that all the land was “good.” But this place—this place where she had first opened her eyes to look out upon a new world, this place of her birth, was especially dear to her heart. She had spent every one of her six winters in this camp. She couldn’t imagine life without it.

  With the small clearing near the spring occupied by a cluster of scattered tent homes, the bear moved her cubs a short distance downstream. Many times a day she lifted her long, sharp nose to check the wind for threatening scents. She carefully scanned a meadow before every appearance from the bush. Daily she grew a bit more nervous, a little more cautious, and coaxed her adventuresome cubs to stay a little closer to her side. They had grown well on the abundance of summer and were less attentive to her voice, so her patience was often worn thin, and an occasional cuff sent one or the other crying out in pain or rage. They could not understand the change in her behavior.

  Had the mother known, she would have relaxed her vigil. The nearby tents with their chattering occupants posed no threat to her existence. Indeed, they would have been willing to guard her against other intruders. She was a good omen. A “sister” in the wild. They kept their distance but read her signs and movements as thoroughly as one might read a book. The time when she would decide to forsake her feeding and retire to her den for the winter would give them indication of the kind of winter they too would face.

  The evenings were becoming increasingly chilly, and the she-bear had the urge to seek out a safe den and curl up with her growing cubs. But something drove her on, feeding and foraging for her cubs and adding more fat to the already thick layer that would be their winter insulation and nourishment. That, too, was noted.