I would also like to say how much I owe to Bea Hemming, who was my editor for so much of this book, to thank Linden Lawson for her copy-editing skills; and to express my gratitude to Alan Samson for his help and kindnesses and to thank Holly Harley and everyone at Weidenfeld & Nicolson who worked on it, and of course, Isobel Dixon, my agent and friend.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Adburgham, Alison, A Punch History of Manners and Modes, 1841–1940, Hutchinson, 1961)
Airlie, Mabell, Countess of, Thatched with Gold (Hutchinson, 1962)
Armstrong, B. J., A Norfolk Diary (George G. Harrap, 1949)
Ashenburg, Katherine, The Dirt on Clean (North Point Press, 2007)
Auchincloss, Louis, Maverick in Mauve: The Diary of Florence Adèle Sloane (Doubleday & Co., 1983)
Balsan, Consuelo Vanderbilt, The Glitter and the Gold (Harper & Brothers, 1953)
Banks, Elizabeth L., Campaigns of Curiosity: Journalistic Adventures of an American Girl in London (University of Wisconsin Press, 2003)
Bibby, E. K., Making the American Aristocracy: Women, Cultural Capital, and High Society in New York City, 1870–1900 (Digital Library and Archives, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
Blumenfeld, R. D., R. D. B.’s Diary, 1887–1914 (William Heinemann, 1930)
Blunt, Wilfrid Scawen, My Diaries (William Heinemann, 1953)
Brandon, Ruth, The Dollar Princesses (Alfred A. Knopf, 1980)
Buchan, Alice, A Scrap Screen (Hamish Hamilton, 1979)
Burke Roche, Mary, Call Me Maurice: The Life and Times of Lord Fermoy (1885–1955) (ELSP, 2008)
Burnett, John (ed.), Useful Toil (Allen Lane, 1974)
Cahill, Kevin, Who Owns Britain (Canongate, 2001)
Camplin, Jamie, The Rise of the Plutocrats: Wealth and Power in Edwardian England (Constable, 1978)
Cardigan and Lancastre, Countess of, My Recollections (Eveleigh Nash, 1909)
Carette, Madame, My Mistress, the Empress Eugénie, or, Court Life at the Tuileries (Dean & Son, 1889)
Collier, Price, America and the Americans from a French Point of View (William Heinemann, 1897)
Cooper, Nicholas, The Opulent Eye: Late Victorian and Edwardian Taste in Interior Design (Architectural Press, 1976)
Cowles, Virginia, Edward VII and his Circle (Hamish Hamilton, 1956)
Crook, J. Mordaunt, The Rise of the Nouveaux Riches (John Murray, 1999)
Dakers, Caroline, Clouds: The Biography of a Country House (Yale University Press, 1993)
Darwin, M. F., One Moral Standard for All (Caulon Press, 191–?)
Davidoff, Leonore, The Best Circles: Society, Etiquette and the Season (Croom Helm, 1973)
De Castellane, Boni, How I Discovered America: Confessions of the Marquis Boni de Castellane (Alfred A. Knopf, 1924)
Decies, Lady, King Lehr and the Gilded Age (J. B. Lippincott, 1935)
De La Haye, Amy, and Mendes, Valerie D., The House of Worth: Portrait of an Archive (V & A Publishing, 2014)
De Marly, Diana, Worth: Father of Haute Couture (Elm Tree Books, 1980)
Eliot, Elizabeth, They All Married Well (Cassell, 1960)
Escott, T. H. S:, Society in London (Chatto & Windus, 1885)
Fane, Lady Augusta, Chit-chat (Thornton Butterworth, 1926)
Fielding, Daphne, Emerald and Nancy (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1968)
Frewen, Moreton, Melton Mowbray and Other Memories (Herbert Jenkins, 1926)
Gabin, Jane S., American Women in Gilded Age London (University Press of Florida, 2006)
Gere, Charlotte, and Rudoe, Judy, Jewellery in the Age of Queen Victoria (The British Museum Press, 2010)
Glyn, Elinor, Romantic Adventure (Ivor Nicholson & Watson, 1936)
Good, V. K. L., The Warren House Tales: A Social History since 1865 (Third Millennium Publishing, 2013)
Gordon, Lois, Nancy Cunard: Heiress, Muse, Political Idealist (Columbia University Press, 2007)
Hickman, Katie, Courtesans (HarperCollins, 2003)
Horn, Pamela, Labouring Life in the Victorian Countryside (Gill & Macmillan, 1976)
Horn, Pamela, High Society: The English Social Élite, 1880–1914 (Alan Sutton, 1992)
Hoyt, Edwin P., The Vanderbilts and their Fortunes (Frederick Muller, 1963)
Hoyt, Edwin P., The Goulds: A Social History (Weybright & Talley, 1969)
Hutto, Richard Jay, Crowning Glory (Henchard Press, 2007)
Jackson, Lee, Dirty Old London: The Victorian Fight Against Filth (Yale University Press, 2014)
Kaplan, Justin, When the Astors Owned New York (Viking, 2006)
King, Greg, The Court of Mrs Astor in Gilded Age New York (Wiley, 2009)
Johnston, Johanna, Mrs Satan: The Incredible Saga of Victoria C. Woodhull (Macmillan, 1967)
Lambert, Angela, Unquiet Souls (Macmillan, 1984)
Ledoux, Kate Reid, Ocean Notes and Foreign Travel for Ladies (printed by J. W. Pratt, 1878)
Lee, Celia and John, The Churchills: A Family Portrait (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010)
Leslie, Anita, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill (Hutchinson, 1969)
Logan, Andy, The Man Who Robbed the Robber Barons (W. W. Norton, 1965)
Lucy, Mary Elizabeth, Mistress of Charlecote (Victor Gollancz, 1983)
Lutyens, Lady Emily, A Blessed Girl: Memoirs of a Victorian Girlhood, 1887–96 (Rupert Hart-Davis, 1954)
McAllister, Ward, Society As I Have Found It (Cassell, 1890)
McLaren, Angus, Birth Control in Nineteenth-Century England (Croom Helm, 1978)
MacPherson, Myra, The Scarlet Sisters (Twelve, 2014)
Mackenzie Stuart, Amanda, Consuelo and Alva (HarperCollins, 2005)
Mallet, Victor (ed.), Life with Queen Victoria: Marie Mallet’s Letters from Court 1887–1901 (John Murray, 1968)
Moore, George (ed. Rupert Hart-Davis), Letters to Lady Cunard, 1895–1933 (Rupert Hart-Davis, 1957)
Monkswell, Lady Mary (ed. Hon. E. C. F. Collier), A Victorian Diarist (John Murray, 1944)
Murphy, Sophia, The Duchess of Devonshire’s Ball (Sidgwick & Jackson, 1984)
Ponsonby, Sir Frederick, Recollections of Three Reigns (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1951)
Renehan, Edward J., Commodore: The Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt (Basic Books, 2007)
Reynolds, K. D., Aristocratic Women and Political Society in Victorian Britain (Clarendon Press, Oxford 1998)
Ribblesdale, Lady Emma, Letters and Diaries (The Chiswick Press, privately printed, 1930)
Richards, J. M., With John Bull and Jonathan (T. Werner Laurie, 1905)
St George, Andrew, The Descent of Manners (Chatto & Windus, 1993)
Scarisbrick, Diana, Ancestral Jewels (André Deutsch, 1989)
Sewell, Lt-Col. J. P. C. (ed.), Personal Letters of King Edward VII (Hutchinson & Co., 1931)
Smalley, George W., London Letters, Volume II (Macmillan & Co., 1890)
Smith, Joseph Aubin, Reminiscences of Saratoga; or, Twelve Seasons at the ‘States’ (Library of the University of California, 1897)
Steinbach, Susie L., Understanding the Victorians: Politics, Culture and Society in Nineteenth-Century Britain (Routledge, 2012)
Strange, Michael, Who Tells Me True (Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1940)
Taylor, Lou, Mourning Dress (George Allen & Unwin, 1983)
Titled Americans: The Real Heiresses’ Guide to Marrying an Aristocrat (The Hand-Book Library, 1890)
Tweedsmuir, Susan, The Lilac and the Rose (Gerald Duckworth, 1952)
Vanderbilt Jnr, Cornelius, The Vanderbilt Feud (Hutchinson, 1957)
Walkley, Christine and Foster, Vanda, Crinolines and Crimping Irons: Victorian Clothes, How They Were Cleaned and Cared For (Peter Owen, 1978)
Warren, Arthur, London Days (Little, Brown & Co., 1920)
Wharton, Edith, The Age of Innocence (D. Appleton & Co, 1920)
Wharton, Edith, A Backward Glance (D. Appleton-Century, 1934)
Wharton, Edith, The Buccaneers (Penguin Books, 1993)
Wilson, A. N., Victoria: A L
ife (Atlantic Books, 2014)
Wood, Mary and Alan, Silver Spoon: The Memoirs of Lord Grantley, (Hutchinson, 1954)
Manuscript Sources
‘Alva E. Belmont, a Forgotten Feminist’, PhD thesis of Peter Geidel, Columbia University, 1993.
New York Historical Society holds Log Book and Visitors’ Book of the Valiant, saying who sailed on her, parties etc.
‘New York Has a Ball: The Bradley Martin Extravaganza’, by Robert Muccigrosso, New York History, Vol. 75, No. 3 (July 1994), pp. 297–320, published by New York State Historical Association.
Iris Capell’s Myself When Young and Other Writings is a collection put together by her friends and printed by D. G. Seldon Printing, Ltd.
Certain of the Coventry papers are at Worcester Archives.
Lady de Grey letters are in the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre, Chippenham, Wiltshire.
Letters from Edward VII to Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome) are in the Churchill College Library, Cambridge.
The journals of Mary Theresa Leiter and Mary Leiter are at Chicago History Museum.
Shane Leslie papers, Georgetown University, Washington DC.
Lucy family archives, Warwickshire Record Office.
Anna Robinson letters are in the Manuscripts and Archives Department of the Hagley Museum and Library, Delaware.
The Isaac Sherman papers are at the Huntington Library, San Marino, California.
Edward Neufville Tailer’s diaries are in the library of the New York Historical Society.
Alva Vanderbilt’s unpublished autobiography and the Sara Bard Field correspondence is in the C. E. S. Wood Papers, Manuscript Department of the Huntington Library.
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney’s letters and diary are in the Smithsonian, Washington.
Edith Wharton papers, Beinecke Library, Yale University.
Newspapers Consulted
Chicago Sunday Sun, article by Dr Madison C. Peters, a New York divine, 3 April 1910
Chicago Tribune, 16 August 1890
Collier’s, 19 April 1947
Daily Alta, California, 17 March 1884
Lewiston Daily Sun, 20 January 1891
New York Times, numerous issues
Pittsburgh Daily Post, 15 July 1906
San Francisco Chronicle, 21 September 1919
Town Topics, weekly from 1885 to 1930, is available at the New York Public Library
INDEX
The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
Acton, Dr William, Functions and Disorders of the Reproductive Organs
actresses. See also courtesans; individual names
Adam, Juliette
Adeane, Marie
Adirondack Mountains
adultery
agriculture
Albany, Leopold, Duke of
alcohol: champagne; rum
Alen, James Van
Alexandra House, London
Alexandra, Queen (formerly Princess of Wales)
Alva (Vanderbilt yacht)
American Girl, The (musical)
Articles of Amendment
As We Were (Benson)
Asquith family
Asquith, Margot (née Tennant)
Assembly balls
Astor, Caroline (née Schermerhorn): and Alva Vanderbilt; annual ball; Bradley-Martin Ball; and Carrie (daughter); and Harry Lehr; husband’s infidelities; invitiations from; Knickerbocker society queen; ostentation; snubbed by Vanderbilts; and Ward McAllister; and William Astor
Astor, Carrie. See Wilson, Carrie (née Astor)
Astor family
Astor III, John Jacob
Astor, Jack
Astor, Mary (Mamie) Waldorf (née Paul)
Astor, Nancy
Astor, William Backhouse
Astor, William Waldorf
Aylesford, Lady Edith
Aylesford, Lord ‘Sporting Joe’
Bailey’s Beach, Newport
Bal Macaan, Scotland
‘Balaclava Charlie’ (Charles Bonynge)
Balfour, Arthur
balls, royal
balls, society
Banks, Elizabeth
Baril, Maria de
Baring, Cecil
Bartels, John
Bartels, Tennie. See Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)
bathrooms
Batonyi, Count Aurel (Cohen)
Beaulieu House, Newport
Beecham, Sir Thomas
Belgians, King of the
Bellwood, Bessie
Belmont, Alva. See Vanderbilt, Alva (née Erskine Smith, later Belmont)
Belmont, August
Belmont, Oliver
Bennett Jnr, James Gordon
Bennett Snr, James Gordon
Benson, E. F., As We Were
Bernhardt, Sarah
Bertie, Lady Charlotte. See Guest, Lady Charlotte (née Bertie)
Big Bonanza (mining)
Black Friday (1869)
Blandford, George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of. See Marlborough, John, 7th Duke of
Blenheim Palace
Blood, Colonel Edmund
Blood, Gertrude. See Campbell, Gertrude (née Blood), Lady Colin
Blumenfeld, Ralph. D.
‘Bonanza Queen’ (Louise Mackay)
Boni de Castellane. See de Castellane, ‘Boni,’ Comte
Bonynge, Charles William: background; ‘Balaclava Charlie’; broker; and George Deerhurst; Truth magazine; and Virginia
Bonynge family
Bonynge, Rodie (née Stephens, formerly Daniel)
Bonynge, Virginia. See Deerhurst, Lady Virginia (née Bonynge)
Boston Evening Transcript
Boston Symphony Orchestra
Bouguereau, William-Adolphe
Bowmont, Marquess of
Bradley-Martin Ball
Bradley-Martin, Cornelia. See Craven, Lady Cornelia (née Bradley-Martin)
Bradley-Martin, Cornelia (née Sherman)
Bradley-Martin family
Bradley-Martin, Mr
Bradley-Martin, Sherman
Brady, ‘Diamond Jim’
Brann, William Cowper
Bretagne (ship)
Brett, Sylvia
Bridge (game)
Britannia (yacht)
British Raj
Broadway
Bruce, General Robert
Brunswick Hotel, New York
Bryant, Edmond
Bryant, (Marie-)Louise. See Mackay, Louise (née Hungerford, formerly Bryant)
Buccaneers, The (Wharton)
Buckingham Gate, London
Buckingham Palace
Bulwer-Lytton, Lady, Emily
Burden, Jay
Burdett-Coutts, Angela
Burdett-Coutts, William Lehman Ashmead Bartlett
Burke family
Burke, James
Burke, Maud. See Cunard, Lady Maud (née Burke)
Butler, William Allen
Byron, Lord
Café de la Mort, Paris
Café Royal, London
Cairns, Arthur William, Earl. See Garmoyle, Arthur, Lord
Calvary Church, New York
Cameron, Elizabeth
Campbell, Gertrude (née Blood), Lady Colin
Campbell, Lord Colin
Canterbury, Archbishop of (John Morton)
Capell, George, 7th Earl of Essex. See Essex, George, 7th Earl of
Capell, Lady Iris Mary
Carlile, Richard
Carpentier, Horace
carriages
Cassiobury Park, Hertfordshire
Castellane, Anna, (née Gould) Comtesse de
Castellane, ‘Boni,’ Comte de
Castellane, Marquis de
Castlereagh, Lord
Cavendish, Lady Moyra
C
avendish, Richard
Central Park, New York
Chamberlain, Joseph
champagne
Charlecote Park, Warwickshire
Charlton Park, Wiltshire
Charteris, Evan
Château de Compiègne, Picardy
Chatsworth, Derbyshire
Chicago Sunday Sun
Chicago Tribune
Childe Harold (Byron)
Christian, Princess
church attendance
Churchill, Jennie, Lady Randolph (née Jerome): background; at Blenheim; and fashion; on society
Churchill, Lord Randolph
Churchill, Winston
Civil War, American (1861–5)
Claflin family
Claflin, Reuben Buckman (Buck)
Claflin, Roxanna (née Hummel)
Claflin, Tennie. See Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)
Claflin, Victoria. See Woodhull, Victoria (née Claflin)
‘Cliff Cottages,’ Newport
Cliveden House, Berkshire
clubs, New York
Coaching Club, New York
coats of arms
Collier, Price
Collier’s (magazine)
coming-out balls
Commercial Cable Company
Commissioners’ Plan (1811)
Connaught, Prince Arthur, Duke of
conversation
Cook, Francis, 1st Viscount of Monserrate
Cook, Lady Tennie (née Claflin, formerly Bartels)
Coombe Abbey, Warwickshire
Corelli, Marie
Cornwallis-West, George
Cornwallis-West, Jennie. See Churchill, Jennie, Lady Randolph (née Jerome)
country house weekends
courtesans
Cowes, Isle of Wight
Cowles, Virginia
Craven, Emily Countess of
Craven, Lady Cornelia (née Bradley-Martin)
Craven, William, 4th Earl of
Crawford, Frank. See Vanderbilt, Frank (née Crawford)
Cruger, Mrs Van Rensselaer
Cunard, Lady Maud (née Burke)
Cunard, Nancy
Cunard, Sir Bache
The Husband Hunters Page 32