by Peter Hart
9. Anzac: The Holding Pen
1.
J. Monash, quoted by F. M. Cutlack, War Letters of General Monash (Australia: Angus & Robertson Ltd, 1934), pp. 35–6.
2.
I. Hamilton, Gallipoli Diary, Vol. I (London: Edward Arnold, 1920), p. 144.
3.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: B. I. Wilson, typescript diary, 1/5/1915–3/5/1915.
4.
H. W. Murray, ‘The First Three Weeks on Gallipoli’, Reveille, 1/4/1939, p. 62.
5.
IWM Sound: H. Baker, AC 8721, reels 2–3.
6.
IWM Sound: H. Baker, AC 8721, reels 2–3.
7.
IWM Sound: H. Baker, AC 8721, reels 2–3.
8.
A. A. Orchard, ‘In Turkish Lines: Daring Patrols’, Reveille, 31/3/1932, p. 68.
9.
A. A. Orchard, ‘In Turkish Lines: Daring Patrols’, Reveille, 31/3/1932, p. 68.
10.
H. G. Viney, ‘Fatal Pause: General Sniped’, Reveille, 1/4/1933, p. 52.
11.
H. G. Viney, ‘Fatal Pause: General Sniped’, Reveille, 1/4/1933, p. 52.
12.
W. T. Bridges, quoted by C. D. Coulthard-Clark, A Heritage of Spirit: A Biography of Major-General Sir William Throsby Bridges (Carlton: Melbourne University Press, 1979), p. 175.
13.
J. Monash, quoted by F. M. Cutlack, War Letters of General Monash (Sydney: Angus & Robertson Ltd, 1934), pp. 35–6.
14.
IWM Docs: D. H. Hepburn, manuscript diary account, pp. 10–11.
15.
T. W. McNamara, ‘Memories of Gallipoli’, Reveille, 1/6/1936, p. 28.
16.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: C. R. Duke, typescript account, pp. 65–6.
17.
T. W. McNamara, ‘Memories of Gallipoli’, Reveille, 1/6/1936, p. 28.
18.
A. G. Salisbury, quoted by N. K. Harvey, From Anzac to the Hindenburg Line: The History of the 9th Battalion, AIF (London: Naval & Military Press, 2008 reprint), p. 70.
19.
A. Jacka, quoted by I. Grant, Jacka, VC: Australia’s Finest Fighting Soldier (Canberra: Macmillan Australia, 1989), p. 25.
20.
J. Adams, ‘A Gallipoli Invention: Beech’s Periscope Rifle’, Reveille, 1/7/1937, p. 28.
21.
IWM Docs, Rayfield Papers Collection: S. Aker, ‘The Dardanelles: The Ari Burnu Battles and 27 Regiment’.
22.
P. C. Fenwick, ‘Reminiscences of Anzac’, Reveille, 31/3/1932, p. 70.
23.
J. Monash, quoted by F. M. Cutlack, War Letters of General Monash (Sydney: Angus & Robertson Ltd, 1934), pp. 47–8.
24.
IWM Docs: C. H. Livingstone, typescript account, ‘Some Memories of Anzac’, p. 8.
25.
O. von Hersing, quoted by Lowell Thomas, Raiders of the Deep (Penzance: Periscope Publishing, 2002), p. 64.
26.
F. Brookes, quoted by S. M. Holloway, From Trench and Turret: Royal Marines Letters and Diaries, 1914–1918 (Portsmouth: Royal Marines Museum), p. 14.
27.
O. von Hersing, quoted by Lowell Thomas, Raiders of the Deep (Penzance: Periscope Publishing, 2002), pp. 64–5.
28.
W. G. Malone, edited by J. Crawford, No Better Death: The Great War Diaries and Letters of William G. Malone (Auckland: Reed Publishing Ltd, 2005), p. 235.
29.
W. G. Malone, edited by J. Crawford, No Better Death: The Great War Diaries and Letters of William G. Malone (Auckland: Reed Publishing Ltd, 2005), p. 236.
30.
W. G. Malone, edited by J. Crawford, No Better Death: The Great War Diaries and Letters of William G. Malone (Auckland: Reed Publishing Ltd, 2005), edited from pp. 276 & 283.
31.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: H. Bachtold, transcript, tape 250.
32.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: H. Bachtold, transcript, tape 250.
33.
E. Mack, combined quotes from J. Hamilton, Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You: The Fatal Charge of the Light Horse, Gallipoli, August 7th 1915 (Sydney: Pan Macmillan Australia, 2004), pp. 236 & 237.
34.
T. Henty, quoted by J. Hamilton, Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You: The Fatal Charge of the Light Horse, Gallipoli, August 7th 1915 (Sydney: Pan Macmillan Australia, 2004), p. 237.
35.
IWM Docs: T. S. Louch, typescript account, pp. 20–21.
36.
IWM Docs: W. E. Pheysey, typescript account, pp. 7–8.
10. Helles: The Real Fight for Gallipoli
1.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W & R Chambers Ltd, 1919), p. 142.
2.
A. R. Cooper (enlisted as C. J. de Bruin), http://www.greatwardifferent.com/Great_War/With_the_Foreign_Legion_in_Gallipoli/With_the_Foreign_ Legion_in_Gallipoli_01.htm.
3.
IWM Library, Special Collection: Major Mahmut, ‘Memoirs of the Battalion Commander Who Opposed the First Landings at Seddulbahr’.
4.
D. J. Moriarty, http://ww1.osborn.ws/.
5.
H. D. O’Hara, quoted by H. C. Wylly, Neill’s ‘Blue Caps’ (County Cork: Schull Books, 1996), p. 39.
6.
H. Feuille, Face aux Turcs: Gallipoli 1915 (Paris: Payot, 1934), p. 43.
7.
B. H. Smith, ‘Dardanelles Dilemma’, The Naval Review, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 84.
8.
C. Lister, quoted by Lord Ribblesdale, Charles Lister: Letters and Recollections (London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd, 1917), pp. 168–9.
9.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 28.
10.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 28.
11.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 29.
12.
D’A. Pomiro, Les Carnets de Guerre (Toulouse: Editions Privats, 2006), p. 107.
13.
O. L. von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey (Nashville, Tennessee: The Battery Press, 2000), p. 71.
14.
H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), p. 133.
15.
IWM Docs: G. B. Horridge, ‘War Memoirs’, p. 3.
16.
H. Feuille, Face aux Turcs: Gallipoli 1915 (Paris: Payot, 1934), pp. 53–4.
17.
D’A. Pomiro, Les Carnets de Guerre (Toulouse: Editions Privat, 2006), p. 110.
18.
IWM Sound: J. Murray, AC 8201, reel 7.
19.
C. Malthus, Anzac: A Retrospect (Christchurch: Whitcombe & Tombs Ltd, 1965), p. 68.
20.
C. Malthus, Anzac: A Retrospect (Christchurch: Whitcombe & Tombs Ltd, 1965), pp. 70–71.
21.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: E. W. Moorhead, typescript diary, 8/5/1915.
22.
C. T. Eades, ‘Krithia Fight: Turks Stood Pat’, Reveille, 1/9/1932, p. 31.
23.
I. Hamilton, quoted by C. F. Aspinall-Oglander, Military Operations Gallipoli, Vol. I (London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1932), p. 349.
24.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W & R Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 98–9.
25.
H. G. Lush Wilson, quoted in The Royal Artillery Commemoration Book (London: Bell & Sons Ltd, 1920), p. 58.
26.
IWM Docs: G. B. Horridge, ‘War Memoirs’, p. 12.
> 27.
IWM Docs: R. Sheldon, typescript account, p. 40.
28.
IWM Docs: T. Rowatt, manuscript account.
29.
IWM Docs: P. Duff, typescript letter, 15/5/1915.
30.
C. Watkins, ‘One Moment in Annihilation’s Waste’, The Gallipolian, no. 14, p. 22.
31.
IWM Docs: R. Sheldon, typescript account, p. 44.
32.
F. Jones, quoted in the Ashton Reporter, 19/6/1915, http://ashtonpals.webs.com.
33.
Second Lieutenant Fred Jones’s body was recovered and he now lies buried in the Redoubt Cemetery.
34.
T. Valentine, quoted in the Ashton Reporter, 7/8/1915, http://ashtonpals.webs.com.
35.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W. & R. Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 150–51.
36.
A. R. Cooper (enlisted as C. J. de Bruin), http://www.greatwardifferent.com/Great_War/With_the_Foreign_Legion_in_Gallipoli/With_the_Foreign_ Legion_in_Gallipoli_01.htm
37.
H. Feuille, Face aux Turcs: Gallipoli 1915 (Paris: Payot, 1934), p. 149.
38.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W. & R. Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 75–6.
39.
IWM Docs: D. N. Meneaud-Lissenburg, typescript, p. 125.
40.
Memoranda on Some Medical Diseases in the Mediterranean War Area with some Sanitary Notes (London: HMSO, 1916), p. 114.
41.
IWM Docs: D. N. Meneaud-Lissenburg, typescript, p. 126.
42.
W. B. C. Weld-Forester, From Dartmouth to the Dardanelles (London: William Heinemann, 1916), p. 152.
43.
W. B. C. Weld-Forester, From Dartmouth to the Dardanelles (London: William Heinemann, 1916), pp. 153–4.
44.
W. B. C. Weld-Forester, From Dartmouth to the Dardanelles (London: William Heinemann, 1916), pp. 154–5.
45.
Midshipman Torquil MacLeod, HMS Goliath, died 13 May 1915, aged fifteen.
46.
IWM Docs: C. G. Tennant, typescript account, pp. 8–9.
47.
E. Ashmead-Bartlett, Some of My Experiences in the Great War (London: George Newnes Ltd, 1918), pp. 130 & 131.
48.
G. MacMunn, Behind the Scenes in Many Wars (London: John Murray, 1930), pp. 142–3.
49.
H. Kitchener, quoted by C. F. Aspinall-Oglander, Military Operations Gallipoli, Vol. I (London: William Heinemann Ltd, 1932), p. 365.
50.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, p. 30.
51.
D. Joiner, ‘Y Beach: Memoirs of Soldiering’, Book 2, p. 15.
52.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 32.
53.
H. Kannengiesser, translated by C. J. P. Ball, The Campaign in Gallipoli (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1927), p.174.
54.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, p. 30.
55.
R. Savory, ‘Some Gallipoli Memories’, The Gallipolian, no. 10, p. 14.
56.
R. Savory, quoted by S. Chambers, Gully Ravine: Battleground Europe, Gallipoli (Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 2003), pp. 51–2.
57.
D. Joiner, ‘Y Beach: Memoirs of Soldiering’, Book 2, p. 17.
58.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W. & R. Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 181–2.
59.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W. & R. Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 182–3.
60.
IWM Docs: R. Sheldon, typescript account, pp. 47–8.
61.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, p. 31.
62.
IWM Sound: J. Murray, AC 8201, reel 9.
63.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 33.
64.
IWM Sound: J. Murray, AC 8201, reel 10.
65.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, p. 31.
66.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, pp. 31–2.
67.
J. Morten & S. Morten, I Remain, Your Son Jack: Letters from the First World War (Wilmslow: Sigma Leisure, 1993), p. 70.
68.
IWM Docs: J. S. Gatley, typescript diary account, p. 33.
69.
A. H. Mure, With the Incomparable 29th (London: W. & R. Chambers Ltd, 1919), pp. 182–3.
70.
R. D. Doughty, diary, 6/6/1915, http://www.thekivellfamily.co.nz/family_pages/ralphs_diaries/Ralph_Doughty.html.
71.
IWM Docs: B. Bradshaw, typescript letter/diary, p. 18.
72.
Second Lieutenant Bertie Bradshaw is buried in Twelve Tree Copse Cemetery.
73.
F. Charles-Roux, L’Expedition des Dardanelles (Paris: Armand Colin, 1919), p. 146.
11. Helles: Writing on the Wall
1.
J. Leymonnerie, Journal d’un poilu sur le front d’Orient (Paris: Pygmalion, 2003), pp. 107–8.
2.
National Library of Scotland: D. Haig letter to C. Wigram, 27/6/1915.
3.
R. Weil, quoted in Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 35.
4.
J. Leymonnerie, Journal d’un poilu sur le front d’Orient (Paris: Pygmalion, 2003), p. 106.
5.
IWM Docs: A. M. McCracken, typescript account, p. 53.
6.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: C. Thierry, typescript translation of diary, 21/6/1918.
7.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 36.
8.
H. Simpson Baikie, quoted by R. R. Thompson, The Fifty-second (Lowland) Division (Glasgow: Maclehose, Jackson & Co., 1923), p. 48.
9.
S. W. Evans, ‘My Gallipoli Story’, The Gallipolian, no. 46, p. 21.
10.
D. Joiner, ‘Y Beach: Memoirs of Soldiering’, Book 3, p. 8.
11.
J. M. Findlay, With the Eighth Scottish Rifles, 1914–1919 (London: Blackie & Son, 1926), pp. 34–5.
12.
Second Lieutenant Robert Pattison. No known grave.
13.
Captain Charles Bramwell. No known grave.
14.
J. M. Findlay, With the Eighth Scottish Rifles, 1914–1919 (London: Blackie & Son, 1926), pp. 36–7.
15.
Lieutenant Thomas Stout. No known grave.
16.
J. M. Findlay, With the Eighth Scottish Rifles, 1914–1919 (London: Blackie & Son, 1926), p. 37.
17.
D. Joiner, ‘Y Beach: Memoirs of Soldiering’, Book 3, pp. 12–13.
18.
D. Joiner, ‘Y Beach: Memoirs of Soldiering’, Book 3, p. 14.
19.
Sergeant Victor Rathfelder. No known grave.
20.
R. F. E. Laidlaw, ‘Gallipoli, 1915’, The Gallipolian, no. 32, p. 23.
21.
R. Weil, quoted in Association des Dardanelles, Dardanelles Orient Levant, 1915–1921 (Paris: L’Harmattan, 2005), p. 37.
22.
Brotherton Special Collections Library, Leeds University, Liddle Collection: Ashir Arkayan, TI 01, manuscript transcript of interview, p. 4.
23.
H. Feuille, Face aux Turcs: Gallipoli 1915 (Paris: Payot, 1934), pp. 124–5.
24.
Rifaat, quoted by R. R. Thompson, The Fifty-second (Lowland) Division (Glasgow: Maclehose, Jackson & Co., 1923), pp. 69–70.
25.
C.
Lister, quoted by Lord Ribblesdale, Charles Lister: Letters and Recollections (London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd, 1917), pp. 209–10.
26.
IWM Docs: J. S. Millar, typescript account, p. 17.
27.
D’A. Pomiro, Les Carnets de guerre (Toulouse: Editions Privats, 2006), p. 183.
28.
J. Harrison, quoted by G. Richardson, For King, Country and the Scottish Borderers (Hawick: Buccleuch Printers, 1987), p. 48.
29.
T. Richardson, quoted by W. Sorley-Brown, War Record of 4th Battalion KOSB and Lothians and Border Horse (Galashiels: John McQueen & Son, 1920), pp. 23–6.
30.
G. Davidson, The Incomparable 29th and the River Clyde (Aberdeen: James Gordon Bisset, 1920), p. 130.