Mark Twain: A Life
Page 98
27. Rochester Evening Express, September 1, 1874; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 216 op. cit.
28. Letter to William Dean Howells, September 2, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 217.
29. “A True Story,” in Mark Twain’s Sketches, OMT, p. 204.
30. Ibid., p. 207.
31. Letter to Howells, September 2, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 217.
32. Letter to Howells, September 20, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 233.
33. Howells, “Recollections of an Atlantic Editorship,” Atlantic (November 1907); quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 219.
34. Letter to Rachel Gleason, September 12, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 231.
35. Andrew Carpenter Wheeler (“Nym Crinkle”), review in New York World, September 17, 1874; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 645.
36. Ibid., pp. 650–51.
37. Ibid., p. 651.
38. Margaret Duckett, Mark Twain and Bret Harte (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1964), pp. 121–22.
39. Wheeler, review; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 648.
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid., p. 649.
42. Letter to Robert Watt, January 26, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 359.
43. Letter to Howells, October 3, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 247.
44. Letter from Howells to Clemens, September 30, 1874, Ibid.
45. Letter to Howells, October 24, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 261.
46. Ibid., p. 262.
47. Ibid.
48. Howells, letter, November 23, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 295.
49. Letter to Howells, December 3, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 304.
50. Letter to Olivia Clemens, November 12, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 278.
51. Ibid.
52. Howells, letter, November, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 282.
53. Howells, Selected Letters, vol. 2, 1873–1881; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 282.
54. Letter to Howells, November 14, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 285.
55. Howells, letter, December 11, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 312.
56. Autobiographical dictation, 1907; in MTL, vol. 6, p. 309.
57. Boston Globe, December 16, 1874; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 318.
58. Letter from Howells to Clemens, December 11, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 312.
59. Notation on an envelope from Aldrich dated January 1, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 337.
60. William Dean Howells, “Henry James, Jr.,” in The Century, November 1882, cited in “Henry James, The Portrait of a Lady,” the Harvard Classics Shelf of Fiction,
1917. “Great Books Online,” www.bartleby.com.
61. Letter to William Dean Howells, July 21, 1885, MTHL.
31: THE MAN IN THE MOON
1. Elaine Showalter, The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830–1980 (New York: Pantheon Books, 1985).
2. Letter to James Redpath, November 29, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 298.
3. Letter to William Dean Howells, December 21, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 326.
4. Howells, letter, December 3, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 301.
5. Howells, letter, January 12, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 351.
6. Howells, letter, May 20, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 483.
7. Howells, letter, December 11, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 312.
8. Letter to Howells, December 14, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 316.
9. Letter to Howells, January 15, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 350.
10. Letter to Howells, November 20, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 294.
11. Letter to Howells, November 25, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 295.
12. Letter to Howells, December 8, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 306.
13. Letter from P. T. Barnum to Mark Twain, January 19, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, pp. 369–70.
14. Ibid.
15. “Recollections of an Atlantic Editorship,” by William Dean Howells, Atlantic (November 1907); quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 339.
16. June 8, MTL, vol. 6, p. 494. This was William F. Gill, a publisher who was compiling selections for an announced Treasure Trove series of famous authors’ works.
17. Howells, letter, December 19, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 327.
18. Howells, letter, January 10, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 349.
19. Letter to Howells, January 12, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 348.
20. Letter to Howells, February 10, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 378.
21. Letter to James Osgood, February 12, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 381.
22. Letter to P. T. Barnum, February 19, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 389.
23. Letter to Elinor and William Dean Howells, February 14(?), 1875; MTL, vol. 6, pp. 385–86.
24. Letter to Elisha Bliss, March 1, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 395.
25. Letter to Orion Clemens, March 1, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 396.
26. Letter to Orion Clemens, March 27, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 427.
27. Letter to Howells, March 16, 1875, MTL, vol. 6, p. 414.
28. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, April 23, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 454.
29. Telegram to Dan De Quille, March 29, 1875, MTL, vol. 6, p. 432.
30. Letter to Dan De Quille, March 29 and April 4, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 434.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid., p. 435.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid., p. 434.
36. Ibid., pp. 435–36.
37. Ibid., p. 436.
38. Ibid.
39. Howells, letter, July 3, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 504.
40. “A Family Sketch,” unpublished manuscript, 1906, James S. Copley Library, La Jolla, Calif.; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, pp. 415–16.
41. Autobiographical dictation, April 11, 1907; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 416.
42. “A Family Sketch.”
43. MTB, vol. 2, p. 574.
44. New York Sun, April 15, 1875; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 448.
45. Joseph Twichell, “Personal Journal,” Joseph Twichell Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 448.
46. Quoted in MTL, vol. 6, p. 488.
47. Letter to Pamela Clemens, July 23, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 515.
48. Letter to Howells, July 5, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 503.
49. Ibid., p. 504.
50. Ibid.
51. Letter to Howells, July 13, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 509.
52. Howells, letter, July 8, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 510.
53. Howells, letter, November 21, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 595.
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. Letter to Clemens, Ibid.
57. Ibid.
58. “Adventures of Tom Sawyer,” OMT, p. 275.
59. For further discussion, see MTL, vol. 6, p. 596, n. 4.
60. Letter from Howells to Clemens, November 5, 1875, MTL vol. 6, p. 584.
61. Letter to Joseph Twichell, December 29 or 30, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, p. 606.
62. MTL, vol. 6, p. 597.
63. Letter to Susy Clemens, December 25, 1875; MTL, vol. 6, pp. 604–6.
32: “IT BEFELL YT ONE DID BREAKE WIND…”
1. Letter to William Dean Howells, January 18, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 121.
2. Letter to Moncure Conway, January 5, 1876; MTP.
3. Letter to Howells, January 18, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 121.
4. Ibid.
5. Howells, letter, January 19, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 124.
6. “Adventures of Tom Sawyer,” OMT, p. 162.
7. Letter to Elisha Bliss, March 19, 1876, MTP.
8. Letter to Conway, April 9, 1876, MTP.
9. Letter to Howells, April 26, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 132.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Letter to Howells, April 3, 1876; MTP.
13. Review of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, in the May 1876 edition of the Atlantic; MMT, p. 105. (Howells incorrectly dated the review December 1875.)
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid., pp. 106–7.
16. Letter to Elisha Bliss, June 24, 1876; MTP.
17. Letter to Howells, March 13, 1876; MTP.
18.
“The Facts Concerning the Recent Carnival of Crime in Connecticut,” in TheStolen White Elephant and Other Detective Stories, OMT, p. 106.
19. Ibid.
20. Letter to Howells, August 9, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 144.
21. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, August 4, 1876; MTMF, p. 201.
22. Letter to John Brown, June 22, 1876; 01343, Electronic edition.
23. Letter to Howells, August 9, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 143.
24. Ibid.
25. Autobiographical dictation, 1906, CU-MARK.
26. As reported by Rufus Rockwell Wilson and Otilie Erikson Wilson in “Mark Twain’s Days in Elmira” in the collection, “Mark Twain in Elmira,” Elmira: Primavera Press, 1947, p. 5.
27. Ibid., pp. 143–44.
28. Letter to Will Bowen, August 31, 1876; MTP.
29. Ibid.
30. “Letter to John Burrough, November 1, 1876, Mark Twain’s Letters, vol. 1, edited by Albert Bigelow Paine (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1917), p. 290.
31. Ibid.
32. Letter to Howells, January 10 or 11, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 119.
33. Howells, letter, November 30, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 165.
34. Howells, letter, January 27, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 124.
35. Howells, letter, August 20, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 145.
36. Letter to Howells, October 11, 1876; MTP.
37. Howells, letter, August 5, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 142.
38. Letter to Howells, July 15 or 22, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 193.
39. Letter to Howells, December 21, 1874; MTL, vol. 6, p. 326.
40. Howells, letter, August 5, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 142.
41. Quoted by Gary Scharnhorst in “ ‘Ways That Are Dark’: Appropriations of Bret Harte’s ‘Plain Language from Truthful James.’ ” Nineteenth-Century Literature, vol. 51. (December 1996); republished at www.ucpress.edu/scan/nel-e/513/articles/ scharnhorst.art513.html.
42. Letter to Howells, October 11, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 157.
43.1601, and, Is Shakespeare Dead? OMT, pp. iii–iv.
44. Ibid., p. v.
45. MTB, vol. 2, p. 581.
46. Letter to Howells, August 23, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 146.
47. Letter to Howells, September 14, 1876; MTP.
48. Boston Transcript, quoted in MTHL, vol. 1, p. 156.
49. Paraphrase of letter, Hartford Courant, September 24–30, 1876; MTP.
50. Letter to Howells, November 8, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, p. 162.
51. “Mark Twain’s New Book,” Hartford Times, December 20, 1876; in Mark Twain:The Contemporary Reviews, edited by Louis J. Budd (Edinburgh: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
52. Review, New York Times, January 13, 1877; in Mark Twain: The Critical Heritage, edited by Frederick Anderson, assisted by Kenneth M. Sanderson (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971), p. 70.
53. Ibid.
54. Moncure D. Conway, review in London Examiner, in Anderson, ed., Mark Twain: The Critical Heritage, p. 63.
55. London Examiner [unsigned; Moncure D. Conway], June 17, 1876, etext.virgini.edu/railton/tomsawyer/londonex.
33: GOD’S FOOL
1. Printed form letter with facsimile signature, dated “HARTFORD…1877,” Electronic Text 1877, 01399.
2. Draft form letter, CU-MARK, written and used between 1877 and 1880, Electronic Text 1877, 00593.
3. Letter from C. P. Sullivan, Lina Creek, Laurens County, South Carolina, March 24, 1880, CU-MARK 32739.
4. Letter from J. L. Goodloe, Memphis, Tennessee, October 8, 1877, CU-MARK, 32579.
5. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, September 23, 1879, 01692, MTMF, p. 233.
6. Letter to Jane Clemens, February 17, 1878, MTL, vol. 1, pp. 319–20, CU MARK 01530.
7. Letter from Ola A. Smith, Haverhill, Massachusetts, April 18, 1880, CU-MARK 32762.
8. Letter from Edson Q. Beebe, Montrose, Pennsylvania, March 30, 1880, CU-MARK 32743.
9. Letter from W. D. Wells, Jesup, Iowa, November 6, 1877, CU-MARK 32597.
10. Letter from John, H. P., C. Mi, and L. W. Napton, Eelkill, Missouri, December 4, 1877. CU-MARK 32606.
11. “Nature,” in “Ralph Waldo Emerson: Selected Essays,” edited by Larzer Ziff (New York: Penguin Classics, 1985), p. 78.
12. Letter to Howells, October 11, 1876; MTHL, vol. 1, pp. 157–58.
13. Letter to Hjalmar H. Boyesen, January 17, 1877, Electronic Text 1877, 12673.
14. Letter to Francis Bliss, January 24, 1877, Electronic Text 1877, 01163.
15. Letter to Bayard Taylor, January 24, 1867, Electronic Text 1877, 01403.
16. Letter to Pamela Moffett, January 19, 1877, Electronic Text 1877, 02801.
17. Letter from Clemens and Olivia Clemens to Mrs. Langdon, February 2 and 4, 1877, 01405.
18. Letter to Pamela Moffett, February 27, 1877; MTP.
19. MTA, p. 298.
20. Ibid., pp. 298–99.
21. Ibid., p. 304.
22. Margaret Duckett, Mark Twain and Bret Harte (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1964).
23. Letter to Olivia Clemens, April 26, 1877; MTL 1876–1880, electronic edition, vol. 2.
24. Notebooks & Journals II, p. 12.
25. Ibid. p. 31.
26. Ibid., p. 21.
27. Ibid., p. 30.
28. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, August 6, 1877; MTP.
29. DeLancey Ferguson, “Mark Twain’s Lost Curtain Speeches,” South Atlantic Quarterly, vol. 42 (July 1943), p. 269; quoted in Duckett, Mark Twain and Bret Harte, p. 153.
30. Ibid.
31. Letter to Olivia Clemens, July 15, 1877; MTP.
32. Olivia Clemens, letter, July 29, 1877; LLMT, vol. 1, p. 203.
33. Duckett, p. 153.
34. Ibid.
35. Clara Clemens, My Father: Mark Twain, Harper: New York and London, 1931, p. 62.
36. Ibid., p. 62.
37. Ibid.
38. Letter to Dr. John Brown, August 25 and 27, 1877; MTP.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid.
42. Letter to Howells, June 27, 1878; MTP.
43. Howells; MMT, p. 58.
44. Orion Clemens, letter, December 15, 1877; MTP.
45. Letter to Orion Clemens, December 19, 1877; MTP.
46. Letter to Howells, March 23?, 1877; MTP.
47. Boston Journal, December 18, 1877; quoted in Henry Nash Smith, “That Hideous Mistake of Poor Clemens’s!” Harvard Library Bulletin, vol. 9 (Spring 1955), p. 151.
48. “The Story of a Speech,” in Speeches, OMT, p. 2.
49. Ibid., p. 5.
50. Ibid., p. 7.
51. Ibid., pp. 11–12.
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid., p. 13.
54. Ibid., p. 14.
55. Smith, “That Hideous Mistake,” pp. 146–47.
56. Ibid., p. 154.
57. Howells, MMT, p. 50.
58. Ibid., p. 52.
59. Letter to Emerson, Longfellow, and Holmes, December 27, 1877, 01184, Smith, p. 164.
60. Ibid.
61. Smith, p. 165.
62. Letter from Longfellow to Clemens, January 6, 1878, CU-MARK, Smith, p. 167.
63. Letter from Ellen T. Emerson to Olivia Clemens, December 31, 1877, CU-MARK, Smith, p. 166.
64. Edward B. Osborn, writing in the London Morning Post, cited in Literary Digest, July 12, 1919; quoted in Smith, “That Hideous Mistake,” pp. 165–66.
34: ABROAD AGAIN
1. Letter to William Dean Howells, December 28, 1877; MTP.
2. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, February 5, 1878; MTMF, p. 219, 01528.
3. Letter to Jane Clemens, February 17, 1878; MTP.
4. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, March 9, 1878; MTP.
5. See especially Fanning, Mark Twain and Orion Clemens, Chapter 4.
6. Letter to Orion Clemens, February 21, 1878; MTP.
7. Letter to Orion Clemens, March 23, 1878; MTL. vol. 1, p. 322.
8. N&J, vol. 2, p. 64.
9. Letter to How
ells, May 4, 1878.
10. Letter to Charles Dudley Warner, June 16, 1878; MTP.
11. Letter to Howells, May 4, 1878.
12. Letter to Howells, May 26, 1878; MTP.
13.A Tramp Abroad, OMT, p. 31.
14. Letter to Howells, June 27, 1878; MTP.
15. Ibid.
16. N&J, vol. 2, p. 89.
17. Ibid., p. 81.
18. Ibid., p. 80.
19. Ibid., p. 67.
20. Ibid., p. 140.
21. Ibid., p. 74.
22. Ibid., p. 146.
23. Ibid., p. 147.
24. Ibid., p. 80.
25. Ibid., p. 149.
26. Ibid., p. 92.
27. Ibid., p. 93.
28. Ibid., p. 139.
29.A Tramp Abroad, p. 83.
30. N&J, vol. 2, p. 123.
31. Letter to Howells, January 30, 1879; MTP.
32. N&J, vol. 2, p. 145.
33.A Tramp Abroad, p. 103.
34. N&J, vol. 2, p. 118.
35. Ibid., p. 132.
36. Ibid., p. 134.
37.A Tramp Abroad, p. 124.
38. Ibid., p. 126.
39. Ibid., p. 156.
40. Ibid., pp. 182–83.
41.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, OMT, p. 130.
42. Justin Kaplan, Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1966), p. 219.
43. N&J, vol. 1, p. 160.
44. Joseph Twichell, letter, cited in MTB, vol. 2, p. 629.
45. Ibid.
46. Letter to Jane and Pamela Clemens, December 1, 1878; MTP.
47. Letter to Olivia Lewis Langdon, December 2, 1878; MTP.
48. Letter to Bayard Taylor, September 8, 1878; MTP.
49. Ibid., December 14, 1878; MTP.
50.A Tramp Abroad, p. 37.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid., p. 38.
53. Letter to Howells, January 30, 1879; MTP.
54. Letter to Howells, January 21, 1879; MTP.
55. Ibid.
56. N&J, vol. 2, p. 304.
57. Letter to Howells, February 9, 1879; MTP.
58. Ibid.
59. Ibid.
60. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, March 6, 1879; MTP.
61. Ibid.
62. Letter to the New York Evening Post, May 20–25, 1879.
63. Ibid.
64. N&J, vol. 2, p. 306–7.
65. Ibid., p. 336.
66. Ibid., p. 310.
67. Ibid., p. 309.
68. Letter to Mary Fairbanks, March 6, 1879; MTP.
69. Letter to Twichell, June 10, 1879; MTP.
70. Letter to Orion Clemens, May 29, 1879; MTP.