Atrocities, Diamonds and Diplomacy

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Atrocities, Diamonds and Diplomacy Page 30

by Peter Penfold


  MILO Military Liaison Officer

  MRD Movement for the Restoration of Democracy

  MSF Médecins Sans Frontières

  NGO Non-governmental organization

  NPFL National Patriotic Front of Liberia

  NPRC National Provisional Ruling Council

  ODA Overseas Development Organization (later changed to DFID)

  OAU Organization of African Unity (later became AU)

  OBE Officer of the Order of the British Empire

  PDP People’s Democratic Party

  PUS Permanent Under-Secretary

  QBP Queen’s Birthday Party

  RMP Royal Military Police

  RPG Rocket-propelled grenade

  RRR Reconstruction, rehabilitation and resettlement

  RUF Revolutionary United Front

  SAS Special Air Service

  SLBS Sierra Leone Broadcasting Service

  SLPP Sierra Leone People’s Party

  SLSC Sierra Leone Special Court

  SSD Special Security Division

  TRC Truth and Reconciliation Commission

  UN United Nations

  UNCHR United Nations Commission for Human Rights

  UND United Nations Department

  UNDP United Nations Development Programme

  UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees

  UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund

  UNOMSIL United Nations Observer Mission to Sierra Leone (later changed to UNAMSIL – United National Mission in Sierra Leone)

  UNPP United National People’s Party

  USAID United States Agency for International Development

  WAWA ‘West Africa Wins Again’

  WFP World Food Programme

  WNAD West and North Africa Department (DFID)

  Bibliography

  Ashby, Phil, Unscathed – Escape from Sierra Leone, Macmillan, 2002.

  Dowden, Richard, ICC in the Dock, Prospect, May 2007.

  Foreign Affairs Committee, Sierra Leone, Second Report, Vols 1&2, House of Commons, London: The Stationery Office, 1999.

  Fowler, William, Operation Barras, The SAS Rescue Mission: Sierra Leone 2000, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004.

  Gberie, Lansana, A Dirty War in West Africa – The RUF and the Destruction of Sierra Leone, C. Hurst & Co, 2005.

  Gberie, Lansana (ed), Rescuing a Fragile State – Sierra Leone 2002 – 2008, LCMSDS Press of Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, 2009.

  Geraghty, Tony, The Bullet Catchers – Bodyguards and the World of Close Protection, Grafton Books, 1988.

  Hirsch, John, Sierra Leone – Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy, International Peace Academy Occasional Paper Series: Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc., 2001.

  Human Rights Watch, Getting Away with Murder, Mutilation and Rape – New Testimony From Sierra Leone, Vol II, No. 3(A), June 1999.

  Legg, Sir Thomas, Report of the Sierra Leone Arms Investigation, House of Commons, London: The Stationery Office, 1998.

  Médecins Sans Frontières, Mutilations of Civilians in Sierra Leone – One Month of Surgical Activities in Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone, May 1999.

  Parris, Matthew, Parting Shots, Viking, 2010.

  Penfold, Peter, The Tangled Web of Sierra Leone’s Special Court, Africa Analysis, No. 491, April 2006.

  Ross, Hamish, From SAS to Blood Diamond Wars, Pen & Sword, 2011.

  Scully, Will, Once A Pilgrim, Headline, 1998.

  Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report, Witness to Truth, 2004.

  Spicer, Tim, An Unorthodox Soldier – Peace and War and the Sandline Affair. Mainstream Publishing, 1999.

  Index

  Abacha, President Sani

  Abbott, Diane

  Abidjan Peace Accord

  Abubakar, Mohammed

  Abubakar, President

  Ademosu, Samuel

  Adeniji, Olu

  AFRC

  Akibo-Betts, Alfred

  Albright, Madeleine

  Alphonse

  Amalfi, MV Repubblica di,

  Amara, Peter Penfold

  Anan, Kofi

  Anafu, Moses

  Anderson, Colonel

  Anderson, Donald

  Andrews, Tim

  APC

  Ashby, Major Phil

  Ashworth, Michael

  Attatouray, Kadi

  Avebury, Lord

  Azad, Kan

  Bai Bureh

  Bangura, Alie

  Bangura, Desmond

  Bangura, Paulo

  Bangura, Thaimu

  Bangura, Zainab

  Banya, Sama

  Barras, Operation

  Barre, Dr

  Barrie, Hassan

  Bayliss, Trevor

  Beckett, Margaret

  Bédié, President Konan

  Berton, Father

  Berewa, Solomon

  Betts-Priddy, Lottie

  Bio, Maada

  Bio, Steve

  Biguzzi, Bishop

  Biu, Colonel

  Biddle, Keith

  Blackstone

  Blair, Tony

  Bockarie, Sam ‘Mosquito’

  Booth, Mike

  Boutros-Ghali, Boutros

  Boyah, Colonel

  Bowen, Rupert

  Branch Energy

  Brima, Alex

  Bruns, Rudi

  Buckingham, Tony

  Buckley, Patrick

  Bundu, Abass

  Burton, Graham

  Camayenne, Hotel

  Cameron, David

  Campaign for Good Governance

  see also Bangura, Zainab

  Campbell, Naomi

  Cape Sierra, Hotel

  CARE

  Carew, Colonel Tommy

  CDF

  see also Kamajors

  Celia

  Chalker, Lynda

  Clarkson, Governor

  Close protection team

  Clinton, President

  Cole, Tenneh

  Collier, Val

  Collins, Eldred

  Conakry Peace Plan

  Conte, President

  Conteh, Brig Hassan

  Conteh, Colonel

  Cook, Mark

  Cook, Robin

  Arms to Africa

  Copinger-Symes, Capt Rory

  Cornwall, HMS

  Crane, David

  Crooks, Roger

  Crossman, Steve

  Crown Agents

  CSM

  Dales, Richard

  Dawson, Clive

  Deen-Jalloh

  Demby, Dr Joe

  Dent, Colonel Mike

  DFID

  Dillsworth, Florence

  Dinka, Berhanu

  Docherty, Joe

  Dorothy Springer Trust

  Dorton House School

  Downham, Mike

  Dowden, Richard

  Dufka, Corinne

  Dumbuya, Ramadan

  Dymock, Capt Anthony

  Eaton, Isobel

  Ecomog

  removal of AFRC

  January 1999 invasion

  UK support

  relations with UN

  Ecowas

  see also Ecomog

  Emery, Sir Peter

  EO, see Executive Outcomes

  Essy, Amare

  Everard, John

  Executive Outcomes

  Eyadéma, President

  Family Kingdom Hotel

  Ferguson, Henry

  Fillie, Emmanuel

  Fischer, Conrad

  Flynn, John

  Fofana, Moinina

  Foray, Cyril

  Fowler, William

  Freeman, CDU

  Gaddafi, President

  Gale, Col Andrew

  Ganda, Archbishop

  Gborie, Cpl

  Gbujama, Shirley

  Glass, Colin

  Glass, Ruth

  Glentworth, Garth

  Golley, Omrie

  Grant, Ann

&n
bsp; Greene, Graham

  Greenstock, Sir Jeremy

  Haile Selassie, Emperor

  Hain, Peter

  Handicap International

  Hannington, Bishop

  Hanson Trust

  Harries, Dai

  Harris, Keith

  Harrison, Maj David

  Hamilton, Alisdair

  Harvey, Paul

  Hetherington, Tim

  Hicks, Col Peter

  Hill, David

  Hirsch, John

  Hoon, Geoff

  Houphet-Boigny, President

  Hughes, Brig

  Human Rights Watch

  Hurd, Douglas

  Ibbs, Sir Robin

  ICRC

  Ikimi, Tom

  Illustrious, HMS

  International Alert

  Jackson, Rev Jesse

  Jalloh, Tejan

  Jawad, Hussein

  Jean Moulin

  Jetley, Gen V.K.

  Johnny-Moore, Capt

  Johnson-Sirleaf, President Ellen

  Jomu-Jalloh

  Jonah, James

  Jones, Alan

  Jopp, Maj Lincoln

  Joshi, General

  Juba

  Kabba, Mrs

  Kabbah, President Ahmad Tejan

  removal by AFRC

  exile in Conakry

  restoration

  ‘Arms to Africa’

  treason trials

  January 1999 invasion

  Lomé Peace Agreement

  post Lomé/end of war

  Kabbia, Osman

  Kallay, ‘Brig’

  Kallon, Morris

  Kamajors

  see also CDF

  Kamara, Bazzy

  Kamara, Hassan

  Kamara, Lansana

  Kamara, Raymond

  Kanga, Col Max

  Kapila, Mukesh

  Karefa-Smart, John

  Kasangha, Chief

  Kearsarge, USS

  Kelly, Dr David

  Kerr, Sir John

  Keshi, Joe

  Khobe, Col Maxwell

  King, Sqn Ldr Victor

  Kobala, Chief Ellie

  Koffigoh, Minister

  Kompa Bomboi, Chief

  Konaré, President

  Kondewa, Allieu

  Koroma, Alimamy

  Koroma, Johnny Paul

  Koroma, Minister

  Koroma, Momodou

  Koroma, President Ernest

  Koroma, Santigie

  Kouyaté, Lansana

  Kpamber, General

  Kutiba, Justice

  Lamin, Mike

  Latham, Bernie & Jane

  Lavahun, John

  Lawson, Steve

  Lebby, Solomon

  Legg Inquiry

  Legg, Sir Thomas, see Legg Inquiry

  Lifeguard

  Lloyd, Tony

  Lomé Peace Agreement

  Lynch, Bishop Julius

  Luke, Desmond

  Mackinley, Andrew

  Mahera MV

  Mani, Brig

  Mammy Yoko Hotel

  Mambu, Sub-Inspector

  Mandela, President Nelson

  Mansarray, Sheka

  Margai, Charles

  Margai, Sir Milton

  Marafono, Fred

  Matturi, Sar

  McCluney, Ian

  McKinley, Graham

  McPhillips, Kevin

  Medani, Cdr

  Melrose, Joe

  Meyer, Hank

  Milligan, Becky

  Milosevic

  Milton Margai School

  Momoh, President

  Monmouth, HMS

  Moss, Michael

  MRD

  MSF

  Mugabe, President

  Mujakpero, Gen Felix

  Murray, Craig

  Murro, Andrew

  Musa, Fayia

  Musa SAJ

  Naimbana, King

  Nkrumah, President

  Noah, Mammy

  Norfolk, HMS

  Norman, Maj Peter

  Norman, Sam Hinga

  NPRC

  OAU

  Obasanjo, President

  O’Brien, Patrick

  Ocean, HMS

  ODA

  Ojokojo, Brig

  Okelo, Francis

  Olisemka, Minister

  Olympio, Sylvanus

  Opala, Joe

  Pacific Architects & Engineers

  Palliser, Operation

  Palmer, Philip

  Parris, Matthew

  Partridge, Derek

  Perez-Poros, Emilio

  Petzer, Garth

  Pratt, Rev

  Prescott, John

  Pollard, Stephen

  Purkis, Sophie

  Queen, HM The

  Radio 98.1

  Ramsahoi, Joe

  Rapp, Capt James

  Rawlings, President Jerry

  Reid, John

  Renamo

  Richards, Brig David

  Rifkind, Malcolm

  RMP, see Close protection team

  Robertshaw, Chris

  Robertson, George

  Robinson, Mary

  Ross, Ernie

  Ross, Hamish

  RUF

  Lomé Peace Agreement,

  War crimes court

  Runnymede

  Samba, Maj Kula

  Samura, Brima

  Samura, Sorious

  Sandline

  see also Spicer, Tim

  Sankoh, Foday

  Abidjan Peace Accord

  Lomé Peace Agreement

  War crimes court

  see also RUF

  Sankoh, Sgt Abu ‘Zagalo’

  Savimbi, Jonas

  Scott, Mal

  Scully, Will

  Seitz, Ray

  Sesay, Abu

  Sesay, Alimamy

  Sesay, Col A.K.

  Sesay, Issa

  Sesay, Kadie

  Shankerdass, Mr

  Shelpidi, General

  Short, Clare

  Sierra Rutile

  Sillah, Momodou

  Sillah, Mr

  SLPP

  Soloku, Chief

  Spencer, Julius

  Spicer, Tim

  see also Sandline

  St Cooke, Lynda

  Stanley, Sir John

  Stephen, Ann

  Stevens, President Siaka

  Stevens, Toma

  Strasser, Valentine

  Strasser-King, Prof

  Suma, Ibrahim

  Sutton, Alan

  Symonds, Rob

  Symons, Baroness

  Tamaboras

  Taylor, Charles

  Theresa, Mother

  Thomas, Dave

  Thomas, Capt

  Thomson, Brian

  Thorne, Adrian

  Touré, President Sékou

  TRC

  Treitlein, Val

  Tucker, Peter

  Tutu, Archbishop

  UNAMSIL

  UNDP

  UNHCR

  UNICEF

  UNOMSIL

  Ustinov, Peter

  Vandi, Peter

  Vereker, Sir John

  Warren, Paddy

  West Side Boys

  Westminster, HMS

  Weston, Sir John

  WFP

  Williams, Capt Bruce

  Williams, Col

  Wilshire, David

  Wong, Lillian

  Wright, Ann

  Wurie, Alpha

  Zagalo, see Sankoh, Sgt Abu

  Demonstration in Freetown during the HM Customs Investigation and Commission of Inquiry into the ‘Arms to Africa/Sandline Affair’. (The Mail on Sunday, and back cover)

  Presenting my credentials to President Kabbah.

  The British High Commissioner’s residence, Runnymede, in Freetown. In the foreground, Emmanuel Fillie, my driver, and Mal Scott, head of the RMP Close Protection Team.

  All photographs are from the author’s coll
ection unless otherwise stated.

  President Abacha of Nigeria ‘introduces’ President Kabbah to the crowds at the national stadium. On Abacha’s right, the President of Niger, in the foreground, the late President Conte’s aide – ‘the ashtray carrier’.

  The late General Maxwell Khobe, who commanded the Ecomog forces that drove the junta out of Freetown in 1998, enabling the return of President Kabbah. On his left is General Kpamber, who assumed command of Ecomog when Khobe was seconded as CDS of the Sierra Leone army.

  Following the coup and evacuation, we received many plaudits including a letter from Prime Minister Tony Blair and a centre-page spread in the Daily Mirror entitled ‘Hero of Hell City’.

  But a year later it was a very different story!

  Demonstration in Freetown during the HM Customs Investigation and Commission of Inquiry into the ‘Arms to Africa/Sandline Affair’. (The Mail on Sunday, and back cover)

  Carried in a hammock through the streets of Freetown on my return from Britain and appointed as a paramount chief. (Alimamy Kamara)

  Coronation of Paramount Chief Komrabai Peter Penfold and Yabomposse Penfold, seated either side of the late King Naimbana.

  Atrocities in the bush. The rebels had no shame in displaying their savagery to the camera. These photos were given to me by another victim who was about to be murdered but miracleously an Ecomog jet appeared and in the resultant confusion he was able to escape. He has subsequently passed away.

  Scenes of destruction following the 6 January 1999 invasion of Freetown. In the foreground, top, Dave Thomas, head of the RMP Close Protection Team.

  The victims – bodies burnt and left lying around following the 6 January invasion of Freetown.

  Foday Sankoh, leader of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), which committed most of the atrocities.

  Street justice in Freetown against one of the rebels.

  Members of the CDF who fought alongside Ecomog against the rebels.

  With the Kamajors in Bo. (Andrew Gale)

  Flying to Bo on board HMS Cornwall’s helicopter with Francis Okelo, UN Ambassador. (Andrew Gale)

  Preparing to leave Bo by HMS Cornwall’s helicopter. Extreme right: The late Colonel Andrew Gale, the defence attaché who displayed outstanding bravery in the aftermath of the May 1977 coup. Second from left: The late Dr Mike Downham, ODA medical expert who saved the lives of many children in Bo by hiding them in the bush.

 

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