Odessa: Genius and Death in a City of Dreams
Page 28
26. See USHMM, RG-25.003M, Reel 10.
27. Pântea to Alexianu, Dec. 3, 1941, USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 30.
28. See Alexianu’s postwar trial dossier in USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 33.
29. See USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 33.
30. See the Romanian high court decision of Jan. 1, 1956, USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 30.
31. See Pântea’s file from the Romanian Information Service archives, USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 30.
32. Instead, Pântea made a direct request to Alexianu for clarification. Alexianu then predictably decreed that anyone attempting to notarize such a document was obviously a Jew and would therefore be removed from the city. See the Pântea-Alexianu correspondence, Feb. 4 and 14,1942, USHMM, RG-31.004M, Reel 3. One survivor claimed that Pântea had also prevented several thousand Jews from being executed in Dalnik by instead having them deported. Many nevertheless died. Ioanid, Holocaust in Romania, 182.
33. Pântea to Antonescu, n.d. [1941], USHMM, RG-25.004M, Reel 30.
34. Alexander Kruglov, “Jewish Losses in Ukraine, 1941–1944,” in Brandon and Lower, eds., Shoah in Ukraine, 284.
35. Jean Ancel, “‘The New Jewish Invasion’—The Return of the Survivors from Transnistria,” in Bankier, ed., Jews Are Coming Back, 231.
36. Blinov to Polianskii, July 19, 1945, YVA, M-46/11.
Chapter 11: HERO CITY
1. E. T. Samoilov, “Informatsiia,” Dec. 5, 1941, GAOO, f. R-2262, op. 1, d. 3, l. 46.
2. Dallin, Odessa, 245.
3. Testimony of Aleksandr Bakman, YVA, O-3/6054.
4. See YVA, M-33/19967.
5. Testimony of Sura Sturmak, YVA, O-3/5178. See also testimony of Boris Kalika, YVA, O-3/5177.
6. Yaacov Roi, “The Reconstruction of Jewish Communities in the USSR, 1944–1947,” in Bankier, ed., Jews are Coming Back, 194. For overviews of Communist and Soviet antisemitism, see Gross, Fear, and Kostyrchenko, ed., Gosudarstvennyi antisemitizm.
7. Borovoi, Vospominaniia, 290.
8. Draitser, Shush!, 18.
9. Tanny, “City of Rogues and Schnorrers,” 303–4. Tanny’s magnificent dissertation is an exhaustive study of the myth of “Old Odessa” from the nineteenth century forward.
10. Eisenstein, Beyond the Stars, 177.
11. Yekelchyk, Stalin’s Empire of Memory, 115.
12. Yevgeny Yevtushenko, “On liubil tebia, zhizn’…,” in Bernes-Bodrova, ed., Mark Bernes, 156.
13. Mark Bernes, “Odin iz ‘dvukh boitsov,’” in Bernes-Bodrova, ed., Mark Bernes, 59–61.
14. Rybak, Mark Bernes, 60.
15. Andzhei Bin’kovskii and Ezhi Ol’shtyn’skii, “Mark Bernes,” in Bernes-Bodrova, ed., Mark Bernes, 199–201.
16. N. Smirnova, “Obrazy i pesni Marka Bernesa,” in Bernes-Bodrova, ed., Mark Bernes, 11; Rybak, Mark Bernes, 10–16.
17. Utesov, Spasibo serdtse!, 22–23.
18. Tanny, “City of Rogues and Schnorrers,” 305, 309.
19. Odesskaia turisticheskaia baza, 4.
20. See Friedberg, How Things Were Done in Odessa, 10–15.
Chapter 12: TWILIGHT
1. Brooklyn Eagle, May 5, 1918.
2. New York Daily News, Dec. 14, 1979.
3. Annelise Orleck, “The Soviet Jews: Life in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn,” in Foner, ed., New Immigrants in New York, 273.
4. Quoted in Michael Specter, “In Musical Odessa, Playing On for the Love of It,” New York Times, Apr. 11, 1994.
5. Brooklyn Eagle, Sept. 25, 1916, and Sept. 10, 1918.
6. Itogi vsesoiuznoi perepisi naseleniia 1959 goda: Ukrainskaia SSR, 184.
7. Oleg Gubar and Patricia Herlihy, “The Persuasive Power of the Odessa Myth,” in Czaplicka, Gelazis, and Ruble, eds., Cities after the Fall of Communism, 153.
8. Patricia Herlihy, “How Ukrainian is Odesa?” in Ramer and Ruble, eds., Place, Identity, and Urban Culture, 24, fn3.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ARCHIVES
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Foreign Office Records
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Brooklyn Collection
Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New York
Aleksei and Liubov’ Girs Papers, Bakhmeteff Archive
Library of Congress, Washington, DC
Theodore Gordon Ellyson Papers
John Paul Jones Papers
National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD
Consular Despatches, Odessa
State Archive of the Odessa Region, Odessa
Files from the Period of German-Romanian Occupation
Directorate of Culture, Governorship of Transnistria
Directorate of Economic Affairs, Governorship of Transnistria
Directorate of Culture, Municipality of Odessa
Odessa Central Prison
Odessa Mayoralty
Odessa Prefecture of Police
Office of Military Propaganda, Military Command, Odessa
Odessa District Commission, Jewish Public Committee for Aiding the Victims of Pogroms (Evobshchestkom)
Odessa Regional Executive Committee, Soviet of Workers, Peasants, and Red Army Deputies (Okrispolkom/Oblispolkom)
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, Washington, DC
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Romanian Ministry of Defense Archives Collection
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Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive
Semyon Tarantor Collection
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Yad Vashem Testimonials
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