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A History of the Roman World

Page 76

by Scullard, H. H.


  Romulea, 124

  Romulus, 39, 42–4, 45–6, 332, 333, 372, 405 n.6

  Rosetta stone, 234

  Rostra, 330

  Rufrium, 120

  Rusellae, 126

  Rutilius Rufus, P. (cos. 105), 275

  Sabine women, 46

  Sabines, supposed conquest of Rome, 40, 46, 57, 86, 406 n.10, 423 n.5; in fifth century, 85, 86; in Campania, 99–100; and Samnites, 430 n.10; receive half-citizenship, 125; full citizenship, 134, 168

  Sacred Spring, see Ver sacrum

  Safine dialect, 18, 339, 398 n.15

  Saguntum, alliance with Rome, 176, 177–8, 440 n.17; stormed by Hannibal, 178, 440 n.14; as cause of Second Punic War, 178–80; in Second Punic War, 191–2, 202

  Salamantica, 177

  Salapia, 200

  Salassi, 265

  Salerno, 14, 398 n.12

  Salii, 41, 47, 59, 242, 340, 355

  Sallentini, 131

  Saltus Castulonensis, 269

  Saltus Manlianus, 270

  Saltus Marcius, 265

  Same, 244

  Samnites, 427 n.26; ethnic relations, 18; League of, 100; alliance with Rome, 101; wars with Rome, see Rome; allied with Pyrrhus, 128–9; pacified by Rome, 132; revolt to Hannibal, 189

  Samos, 221

  Sapi, valley, 264

  Sardinia, Carthaginian empire in, 31, 144; and Rome, 153, 164, 426 n.20; Punic mercenaries revolt in, 166–7; seized by Rome, 167, 438 n.3; conquered by Rome, 167–8; organized as a Roman province, 167–8; pacified, 167–8; in Hannibalic War, 189–90; revolts in, 267

  Sarpedonium, Cape, 243

  Sarsina, 132

  Saticula, 122, 124, 429 n.5

  Satire, 340, 344

  Satricum, 34, 36, 88, 92, 97, 101, 403nn.43 & 44, 429 n.5

  Saturn, temple of, 333

  Saturnian verse, 340, 341, 342, 343, 463 n.3

  Scerdilaidas, 173, 174–5

  Scidros, 22

  Scipio, see Cornelius Scipionic Circle, 326, 345, 365, 465 n.10

  Scipios, tomb of, 335

  Scodra (Scutari), 172, 252

  Scotussa, 229

  Segeda, 271

  Segesta, 151, 153, 162, 164

  Segobriga, 272

  Segontia, 269

  Segovia, 272

  Seleucus IV of Syria, 259

  Sempronius Asellio, P., annalist, 275

  Sempronius Gracchus, C. (trib. pleb., 123), 275, 289, 327

  Sempronius Gracchus, Ti. (cos. 238), 167, 462 n.19

  Sempronius Gracchus, Ti. (cos. 215), 198–9, 462 n.19

  Sempronius Gracchus, Ti. (cos. 177), 241, 260, 267, 270, 289, 303, 347

  Sempronius Gracchus, Ti. (trib. pleb., 133), 274, 310, 327

  Sempronius Longus, Ti. (cos. 218), 182, 185

  Sempronius Sophus, P. (cos. 304), 123

  Sempronius Tuditanus, C. (praetor, 197), 269

  Sempronius Tuditanus, P. (cos. 204), 194

  Sena, 126, 133

  Senate, origin of, 57; in regal period, 47, 59, 62–4, 411 n.34; in early Republic, 72; control over legislation, 109; competence of, 113, 117–18, 297; clashes with People, 149, 171–2, 185, 222–3, 297; opposed by Flaminius, 169; rival families within, 209, 300–4; exclusiveness of, 294, 300–4; power of, in second century, 297–300

  Senators, forbidden to trade, 169; to take state contracts, 169

  Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus, 367

  Senones, 93, 98, 125–6, 132

  Sentinum, battle of, 125, 430 n.11

  Septimontium, 41, 404 n.4

  Serfdom, in Latium, 30, 58, 75, 309–10, 321–2

  Sergius Fidenas, L. (cos. 437), 424 n.11

  Servilian gens, 301

  Servilius Ahala, C. (mag. equ. 439), 75, 419 n.12

  Servilius Caepio, Q. (cos. 140), 272

  Servilius Fidenas, Q. (dict. 438?), 90, 424 n.11

  Servilius Geminus, Cn. (cos. 217), 185–6, 187–9

  Servius Tullius, reign of, 45, 48, 49–50, 56, 407nn.12 & 13; reform of, 50, 64–7; wall of, 53, 95, 315, 331–2, 409 n.21, 426 n.18, 462 n.20; buildings ascribed to, 52, 53, 56, 331

  Sesia, river, 265

  Setia, 96–7, 103, 135, 427 n.30

  Sexi, 19, 269, 399 n.19

  Sextius, Sextinus, L. (first plebeian consul, 366), 106

  Sibylline oracles, 21, 359–60

  Sicca Veneria, 165

  Sicily, early culture of, 10–11; Pyrrhus in, 130; Punic empire in, 142–4, 148; Roman determination to conquer, 152; in First Punic War, 148–59; Roman province of, 161–5; in Second Punic War, 194–6; wheat of, 295, 308, 460 n.3

  Sicinius Dentatus, L., 79

  Side, Hannibal defeated off, 241

  Sidicini, 101, 119, 292

  Siena, 401 n.29

  Signia, 87, 92, 103

  Silenus, Greek historian, 371

  Silva Arsia, 68

  Sinuessa, 124, 133

  Siscia, river, 267

  Slavery, 106–7, 261, 283, 308, 310, 321–3, 325, 327, 462 n.13

  Smyrna, 233–4, 242

  Socii navales, see allies

  Solus, 156

  Sophonisba, 210, 212, 446 n.9

  Sora, 122–4, 427 n.27

  Sostratus, 21

  Sosylus, 440 n.15, 443 n.12

  Spain, early civilization of, 399 n.19; empire of Tartessus, 19, 21, 142; Greeks in, 142–3; Carthaginian empire in, 143, 175–8, 180–1; importance in Second Punic War, 182–3, 189–90; Second Punic War in, 190–2, 202–6; Roman wars in, 267–75, 457nn.8–14; as Roman provinces, 267–8; effect of Roman wars in, 274–5

  Sparta, 193, 220, 232, 246–8, 261

  Spendius, leader of mercenaries, 165

  Spes, temple of, 335

  Spina, 32

  Spoletium, 168

  Spolia opima, 90, 172, 408 n.18

  Spurinna, 29

  Spurius Ligustinus, 312

  Statielli, 265

  Stoicism, 323, 338, 365

  Subura, 333

  Suessa, 102, 122, 317, 427 n.38

  Suessula, 103, 119, 427 n.28

  Suffete, 144–5, 275

  Sulci, 153

  Sulpicius Galba, P. (cos. 211), 193, 200, 222, 227–8

  Sulpicius Galba, Ser. (cos. 144), 271–2

  Sulpicius Paterculus, C. (cos. 258), 153

  Sumptuary laws, 328

  Sutrium, 91, 92, 96, 103, 123, 135, 425 n.14, 429 n.6

  Sybaris, 22

  Syphax, Numidian prince, 191, 198, 205, 210–12

  Syracuse, 151, 157–8, 161, 195–6, 444 n.17; see also Agathocles and Hiero

  Syria, 220–1, 242–3; see also Antiochus and Seleucus

  Taboo, 351–2

  Tactics, 311–12; at Heraclea, 128–9; Trebia, 185; Cannae, 188–9; Ibera, 191; of Hannibal, 196–7; Baecula, 204; Ilipa, 205; Metaurus, 207–8; Campi Magni, 213; Zama, 212–13; Cynoscephalae, 229–30; Magnesia, 242–3; Pydna, 251–3

  Tanaquil, 49

  Tarentum, 10–11, 22, 126–31, 147–8, 198–9, 200–1, 206–7, 289, 317, 399 n.18, 431 n.13, 435 n.8

  Tarpeia, 46

  Tarquinii, 21, 24, 26, 28–9, 68, 90–1, 97, 123, 126, 317, 401 n.29, 402 n.33, 408 n.19

  Tarquinius Collatinus, L., 67, 417 n.1

  Tarquinius Priscus, L., 42, 45, 48–9, 406 n.11

  Tarquinius Sextus, 414 n.45

  Tarquinius Superbus, L., 45, 48, 50, 55–6, 68–9, 358

  Tarracina (Anxur), 36, 56, 101, 119–20, 133

  Tarraco, 190

  Tartessus, 5, 19, 21, 142, 433 n.2

  Taurasia, 124

  Taurini, 170, 184

  Tauromenium, 162

  Tavoliere, 7

  Taxation, Roman, see Tributum; in Sicily, 162–3; in Sardinia, 167–8; in Spain, 268; in provinces, 295–6

  Tax collectors, 163, 296

  Teanum, 119, 198

  Teanum Apuli, 122

  Telamon, battle of, 171, 439 n.7

  Telmessus, 245

  Tempe, vale of, 228, 231, 248, 251
–2

  Temples, 330–1; in Largo Argentina, 463 n.23; see under separate gods, etc.

  Terentilius Harsa, C. (trib. pleb., 462), 79

  Terentius Afer, P., poet, 326, 329, 345–6

  Terentius Culleo, Q. (praetor, 187), 289

  Terentius Varro, C. (cos. 216), 188, 207, 297

  Termantia, 273

  Terminalia, 353, 355

  Terramara culture, 8–10, 18; relation to Latins, 9

  Teuta, 173–4

  Thasos, 221

  Theocritus, 148

  Thenae, 142

  Thermae, 153

  Thermopylae, battle of, 239, 454 n.8

  Thessaly, 228, 232, 238–9, 251

  Theveste, 142, 158

  Thrace, 193, 223, 233–5, 241, 245

  Thurii, 126, 127, 131, 289

  Thyatira, 242

  Tiber, river, 38, 404 n.1

  Tibur (Tivoli), 33, 55, 84, 88, 96, 97, 102, 103, 200, 358, 403nn.43 & 44

  Ticinus, battle of, 185

  Tifata, Mt, 198

  Timaeus, 43–5, 369, 466

  Timarchus, 259–60

  Timavo, river, 266

  Titinius, poet, 346

  Titius, river, 267

  Titus Tatius, 45–6

  Toledo, 269

  Tolumnius of Veii, 90, 424 n.11

  Torboletae, 178, 179

  Totemism, 351

  Tower of Agathocles, battle at, 210

  Trade, 313–18; Phoenician, 19–21; in Magna Graecia, 20; Etruscan, 31–2; Greek, 20–2, 308–9; Roman, 144, 287, 295; Punic, 143–4, 146, 295, 308; influence on Roman policy, 144, 149, 224, 253, 278, 295

  Trasimene, Lake, battle of, 186–7, 442 n.7

  Trebia, battle of, 185, 441 n.4

  Trebula, 123

  Tresviri of the Mint, 318

  Trial of the Scipios, 298, 460 n.17

  Tribes, ‘Romulean’, 46, 64–5, 410 n.32; Roman, creation of, 60–1, 413 n.43; increase of, 86, 91, 96, 97, 103, 119, 122, 123, 134, 168; Clustumina, 86; Pomptina and Poplilia, 97; Maecia and Scaptia, 103; Oufentina, 119, 122; Falerna, 122; Aniensis and Teretina, 123; Velina and Quirina, 134, 168; Pollia, 266; Esquilina, 289

  Tribunate, 76–83, 115–18, 297–8, 420 n.17, 421, 459 n.11

  Tributum, 63, 136, 197, 320–1; discontinued, 290

  Trifanum, 102, 427 n.30

  Tripolis, 156

  Triumph, 52–3, 62–3, 408 n.18, 411 n.35

  Triumviri capitales, 114

  Troy, Trojans, 42–3, 44

  Truceless War, 165–6, 167, 438 n.2

  Tullianum, 333

  Tullus Hostilius, 47

  Tunis, 154, 165–6, 211, 213

  Turdetani, 191, 269

  Turin, 184

  Tusca, 277

  Tusculum, 37, 55–6, 84, 87, 96, 102, 110, 133, 340, 359

  Twelve Tables, 80–1, 315, 336–7, 341, 347, 351, 367, 420 n.19

  Tyndaris, 153, 156

  Tyre, 142

  Tyrrhenoi, 25

  Umbrians, 17, 123, 125, 132; dialect of, 16–17, 339, 398 n.15

  Urnfield culture, 6–7, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 22–3, 398 n.10

  Utica, 19, 165–6, 210–11, 279–81, 283, 342, 399 n.19

  Uxama, 271

  Vaccaei, 177, 270–4

  Vadimo, Lake, battle of, 126

  Valentia, 272

  Valerian gens, 301

  Valerius Antias, Q., annalist, 370, 466

  Valerius Corvus, M. (cos. 348), 101, 426 n.23, 427 n.28

  Valerius Flaccus, L. (cos. 195), 239, 266, 300, 302, 304

  Valerius Laevinus, M. (cos. 210), 193, 196, 206

  Valerius Laevinus, P. (cos. 280), 128

  Valerius Maximus, M. (cos. 300), 111

  Valerius Messalla, M’. (cos. 263), 151

  Valerius Potitus, L. (cos. 449), 79

  Valerius Publicola, P. (cos. 509), 417 n.1

  Valerius Publicola, P. (cons. trib. 377), 109

  Valerius, Satricum inscription, 417

  Varro, writer, 372; see also Terentius

  Veii, 14, 24, 26, 68, 89–92, 398 n.11, 424 n.12

  Velabrum, 39

  Velia, hill in Rome, 38

  Velia, in southern Italy, 131

  Velitrae, 35, 36, 87–8, 92, 96, 97, 103, 314

  Venafrum, 317

  Veneti, 93, 95, 124, 170, 264, 266, 425 n.17

  Venus, 35, 357

  Venusia, 125, 127, 129, 200

  Verginia, 79–80

  Ver sacrum, 18, 99, 357, 498 n.16

  Verulae, 123

  Vesta, cult of, 59, 353, 355; temple of, 51; Vestal Virgins, 47, 332, 352, 355, 462 n.21

  Vestini, 18, 100, 121, 123

  Vetilius, M. (praetor 147), 272

  Veto, 72, 78

  Vetulonia, 126

  Veturius, T. (cos. 321), 121

  Via, Sacra, 51; Salaria, 54; Veientana, 89; Appia, 110, 122, 124, 138, 335; Latina, 138, 198; Flaminia, 138, 172, 186, 187, 207, 264, 457 n.2; Clodia, 138; Aurelia, 138; Egnatia, 227, 260; Aemilia, 264; Postumia, 265

  Vibenna, 48, 49, 407 n.12

  Vibinum, 187

  Vibo, 289

  Victoria, temple of, 332

  Vicus Tuscus, 51, 332, 335

  Villanovans, 11–16, 18–19, 398nn.9 & 17

  Viminal, 38

  Vine, 34, 53, 308, 309, 409 n.21

  Viriathus, 272–3, 458 n.14

  Viridomarus, 172

  Vix, 23

  Volcanal, 52, 333, 408 n.15

  Volsci, language of, 17; wars with Rome, 85–8, 96–7, 101, 426 n.21

  Volsinii, 30, 123, 125–6, 132, 316, 322, 425 n.14, 432 n.23

  Volterra, 126, 348

  Voltumna, 30

  Volturnum, 31

  Volturnus, river, 198

  Volumnius, L. (cos. 308), 124

  Vortumnus, 51

  Vulca of Veii, 52

  Vulci, 26, 27, 29, 48–9, 125–6, 132, 407 n.12

  War-loans, 159, 320–1

  Women, position of, 82, 324, 327, 328, 337

  Xanthippus, Spartan mercenary captain, 155

  Xanthus, 401 n.27

  Zama, battle of, 212–13, 447 n.11

  Zancle-Messene, 22

  Zilath, 30, 73, 415 n.49

  Zonaras, 371

  Zygus Pass, 228

 

 

 


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