Roosevelt, Franklin
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rossby, Carl-Gustav
Roudaire, François Elie
Rowland, Sherwood
Royal Academy of Engineering
Royal Aircraft Establishment
Royal Air Force (RAF)
Royal Meteorological Society
Royal Society of London; Philosophical Transactions
Ruddiman, William
Ruggles, Daniel
Rusin, Nikolai Petrovich
Rusk, Jeremiah
Russian Academy
sacrifices
Sahara Desert
Salawitch, Ross
Salter, Steven
sand, electrified
Sanford, Fernando
San Francisco Chronicle (newspaper)
Sarnoff, David
satellite remote sensing
satellites
saw grass
Schaefer, Vincent; Project Cirrus and
Schelling, Thomas
Schiller, Friedrich
Schmidt, Gavin
Schneider, Stephen
Science (magazine)
science fiction
Scientific American (magazine)
Scientific Revolution
Scribner’s Magazine
seawater, as cloud-seeding agent
Sellers, Mulberry
Seneca
Sevastopol, siege of
“Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense Intellectuals” (Cohn)
Shakespeare, William
Shaler, Nathaniel
Shapley, Harlow
Shaw, Napier
Shepherd, John
Shih, I-Fu
Shvets, M. Ye.
silver iodide (AgI); Bernard Vonnegut and; as cloud-seeding agent; in flares; Langmuir and; in New Mexico
Simpson, Joanne
Simpson, Robert H.
Sky King (television show)
Smetacek, Victor
Smith, Karl F.
smog
smoke
socialism
socio-technical hybrid issues
Socolow, Robert
solar radiation management; idealized; stratospheric dust and; sulfuric acid and
solar shield
“Song of the Bell” (Schiller)
Sörgel, Herman
sound waves
Soviet Electric Power (Markin)
Soviet Union; ENMOD and
Spaatz, Carl A.
space: control of; mirrors in
Spence, Clark
Spilhaus, Athelstan
Sputnik (satellites)
SST. See supersonic transport
St. Amand, Pierre
stabilization wedges
Stalin, Joseph
Stanford Law Review
Stapleton, Olaf
Stenchikov, Georgiy
Stiger, Albert
Stingo, John R.
storytelling
stratosphere: aerosol content of; bubbles in; burning sulfur in; cooling of; dust in; pollution in; rifle system and
Suits, C. Guy
sulfates
Summers, Lawrence
sunspots, manipulation of
supersonic transport (SST)
Sverdrup, Harald U.
Sykes, George Ambrosius Immanuel Morrison
Takers
Talbot, Curtis G.
Talman, Charles Fitzhugh
Tarmy, Barry
Tatarsk Strait
technology; fear of; historic; limitations of; Takers and
Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) program
Teller, Edward
terraforming
Terraforming Earth (Williamson)
Texas Department of Agriculture
Theosophists
Thompson, Michael
Tilmes, Simone
Tilton, James
Time (magazine)
tipping points
TIROS. See Television Infrared Observation Satellite program
Toon, Brian
“To the Friends of Science” (Espy)
trafficability
Train, Arthur
Transactions of the Epidemiological Society of London
triggers
Truman, Harry
Tuan, Yi-fu
Turco, Richard
Twain, Mark
Tyndall, John
Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. 255
UCAR. See University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Ulam, Stanislaw
United Nations (UN); Conference of the Committee on Disarmament; Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD); Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Environment Program (UNEP); Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
University Meteorological Committee
University of California–San Diego: Center for Energy and Combustion Research; Scripps Institution of Oceanography
U.S. Air Force: Cloud Physics Research Project (with Weather Bureau); Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (with Navy and Weather Bureau); Strategic Air Command; Weather Reconnaissance Squadron; Weather Resources and Programs; Weather Service
U.S. Army: Air Force; Air Weather Service; Medical Department; Ordnance Department; Signal Office
U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
U.S. Climate Change Technology Program
U.S. Congress: House of Representatives; Senate; testimony before
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Forestry
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Air Commerce
U.S. Department of Defense
U.S. Department of Energy
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Navy: Bureau of Aeronautics; Espy and; Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (with Air Force and Weather Bureau); meteorological data of; Naval Ordinance Test Station; Project Stormfury and; seeding of storms by; Warren and; Weather Research Facility
U.S. Weather Bureau; Cloud Physics Research Project (with Air Force); electrified sand and; Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab; Gregg and; Hatfield and; Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (with Air Force and Navy); Langmuir and; Wexler and
U.S. Weather Control Bureau
“Use of Asphalt Coatings to Increase Rainfall, The” (Black and Tarmy)
Vaillant, Jean-Baptiste Philibert
Van Allen, James
Van Allen radiation belts
Veraart, August
Vernadsky, Vladimir
Verne, Jules
Vietnam
Virgil
volcanoes, artificial
von Kármán, Theodore
Vonnegut, Bernard
Vonnegut, Kurt
von Neumann, John
Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (film)
Wainscoat, Richard
Wak-a-dah-ha-hee
Walker, Constance
Walker, Gabrielle
Walt Disney’s Comics and Stories
war. See also military
“War Against Hail” (Mann)
War and the Weather (Powers)
Ward, Robert DeCourcy
Warner Brothers
Warren, L. Francis
Washington, George
Washington Post (newspaper)
waste heat
Waterman, Alan T.
Water Resources Corporation of Denver
waterspouts
WDA. See Weather Distributing Administration
weather; engineering of; reports; superstitions and fallacies about; in war; as weapon
Weather Distributing Administration (WDA)
“Weather Modification” (Rodin and Hess)
Weaver, Warren
Wegener, Alfred
Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process
Weinberg, Alvin
&n
bsp; Weld, Tuesday
Wells, H. G.
Welsbach Patent
Westchester Racing Association
Westmoreland, William
Wexler, Harry
Widener, Joseph E.
Williams, John
Williamsom, J. D.
Williamson, Jack
Wilson, Margaret Adelaide
WMO. See World Meteorological Organization
Wood, Lowell
Wood, Robert Williams
World Bank
World Meteorological Organization (WMO); Global Atmospheric Research Programme
World Peril of 1910, The (Griffith)
World’s Fair
Worlds in the Making (Arrhenius)
World War I,
World War II,
World Weather Bureau
World Weather Watch (W W W)
Wreck of the South Pole, The (Hahn)
Wright, Orville
Wulf, Oliver
W W W. See World Weather Watch
Yates, Allan
Yudin, M. I.
zinc oxide (ZnO), as cloud-seeding agent
Zoroastrianism
Zubrin, Robert
Zuni (North American Indians)
Zworykin, Vladimir K.
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS
Publishers Since 1893
New York Chichester, West Sussex
Copyright © 2010 Columbia University Press All rights reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fleming, James Rodger.
Fixing the sky : the checkered history of weather and climate control /
James Rodger Fleming.
p. cm.—(Columbia studies in international and global history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
eISBN : 978-0-231-51306-7
1. Weather control—History. 2. Nature—Effect of human beings on. I. Title. II. Series.
QC928.F54 2010
551.68—dc22 2010015482
Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. This book is printed on paper with recycled content.
c
References to Internet Web sites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor Columbia University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared.
Fixing the Sky Page 44