at Yalta conference, 422, 425
Hopkins, Robert, 368
Hopkins, Stephen, 368
Hoskins, Harold, 382
House, Edward M., 59, 71, 141
Howard, Roy W., 246
Howe, Louis McHenry, 48–49, 54, 59, 60, 74, 95–98, 112, 125, 127, 143, 149–150, 153, 168–169, 252, 434
Howell, Clark, 139, 143
Howland, Rebecca Brien, 5–7
Hoyt, Ferdinand, 40
Huerta, Victoriano, 56
Hughes, Charles Evans, 39, 70, 233, 234, 235, 262
Hull, Cordell, 108, 143, 150, 166–167, 190, 199, 211–212, 292, 309–310, 337, 338, 343, 349, 361
Humphrey, William E., 213
Hurja, Emil, 250, 253
Hurley, Patrick J., 133
Hyde Park, New York, 6, 31, 34, 91, 99, 125, 225, 247, 257, 299, 410, 411
Ibn Saud, King Abdul Aziz, 381, 382, 426, 427
Ickes, Harold, 166, 168, 186, 194–195, 202, 246, 249, 269, 270, 271–272, 297, 337, 364
Infantile paralysis (polio), 64
Inonu, Ismet, 394
Insull, Samuel, 242
Interstate Commerce Commission, 245
Ismay, Hastings, 392
Isolationism vs. intervention, 286, 293, 328, 333, 433
Jackson, Robert, 217, 263, 270, 273
James, Edwin L., 293, 294
Japan
alliance with Germany and Italy, 298, 314
China, war against, 290, 293
crisis of 1913, 55
East Asian expansionism of, 283, 285–286, 335
Japanese offensive in Pacific, 341
occupation of French Indochina by, 314
Panay incident, 291–292
Pearl Harbor, attack on, 339–341
Philippine Islands, invasion of, 340–341
Tokyo, US air raid on, 347
US sanctions against, 336
Jefferson, Thomas, 117–118
Jellicoe, Sir John, 78
Jews, German pogrom against, 296, 383
Jews, Roosevelt administration view of, 383–384
Johnson, Hiram, 162, 168, 178
Johnson, Hugh S., 145, 166, 186, 200–205, 225
Johnson Debt Default Act of 1934, 212–213
Johnston, Olin D., 276
Jones, Jesse, 366, 408, 416, 417
Jusserand, Jules, 57
Kaiser, David, 321
Kaiser, Henry J., 361
Karski, Jan, 383
Kelly, Edward J., 310
Kelly, Joseph F., 289
Kennan, George F., 403
Kennedy, Joseph P., 77, 145, 152, 166, 225, 255, 297, 317, 324–325, 434
Keynes, John Maynard, 191, 211, 231, 269–271, 283, 370–371
Kimmel, Husband, 337, 340
King, Ernest J., 331, 342, 351, 356, 386, 387, 425
King, MacKenzie, 247
Knox, Frank, 250, 292, 307, 337, 361, 374
Knudson, William, 306, 328, 362
Knutson, Harold, 409
Krock, Arthur, 153, 246
La Follette, Phillip, 223
La Follette, Robert Jr., 162, 223, 239, 255, 284
La Follette, Robert Sr., 112, 117
La Guardia, Fiorello, 140, 159, 223, 255
Labor unions, 60, 167, 186, 204, 229, 239–240, 255, 265–267, 307, 316, 329, 363–365, 408–409
Landon, Alfred, 250, 253, 256, 257, 277, 292, 307, 328
Lane, Franklin K., 53
Lansing, Robert, 67, 68, 86
Lawrence, John, 100–101
League for Independent Political Action, 223
League of Nations, 82, 85, 86, 90, 92, 146
Leahy, Frank, 374
Leahy, William D., 290, 342, 355, 386, 391, 419, 422, 424, 425
Lear, Linda, 168
Ledyard, Lewis Cass, 35
Leff, Mark, 245
LeHand, Marguerite “Missy,” 95, 100–102, 127, 152, 169, 333–334, 434
Lehman, Herbert, 123, 127–128, 131, 133, 162, 164
Lejeune, John A., 78
Lemke, William, 251, 257
Lend-Lease Bill, 324
Leonard, Tom, 37
Lewis, John L., 204, 255, 265, 267, 316, 363–364
Liggett, Hunter, 78
Lindbergh, Charles, 304
Lindley, Ernest K., 131, 132, 143, 148, 374, 412
Lippmann, Walter, 90, 121, 142, 151, 162, 229, 256, 261, 278, 294, 406
Litvinov, Maxim, 349, 379
Lloyd George, David, 77
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 57, 82, 85–86
Lodge, Henry Cabot Jr., 292
Lomazow, Steven, 375
Long, Breckinridge, 287, 383
Long, Huey, 216, 223, 225–228, 238–239, 241, 246–247
Longworth, Alice Roosevelt, 22, 31, 57, 73, 82
Longworth, Nicolas, 57, 58
Lovett, Robert A., 307
Lovett, Robert W., 97
Lubell, Samuel, 319
Luce, Henry, 142, 433
Ludlow, Elizabeth Livingston, 29
Ludlow, Louis, 292
MacArthur, Douglas, 158, 290, 337, 340, 346, 401
Mack, John, 318
MacLeish, Archibald, 322
Mahan, Alfred Thayer, 55, 195
Maisky, Ivan, 380
Maloney, Frank, 375
Manhattan Engineering project, 353
Mao Tse-tung, 293, 388–389, 435–436
March of Dimes, 104–105
Marshall, George C, 331, 337, 342, 346, 351, 386, 394–395, 430
Martha, Princess, 333, 368
Marvin, Langdon, 95
Mathews, H. Freeman, 422
Maverick, Maury, 223
McAdoo, William Gibbs, 49, 59, 89, 108, 110, 120, 144, 149, 151–152, 178
McCarran, Pat, 275
McCarthy, Charles, 54
McCauley, Edward, 83
McCloy, John J., 307, 361, 384
McCormick, Anne O’Hare, 220, 296
McCormick, Robert, 121, 291
McDonald, William, 103
McEachen, Elespie, 11
McIntire, Ross T., 371–374, 386, 390, 400, 414, 419
McIntyre, Marvin, 91, 166, 168, 169
McKim, Eddie, 406
McKinley, William, 21
McNamee, Graham, 110
McNary, Charles, 311
McReynolds, James, 233, 234
Mellon, Andrew, 216–217
Memorial Day Massacre, 266
Mercer, Lucy (later Rutherfurd), 58, 72, 81, 249, 333, 370, 375, 428, 431, 434
Mexico, 56, 71
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw, 402, 424, 429
Miller, Earl, 126, 152
Mills, Ogden, 133, 164, 170, 218
Moley, Raymond, 145, 153, 164, 166, 169, 170, 177, 190, 198, 208, 252, 261
Molotov, Vyacheslav, 349, 392, 406, 420, 422
Montgomery, Sir Bernard, 354
Montgomery Ward, 364–365
Moore, Edmund, 89
Morgan, J. P., 71
Morgenthau, Elinor, 128
Morgenthau, Henry Jr., 128, 145, 166–167, 169, 182, 209–210, 217, 224, 255, 267, 368, 384, 404
Morgenthau, Henry Sr., 145
Moses, Robert, 126
Moskowitz, Belle, 127
Motor Carrier Act of 1935, 245
Mountbatten, Lord Louis, 350, 387, 390
Murphy, Charles Francis, 40–44, 63, 89, 109
Murphy, Frank, 263, 265
Murrow, Edward R., 312
Mussolini, Benito, 201, 278, 283, 285, 295, 298, 378
National Defense Advisory Co
uncil, 306, 328
National Farmers Union, 183
National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, 104–105
National Gallery of Art, 217
National Grange, 183
National Housing Administration, 182
National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, 185, 235
National Origins Immigration Act of 1924, 294
National Recovery Administration (NRA), 186, 187, 199–206, 215, 236, 258
National Recovery Review Board, 204
National Union for Social Justice, 225
Naval Expansion Act of 1938, 273
Negroes, 255, 328–329, 360–361
Nelson, Donald, 362
Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 286
New Deal
criticism of, 194, 218, 222, 246, 250
failure of, 206, 214, 435
flaws in, 230–231
recovery, impact of on economy, 268–269
New Deal programs
agricultural assistance, 183–185, 187, 198–200, 235, 245, 249, 264, 273
banking, 178, 241
economic recovery programs, 186–187, 208, 211–212, 215
economy bill, 179
industrial recovery programs, 185–186, 200–206, 235, 273
labor provisions, 239–240, 274
public utilities, 242, 243, 244, 268
regulatory agencies, 215, 245, 260, 264, 273
relief programs, 185, 193–196, 231, 254, 265, 277
taxation of legalized beverages, 179
See also names of specific laws and agencies
Nimitz, Chester, 401
Nomura Kichisaburo, 338
Norris, George, 162, 166, 181, 184, 255, 284, 304
Nye, Gerald, 223, 284, 292, 328, 340
O’Connor, Basil, 103, 276
O’Connor, John J., 276
Office of Production Management, 328
O’Gorman, James Aloysius, 43–44, 51, 59
Oliphant, Herman, 209
Oliver, Sarah, 422
Olson, Floyd B., 156, 223
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 353
Ottinger, Albert, 124
Palestine, 381–382, 384, 427
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 84–85, 153, 244
Parish, Henry, 29, 133
Parish, Susie, 29, 133
Patterson, Robert, 307, 361
Patton, George S., 354
Paulin, James, 374
Pavlov, V. N., 391, 392
Peabody, Endicott, 14–15, 31
Peabody, Fanny, 14
Peabody, George Foster, 101, 103
Peek, George N., 185, 198–199
Pegler, Westbrook, 197
Pell, Frances, 21
Pell, Mrs. Albert, 21
Pendergast, Tom, 111, 214
Perkins, Ed, 48
Perkins, Frances, 44–45, 97, 127, 134–135, 166–167, 201, 205, 263, 265
Pershing, John J., 56, 313
Philippine Islands, 55, 290, 335, 337, 340–341, 346, 374, 398
Pinchot, Gifford, 46
Pittman, Key, 190
Plunkett, Charles, 79
Poland, 298, 299, 300, 349, 384, 385, 402–403, 405, 406, 418, 424, 429
Polio (infantile paralysis), 64
Political machines, 40–41, 140
See also Tammany Hall
Pressman, Lee, 199
Prettyman, Arthur, 431
Progressive Party, 63, 70, 117
Progressives, 119, 129, 135, 153, 157, 162, 166, 195, 216, 240, 242, 255, 260, 261, 268
Progressivism, 38, 39, 60
Prohibition, 84, 117, 124, 125, 132, 150, 160, 179–180
Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, 242, 244
Public Works Administration (PWA), 186, 193–195, 249–250
Pure Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938, 273
Railroad Retirement Act of 1933, 215, 234
Railroad Retirement Act of 1935, 245
Railroad Transportation Act of 1933, 187
Randolph, A. Phillip, 329
Raskob, John J., 122, 140
Rayburn, Sam, 152, 243, 408, 417
Reciprocal Trade Act of 1934, 212
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 208, 366, 416
Reed, Stanley, 234, 263
Reno, Milo, 184
Republican national convention, 1940, 308–309
Republican Party, 46, 60, 62, 63, 70, 82, 218, 221, 246, 250, 251, 269, 308, 363
Resettlement Administration, 195–196, 231
Reuther, Walter, 265
Revenue Act of 1938, 273
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 300
Richberg, Donald, 205, 234
Ritchie, Albert, 151
Roberts, Owen, 233, 234
Robinson, Corinne, 28
Robinson, Joseph “Joe,” 227, 261, 263
Robinson, Teddy, 21
Rockefeller, John D., 245
Roerich, Nicholas, 197
Rommel, Erwin, 350, 352
Roosevelt, Alice, 22, 31, 57, 58, 73, 82
Roosevelt, Anna “Bamie,” 7–8, 18, 22, 38, 57
Roosevelt, Anna (daughter), 32, 33, 98, 124, 152, 325, 369–370, 373, 396, 413, 419, 422, 432
Roosevelt, Anna Hall, 27
Roosevelt, Archibald, 76, 77, 369
Roosevelt, Eleanor, early years
at Allenswood school in London, 27–28
care of Franklin during polio crisis, 96
childhood, 27
at Democratic state convention (1912), 46–47
end of sexual childbearing phase of life, 59
in France with Franklin, 82–83
Franklin, marriage to, 30–32
Franklin’s affair with Lucy Mercer, discovery of, 81–82
as homemaker and mother, 32–33
Missy LeHand, relationship with, 95, 101
move to Washington, DC, 57
personality traits, 27, 29, 72–73
Sara Roosevelt, relationship with, 32, 81
settlement work and reform causes, 29, 30
social obligations, 58
typhoid fever, infection with, 48
war work, 72
wartime food conservation plan, 72
Roosevelt, Eleanor, as major public figure
at 1940 Democratic national convention, 311
Al Smith, campaigning for, 112
birth control, support for, 125
charisma of, 115
close friends, 114, 253
Earl Miller and, 126
emotional estrangement from Franklin, 369–370
as First Lady of New York State, 125
with Franklin at rally for Wagner, 410
at Franklin’s funeral, 432
frequent absences from White House, 368
inspection tours of state facilities, 131–132
League of Nations, support of, 147
Madame Chiang, opinion of, 389
Negro rights, advocacy for, 329
Pearl Harbor, response to attack on, 339
public activities of, 253
public speaking, coaching in by Howe, 112
PWA projects, support for, 195
small bookshops, concern for, 204
social activism, 113
social issues, views on, 115
Todhunter School, as part-owner and teacher at, 114
Val-Kill Cottage, use of as retreat, 114
Roosevelt, Elliott (Eleanor’s father), 8, 27
Roosevelt, Elliott (son), 32, 38, 96, 98, 121, 125, 152, 331–332, 355, 357, 368, 387, 393, 413, 432
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, early years
ambitions for future, 26, 35
birth, 3
childhood, 9–12
at Columbia University Law School, 34
community activities, 37
Eleanor, marriage to, 30–32
family background of, 4–8
golf, interest in, 19, 57
at Groton, 13–17
at Harvard, 20–25
law career, 34–36
personal traits, 11–12, 17, 18, 29–30, 45
relationship with mother, 25, 30, 40
ships, fascination with, 18
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. and, 18, 21, 23–24
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, private life
affair with Lucy Mercer, discovery of, 81–82
charitable and public service activities, 95
excursions to Florida, 100–101
Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland, as Manhattan office vice president, 93, 94
law practice, 93, 94–95
Missy LeHand, relationship with, 95
National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (March of Dimes), establishment of, 104–105
polio, contraction of, 96–100
polio, effects of on character of, 105–106, 128
Spanish influenza and pneumonia, illness with, 80
typhoid fever, illness with, 48
at Warm Springs, Georgia, polio treatment facility, 101–106, 214, 247
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, political career
Al Smith, relationship with, 109, 139–140, 162
Bowers book, review of, 117–119
at Democratic New York state convention, 1912, 46–47
Democratic Party, vision for, 115–117, 160
identity as progressive, 45
as leader of Democratic Party insurgents, 42–44
New York state senate, campaign for, 38–40
nomination of Smith at 1924 Democratic convention, 110–111
nomination of Smith at 1928 Democratic convention, 120–121
policy advisors (“brain trust”), 145
political beliefs, 43, 85, 205
political game plan, 107–108
political situation in 1912, 46
reelection as New York state senator, 49
Tammany, relationship with, 63, 89, 109, 119
Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., influence of, 37, 45
Theodore Roosevelt III (Ted), rivalry with, 92, 112
US senate seat, campaign for, 62–63
vice-presidential nomination and campaign (1920), 89–92
Woodrow Wilson, support of, 46–47
World War I war debts, position on, 146–147
See also Roosevelt, as secretary of the navy; Roosevelt, as governor of New York; Roosevelt, as peacetime president; Roosevelt, as wartime president
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, as assistant secretary of the navy
assistant secretary of navy, appointment as, 54
Man of Destiny: FDR and the Making of the American Century Page 69