The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
Page 81
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Notes
Part One: Excellent Opportunities: 1600–89
1: My New-Found Land: North America
1 Andrews, 39, 81–2.
2 The Historye of the Bermudas or Somers Islands, 35–6.
3 Kupperman, ‘Fear of Hot Climates &c.’, WMQ, 41, 218.
4 Monson, 2, 289.
5 CSP, America and the West Indies, 1574–1660, 25.
6 Sondem, ‘Rogues, Whores &c.’, JSH, 3, passim.
7 Raleigh, 115.
2: Baubles for the Souls of Men: The West and East Indies
1 Documents Concerning English Voyages to the Spanish Main, 120–21, 127–8.
2 Kupperman, ‘The Puzzle of the American Climate &c.’, AHR, 87, 1266.
3 Buckley, ‘The Destruction of the British Army &c.’, JSAHR, 56. passim.
4 Venables, 42, 7.
5 Beckles, ‘A “riotous and unruly lot” &c.’, WMQ, 47, 519–21.
6 HMC, Stuart, III, 304–5.
7 CSF, America and the West Indies, 1661–1668, 167.
8 Ibid., 1681–1685, 25.
9 Phillips, 363.
10 F.R. Ward, 26–7.
11 Handler and Corruccini, JIDH, 14, passim.
12 Bowrey, 3, 5, 11.
3: The Necessary Union of Plantations: Crown and Colonies
1 Gregg, ‘Shipmasters &c.’, MM, 77, 107.
2 Hornstein, 19–21.
3 Venables, 109.
4 CSP, America and the West Indies, 1661–1668, 281–2.
5 Ibid., 22–3.
6 Ibid., 1675–1676, 498.
7 Ibid., 476–7.
8 Ibid., 1689–1693, 110.
9 Ibid., 1700, 217.
10 PRO, CO 23/23, 28.
4: Dispositions of Providence: The Colonists
1 M. Green, 81.
2 Jordan, 65.
3 CSP, America and the West Indies, 1675–1676, 526.
4 Fischer, 229.
5 Carr and Walsh, ‘The Planter’s Wife &c.’, WMQ, 34, 543.
6 Cressy, Coming Over, 71.
7 Ibid., 117.
8 Ibid., 97.
9 CSP, America and the West Indies, 1661–1668, 145.
10 Isaacs, 39–40.
11 CSP, America and the West Indies, 1689–1692, 666–73, 732–4.
12 Ibid., 316; Hart, 2, 21.
13 Jordan, 109–10.
14 Gaspar, ‘The Antigua Conspiracy &c.’, WMQ, 35, 322.
15 N.L.S., Colin Campbell, ‘The Voyage of the Unicorn’, 29 September 1698.
16 CSF, America and the West Indies, 1675–1676
, 205.
17 Mun, 3.
18 Hudson’s Bay Miscellany, 1670–1870, passim.
19 Hudson’s Bay Company, Letters Outward, 1638–1696, 131.
Part Two: Persist and Conquer, 1689–1815
1: Rule of the Main: The Making of British Seapower, 1689–1748
1 Crouzet, ‘The Sources of England’s Wealth &c.’, in ed. Cottrell and Aldcroft, Shipping, Trade and Commerce, 71.
2 PRO, Adm 1/3962, I, 149.
3 McNeill, 167.
4 Burdett, 305, 320–21.
5 Marcus, I, 220–21.
6 The History of the House of Commons from the Restoration to the Present Time, 12, 15.
7 Ibid., 65.
8 SRO, Clerk of Penicuik, GD 18/4181.
9 The History of the Proceedings of the Third Parliament of King George II held in the Years 1741 and 1742, 2, 304.
2: Tis to Glory we Steer: Gains and Losses, 1749–83
1 Rodger, chapter V, passim.
2 Lemisch, ‘Jack Tar in Streets &c.,’ WMQ, 25, 383.
3 Rodger, 85–7.
4 Boscawen, 205.
5 T. Hansard, The Parliamentary History of England from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, 15, 1266–7.
6 Jenkins, 125–7.
7 PRO, Adm 1/54.
8 Smollett, Continuation of the Complete History of England, II, 115.
9 Smollett, Letters, 87.
10 Spadafora, 220.
11 Gentleman’s Magazine, 29, 585.
12 Ibid, 587.
13 J. Brown, 35–6, 62, 74, 88–9.
14 Watts, No. 454.
15 Smollett, Continuation of the Complete History of England, I, 480.
16 PRO, Adm 1/3946, 157, 193; Tracy, 12 ff.
17 PRO, Adm 1/3836, 63, 108–9, 188.
18 Tracy, 29.
19 PRO, Adm 1/3966, 1, 140–41, 186–7, 266, 296–8.
20 SRO, Logan Hume, GD1/384.
21 Spinney, ‘Rodney and the Saints &c.’, MM, 68, 381–2, 338.
22 Clowes, 3, 467.
3: The Empire of America: Settlement and War, 1689–1775
1 Nammack, xv.
2 Ibid., 43.
3 Leach, 146–7.
4 Documents of the American Revolution, 7, 91.
5 M.G. Lawson, passim.
6 Northcliffe Collection, 73.
7 McCardell, 161.
8 Syrett, ‘The Methodology of British Operations &c.’, MM, 68, passim.
9 B. Wilson, 353.
10 HMC, Stopford-Sackville, II, 226.
11 N. Martin, ‘A Different Kind of Courage &c.’, CHR, 70, 58.
12 B. Wilson, 379–80.
13 HMC, Stopford-Sackville, II, 264.
14 Northcliffe Collection, 81.
15 Bailyn and De Wolfe, 53.
16 Ibid., 41.
17 R.M. Brown, 6–7.
18 Nammack, 89–90.
4: The Descendants of Britons: North America Rebels, 1765–75
1 PRO, CO 227/2, 3d.
2 NLS, Stuart Stevenson, Ms 5375, 31d; Berger, 55.
3 SRO, Peebles Diary, GD 21/492/3, 15.
4 SRO, Robertson Papers, GD 172/2599, 26.
5 Documents of the American Revolution, 9, 75.
6 Papers of Benjamin Franklin, 17, 268–9.
7 SRO, Peebles Diary, GD, 21/492/3, 14.
8 Isaacs, 162.
9 Flick, 9.
10 Documents of the American Revolution, 9, 107.
11 Ibid., 2, 50.
12 Ibid., 9, 60.
13 Grainger, 67.
14 Naval Documents of the American Revolution, 1, 27.
5: The World Turned Upside Down: The American War of Independence, 1775–83
1 Documents of the American Revolution, 9, 60.
2 Cowper, 569–70.
3 Naval Documents of the American Revolution, 1, 125.
4 Documents of the American Revolution, 9, 65.
5 NLS, Stuart Stevenson, Ms 5375, 31d.
6 Clinton, 569.
7 Conway, ‘British Army Officers &c.’, WMQ, 41, 375.
8 Barker, ‘The Diary of Lieutenant John Barker’, JSAHR, 7, 101.
9 SRO, Peebles Diary, GD 21/492/11, 6.
10 Conway, ‘The Recruitment of Criminals &c.’, BIHR, 58, 380–81.
11 Attwood, 233, 238.
12 HMC, Hastings, III, 167, 169.
13 SRO, Peebles Diary, GD 21/492/3, 12.
14 Clinton, 56.
15 Berger, 27.
16 NLS, Stuart Stevenson, Ms 5375, 30–30d.
17 Kaplan, ‘The Hidden War &c.’, WMQ, 47, 122–3.
18 W. Smith, 39.
19 Clinton, 62, note 7.
20 Gruber, 233, 238–9.
21 SRO, Robertson, GD 172/2599, 52.
22 Berger, 91.
23 Ibid., 100–1.
24 SRO, Peebles Diary, GD 21/492, 4, 9.
6: The Terror of Our Arms: Conquest and Trade in India, 1689–1815
1 SRO, Dalrymple, GD 110/1021, 4.
2 Stokes, The Peasant and the Raj, 26.
3 Orme, I, 265.
4 Chauduri, 232.
5 Ibid., 97.
6 SRO, Seaforth, GD 46/17/4, 512.
7 NAM, Memoirs of a Dragoon, 60–61, 65.
8 Blakiston, 1, 229–30.
9 Malcolm, I, 51, note, 208, 259.
10 SRO, Seaforth, GD 46/17/4, 434–9, 448, 532.
11 Malcolm, I, 8.
12 PRO, Adm 2/5119.
13 Altick, 299–300.
14 NLS, Tweeddale, Ms 14558, 18d.
15 Metcalfe, I, 54.
16 NLS, Stuart, Ms 8252, 63.
17 PRO, WO 3/610, 163–4.
18 AJ, 1, (1816), 66.
19 Kaye, I, 93.
20 AJ, 1 (1816), 145–6.
21 Kaye, I, 29.
22 Malcolm, I, 23.
23 Ibid., 269.
24 PRO, WO 1/902, 174.
25 Doveton, ‘Companies Troops &c.’, AJ, New Series, 1 (1843), 651.
26 PRO, WO 1/343, 56, 71–5.
7: The Desert of Waters: The Pacific and Australasia
1 Vancouver, I, 34.
2 Gough, 2n.
3 Vancouver, I, 44.
4 Bligh, 6–7.
5 R. Porter, in ed. R. Porter, Exoticism and Enlightenment, 126–7.
6 Quarterly Review, 2 (1811), 52.
7 Ibid., 33.
8 Anon, ‘Review of R. Perceval &c.’, Edinburgh Review, 3, 31.
9 Lang, I, 119.
10 House of Commons Select Papers of the Eighteenth Century … Quebec and New South Wales, 1791–1792, 119.
11 PRO, CO 201/11, 11–12.
12 Lieutenant Collins, xi-xiii.
13 Anon, ‘A Convict’s Recollections’, London Magazine, 2, 51.
14 PRO, CO 201/11, 9–10.
15 Ibid., 49, 105.
16 Ibid., 9–10.
17 Anon, A Concise History of the English Colony in New South Wales, xvi.
18 PRO, WO 92/1, 13; CO 201/11, 11.
19 Lang, 1, 119.
8: Wealth and Victory: The Struggle against France, 1793–1815
1 Anti-Jacobin, 9 April 1798.
2 P.K. O’Brien, in ed. Dickinson, Britain and the French Revolution, passim.
3 T. Hansard, The Parliamentary History of England from the Earliest Time to the Year 1803, 35, 1073–4.
4 Anti-Jacobin, 25 May 1798.
5 Dalton, 247.
6 Buckley, ‘The Destruction of the British Army &c.’, JSAHR, 56, passim.
7 PRO, CO 318/31, 141, 152, 153.
8 PRO, Adm 1/265.
9 NLS, Cochrane, Ms 2315, 21–2.
10 PRO, Adm 54/1.
11 PRO, Adm 1/4366.
12 PRO, Adm 1/3994.
13 HMC, Bathurst, 672.
14 De Latocnaye, 100–101, 112, 166, 311.
15 Dickinson, in ed. Dickinson, Britain and the French Revolution, passim.
16 Anti-Jacobin, 1 January 1798.
17 Simond, I, 21.
18 Blackwoods Ma
gazine, 6 (February 1820), 578.
19 NAM, Memoirs of a Dragoon, 90.
20 Denman, 39.
Part Three: Wider Still and Wider: 1815–1914
1: Power and Greatness: Commerce, Seapower and Strategy, 1815–70
1 Desmond and Moore, 176–7.
2 Livingstone, 293.
3 NAM, Pine, 18 July 1844; August, no date.
4 Cam and Hopkins, The Political Economy &c.’, Ec.HR, 33, 476.
5 PRO, Adm 1/221, 579.
6 HMC, Bathurst, 535–6.
7 Bartlett, 261–2.
8 PRO, Adm 1/5603.
9 PRO, Adm 1/5548; FO 406/8, 152.
10 PRO, Adm 127/58.
11 PRO, Adm 125/43.
12 Hansard, 3rd Series, 111, 301.
13 Ibid., 144, 1823–4, 1830.
14 PRO, Adm 53/10269; Clowes, 6, 235–7, 239–43.
15 PRO, Adm 123/10.
16 G Smith, ix.
17 Bartlett, 23.
18 British and Foreign Review, 1 (July–October 1835), 102–3.
19 Anon, India, Great Britain and Russia, 48.
20 Maw, 106.
21 Anon, ‘The Invasion of India’, Blackwoods Magazine, 22 (September 1827) passim.
2: We are Going as Civilisers: Empire and Public Opinion, 1815–80
1 Sun, 2 January 1847.
2 Standard, 2 June 1840.
3 Denman, 24.
4 Livingstone, 256–7.
5 Bratton, Cave, Gregory, Holder and Pickering, 131.
6 Heber, I, 33.
7 Anon, Slavery No Oppression, 20.
8 Anti-Jacobin, 26 (January 1807), 26, 29.
9 Barbados Report &c.., 17.
10 HMC, Bathurst, 549–50.
11 Anon, Slavery No Oppression, 17.
12 Gurney, 61, 184.
13 British Parliamentary Papers, Colonies General, 1, 14–15, 75.
14 West India Colonies and Mauritius &c., 21, 309.
15 Binney, 5.
16 Blackwoods, 6 (October 1819), 80–81.
17 Wells, 145.
18 PRO, Adm 1/6491.
19 Brooke, II, 323.
20 Altick, 283.
21 Wells, 158–9.
22 The Standard, 10 January 1840; 24 March 1840.
23 Illustrated London News, 13 March 1852.
24 Burn, 84.
25 National Review, (January 1858), 17.
26 Report of the Jamaica Royal Commission, 1122.
27 Quarterly Review, 120, (July 1866), 257, 259.
28 Guy, The Destruction of the Zulu Kingdom, 62.
29 The Witness, 18 January 1865.
3: The Mission of Our Race: Britain and the ‘New Imperialism’, 1880–1902
1 PRO, Adm 123/10.
2 Platt, ‘Economic Factors &c.,’ PP, 39, 131.
3 Williamson, Donkey Boy, 46–7, 48.