How Not to Die

  65. Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A. Meat intake and mortality: a prospective study of over half a million people. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):562–71.

  66. Popkin BM. Reducing meat consumption has multiple benefits for the world’s health. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):543.

  67. Dixon SJ, Stockwell BR. The role of iron and reactive oxygen species in cell death. Nat Chem Biol. 2014;10(1):9–17.

  68. Hurrell R, Egli I. Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(5):1461S–7S.

  69. Cook JD. Adaptation in iron metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;51(2):301–8.

  70. Fonseca-Nunes A, Jakszyn P, Agudo A. Iron and cancer risk—a systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014;23(1):12–31.

  71. Yang W, Li B, Dong X, et al. Is heme iron intake associated with risk of coronary heart disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Nutr. 2014;53(2):395–400.

  72. Bao W, Rong Y, Rong S, Liu L. Dietary iron intake, body iron stores, and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2012;10:119.

  73. Zacharski LR, Chow BK, Howes PS, et al. Decreased cancer risk after iron reduction in patients with peripheral arterial disease: results from a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(14):996–1002.

  74. Edgren G, Nyrén O, Melbye M. Cancer as a ferrotoxic disease: are we getting hard stainless evidence? J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(14):976–7.

  75. Corpet DE. Red meat and colon cancer: should we become vegetarians, or can we make meat safer? Meat Sci. 2011;89(3):310–6.

  76. Farmer B, Larson BT, Fulgoni VL 3rd, Rainville AJ, Liepa GU. A vegetarian dietary pattern as a nutrient-dense approach to weight management: an analysis of the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999–2004. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111(6):819–27.

  77. Iron deficiency—United States, 1999–2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002;51(40):897–9.

  78. Craig WJ, Mangels AR. Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109(7):1266–82.

  79. Tiwari AK, Mahdi AA, Chandyan S, et al. Oral iron supplementation leads to oxidative imbalance in anemic women: a prospective study. Clin Nutr. 2011;30(2):188–93.

  80. Saunders AV, Craig WJ, Baines SK, Posen JS. Iron and vegetarian diets. Med J Aust. 2013;199(4 Suppl):S11–6.

  81. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2014. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2014.

  82. Iodice S, Gandini S, Maisonneuve P, Lowenfels AB. Tobacco and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2008;393(4):535–45.

  83. Kolodecik T, Shugrue C, Ashat M, Thrower EC. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer: underlying mechanisms and potential targets. Front Physiol. 2013;4:415.

  84. Thiébaut AC, Jiao L, Silverman DT, et al. Dietary fatty acids and pancreatic cancer in the NIH-AARP diet and health study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(14):1001–11.

  85. Landrigan PJ. Preface. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;643:xv–xvi.

  86. Weiner R, Rees D, Lunga FJ, Felix MA. Third wave of asbestos-related disease from secondary use of asbestos. A case report from industry. S Afr Med J. 1994;84(3):158–60.

  87. Johnson ES, Zhou Y, Lillian Yau C, et al. Mortality from malignant diseases-update of the Baltimore union poultry cohort. Cancer Causes Control. 2010;21(2):215–21.

  88. Felini M, Johnson E, Preacely N, Sarda V, Ndetan H, Bangara S. A pilot case-cohort study of liver and pancreatic cancers in poultry workers. Ann Epidemiol. 2011;21(10):755–66.

  89. Lynch SM, Vrieling A, Lubin JH, et al. Cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer: a pooled analysis from the pancreatic cancer cohort consortium. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(4):403–13.

  90. Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Nöthlings U, et al. Meat and fish consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(3):617–24.

  91. Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Jakobsen MU, et al. Consumption of meat and dairy and lymphoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer. 2011;128(3):623–34.

  92. Lotti M, Bergamo L, Murer B. Occupational toxicology of asbestos-related malignancies. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010;48(6):485–96.

  93. Marvisi M, Balzarini L, Mancini C, Mouzakiti P. A new type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis: salami brusher’s disease. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2012;77(1):35–7.

  94. Yang ZY, Yuan JQ, Di MY, et al. Gemcitabine plus erlotinib for advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(3):e57528.

  95. Li L, Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Abbruzzese J, Kurzrock R. Nuclear factor-kappaB and IkappaB kinase are constitutively active in human pancreatic cells, and their down-regulation by curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is associated with the suppression of proliferation and the induction of apoptosis. Cancer. 2004;101(10):2351–62.

  96. Dhillon N, Aggarwal BB, Newman RA, et al. Phase II trial of curcumin in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(14):4491–9.

  97. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Turati F, et al. Nutrient-based dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer risk. Ann Epidemiol. 2013;23(3):124–8.

  98. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Abbey DE, Fraser GE, Phillips RL. Dietary habits and past medical history as related to fatal pancreas cancer risk among Adventists. Cancer. 1988;61(12):2578–85.

  99. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2014. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2014.

  100. Bagnardi V, Rota M, Botteri E, et al. Light alcohol drinking and cancer: a meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(2):301–8.

  101. Rubenstein JH, Chen JW. Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2014;43(1):1–14.

  102. Lagergren J, Bergström R, Lindgren A, Nyrén O. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(11):825–31.

  103. Pohl H, Welch HG. The role of overdiagnosis and reclassification in the marked increase of oesophageal adenocarcinoma incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(2):142–6.

  104. Parasa S, Sharma P. Complications of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013;27(3):433–42.

  105. El-Serag HB. Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5(1):17–26.

  106. De Ceglie A, Fisher DA, Filiberti R, Blanchi S, Conio M. Barrett’s esophagus, oesophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas: the role of diet. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2011;35(1):7–16.

  107. Navarro Silvera SA, Mayne ST, Risch H, et al. Food group intake and risk of subtypes of oesophageal and gastric cancer. Int J Cancer. 2008;123(4):852–60.

  108. Nebel OT, Castell DO. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure changes after food ingestion. Gastroenterology. 1972;63(5):778–83.

  109. Becker DJ, Sinclair J, Castell DO, Wu WC. A comparison of high and low fat meals on postprandial oesophageal acid exposure. Am J Gastroenterol. 1989;84(7):782–6.

  110. Charlton KE, Tapsell LC, Batterham MJ, et al. Pork, beef and chicken have similar effects on acute satiety and hormonal markers of appetite. Appetite. 2011;56(1):1–8.

  111. Mitsukawa T, Takemura J, Ohgo S, et al. Gallbladder function and plasma cholecystokinin levels in diabetes mellitus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1990;85(8):981–5.

  112. Matsuki N, Fujita T, Watanabe N, et al. Lifestyle factors associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese population. J Gastroenterol. 2013;48(3):340–9.

  113. Jung JG, Kang HW, Hahn SJ, et al. Vegetarianism as a protective factor for reflux esophagitis: a retrospective, cross-sectional study between Buddhist priests and general population. Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58(8):2244–52.

  114. Fashner J, Gitu AC. Common gastrointestinal symptoms: risks of longterm proton pump inhibitor therapy. FP Essent. 2013;413:29–39.

  115. Terry P, Lagergren J,
Ye W, Nyrén O, Wolk A. Antioxidants and cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Int J Cancer. 2000;87(5):750–4.

  116. Ekström AM, Serafini M, Nyrén O, Hansson LE, Ye W, Wolk A. Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: a population-based case-control study in Sweden. Int J Cancer. 2000;87(1):133–40.

  117. Nilsson M, Johnsen R, Ye W, Hveem K, Lagergren J. Lifestyle related risk factors in the aetiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Gut. 2004;53(12):1730–5.

  118. Coleman HG, Murray LJ, Hicks B, et al. Dietary fibre and the risk of precancerous lesions and cancer of the esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2013;71(7):474–82.

  119. Burkitt DP. Hiatus hernia: is it preventable? Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34(3):428–31.

  120. Burkitt DP, James PA. Low-residue diets and hiatus hernia. Lancet. 1973;2(7821):128–30.

  121. Burkitt DP, James PA. Low-residue diets and hiatus hernia. Lancet. 1973;2(7821):128–30.

  122. Burkitt DP. Two blind spots in medical knowledge. Nurs Times. 1976;72(1):24–7.

  123. Burkitt DP. Hiatus hernia: is it preventable? Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34(3):428–31.

  124. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2014. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2014.

  125. Polednak AP. Trends in survival for both histologic types of oesophageal cancer in US surveillance, epidemiology and end results areas. Int J Cancer. 2003;105(1):98–100.

  126. Chen T, Yan F, Qian J, et al. Randomized phase II trial of lyophilized strawberries in patients with dysplastic precancerous lesions of the esophagus. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012;5(1):41–50.

  127. Chen T, Yan F, Qian J, et al. Randomized phase II trial of lyophilized strawberries in patients with dysplastic precancerous lesions of the esophagus. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012;5(1):41–50.

  128. Eaton SB, Konner M, Shostak M. Stone agers in the fast lane: chronic degenerative diseases in evolutionary perspective. Am J Med. 1988;84(4):739–49.

  129. King DE, Mainous AG, Lambourne CA. Trends in dietary fibre intake in the United States, 1999–2008. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112(5):642–8.

  130. Zhang N, Huang C, Ou S. In vitro binding capacities of three dietary fibres and their mixture for four toxic elements, cholesterol, and bile acid. J Hazard Mater. 2011;186(1):236–9.

  131. Moshfegh A, Goldman J, Cleveland l. What We Eat in America, NHANES 2001–2002: Usual Nutrient Intakes from Food Compared to Dietary Reference Intakes. Washington, D.C.: US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; 2005.

  5. How Not to Die from Infections

  1. Civil Practice And Remedies Code. Title 4. Liability in Tort. Chapter 96. False Disparagement of Perishable Food Products. Texas Constitution and Statutes. http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/­Docs/­CP/­htm/­CP.96.htm. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  2. Civil Practice and Remedies Code. Title 4. Liability in Tort. Chapter 96. False Disparagement of Perishable Food Products. Texas Constitution and Statutes.http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/­Docs/­CP/­htm/­CP.96.htm. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  3. Oppel Jr RA. Taping of farm cruelty is becoming the crime. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/­2013/04/­07/us/­taping-of-farm-cruelty-is-becoming-the-crime.html. April 6, 2013. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  4. Shrestha SS, Swerdlow DL, Borse RH, et al. Estimating the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in the United States (April 2009–April 2010). Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52 Suppl 1:S75–82.

  5. Woolhouse ME, Gowtage-Sequeria S. Host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens. Emerging Infect Dis. 2005;11(12):1842–7.

  6. Epstein PR, Chivian E, Frith K. Emerging diseases threaten conservation. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111(10):A506–7.

  7. Espinosa de los Monteros LE, Galán JC, Gutiérrez M, et al. Allele-specific PCR method based on pncA and oxyR sequences for distinguishing Mycobacterium bovis from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: intraspecific M. bovis pncA sequence polymorphism. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(1):239–42.

  8. Esmail H, Barry CE, Young DB, Wilkinson RJ. The ongoing challenge of latent tuberculosis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond, B, Biol Sci. 2014;369(1645):20130437.

  9. Daszak P, Cunningham AA. Emerging infectious diseases: a key role for conservation medicine. In: Aguirre AA, Ostfeld RS, Tabor GM, et al. Conservation Medicine: Ecological Health in Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2002:40–61.

  10. McMichael AJ. Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease, Past Patterns, Uncertain Futures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001.

  11. Torrey EF, Yolken RH. Beasts of the Earth, Animals, Humans, and Disease. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press; 2005.

  12. McMichael AJ. Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease, Past Patterns, Uncertain Futures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2001.

  13. Van Heuverswyn F, Peeters M. The origins of HIV and implications for the global epidemic. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2007;9(4):338–46.

  14. Whon TW, Kim MS, Roh SW, Shin NR, Lee HW, Bae JW. Metagenomic characterization of airborne viral DNA diversity in the near-surface atmosphere. J Virol. 2012;86(15):8221–31.

  15. USDA. Microbiological testing of AMS purchased meat, poultry and egg commodities. http://www.ams.usda.gov/­AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateA&navID=MicrobialTestingofCommodities&rightNav1=MicrobialTestingofCommodities&topNav=&leftNav=&page=FPPMicroDataReports&resultType=&acct=lsstd. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Deaths: final data for 2013 table 10. Number of deaths from 113 selected causes. National Vital Statistics Report. 2016;64(2).

  17. Barker J, Stevens D, and Bloomfield SF. Spread and prevention of some common viral infections in community facilities and domestic homes. J Appl Microbiol. 2001;91(1):7–21.

  18. Boone SA, Gerba CP. The occurrence of influenza A virus on household and day care center fomites. J Infect. 2005;51(2):103–9.

  19. World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/­books/­n/­whohand/pdf/. Accessed April 4, 2015.

  20. How does the immune system work? PubMed Health. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/­pubmedhealth/­PMH0010386/. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  21. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of pneumococcal disease: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1997;46(RR-08):1–24.

  22. Gibson A, Edgar J, Neville C, et al. Effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on immune function in older people: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(6):1429–36.

  23. USDA. Food availability (per capita) Data System. Fresh kale: per capita availability adjusted for loss. http://www.ers.usda.gov/­datafiles/­Food_Availabily_Per_Capita_Data_System/­LossAdjusted_Food_Availability/­veg.xls. Accessed March 3, 2015.

  24. Nishi K, Kondo A, Okamoto T, et al. Immunostimulatory in vitro and in vivo effects of a water-soluble extract from kale. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(1):40–6.

  25. Nishi K, Kondo A, Okamoto T, et al. Immunostimulatory in vitro and in vivo effects of a water-soluble extract from kale. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2011;75(1):40–6.

  26. Macdonald TT, Monteleone G. Immunity, inflammation, and allergy in the gut. Science. 2005;307(5717):1920–5.

  27. United States Census Bureau. Median and average square feet of floor area in new single-family houses completed by location. https://www.census.gov/­const/C25Ann/­sftotalmedavgsqft.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2015.

  28. Sheridan BS, Lefrançois L. Intraepithelial lymphocytes: To serve and protect. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2010;12(6):513–21.

  29. Hooper LV. You AhR what you eat: linking diet and immunity. Cell. 2011;147(3):489–91.

  30. Esser C. Biology and function of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor: report of an international and interdisciplinary conference. Arch Toxicol. 2012;86(8):1323–9.

  31. Veldhoen M. Direct interactions between int
estinal immune cells and the diet. Cell Cycle. 2012 Feb 1;11(3):426–7.

  32. Hooper LV. You AhR what you eat: linking diet and immunity. Cell. 2011;147(3):489–91.

  33. Savouret JF, Berdeaux A, Casper RF. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its xenobiotic ligands: A fundamental trigger for cardiovascular diseases. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003;13(2):104–13.

  34. Ashida H, Fukuda I, Yamashita T, Kanazawa K. Flavones and flavonols at dietary levels inhibit a transformation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by dioxin. FEBS Lett. 2000;476(3):213–7.

  35. Ashida H, Fukuda I, Yamashita T, Kanazawa K. Flavones and flavonols at dietary levels inhibit a transformation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by dioxin. FEBS Lett. 2000;476(3):213–7.

  36. Alhaider AA, El Gendy MAM, Korashy HM, El-Kadi AOS. Camel urine inhibits the cytochrome P450 1a1 gene expression through an AhR-dependent mechanism in Hepa 1c1c7 cell line. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;133(1):184–90.

  37. Watts AR, Lennard MS, Mason SL, Tucker GT, Woods HF. Beeturia and the biological fate of beetroot pigments. Pharmacogenetics. 1993;3(6):302–11.

  38. Yalindag-Ozturk N, Ozdamar M, Cengiz P. Trial of garlic as an adjunct therapy for multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in a critically ill infant. J Altern Complement Med. 2011;17(4):379–80. Epub 2011 Apr 11.

  39. Seeram NP. Recent trends and advances in berry health benefits research. J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58(7):3869–70.

  40. Seeram NP. Berry fruits for cancer prevention: Current status and future prospects. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(3):630–5.

  41. Caligiuri MA. Human natural killer cells. Blood. 2008;112(3):461–9.

  42. McAnulty LS, Nieman DC, Dumke CL, et al. Effect of blueberry ingestion on natural killer cell counts, oxidative stress, and inflammation prior to and after 2. 5 H of running. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011;36(6):976–84.

  43. Majdalawieh AF, Carr RI. In vitro investigation of the potential immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities of black pepper (Piper nigrum) and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum). J Med Food. 2010;13(2):371–81.

  44. Bager P, Wohlfahrt J, Westergaard T. Caesarean delivery and risk of atopy and allergic disease: Meta-analyses. Clin Exp Allergy. 2008;38(4):634–42