I Wish My Teacher Knew
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112In My Classroom, Tara Seekins Personal conversation with Tara Seekins.
115Alyssa Hemmelgarn Personal conversation with Joe and Carole Hemmelgarn, alyssacares.org.
116Grief and Loss Inventory Linda Goldman, Great Answers to Difficult Questions about Death (Jessica Kingsley Publications, 2009).
117Example of Grief and Loss Inventory Adapted from Linda Goldman, Great Answers to Difficult Questions about Death (Jessica Kingsley Publications, 2009).
119“. . . more caring human beings.” Linda Goldman, Children Also Grieve (Jessica Kingsley Publications, 2006).
Chapter 5. When Students Are in Danger
121Rihanna’s bruised, face Ken Lee, “Chris Brown Charged with Two Felonies in Rihanna Beating,” People, March 5, 2009.
123children received preventative services “National Statistics on Child Abuse,” National Children’s Alliance, http://www.nationalchildrensalliance.org/media-room/media-kit/national-statistics-child-abuse.
123children who experienced maltreatment “National Statistics on Child Abuse,” National Children’s Alliance, http://www.nationalchildrensalliance.org/media-room/media-kit/national-statistics-child-abuse.
123intimate partner violence Statistics, National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, http://www.ncadv.org/learn/statistics.
123will be sexually abused Catherine Townsend, “Prevalence: 1 in 10,” Darkness to Light, 2013, http://www.d2l.org/site/c4dICIJOkGcISE/b.8766307/k.A6B6/Prevalence_1_in_10.htm.
123“Provide educators with resources . . .” “Dating Abuse and Teen Violence,” National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, https://www.ncadv.org/files/Dating%20Abuse%20and%20Teen%20Violence%20NCADV.pdf.
125experience some form of abuse Christopher Wildeman et al., “The Prevalence of Confirmed Maltreatment Among US Children, 2004–2011,” JAMA Pediatrics, August 2014, http://inequality.hks.harvard.edu/files/inequality/files/wildeman14b.pdf.
125“People who have been traumatized . . .” Become Trauma Informed, http://www.traumainformedcareproject.org/.
126“. . . wired to expect danger” Personal conversation with Dr. James Henry.
127“. . . an empathetic teacher . . .” Personal conversation with Jodi Grove.
128mandatory reporting laws “Mandatory Reporters of Child Abuse and Neglect,” Child Welfare Information Gateway, US Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.childwelfare.gov/topics/systemwide/laws-policies/statutes/manda/.
128Safe Horizon “Child Abuse Facts,” Safe Horizon, http://www.safehorizon.org/page/child-abuse-facts-56.html.
130“. . . disclosures often unfold gradually . . .” “Facts and Statistics.” US Department of Justice NSOPW, https://www.nsopw.gov/en-US/Education/FactsStatistics.
130abuse or neglect is suspected “Child Abuse Symptoms by Mayo Clinic Staff,” Mayo Clinic Patient Care and Health Info, http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/child-abuse/basics/symptoms/con-20033789.
133“As an ally, a teacher . . .” Personal conversation with Wendy O. Osefo.
133“. . . doubled the odds of attending college.” “Benefit of a Mentor: Disadvantaged Teens Twice as Likely to Attend College,” Science Daily, November 2009, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091104161837.htm.
134In My Classroom, Sara Bradbury Personal conversation with Sara Bradbury.
136What My Teacher Didn’t Know, Sophia’s Story Personal conversation with a participant who wishes to remain anonymous and has had her name changed here to “Sophia.”
140a new popular song Personal conversation with Janessa Malisani.
142even when it hurts to listen Personal conversation with Rachel Bernard.
143“Of all professionals . . .” “Facts and Statistics,” US Department of Justice NSOPW, https://www.nsopw.gov/en-US/Education/FactsStatistics.
Chapter 6. Value-Driven Classrooms
147something that develops as a child learns Anne Colby et al., “A Longitudinal Study of Moral Judgment,” Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1983.
148morality is care based Care Ethics, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://www.iep.utm.edu/care-eth/#SH1a.
149an inclusive term encompassing “Partnerships in Character Education State Pilot Projects, 1995–2001 Lessons Learned,” US Department of Education Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools, http://www2.ed.gov/programs/charactered/lessons.pdf.
150What My Teacher Doesn’t Know, Katherine Ocaranza Cortés. Personal conversation with Katherine Ocaranza Cortés.
153“did not yield evidence . . .” “Efficacy of Schoolwide Programs to Promote Social and Character Development and Reduce Problem Behavior in Elementary School Children,” Social and Character Development Research Consortium, US Department of Education, October 2010, https://ies.ed.gov/ncer/pubs/20112001/pdf/20112001.
153“. . . student development and growth.” Jacques S. Benninga et al., Character and Academics: What Good Schools Do (Phi Delta Kappan, February 2006), http://www.fresnostate.edu/kremen/bonnercenter/documents/Character_and_Academics.
153“Schools that teach character education . . .” Jessica Lahey, “The Benefits of Character Education,” Atlantic, May 6, 2013, http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/05/the-benefits-of-character-education275585.
154“. . . creating a climate for learning . . .” Sarah D. Sparks, “Character Education Found to Fall Short in Federal Study,” Education Week, October 21, 2010, http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2010/10/21/09character.h30.html.
156In My Classroom, Luke Morlin Personal conversation with Luke Morlin.
160“collectively, the states reported . . .” “Efficacy of Schoolwide Programs to Promote Social and Character Development and Reduce Problem Behavior in Elementary School Children,” Social and Character Development Research Consortium, US Department of Education, October 2010, https://ies.ed.gov/ncer/pubs/20112001/pdf/20112001.pdf.
161“character strengths and weaknesses.” Paul Tough, “What If the Secret to Success Is Failure,” New York Times Magazine, September 14, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/magazine/what-if-the-secret-to-success-is-failure.html?_r=0.
161“Students’ attention should be focused . . .” Timothy Rusnak, An Integrated Approach to Character Education (Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press).
162“. . . a moral climate within our schools.” Jacques S. Benninga et al., Character and Academics: What Good Schools Do (Phi Delta Kappan, February 2006), http://www.fresnostate.edu/kremen/bonnercenter/documents/Character_and_Academics.pdf.
162Fairness and generosity “Performance Values: Why They Matter and What Schools Can Do to Foster Their Development,” Character Education Parntership, April 2008, http://www.character.org/uploads/PDFs/White_Papers/Performance_Values.pdf.
162three types of values “Character Educational Interventions: Benefits for Character Traits, Behavioral, and Academic Outcomes,” Institute for Educational Sciences, What Works Clearinghouse, http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/character_education/abstract.asp.
163“. . . most important lesson to emerge . . .” “Partnerships in Character Education State Pilot Projects, 1995–2001 Lessons Learned,” US Department of Education Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools, http://www2.ed.gov/programs/charactered/lessons.pdf.
163“What I saw emerging . . .” Sarah D. Sparks, “Character Education Found to Fall Short in Federal Study,” Ed Week, October 21, 2010, http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2010/10/21/09character.h30.html.
165“. . . communicate effectively with others.” Joyce Thomas and Deana McDonagh, “Shared Language: Towards More Effective Communication,” Australasian Medical Journal, January 2013, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3575067/.
167Character Counts Six Pillar Program Six Pillar Rubric, Charactercounts.Org, https://charactercounts.org/pdf/Teaching-Tool_Six-Pillars-Rubric.pdf.
Chapter 7. You Got This!
173“Self-efficacy refers to . . .” “Teaching Tip Sheet: Self Efficacy,” American Psychological Associ
ation, http://www.apa.org/pi/aids/resources/education/self-efficacy.aspx.
174the ability to improve Adapted from Carol Dweck, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success (New York: Random House, 2006).
174a student’s self-talk How Can You Change from a Fixed Mindset to a Growth Mindset? http://mindsetonline.com/changeyourmindset/firststeps/.
177“Pessimism is an entrenched habit. . .” Martin Seligman, The Optimistic Child (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1995).
177“. . . emulate and duplicate behaviors . . .” Learned Optimism: The Cup Half Full, Positive Psychology Program, http://positivepsychologyprogram.com/learned-optimism/.
178In My Classroom, Amy Lyon Personal conversation with Amy Lyon.
179students with more grit Claire Robertson-Kraft and Angela Lee Duckworth, “True Grit: Trait-level Perseverance and Passion for Long-term Goals Predicts Effectiveness and Retention among Novice Teachers,” University of Pennsylvania, 2014, http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~duckwort/images/publications/truegrit.pdf.
183“When I lived in DC . . .” Personal conversation with Angela Watson.
189“. . . strong emphasis on coteaching . . .” Personal conversation with Rob Suglia.
192What My Teacher Doesn’t Know, Aswad Allen’s Story. Personal conversation with Aswad Allen.
194For important skills Adapted from the four-point scale in Classroom Assessments & Grading That Work by Robert J. Marzano (Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development, 2007).
Chapter 8. “I Can’t Wait to Learn More”
200“. . . 40 percent to 60 percent of students . . .” Adena M. Klem and James P. Connell, “Relationships Matter: Linking Teacher Support to Student Engagement and Achievement,” Journal of School Health, September 2004, http://www.irre.org/sites/default/files/publication_pdfs/Klem_and_Connell_2004_JOSH_article_0.pdf.
200“. . . what our students want and need.” Richard Strong, Harvey F. Silver, and Amy Robinson, “Strengthening Student Engagement: What Do Students Want (and what really motivates them?),” Educational Leadership, September 1995, http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/sept95/vol53/num01/Strengthening-Student-Engagement@-What-Do-Students-Want.aspx.
200student engagement Phillip C. Schlechty, Engaging Students: The Next Level of Working on the Work (Jossey-Bass, 2011).
201“Over time, warmth . . .” Carrie J. Furrer, Ellen A. Skinner, and Jennifer R. Pitzer, “The Influence of Teacher and Peer Relationships on Students’ Classroom Engagement and Everyday Motivational Resilience,” National Society for the Study of Education, 2014, http://www.pdx.edu/psy/sites/www.pdx.edu.psy/files/2014-Furrer.Skinner.Pitzer%20(1).pdf.
202“. . . service learning.” K-12 Service-Learning Standards for Quality Practice, National Youth Leadership Council, 2008, https://nylcweb.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/standards_document_mar2015update.pdf.
205In My Classroom, Lauren Fine Personal conversation with Lauren Fine.
208What My Teacher Doesn’t Know, William Yakah Personal conversation with William Yakah.
Conclusion
216“. . . capable of becoming.” Haim G. Ginott, Teacher and Child: A Book for Parents and Teachers (Scribner, 1975).
216The Stockdale Paradox Jim Collins, Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap . . . And Others Don’t (Harper-Business, 2001).
217Our schools are more segregated by race Richard Rothstein, “For Public Schools, Segregation Then, Segregation Since,” Economic Policy Institute, August 27, 2013, http://www.epi.org/publication/unfinished-march-public-school-segregation/.
217More students in our schools than ever Jeanne Batalova and Margie McHugh, “Number and Growth of Students in U.S. Schools in Need of English Instruction,” 2009, Migration Policy Institute, August 2010, http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/number-and-growth-students-us-schools-need-english-instruction-2009.
Index
abandonment, 91, 92, 95, 107
absenteeism, 19
abuse
signs of, 130–133
statistics, 124–125
student experiences, 121–124
Acts of Service, 202–204
Adah, 171–173
adoption, 73, 97, 98–99
Aiden, 157–159
Allen, Aswad, 192–193
allies, identification of, 134–136, 138
Alyssa Cares, 115
American Cancer Society, 92
American Psychological Association, 173
American Society for Nutritional Sciences, 52
American Sociological Review, on divorce and learning, 98
anonymity, 224–225
Antofagasta, Chile, protest against educational inequity in, 150–152
Applied Research Center, 21
Ariela, 185
Atlantic magazine, on character development programs, 153
Australasian Medical Journal, on effective communication, 165–166
awards, 34–36
Backpack Index, 62
Beatrice’s Goat (McBrier), 203
Benji, 28–29
Bernard, Rachel, 11–12, 142
Bonanno, George, 92
bounce-back boxes, 140–141
Bradbury, Sara, 134–135
Brandon, 47
Breakfast in the Classroom, 64–66
breathing activities, 140
Brigham Young University, study on importance of mentors, 133
Briti, 50–51
Brown, Chris, 121
Brown, Molly, 56–57
Bruno, 112–114
Building Communities from the Inside Out (Kretzmann and McKnight), 54
care-based morality, 148
Center for Public Integrity, 21
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 153
Character Counts Six Pillar Program, 167–168
character education
as academic priority, 160
benefits of, 154–155, 218
character rubrics, 166–168
community participation in, 163–164
defined, 149, 152
goals of, 148–149, 152, 169
impact of, 153, 156–159
integration into every lesson, 161–166
language curriculum standards and, 155, 160
as part of school culture, 162–168
reading comprehension and, 160
See also empathy; moral development
Character Education State Pilot Projects, 160–161, 164
character rubrics, 166–168
character traits, 162–164
Character.org, 149, 162
Chase, Bob, 161
Child Protective Services, 125
Child Welfare Information Gateway, 129
Children Also Grieve (Goldman), 119
Children’s Grief Awareness Day campaign, 96
Children’s Healthwatch, 45
Children’s Trauma Assessment Center, 126
Chile, educational inequity in, 150–152
Chris, 41–42
Christmas Store, Mile High Ministries, 60
coach and response, 181–183
coat closets, 60
Coerr, Eleanor, 112
College Fridays, 183–185
College View Elementary School, 62
Collins, Jim, 216
Comer, James, 2
Common Core State Standards, 154–155
community, value of, 13
community-building, 2–3, 166, 183
Community Eligibility Provision, 65–66
community supplies, 61–63
Congressional Coalition Adoption Institute, on adoption and foster care, 73
connections, student-teacher, 2, 12, 26–30, 201–202, 215–216, 218
Cortés, Katherine Ocaranza, 150
Couture, Molly, 31–32
CQC (celebrations, questions, concerns), 83–85
cultural diversity, effect of on learning, 76–77
Daugherty, Rachael Burnett, 98
Department of Justice
, on child abuse, 130, 145
deportation, 15, 21, 91, 97
Division of Violence Prevention, 153
divorce, 72, 91, 97–98
Domestic Violence, National Coalition Against, 123
DonorsChoose.org, 60
Dougy Center, the National Center for Grieving Children & Families, 94, 108–109
Doull Elementary School, 1, 13, 79, 189
Duckworth, Angela, 161, 177–179
Dweck, Carol, 174
Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, 18
Edison Elementary School, Walla Walla, Washington, 126
Educational Leadership magazine, on student engagement, 200
Educational Statistics, National Center for, 43
empathetic questions, individualized interventions, 66–68
empathy
as component of moral character, 163, 165
development of, 155, 218
models of, 157
as motivation for helping others, 204
practicing, 224
results of, 51, 159
shared language and, 165–166
showing, 114
See also character education; moral development
engagement
characteristics of, 201
compared to entertainment, 214
importance to learning, 200
student-teacher relationships and, 201–202
Engaging Students (Schlechty), 200
eviction, 20–21
family
groups, 72, 81–83
inclusive language, 79–81
involvement in student’s education, 74–76, 85–87, 211–213
statistics on variations of, 71–74
family learning projects, 211–213
Family Tree, reimagining, 85–86
Father’s Day, 86–87
Feeding America’s Food Pantry Program, 59
Fine, Lauren, 205
Food Bank of the Rockies, 58
food drawers, 58–59
food insecurity, 45, 49, 52, 58, 66
Food Research and Action Center, 66
foster care, 21, 73, 97
free or reduced-price lunch (FRL), 44–45, 47, 48
Fresno State University, report on character development programs, 153
FRL. See free or reduced-price lunch
gay and lesbian parents, 72
Gentlemen’s Lunch program, 57