64 Wilson E.A. Letters to James William Dell, 20th March 1909, pp. 19–20, in Dell papers, held in Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales, ML MSS 1723.
65 Crane, D. Scott of the Antarctic. Harper Collins, London, 2005. p. 350.
66 William Beardmore (1856–1936), a Glasgow industrialist. He was created a baronet in 1914 and in 1921 he was granted a peerage and became Lord Invernarn.
67 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Ernest Shackleton. SPRI. MS. 1537/2/14/1-3/D.
68 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 182.
69 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 166.
70 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 182.
71 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 173.
72 Richards R.I. Caedmon of Whitby, Whitby, 1985. p. 106
73 Ibid. p. 177.
74 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 189.
75 Ibid. p. 190.
76 Ibid.
77 Ibid. p. 194
78 Ibid. p. 195.
79 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 170.
80 Ibid. p. 196.
Chapter 11
1 Ponting, H. With Scott to the Pole. Bloomsbury, London, 2004. p. 24.
2 Wilson, E.T. Letter to Bernard Wilson. SPRI. MS. 963/4/D.
3 The Geographical Journal. Vol. xxxvi, July 1910. p. 13.
4 King, H.G.R. (ed.) Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’ Expedition to the Antarctic 1910–1912. Blandford Press, London, 1972. p. 12.
5 Wilson, E.T. Letter to Bernard Wilson.1910. SPRI. MS. 963/4/D.
6 Wilson, D.M. and Elder, D.B. Cheltenham in Antarctica: The Life of Edward Wilson. Reardon Publishing, Cheltenham, 2000. p. 84.
7 The Geographical Journal. Vol. xxxvi, July 1910. p. 11.
8 Ibid. p. 12.
9 Ibid. p. 22.
10 Scott, R.F. Scott’s Last Expedition. Vol.1. John Murray, London, 1935. p. xxv.
11 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 13.
12 Ibid. p. 251.
13 Wilson, E.T. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. The Wilson Collection, Cheltenham Art Gallery and Museum, 1955, 550.36. p. 172.
14 Ibid. p. 18. The Manchester Guardian was a national newspaper, now The Guardian.
15 Fiennes, R. Captain Scott. Hodder and Stoughton, London, 2003. p. 170.
16 Seaver, G. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic, John Murray, London, 1950. p. 201.
17 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 169.
18 A marking on ships’ sides showing the limit of legal submersion.
19 Eton is a well-known English public school.
20 Seaver, G. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. John Murray, London, 1947. p. 15.
21 A distinguished Irish Regiment raised in 1690 from around Enniskillen in Northern Ireland.
22 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 172.
23 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 462.
24 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 559/142/9/D.
25 Seaver, G. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 200.
26 Ibid. p. 14.
27 Wilson, E.A. Letters to Sir Clements Markham, 1910. SPRI. MS. 27/D.
28 Cherry-Garrard, A. The Worst Journey in the World. Picador, London, 2001. p. 6.
29 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 23.
30 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 201.
31 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Sir Clements Markham, 1910. SPRI. MS. 27/D.
32 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 152.
33 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 184.
34 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 30.
35 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 15.
36 Wilson, A.E. Letters to Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 599/142/6/D.
37 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 185.
38 Wilson, E.A. Letters to Sir Clements Markham, 1910. SPRI. MS. 27/D.
39 Wilson, A.E. Letters to Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 559/142/6/D.
40 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Sir Clements Markham, 1910. SPRI. MS. 27/D.
41 Wheeler, S. Cherry: A life of Apsley Cherry-Garrard. Jonathan Cape, London, 2001. p. 158.
42 Ibid. p. 194.
43 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 51.
44 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Sir Clements Markham, 1910. SPRI. MS. 27/D.
45 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 54.
46 Huntford, R. Scott and Amundsen. Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1979. p. 322.
47 Ibid. p. 303.
48 Smith, M. I Am Just Going Outside. Spellmont, Staplehurst, 2002. p. 112.
49 Ibid. p. 111.
50 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 43.
51 The wife of the Hon. Charles Christopher Bowen (1813–1936), a keen supporter of the New Zealand preparations for the Scott expedition.
52 Wilson Family Collection, Cheltenham Art Gallery and Museum, 1955, 550.106. (19/19/1912).
53 Lyons, H.G. The British Antarctic Expedition, 1910. Miscellaneous Data. Harrison and Sons, London, 1924. p. 26.
54 Smith. I Am Just Going Outside. p. 118.
55 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 189.
56 Smith. I Am Just Going Outside. p. 119.
57 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 61.
58 Ibid. p. 62.
59 Ibid.
60 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 205.
60 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 64.
61 Ibid.
62 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 12.
63 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 65.
64 Ibid. p. 67.
65 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 209.
66 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 63.
67 Ibid. p. 64.
68 Ibid. p. 61.
69 Jones, M. (ed.) Robert Falcon Scott, Journals: Captain Scott’s Last Expedition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005. p. 47.
70 Ibid. p. 44.
71 Ibid. p. 47.
72 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 211.
73 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 55.
74 Personal communication. Geoff Somers, polar traveller. 2006.
75 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 92.
76 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 87.
77 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 72.
78 Preston, D. A First Rate Tragedy. Constable, London, 1995. p. 164.
79 Ponting, H.G. The Great White South. Duckworth, London, 1932. p. 63.
80 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 200.
81 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 95.
82 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 198.
83 Ibid. p. 199.
84 Hoflehner, J. Frozen History. Roemerstr, Austria, 2003. pp. 164–275.
85 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 108.
87 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 100.
88 Ibid. p. 99.
89 Ibid.
90 Ibid. p. 102.
91 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 116.
92 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 123.
93 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 103.
94 Ibid. p. 104.
95 Smith. I Am Just Going Outside. p. 143.
96 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 105.
97 Ibid.
98 Ibid. p. 106.
99 A natural harbour in the Barrier about 330 miles east of Cape Crozier.
100 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 107.
101 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 135.
102 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 177.
103 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Te
rra Nova’. p 109.
104 Ibid. p. 112.
105 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 194.
106 Ibid. p. 209
107 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 127.
108 Ibid. p. 128
Chapter 12
1 Cherry-Garrard, A. The Worst Journey in the World. Picador, London, 2001.
2 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 559/142/9/D.
3 Seaver, G. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. John Murray, London, 1947. p. 206.
4 Jones, M. (ed.) Robert Falcon Scott, Journals: Captain Scott’s Last Expedition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005. p. 259.
5 Huntford, R. Scott and Amundsen. Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1979. p. 401.
6 Wilson, D.M. and Elder, D.B. Cheltenham in Antarctica: The Life of Edward Wilson. Reardon Publishing, Cheltenham, 2000. p. 89.
7 Wilson, E.T. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. The Wilson Collection, Cheltenham Art Gallery and Museum, 1955, 550.36. p. 205.
8 Wheeler, S. Cherry: A life of Apsley Cherry-Garrard. Jonathan Cape, London, 2001. p. 109.
9 King, H.G.R. (ed.) Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’ Expedition to the Antarctic 1910–1912. Blandford Press, London, 1972. p. 142.
10 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 251.
11 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 205.
12 Ibid.
13 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 242.
14 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 256.
15 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 142.
16 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 256.
17 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 207.
18 Ibid. p. 207.
19 Soloman, S. The Coldest March. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2001. p. 152.
20 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 245.
21 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals, p. 256.
22 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 143.
23 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 245
24 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 146.
25 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 247.
26 Ibid. p. 246.
27 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 206.
28 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 209.
29 Ibid. p. 207.
30 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 144.
31 Ibid. p. 147.
32 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 208.
33 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 242.
34 Personal discussion. Dr Robert Thomas, Conservation and Research Manager, Edinburgh Zoo, 2006.
35 Ibid.
36 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 274.
37 Ibid. p. 277.
38 Ibid. p. 278.
39 Ibid.
40 Ibid. p. 281.
41 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 156.
42 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 284.
43 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 157.
44 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 286.
45 Ibid.
46 Ibid. p. 287.
47 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 210.
48 Ibid. p. 208.
49 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 289.
50 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 157.
51 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 207.
52 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 259.
53 Cherry-Garrard. The Worst Journey in the World. p. 293.
54 Ibid. p. 304.
55 Ibid.
56 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 255.
57 Wheeler. Cherry: A life of Apsley Cherry-Garrard. p. 118.
58 They had 4,250 K cal per man per day. Cherry-Garrard lost only 1 lb in weight in spite of his trials, Wilson just over three. They were (wrongly) satisfied with their diets. Apart from any other problem, the lack of vitamin C and the inadequate amounts of vitamins A, B and D were to haunt them later.
59 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 260.
60 The South Polar Times. Vol.4. July 1902. p. 3.
61 Wheeler. Cherry: A life of Apsley Cherry-Garrard. p. 119.
62 Wilson. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. p. 211.
63 The South Polar Times. Vol III, Part II, p. 53.
64 The Geographical Journal. Vol. 42, No. 1. p. 15.
65 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 302.
Chapter 13
1 King, H.G.R. (ed.) Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’ Expedition to the Antarctic 1910–1912. Blandford Press, London, 1972. p. 181.
2 After Wilson’s death, Oriana arranged for the pictures to be exhibited separately at the Alpine Club, London.
3 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 182.
4 Seaver, G. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic, John Murray, London, 1950. p. 267.
5 Wilson, E.T. E.A. Wilson: Memoir by his father. The Wilson Collection, Cheltenham Art Gallery and Museum, 1955, 550.36. p. 219.
6 Wilson, E.A. Letter to Mr and Mrs Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 599/142/9/D.
7 Ibid.
8 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 267.
9 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 183.
10 Scott, R.F. Scott’s Last Expedition. Vol.1, John Murray, London, 1935. p. 335.
11 Ibid. p. 342.
12 The Geographical Journal. Vol. xxxvi, July 1910. p. 15.
13 Fiennes, R. Captain Scott. Hodder and Stoughton, London, 2003. p. 239.
14 Lyons, H.G. The British Antarctic Expedition, 1910. Miscellaneous Data. Harrison and Sons, London, 1924. (One geographical mile = 2,027 yards or 1853 m. One statute mile = 1,760 yards or 1,609 m.)
15 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 196.
16 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 360.
17 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 274.
18 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 203.
19 Ibid. p. 206.
20 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 271.
21 Personal communication. Professor Jeffrey Woods, Food and Animal Science Department, University of Bristol, 2006.
22 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 272.
23 Seaver, G. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. John Murray, London, 1947. p. 239.
24 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 212.
25 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 272.
26 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 212.
27 Ibid. p. 213.
28 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 273.
29 Ibid. p. 275.
30 Wilson, E.A. Letters to Mr and Mrs Reginald Smith. SPRI. MS. 559/142/2/D.
31 Ellis, A.R. (ed.) Under Scott’s Command: Lashly’s Antarctic Diaries. Victor Gollancz, London, 1969. p. 131.
32 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 220.
33 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 410.
34 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 221.
35 ‘The British Antarctic Expedition 1910–1913’, Geographical Journal. Vol. 42, No. 1. pp. 11–28.
36 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 412.
37 A copy is in the property of Wilson’s godson’s daughter.
38 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 276.
39 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 230.
40 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 418.
41 Seaver. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. p. 278.
42 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 322.
43 West, J. ‘Acute Mountain Sickness i
n the South Pole’, in High Altitude Medicine and Biology. Vol. 2, No. 4, 2001. p. 559.
44 Cherry-Garrard, A. The Worst Journey in the World. Picador, London, 2001. p. 572. (Rations per man per day consisted of 16oz (454g) biscuits; 12oz (336g) pemmican; 2oz (56g) butter; 0.57oz (0.57g) cocoa; 3oz (84g) sugar; and 0.86oz (24.1g) tea. This totalled 34.43oz daily per man and nearly 4,500 calories per day.)
45 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 285.
46 Vitamin B complex consists of thiamin, riboflavin and nicotinic acid.
47 Jones, M. (ed.) Robert Falcon Scott, Journals: Captain Scott’s Last Expedition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005. p. 375.
48 Ibid. p. 375.
49 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 231.
50 Ibid. p. 232.
51 Jones. Robert Falcon Scott, Journals. p. 376.
52 Smith, M. I Am Just Going Outside. Spellmount, Staplehurst, 2002. p. 204.
53 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 250.
54 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 232.
55 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 424.
56 Ibid.
57 Ibid.
58 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 232.
59 Ibid. p. 233.
60 Seaver. ‘Birdie’ Bowers of the Antarctic. p. 250.
61 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 426.
62 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 237.
63 Ibid. p. 238.
64 Freedman, B.J. ‘Dr Edward Wilson of the Antarctic’, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 74, p. 183.
65 Murbarak, S.J. Exertional Compartment Syndrome. SPRI. Held at location Pam 91(08):(*7)(191013Scott).
66 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 240.
67 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 436.
68 Fiennes. Captain Scott. p. 318. When Fiennes and Stroud were manhauling in the Antarctic, Fiennes lost 25 per cent of his body weight and had virtually no body fat for insulation against the cold, after sixty-eight days’ travel.
69 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 242.
70 Scott. Scott’s Last Expedition. p. 446.
71 King. Edward Wilson: Diary of the ‘Terra Nova’. p. 243.
72 Nasal carriage of staphylococci in an Antarctic community. Hadley, M.D.M. ‘The Staphylococci’, in Proceedings of the Alexander Ogston Centennial Conference. (eds. A. Macdonald and G. Smith) Aberdeen University Press, 1981.
73 Personal communication. Professor T.H. Pennington, University of Aberdeen. 2006.
With Scott in the Antarctic Page 32