A Future Perfect: The Challenge and Promise of Globalization
Page 53
“imperial laissez-faire,” 276
“imperial preferences,” 6
“Impossible Trinity,” 176
income
average wage vs. corporate profits, 315
boss vs. factory worker, 201
p. 373 effects of globalization on, xxvi
executive pay, 67, 246
hourly, in America, 114
impact of globalization on, 111
impact of immigration on, 110
median incomes, America, 201
minimum wage in San Jose, 325, 326
per-capita income in Nigeria, 293
Silicon Valley, average pay in, 205
third world vs. first, 111
United States, median wage in 1990s, 246
wage inflation, 318
India
anti-English language movement in, 185
business schools in, 71
inefficiency of their industries, 20
paternalism in, 18
protectionism in, 18
screening out GM foods, 284
software in, 38
technology in, 32
Indian School of Business, 72
individualism, 332, 336
Indonesia, 52, 152
infant mortality, 252, 254
inflation, in U.S., 108
inflation-driven crises, 20
InfoElec, 146
Infosys, 38
Insead, 70, 231
institutional memory, 76
Intel, 32, 39, 203, 207, 219
International Accounting Standards Committee, 165
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 14
International Criminal Court, 153
International Digital Communications, 314
International Forum on Globalization, 283
International Labor Organization, antiglobalization and, 268
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 14, 151, 161, 162, 164, 181, 237, 338
basic problem with, 172-174
causing and prolonging national crises, 174-175
confidence in, 172
culture, 174
failures of, 176-177
general approach, 174
hatred of, 172
the “Impossible Trinity,” 176
justifying itself, 182
lending to poor countries, 165
loans to South Korea, 46, 47, 58
and questions of national sovereignty, 178
reforming or abolishing, 176-179
stress on market regulation, 175
International Service Systems, Denmark, 122
International Telegraph Union, 163
International Trade Organization (ITO), 14
Internet, 29
censorship and, 146-147
digitalization and, 35-36
downloading music from, 193
effect on corporate life, 107
eventual triumph of, 37-38
failure of Internet firms, 214
getting content from by mobile phones, 132
hastening globalization and, 38-39
impact on prices, 39
military bulletin boards on, 274
numbers using it in 1999, 36
online gambling, 94
pornography distribution on, 80, 82, 83
potential power of, 36
and reinventing business, 38-39
selling toys online, 117
interventionism, 15
investments, 310-314
See also stock market
effects of inflation and interest rates on, 312
globalization and, 315
problem of currency risk, 312
shareholder rights, 312
typical American investor, 312
Iran, xxiv
Iraq, xxiv, 161
Iridium, 41, 123, 274
Iron Curtain, 15, 17
Ishihara, Shintaro, 313
Islam
antiglobalization groups in, 272-273
radical, xxiii, xxiv
threat and opportunity in, xxix
Ispat, 127, 227
Israel, xxiv
Italy
protectionism in, 6
separatist movement in, 154
Ivangorod, Russia, 141, 142, 160
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
J
Jacob, Gilles, 184
James, David, 80
Jang Ha Sung, 61-63
Japan
antiglobalization in, 272
dependence on foreign food, 286
deregulation in, 53-54
educational system in, 298, 299
Internet in, 37
mobile phone use in, 40
option plans, 67
release of sarin gas into Tokyo subway, 272
rules against temporary work, 322
screening out GM foods, 284
p. 374 stock market in, 312, 313
subsidies for rice, 286
takeovers in, 313-315
tradition of industrial planning, 313
Java, 207
J. D. Power, 65
Jefferson, Thomas, 218, 332
Jeremy, Ron, 79
jobs
effect of globalization on, xxvi
employability and, 323, 325
employment and discrimination laws, 323
growth of, 295
insecurity, 309
job-hopping, 318-319
outsourcing, 313-315
stability, 319
temporary workers, 319-320, 322, 326
unemployment, 295
volatility, 320
Jobs, Steve, 323-324
John Paul II, Pope, 267-269, 296
Johnson Electric, 73-75
Joint Venture: Silicon Valley, 217
Jollibee Foods, 127
Jospin, Lionel, 280
J&P Coats, 101
Jujuy, 242, 243
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
K
Kabila, Laurent, 253
Kairamo, Kari, 130
Kaiser, Henry, 220
Kant, Immanuel, 160
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, 134, 238, 239, 305
Kapstein, Ethan B., 318
Kellogg Graduate School of Management, 72
Kelly, Kevin, 107
Kennedy, John F., Jr., 305
Kennedy, William Nassar, 329
Keynes, John Maynard, 269, 332
death of (1946), 14
fellowship at Cambridge, 6-7
first foreign holiday (1906), 3-4
free trade
enthusiasm for, 4-7, 11, 24
opposition to, 9-11
globalization and, 8-25
homosexuality of, 4
on the international division of labor, 9
“Keynesianism,” 8
lecture at University College, Dublin (1933), 9-10
legacy of, 14
at meeting at Bretton Woods, 12-14
as middle-class Londoner (1914), xvii
on national self-sufficiency, 9-10
new vision of globalization, 13-14
on protectionism, 8, 11
relationship with Hayek, 21-22
on system of economic calculation, 9-10
variety and experimentation for each country, 9
on the world before 1914, 7
Keynesian economics, and Fabian political ideas, 17
Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruholla, 272
Khrushchev, Nikita, 213
Kim Dae Jung, 49, 62
Kim Jong Il, 46
KinderCare, 91
Kindleberger, Charles, 180
King, Rodney, 270
Kingston Technology, 79
Kirshenbaum Bond and Partners, 233-234
Kishinami, Roberto, 260
Kissinger, Henry, 159
Klein, Joe, 147-148
Kleiner Perkins Caulfield & Byers, 207
Kleinwort Benson, 31
&nb
sp; Knapp, Ellen, 222, 223, 225, 226, 241
Knowledge-Creating Company, The, 76
“knowledge-management services,” 76
Knowledge Universe, 91, 93
Kohl, Helmut, 299
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, 91
Kolakawski, Leszek, 335
Korea First Bank, 62
Korea University, 61
Kosovo, 155, 162
Krieger, Andy, 56
Krugman, Paul, 56, 59, 172, 173
Kurdistan, 155
Kusnitsov, Georgy, 142, 143, 160
Kyoto Protocol, xxii, 162
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
L
Labor Party (Britain), 16, 17
LaFontaine, Oskar, 109
Lam, Victoria, 221-222
Lamont, Norman, 49
Landes, David, 292, 293
Lang, Jack, 186
language, anti-English language movements abroad, 185-186
Lasch, Christopher, 240
Lassus, Marc, 227
Latin America
“dependency theory,” 18-19
militarism in, 18
Latinos, in Silicon Valley
employed in, 217-218
as a political force, 219
law firms, cross-border mergers, 94
law of accumulated privileges, 202
leadership in global management, 125-126
lead pollution, 261
League of Nations, 163-164
Lear, 74
Learning Company, The, 117
p. 375 Lee.Thea, 275
Lee Kwan Yew, 33, 239, 281
Legend, 127
Le Grand, Julien, 149
Lenin, V. I., 18
Levelers, 332
Levitt, Theodore, 104
L’Horreur Économique, 277
Li, Richard, 231
liberalism, xxv, xxviii, 6, 332-333, 339
Libération, 184
liberty, xxviii-xxix, 331-333
Liebowitz, Stan, 209
life expectancy, 254
Li Ka-shing, 226, 231
Limets, Ants, 141, 142, 160
Linux, 214
Lipton, David, 173
Locke, John, 12, 13, 332
LodgeNet Entertainment, 79, 83
Loewen, Raymond, 86
Loewen Group, 85
Lofaro, Laura, 235
London, 214
Carnival Against Capitalism, 270
deregulation and (“Big Bang”), 52-53
multicultural, 330
London Business School, 70, 123, 227
London School of Economics, 16, 21, 149, 276
costs of regulation in Britain, 294-295
“Long Boom, The,” 107
Long-Term Capital Management, 48, 174, 237
collapse of, 57, 58
Los Angeles, urban regeneration in, 97-98
losers from globalization, 242-263
Russia, 247-250
United States, UAW Local 659 strike in 1998, 66, 243-247, 257
Lowell, Francis Cabot, 120
Lowell, Massachusetts, 120
Lucas, George, 211
Lucent Technologies, 42
Luddism, 33
Lumière brothers, 184
Luttwak, Edward, 246, 277, 283
Luzzatti, Luigi, 6
Lynn, Ginger, 81
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
M
Maastrich Treaty, 149, 152
Macaulay, Thomas, 289, 290
Macintosh, Cameron, 192
MacKinlay, John and Louisa, 329
macroeconomics, 107
“made in America,” 116
Madini family perfume business, 128-129, 226
Maepa, Nape, 42
Magyar Television, 191
Mahathir bin Mohamad, 203, 204, 239, 271
Malaysia, 203
capital controls in, 25, 59
management
See global management
science, evolution of, 75
strategies, 66-77
successful ideas for, 68, 71
management consultants, 69-70
Managerial Revolution, 17
Manaus, 120
Mandela, Nelson, 268
Manias, Panics, and Crashes, 180
Man in Full, A, 100
Mankarious, Rafik, 69
Mannesmann, 41, 101
manufactured goods
percent exported, 34
value of in the 1990s, 23
maquiladoras, 24
Marcus, Stanley, 239
Margolis, Stephen, 209
Marimba, 207
marketing, racism in, 123
Marshall, Alfred, 6
Marshall Plan, 14, 184
Martínez, Guillerma Ortíz, 182
Marx, Karl, 8, 110, 224, 332
on globalization, 328-329, 339
tomb of, 328, 329
what he would see in London today, 330-331
Marxism, xxiii-xxiv
Mattel, 99, 109, 117, 118
Maytag, 37
McCarthy, David, 128
McDonald’s
global markets, 105
in Rome, 286
ties with Coca-Cola and Disney, 119
McDonald’s Hamburger University, 68-69
McDonnell Douglas, 103
McKinley, William, 279
McKinsey, 69, 74, 121, 122, 227, 232, 317
McLean, Malcolm, 34
McNamara, Robert, 173
McNealy, Sam, 207
McNealy, Scott, 323-324
McVeigh, Timothy, 271
media, 190
See also television
Medved, Michael, 189
Megatoys, 99
Meidi, 127
Menem, Carlos, 23
Mercosur, 24, 151, 242
mergers, 245
failed, 102-103
global, 101-104
Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC), 222
Merrill Lynch, 53, 103
Merritt, Doug, 320
p. 376 Metternich, Fürst von, 159
Mexico, 154
adoption of dollar, 180
American direct investment in, 110
bailout of, 176, 177
GM car parts factory in, 245
Microsoft, 23, 101.209, 213, 239, 275, 312
antitrust actions against, 147-148
Middle East, xxii
border disputes, 156
militarism, in Latin America, 18
military spending, United States, 20
Milken, Lowell, 93
Milken, Michael, 91, 93
Milken Institute, 55
Mill, James, on free trade, 4, 5
Mill, John Stuart, xxviii, 332, 333
Miller, Arthur, 318
Millman, Gregory, 56
Milosevic, Slobodan, 162, 181
Ministry of Culture, Paris, 183
Mintzberg, Henry, 67
MIPCOM, 225-226
Mises, Ludwig von, 21
Mitford, Jessica, 86
Mitrofanov, Alexei, 142
Mitsubishi, 314
Mittal, Lakshmi, 330
Mitterrand, François, 19, 146
Miyauchi, Yoshihiko, 53-54
mobile phones, 39-45, 315
costs of, 43
in developing countries, 42-43
Internet access, 132
multifunctional devices, 40-41
regulation of, in U.S., 41
smart phones, 40-41
success of Nokia (Finland), 129-132
use of in foreign countries, 40-43
Mobile Telephone Networks Holdings (MTN), 44
Moldavia, telephone service in, 42
Monsanto, 283, 285
Monson, Guy, 311, 312
Monster.com, 320
Montgomery Ward, 214
Moore, Gordon, 207, 210
Moreau, Jeanne, 197
Morgan, J. P., 304
Morgenth
au, Henry, 179
Motorola, in-house university, 68
Mount Pelerin Society, 22
Mphuthi, Pratty, 44
MTV, xix, 192
Mubarak, Hosni, 268
Mugabe, Robert, 25
Muller, Adam, 269
multiculturalism, 154
Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI), 275, 282, 283
multilateralism, 163-165
multilateral organizations
See also global organizations
distribution of jobs among, 181
the multilateral paradox, 165-167
multinational companies, 67-68
Murdoch, Rupert, 71, 146, 147, 192, 222, 229-230, 237
museums, 195
music
downloading from the Internet, 193
musicals, 192
pop, 191-192
musicians, 193
Muslims, xxiv-xxv
Mussolini, Benito, 10
mutual funds, 54, 176
Myhrvold, Nathan, 107
myths of globalization, 97-118
first: size trumps all, 100-104
second: triumph of universal products, 104-106
third: economics needs to be rewritten, 106-109
fourth: globalization as a zero-sum game, 109-113
fifth: disappearance of geography, 114-117
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
N
Nabisco, 123
Nader, Ralph, xix
NAFTA, 24, 112, 272, 275, 292
effect on jobs in U.S., 109, 110
effect on Mexican-American border, 156-157
Nairobi, bombing of American Embassy, 274
Narva, Estonia, 141-142, 160
nationalism
economic, 17
of “strategicindustries,” 17
“national self-sufficiency” speech, 9-10
National Semiconductor, 34
National Wildlife Federation, 275
nation-state
antitrust actions and, 147-148
criticism of and threats to, 144-145
debate over, 144-145
distinctions, 151
effect of capitalism on, 145-147
future of, 155-158
globalization and destruction of, 143
globalization is good for government, 148-150
government spending and, 149-150
human rights vs. national sovereignty, 153
legitimate use of force and, 158
most serious challenges to, 153-155
protecting interests and preserving the balance of power, 159
“rethink the nation-state,” 292
p. 377 separatist movements, 154
sovereignty of regional bodies, 151
survival of. 141-160
“transgovernmentalism,” 150-151
and the welfare state, 145
Navarro, Juan, 227
NEC, 314
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 18
Nestlé, apprenticeship system, 68
Netherlands, 152
Netscape, 38, 148, 215
networking effects, 202
Neumark, David, 318
Nevada Gaming Commission, 94
Never Expect Power Again (NEPA), 293
New America Foundation, 218
New Balance, “made in America,” 116
New Deal, 11
new economy
defining, 107-109
industries, 11