by Joe Jackson
   Daimler, Gottfried
   Darwin, Annie
   Darwin, Charles
   Darwin, Emma
   Davis, Edgar Byrum
   Dean, Warren
   debt-peonage system
   Defoe, Daniel
   deforestation
   defumador
   Della Costa, Antonio
   Dempsey, Mary
   D’Entrecasteaux Group
   Dermatobia hominis
   de Sousa Pessoa, Biamor
   Detroit, Mich., auto industry of
   de Vilanova, Francisco
   devil’s fishhook ( juruparipindi)
   Diamantino Rubber Co.
   Dickens, Charles
   dimethyl butadiene
   Dipteryx odorata (sarrapia tree)
   Dobson, William Charles Thomas
   Donner Party
   Dothidella ulei
   Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
   Drummond-Hay, Edward
   Drummond-Hay, James de Vismes
   Drummond-Hay, John
   Duke of Devonshire
   Dunlop tires
   Dusendchon, Zargas & Co.
   dyewoods
   Earth Summit (1992)
   East India Company
   Ecuador:
   cinchona seeds stolen from
   rubber from
   Edison, Thomas A.
   eels, electric
   El Dorado, mythology of
   electrical systems
   Electrophorous electricus (temblador)
   Eli Lilly
   Elizabeth I, Queen of England
   Emigrant’s Guide to Brazil, The (Hastings)
   Emigrant’s Guide to Oregon and California, The (Hastings)
   engenhos
   Enlightenment
   Ensor, Robert C. K.
   Ercarnación, Sor
   Erebus, HMS
   Escondido River
   Esperanza
   estrada
   exploration
   faca
   Falkland Islands
   farinha de mandioca (manioc flour)
   Farris, Charles
   Federated Malay States see also Malaya
   feiticeira
   fer-de-lance ( jararaca)
   Ferrell, Mercia Jane
   Ficus elastica
   fire ants ( formigas de fogo)
   Firestone, Harvey
   Flint, Charles R.
   flowers, cult status of
   Forbes, Henry O.
   Ford, Henry
   Amazonian agro-industrial utopia planned by
   automobile production of
   distant paternalism of
   manufacturing innovations of
   Fordlandia
   failure of
   location of
   North-American management of
   rubber plantation at
   ruins of
   size of
   worker dissatisfactions at
   Ford Motor Company
   formigas de fogo (fire ants)
   Fortune, Robert
   Fourcroy, Antoine François de
   Franco, Old Man
   Franco-Prussian War
   free trade
   Freud, Sigmund
   Funtumia elastica
   gaiola
   Gardiner, John
   Gardrich. L.
   gas masks
   Gates, Bill
   Gauguin, Paul
   gaurapo
   G. B. Pirelli and Co.
   Geer, William C.
   General Sherman (giant sequoia tree)
   George II Frederic, King of Miskito Nation
   George IV, King of Great Britain
   George Frederic Augustus I, King of Miskito Nation
   German colonies
   Germany, synthetic rubber production in
   Geronimo
   gibberellic acid
   Gibbon, Lardner
   Gil, Rojas
   Gmelina arborea
   Goacribari
   gold, mythical city of, see El Dorado, mythology of
   goldenrod
   gold mining
   Goldsworthy, Sir Roger Tuckfield -48n
   goma
   Gonçalves Ribeiro, Eduardo
   Goodyear, Charles
   Gordon, Charles George
   Granville, Granville George Leveson-Gower, Lord
   Great Britain:
   antipodal points of
   biopiracy efforts of, see biopiracy
   Brazilian economic influence of
   colonial plantation economy of
   consulships of
   corporate interests served by
   East-Asian rubber plantations of
   imperial mission of
   international resentment toward
   labor problems of
   rubber monopoly gained by
   Victorian-era exploration from
   Great Exhibition (1851)
   Green, Thomas Shipton
   Greenwood, James
   Greytown, Nicaragua
   Guaharibos
   Guarani
   Guatemala, British Honduran tensions with
   guayule
   Gum-Elastic (Goodyear)
   gutta-percha
   Guyana, rubber plantations wiped out in
   Half-Moon Cay
   Hammick (Wickham’s tobacco-farm partner)
   Hampstead Heath
   Hancock, Thomas
   Hardenburg, Walter E.
   Harding, Warren
   Harris, John H.
   Hasskarl, Justus Charles
   Hastings, Lansford Warren
   Haverstock Hill
   hawksbill turtles
   HCN (hydrocyanic acid) (prussic acid)
   heat exhaustion
   Heneratgoda Gardens
   Heracleitus
   Herbert River
   Hernandez (white Creole)
   Hernández, Crisóstavo
   Herndon, William Lewis
   Hevea brasiliensis (Pará rubber tree)
   Hevea brasiliensis (cont.)
   biopiracy of -43n
   Cross’s delivery of
   curing process for
   East Asian cultivation of
   fungal parasites of
   germination process of
   identification process for
   Kew cultivation of
   mother tree of
   natural growth patterns of
   optimal conditions for
   Pará fine derived from
   seed explosions of
   superiority of rubber from
   tapping processes for
   tree size of
   types of
   Wickham’s drawings of
   see also Brazilian rubber trade
   Hill, Captain
   Himalayas, British trekkers in
   Hitler, Adolf
   Hogg, Sir James
   Hondo River
   Hooker, Francis Harriet
   Hooker, Joseph Dalton
   background of
   in bureaucratic conflicts
   hevea seeds delivered to
   as Kew’s director
   prickly personality of
   in rubber biopiracy efforts
   Wickham distasteful to
   Hooker, William Jackson
   hookworm
   Hoover, Herbert
   hornets
   Huitoto Indians
   Humboldt, Alexander von
   hydrocyanic (prussic) acid (HCN)
   ice ages
   Iferenanuique (Huitoto chief)
   Ignatius of Loyola, Saint
   iguanas
   imbibation
   Immigration Act (1872)
   Incas
   India:
   cinchona cultivation in
   rubber cultivation in
   Sepoy Mutiny in
   Indian black earth (terra de Indio)
   India Office:
   in cinchona biopiracy effort
   East Asian rubber cultivation and
   Kew collaboration with
   management style of -41n
   rubber biopiracy
 and
   India rubber
   Ingham, W. B.
   Inman Lines
   insecticides
   internal combustion engine
   ipe (ironwood tree)
   Iquitos, Peru
   Irai Company
   Iraq, U.S. invasion of
   Ireland, potato famine in
   ironclad ships
   Isonandra tree
   Itamarina
   jaguars
   James I, King of Great Britain
   Jameson (Wickham’s business colleague)
   James Stafford
   Japan, Asian rubber plantations seized by
   jararaca (fer-de-lance)
   Javari River
   Jennings, Clements
   Jesuits
   João VI, King of Portugal
   Johnson, Frederick A.
   Jones, Fordyce
   juruparipindi (devil’s fishhook)
   Kanakas (Melanesian workers)
   Kanchenjunga
   Kickxia
   Kidd, Benjamin
   King, Moll
   Kingdom & Co.
   Kipling, Rudyard
   Kirkwood, Deborah
   Kondakov, Ivan
   Krakatoa, volcanic eruption of
   Labroz, O.
   la Condamine, Charles Marie de
   lactifers
   Laird, MacGregor
   Lake LaFarge
   Lake Ormoc
   lanchas
   Landolphia (white rubber vine) (mbungu vine)
   Lane, Edward Valentine
   Lange, Algot
   LaRue, Carl
   latex
   see also rubber
   Latin America:
   Confederate refugees in, see confederados
   informal British presence in
   Lawrence, T. E.
   leaf blight
   leaf-cutter ants
   Lectures on Colonization and Colonies (Merivale)
   Ledger, Charles
   Lendrum, Alexander
   Lendrum, Frances Livingstone
   Leopold II, King of Belgium
   leprosy
   Level, Andreas
   lianas
   Liberia, rubber cultivation in
   lighting systems, electric
   linamarin
   Lingoa Geral
   Liverpool & Amazon Royal Mail Steamship Company
   Livingstone, David
   Livingstone, Thomas Gott
   lizards
   llanos
   Loadman, John
   logging
   London, England:
   disease epidemics in
   growth of
   Marylebone district of
   poverty in
   suburbs of
   London, Jack
   London Stock Exchange
   Louisiade Archipelago, Conflict Islands in
   Lovejoy, Thomas
   Ludwig, Daniel K.
   Lumholtz, Carl
   Lynch, R. Irwin -40n
   MacCreagh, Gordon
   Maceranduba (cow-tree)
   Macgregor, Sir William
   Macintosh, Charles
   Madagascar, rosy periwinkle of
   Madeira-Mamoré Railway Company
   Madeira River
   mahogany (Swietenia mahogani)
   Mai d’agua
   maki
   malaria
   Malaya:
   rubber plantations in
   Wickham’s plantation projects in
   Mallet, Louis
   Maloney, Sir C. Alfred
   Managua, Treaty of (1860)
   Manaus, Brazil
   decline of
   floating dock built in
   prosperity of
   as rubber trade center -58n
   Manifest Destiny
   Manihot glaziovii (Ceará rubber plants)
   Manilkara bidentata
   manioc flour (farinha de mandioca)
   Mann, Gustav
   Manuel (Venezuelan worker)
   mapiri
   marginal environments
   Maria I, Queen of Portugal
   Markham, Clements R.
   career of-41n
   in cinchona theft
   physical appearance of
   rubber biopiracy backed by
   Wickham’s India appointment urged by
   marriage, Victorian view of
   Marx, Karl
   mass production
   matapalo (strangler fig)
   Mateo (Venezuelan worker)
   Maurey, Matthew Fontaine
   Maya
   Mayhew, Henry
   mbungu vine (Landolphia) (white rubber vine)
   Melanesian workers (Kanakas)
   Melo Palheta, Francisco de
   Mendenhall, J. B.
   Merivale, Herman
   Merrie England
   Merrimac
   mestizos
   Mexico:
   1914 revolution in
   rubber from
   War of Independence of
   Yucatán Peninsula of
   Michelin tires
   Miller, William
   millinery business
   mimosa frigosa
   mishla
   Miskito Indians
   missionaries
   Jesuit
   Miyata, Kenneth
   Model Ts
   Monitor
   monkeys
   Montanha
   Monte Alegre
   Monte Durado, Brazil
   Montefiore, Abraham
   Montezuma II, Emperor of Mexico
   Moog, Vianna
   Morani, Emilio
   Moravians
   Morley, George
   Morocco:
   Brazilian immigrants from
   British diplomacy with
   Mosquito Coast
   mosquitoes
   diseases transmitted by
   mosses
   mother-of-pearl
   Mother Saidy (Barbados woman in Venezuela)
   Mother Tree, mythology of
   Mount Chimborazo
   Mundurucú Indians
   Munt, J. G.
   Murphy, John
   Murray, George
   Napoleon I, Emperor of the French
   Narciso (Venezuelan worker)
   natural theology
   Nelson, Lord Horatio
   New Guinea, see Papua New Guinea
   Nicaragua
   British presence in
   cholera epidemic in
   Mosquito Coast of
   rubber harvesting in
   Santo Domingo country in
   tribal peoples of
   Nicuesa, Diego de
   nitrate pulse
   Niven, Robert
   oil industry
   Oldman, King of the Miskito Nation
   Olds, Ransom E.
   “On India-Rubber” (Collins)
   On the Origin of Species (Darwin)
   On the Plantation, Cultivation, and Curing of Pará Indian Rubber
   (Wickham)
   opium
   Orellana, Francisco de
   Orinoco River
   Amazon system linked to
   rubber collection near
   upriver journey on
   Otto, Nikolaus
   Owen, Richard
   Pacific Ocean:
   clipper ship crossing of
   guano islands of
   palmatore
   Palmerston, Henry John Temple, Lord
   palm oil
   palm trees
   Panama rubber tree (Castilla elastica)
   Panasea
   P&O Company
   Papua New Guinea
   archipelagoes near
   Papua New Guinea (cont.)
   British annexation of
   colonial expatriate society in
   land use restrictions of
   native culture of
   rubber cultivation in
   topography of
   Pará (Belém), Brazil (city)
   British consuls in
   Jewish merchants in
   location of
   Wi
ckham’s hevea seeds smuggled through
   Pará, Brazil (province)
   Pará fine
   Paranáquausú
   see also Amazon River
   Pará (Brazil) nuts
   Paraponera clavata
   Pará rubber tree, see Hevea brasiliensis
   parrots
   patrãos
   Pavlova, Anna
   Pax Britannica
   Paxton, Joseph
   Peal, Samuel
   pearl oysters, cultivation of
   Peck, John Benjamin
   Pedley, Anna
   Pedley, James
   Pedro I, Dom, Emperor of Brazil
   Pedro II, Dom, Emperor of Brazil
   Pereira Branco, Olinda
   Perideniya Gardens
   periwinkle, biopiracy of
   perros de agua (river otters)
   Peru:
   cinchona seeds stolen from
   rubber production in
   Peru Pará Rubber Company
   Peruvian Amazon Rubber Company
   Philippines, rubber plantations in
   Pilditch, Alice Molson Symon
   Pilditch, Frank Slater
   Pilditch, Harriette Jane Wickham
   Pinto, Abraham
   Pinto Guimarães, Miguel Antônio
   piquiá trees
   Piquiá-tuba, Brazil
   piranha
   Pirelli tires
   pitpan canoes
   Pizarro, Francisco
   Pizarro, Gonzalo
   “Planter of Malata, The” (Conrad)
   Planters’ Association of Ceylon and Malaya
   plant species, geographical transfer of
   see also biopiracy
   plenopid snails
   plimsolls
   pneumatic rubber tires
   Porter, Bernard
   Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
   posseiros
   Potamotrygon stingray
   praça
   Prado, Paulo
   Prain, David
   Prayer of the Dry Toad
   Price, Henry M.
   Price Grant
   Priestley, Joseph
   Pritchett, G. J.
   prussic (hydrocyanic) acid (HCN)
   purple ipe
   Putumayo region, rubber barons of
   Queensland, Australia
   British emigration to
   climate of
   Melanesian labor force in
   racial violence in
   quinine
   railroads
   in Brazil
   rubber usage on
   rain forest, see tropical forests
   Raleigh, Sir Walter
   Ramón (Wickham’s canoe pilot)
   ranchos
   rede
   Reja, Carmen
   Reliance Rubber Company
   Reserva Florestal Adolfo Duche
   resource independence
   Rhome, Romulus J.
   rias
   Ridley, Henry N.
   Riker, David Afton (son)
   Riker, David Bowman (father)
   background of
   estate built by
   financial success of
   Ford plantation and
   on Wickham
   Riker, Ditmar
   Riker, R. H.
   Riker, Robert
   Riker, Rubim
   Rio Negro
   Rios, Rafael
   river blindness