The Disappearance of Émile Zola

by Michael Rosen

  Evelyne Bloch-Dano, Madame Zola, Paris, Editions Grasset et Fasquelle, 1997

  Harold Bloom (ed. & intro.), Émile Zola, Broomall, PA, Chelsea House, 2004

  Charles Booth, Life and Labour of the People in London, 1889-1903 (available at http://www.genguide.co.uk/source/life-andlabour-of-the-people-in-london-charles-booth-survey/266)

  David Bradshaw & Rachel Potter (eds), Prudes on the Prowl: Fiction and obscenity in England, 1850 to the present day, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013

  Peter Brooks, Henry James Goes to Paris, Princeton & Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2007

  Frederick Brown, Zola: A Life, Baltimore & London, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996

  ———, For the Soul of France, Culture Wars in the Age of Dreyfus, New York, Alfred E. Knopf, 2010

  William I. Brustein & Louisa Roberts, The Socialism of Fools? Leftist Origins of Modern Anti-Semitism, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2015

  Colin Burns, ‘Le retentissement de l’Affaire Dreyfus dans la presse britannique en 1898–99: esquisse d’un projet de recherches futures’,

  Les Cahiers Naturalistes, No. 54, Paris, Société Littéraire des Amis d’Émile Zola, 1980

  ———, ‘Le Voyage de Zola à Londres en 1893, “NOTES SUR LONDRES”, texte inédit d’Émile Zola’, Les Cahiers Naturalistes, No. 60, Paris, Société Littéraire des Amis d’Émile Zola, 1986

  Michael Burns, France and the Dreyfus Affair: A Documentary History, Boston & New York, Bedford/St Martin’s, 1999

  Frederick Busi, The Pope of Antisemitism, the career and legacy of Edouard-Adolphe Drumont, Lanham, MD, University Press of America, 1986

  Alma W. Byrd, The First Generation Reception of the Novels of Émile Zola in Britain: An annotated bibliography of English Language Responses to his work, 1877–1902, Lewiston, Queenston, Lampeter, Edwin Mellen Press, 2006

  Erin G. Carlston, Double Agents, espionage, literature and liminal citizens, New York, Columbia University Press, 2013

  Lawson A. Carter, Zola and the Theater, Westport, CT, Greenwood Press, 1977

  William Elliot Colburn, ‘Zola in England, 1883–1903’, PhD thesis, University of Illinois, 1949

  Joseph Conrad (ed. C. T. Watts), Letters to R. B. Cunninghame Graham, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2011 (reissue)

  Fred. C. Conybeare, The Dreyfus Case, London, George Allen, 1899

  Martyn Cornick, ‘The Impact of the Dreyfus Affair in Late-Victorian Britain’, Franco-British Studies 22, 1996, pp. 57–82

  R. G. Cox (ed.), Thomas Hardy: The Critical Heritage, New York, Barnes & Noble, 1970

  Laura Deal, ‘Zola in England: Controversy and Change in the 1890s’, PhD thesis, Washington DC, American University, 2008

  Isabelle Delamotte, Le Roman de Jeanne, à l’ombre de Zola, Paris, Belfond, 2009

  Michel Dreyfus, L’Antisémitisme à gauche, histoire d’un paradoxe, de 1830 à nos jours, Paris, Éditions La Découverte, 2009

  Adrian Frazier, George Moore, 1852–1933, New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 2000

  Harvey Goldberg, The Life of Jean Jaurès, Madison, Milwaukee, London, University of Wisconsin Press, 1962

  Henri Guillemin, L’Enigme Esterhazy, Paris, NRF, Gallimard, 1962

  Ruth Harris, The Man on Devil’s Island: Alfred Dreyfus and the Affair that Divided France, London, Allen Lane, 2010

  Chris Healey, Confessions of a Journalist, London, Chatto & Windus, 1904

  F. W. J. Hemmings, Émile Zola, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2nd edn, 1966

  ———, The Life and Times of Émile Zola, London, New Delhi, New York, Sidney, Bloomsbury Reader, 2013

  Paul Hyland & Neil Sammells (eds), Writing and Censorship in Britain, London, New York, Routledge, 1992

  Jean Jaurès, Les Preuves (available at http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k72819h/f4.image)

  ———, Ressources de Jaurès (available at http://www.jaures.eu/ressources/de_jaures/jaures-les-socialistes-et-laffairedreyfus-1900)

  ———, Untitled Article re Zola Visit, La Petite Republique, 23 April 1901 (also published in Zola’s Oeuvres complètes, Vol. 18)

  ———, ‘Work’, The Social-Democrat, July 1901, pp. 205–6; translated by Jacques Bonhomme

  Jewish Socialists Group, ‘James Connolly and the Jews’, available at www.jewishsocialist.org.uk/features/item/james-connolly-and-the-jews

  Graham King, Garden of Zola: Émile Zola and his Novels for English Readers, London, Barrie & Jenkins, 1978

  Maurice Le Blond, ‘Les Projets Littéraires d’Émile Zola au moment de sa mort, d’après des documents et manuscrits inédits’, Mercure de France, No. 703, 1 October 1927

  J. Robert Maguire, Ceremonies of Bravery: Oscar Wilde, Carlos Blacker and the Dreyfus Affair, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013

  Donald Mason, ‘The Doll of English Fiction, Hardy, Zola and the Politics of Convention’, PhD thesis, McMaster University, 1994

  Carmen Mayer-Robin, ‘“Justice”, Zola’s Global Utopian Gospel’, Nineteenth-Century French Studies, 36, Nos 1 & 2, Fall–Winter 2007–8

  Elizabeth Carolyn Miller, Slow Print: Literary Radicalism and Late Victorian Print Culture, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2013

  David Christie Murray, ‘Some Notes on the Zola Case’, Contemporary Review, April 1898, pp. 486–7

  National Vigilance Association, ‘Pernicious Literature’, in George Joseph Becker (ed.), Documents of Modern Literary Realism, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1963, pp. 350–82

  Brian Nelson (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Émile Zola, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007

  James G. Nelson, Publisher to the Decadents: Leonard Smithers in the Careers of Beardsley, Wilde, Dowson, University Park, Pennsylvania University Press, 2000

  Oatlands Park Hotel, Our History, no date or publication details given

  Alain Pagès, Une Journée dans l’affaire Dreyfus, 13 janvier 1898, ‘J’accuse …’, Paris, Perrin, 2011

  ———, Émile Zola de ‘J’accuse’ au Panthéon, Saint-Paul, Lucien Souny, 2008

  Eileen R. Pryme, ‘Zola’s Plays in England’, French Studies, XIII, no. 1 (Jan. 1959), pp. 28–38

  Morris U. Schappes, The Jewish Question and the Left – old and new, a challenge to the New Left, New York, Jewish Currents reprint no 7, 1970

  Nicolas Henricus Gerardus Schoonderwoerd, J. T. Grein, Ambassador of the Theatre, 1862–1935, Assen, Van Gorcum and Company, NV. 1962

  Martin Seymour-Smith, Hardy, London, Bloomsbury, 1994

  Robert Harborough Sherard, Émile Zola: A Biographical and Critical Study, London, Chatto & Windus, 1893

  ———, ‘Emile Zola on Anti-Semitism in France’, The Humanitarian, Vol. XII, February 1898, No. 2

  Pamela Shields, Hertfordshire, Secrets and Spies, Stroud, Amberley Publishing, 2009

  David Shonfield, ‘The Battle of Omdurman’, History Today, Vol. 48, Issue 9, September 1998 (available at http://www.historytoday.com/david-shonfield/battle-omdurman#sthash.rt8r8ZKB.dpuf)

  Dorothy E. Speirs & Yannick Portebois (eds), with Lillian Barra, Michel Duquet, Tanya Magnus, Kathy Marek, Nathalie V. Obregon and Nimisha Visram, Mon cher Maître, Lettres d’Ernest Vizetelly à Émile Zola, Montréal, Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 2001

  G. W. Steevens, The Tragedy of Dreyfus, London, New York, Harper & Brothers, 1899

  John Stokes, In the Nineties, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1989

  John Addington Symonds, ‘“La Bête Humaine”: A Study of Zola’s Idealism’, Fortnightly Review, LVI, October 1891, pp. 453–62

  Marcel Thomas, Esterhazy, ou l’envers de l’affaire Dreyfus, Paris, Vernal/Philippe Lebaud, 1989

  Karl Zieger (ed.), ‘“Émile Zola, ‘J’Accuse …!’” Réactions nationales et internationales’, Journée d’études Valenciennes, Valenciennes, Presses Universitaires de Valenciennes, 1998

  ‘Zola in Norwood’, BBC Radio 3 programme, producer Emma-Louise Williams, presenter Mic
hael Rosen, first broadcast 11 January 2015 (available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04xrq3w)

  Index

  Note: all buildings and locations are in central London unless otherwise specified.

  Académie Française, 1

  Aix-en-Provence, 1, 2, 3

  Alexis, Mme Paul, 1

  Alexis, Paul, 1, 2

  Alhambra Theatre, 1

  anti-semitism: in Algeria, 1;

  attack on Mirbeau, 1; and characters in Zola’s novels, 1;

  and Dreyfus Affair, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10;

  and Irish Home Rule, 1;

  and Nazi regime, 1;

  Paris riots, 1;

  rarity of non-Jewish opposition to, 1, 2;

  relation to socialism, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  and revelation of Zola’s ménage, 1;

  shocks The Times, 1;

  and the ‘syndicate’, 1, 2, 3;

  Zola on extent of, 1;

  and Zola trial, 1, 2

  Archer, William, 1, 2

  Athenaeum, 1

  Aubert, Émilie (Zola’s mother), 1, 2

  L’Aurore (newspaper): ‘Clemenceau-as-Zola’ explains flight to London, 1; ‘The Fifth Act’ (Zola), 1;

  ‘Justice’ (Zola), 1;

  letter to Mme Dreyfus (Zola), 1;

  silence on Zola’s disappearance, 1;

  see also ‘J’Accuse’

  Auschwitz, 1

  Authors’ Club, 1

  Bailey’s Hotel, South Kensington, 1, 2

  Balearic Islands, 1

  Barlow, George: A History of the Dreyfus Case, 1, 2

  Beer, Max, 1

  Beer, Rachel, 1

  Belgium, 1

  Belhomme, Edmé, 1

  Bernard-Lazare, 1, 2

  Bernhardt, Sarah, 1

  Besant, Annie, 1

  Billot, General Jean-Baptiste, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

  Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne, 1

  Bloch-Dano, Evelyne, 1, 2

  Boccaccio, Giovanni: Decameron, 1

  Boisdeffre, General Raoul de, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

  Booth, Charles, 1

  Boyer, Amédée, 1

  Bradlaugh, Charles, 1, 2

  Brisson, Henri, 1

  British Museum, 1

  Bruneau, Alfred, 1, 2

  Buckingham Palace, 1, 2

  Buckingham Palace Road, 1, 2, 3

  Bunting, Percy, 1

  Café Royal, 1

  Caroline (Alexandrine’s daughter), 1, 2, 3, 4

  ‘The Castle’, Weybridge, 1, 2

  Céard, Paul, 1

  Cézanne, Paul, 1

  Chantôme (gardener), 1

  Charpentier, Georges, 1, 2, 3, 4

  Charpentier, Mme Georges, 1

  Chatto, Andrew, 1, 2, 3

  Chatto & Windus, 1, 2, 3

  Chrimes brothers, 1

  Clarke, Campbell, 1, 2

  Clemenceau, Albert, 1, 2

  Clemenceau, Georges: Beer’s letter of introduction to Zola, 1; clears Zola’s return, 1;

  four English words for Zola, 1;

  optimism over Zola return, 1;

  recommends Grosvenor Hotel, 1;

  requests then writes Zola article, 1;

  urges Zola to flee, 1;

  and Zola trial, 1, 2

  Conan Doyle, Arthur, 1, 2, 3

  Connolly, James, 1

  Contemporary Review, 1, 2, 3, 4

  Conybeare, Fred C.: The Dreyfus Case, 1

  Cornick, Martyn, 1

  Cornish, Herbert, 1

  Couard, Émile, 1

  Crawfurd, Oswald, 1

  Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, 1

  Crystal Palace (building): 1893 banquet for Zola, 1, 2; Zola photographs, 1, 2

  Crystal Palace Royal Hotel, 1, 2

  Daily Chronicle, 1, 2

  Daily Graphic, 1

  Daily News, 1, 2, 3, 4

  Daily Telegraph, 1, 2, 3, 4

  Darmester, Mary James (‘Madame’), 1

  Daudet, Alphonse: Sapho, 1

  Desmoulin, Fernand: confronts Zola over children and Jeanne, 1, 2; delivers letters to France, 1;

  discusses Zola’s options, 1, 2;

  ferries goods to Zola from Paris, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  tells Zola Alexandrine’s plans, 1;

  visits Moulton, 1;

  with Zola at Grosvenor Hotel, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  with Zola on way to Wimbledon, 1;

  with Zola in Weybridge, 1;

  at Zola’s reburial, 1

  Devil’s Island, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

  Dieterlen, Mme (teacher), 1

  Dover, 1

  Dowson, Ernest, 1

  Dreyfus, Captain Alfred: as ‘author’ of bordereau, 1, 2, 3; first court martial, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  guilt as Jew, 1;

  imprisoned, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  Jaurès on, 1, 2;

  leaves Devil’s Island, 1;

  pardoned, 1;

  rationale for socialist support of, 1;

  rehabilitation, 1;

  second court martial, 1, 2, 3;

  waxwork at Madame Tussaud’s, 1;

  and Zola’s disappearance, 1;

  at Zola’s reburial, 1

  Dreyfus, Lucie, 1, 2, 3

  Dreyfus, Mathieu, 1, 2, 3

  Dreyfus Affair: Alexandrine handles, 1; Amnesty Law, 1, 2;

  as antidote to Zola’s vanity, 1;

  anti-Dreyfusard suicide, 1;

  and anti-semitism, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;

  authorship of bordereau, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;

  contemporary British books on, 1;

  and death of Faure, 1;

  General Staff collusion, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  Hardy’s sneer at Zola, 1;

  Henry Affair, 1, 2;

  Hyde Park demonstration and pro-Dreyfus petition, 1, 2;

  interrupts Zola’s writing, 1;

  Jaurès’s stance on, 1, 2, 3;

  and Jeanne’s cook, 1;

  Musée Dreyfus, 1;

  and Naturalism, 1;

  original verdict overturned, 1;

  Picquart indictment, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  précis of, 1;

  pro-Dreyfus support in Britain, 1, 2;

  Protestant support for Dreyfus, 1;

  Punch cartoon, 1;

  reflected in Vérité (Zola), 1;

  Social-Democrat article, 1;

  Supreme Court of Appeal investigation, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  The Times coverage, 1;

  Truth–Justice–Liberty Committee banquet, 1, 2;

  Zola omits from novels, 1, 2;

  and Zola’s ‘Angeline’, 1;

  and Zola’s bitterness, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;

  and Zola’s death, 1;

  and Zola’s return to Paris, 1, 2;

  see also ‘J’Accuse’

  Drury Lane Theatre, 1

  Dubois, Philippe, 1

  East End, 1

  Education Act 1870, 1

  Ellis, Havelock, 1, 2, 3

  Émile-Zola, Alexandrine (wife): advice to Zola on intuition, 1; annual Italian ‘cure’, 1;

  arrangement with Zola and Jeanne, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;

  Caroline, her dead child, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  death, 1;

  death of Pinpin, 1;

  Desmoulin delivers letters, 1;

  discovers Zola’s affair, 1, 2, 3;

  Doctor Pascal dedication, 1;

  gives Jeanne priority for England trip, 1, 2;

  health, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  on illusion of Zola’s absence, 1;

  inner torment, 1, 2;

  interest in Zola’s children, 1, 2;

  and Jeanne–Zola correspondence, 1;

  as lingère, 1;

  as Martine in Doctor Pascal, 1;

  on Paris surveillance, 1;

  relationship with Jeanne and children post-Zola, 1, 2, 3;

  return to Paris, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  roses to Zola, 1;

  rules Jeanne, 1;

  runs Zola’s affairs from Paris, 1, 2, 3, 4
, 5, 6;

  ‘spotted’ in London, 1, 2;

  stays at Queen’s Hotel, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  upset by Charpentier account, 1;

  with Zola on 1893 trip, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  on Zola finishing Fécondité, 1;

  Zola on his return, 1;

  Zola photographs, 1, 2;

  Zola’s code for, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  and Zola’s death, 1;

  and Zola’s disappearance, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  and Zola’s Electra-like situation, 1

  Émile-Zola, Denise (daughter): on Amnesty Law, 1; L’Aurore’s ‘Zola’ article, 1;

  as author, 1;

  bicycle from Zola, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  birth, 1;

  childhood memories, 1, 2;

  chocolate bar ‘gift’, 1;

  Christmas gifts from Zola, 1, 2;

  correspondence with Zola, 1, 2, 3, 4;

  on Crystal Palace, 1;

  on death of Pinpin, 1;

  Doctor Pascal as record for, 1, 2;

  on Exposition Universelle, 1;

  on family life at ‘Summerfield’, 1;

  jealous of Jeanne–Zola relationship, 1;

  marriage to Le Blond, 1;

  nickname, 1;

  on ‘Penn’, 1;

  piano playing, 1, 2, 3;

  ‘prints’ books, 1;

  on rehabilitation of Dreyfus, 1;

  relationship with Alexandrine, 1, 2, 3;

  spelling mistakes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

  surname, 1;

  on Windsor outing, 1;

  on writing of Travail (Zola), 1;

  Zola on her beauty, 1;

  Zola on her temperament, 1, 2, 3;

  Zola photographs, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  Zola’s closeness to, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;

  on Zola’s disappearance, 1;

  on Zola’s last days and death, 1;

  at Zola’s reburial, 1

  Émile-Zola, Jacques (son): bicycle from Zola, 1, 2, 3, 4; birth, 1;

  botanising, 1;

  Christmas gifts from Zola, 1, 2;

  correspondence with Zola, 1;

  Doctor Pascal as record for, 1, 2;

  homesick for France, 1;

  nickname, 1;

  osseous tuberculosis, 1, 2;